A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure gas decompression, and discloses a multi-stage decompression device suitable for different pressure gradients, including a main valve body, wherein the upper part of the main valve body is connected to the upper valve cover, and the lower part is connected to the outlet valve cover; a plurality of mounting slots are arranged side by side on the upper part of the main valve body, and a group of main body decompression and adjustment mechanisms are installed in each mounting slot; a diversion and flow guide mechanism is also installed on the main valve body between two adjacent mounting slots; a one-way air outlet mechanism is installed on the upper part of the outlet valve cover corresponding to the position of each diversion and flow guide mechanism, and the air outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism is connected to the outlet valve cover gas outlet through the gas channel provided on the outlet valve cover. The present invention is designed with a corresponding plurality of main body decompression and adjustment mechanisms, diversion and flow guide mechanisms, and one-way air outlet mechanisms in the device, which can adaptively select the gas flow path according to different pressure gradients, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient decompression and pressure stabilization under multiple pressure gradients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure gas decompression, and more particularly to a multi-stage decompression device suitable for different pressure gradients. Background Art

[0002] High-pressure gas pressure reducers are specialized devices that automatically reduce the operating pressure of a pipeline. They reduce the elevated gas pressure in the pipeline upstream of a valve to the required level. These devices are crucial in applications requiring safe, precise, and stable gas pressure control. Excessive downstream pressure can damage downstream components or piping, causing leaks and increasing the risk of explosion or fire.

[0003] At present, the main problems with existing pressure reducing devices are: the gas storage pressures of the current gas tanks are different (i.e., the inlet pressures of the pressure reducing devices are different), and the required gas pressures are also different (i.e., the outlet pressures of the pressure reducing devices are different). Therefore, the current pressure reducing devices are difficult to simultaneously meet the above-mentioned different required pressure gradients.

[0004] Therefore, how to optimize the overall structure and effectively design a pressure reduction device that adapts to different pressure gradients has become a key technical challenge that researchers in the field of high-pressure gas pressure reduction urgently need to solve. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention proposes a multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients, and its specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients, comprising a main valve body, wherein the upper part of the main valve body is connected to the upper valve cover, and the lower part is connected to the outlet valve cover; a plurality of mounting grooves are arranged side by side on the upper part of the main valve body, and a group of main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanisms are installed in each mounting groove, and a ventilation cavity is arranged on the upper valve cover at a position corresponding to each mounting groove, and the air outlet of the ventilation cavity is connected to the upper valve cover ventilation groove which is also arranged on the upper valve cover; a main valve body rectangular groove is also arranged on the main valve body between two adjacent mounting grooves, and an upper valve cover rectangular groove is arranged on the upper valve cover at a position corresponding to each main valve body rectangular groove, and a group of flow dividing and guiding mechanisms are installed in the large rectangular groove enclosed by the main valve body rectangular groove and the upper valve cover rectangular groove, and a valve which is connected to the upper valve cover ventilation groove is arranged on the side of the main valve body rectangular groove close to the upper stage main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism. The vent groove of the main valve body; a one-way air outlet mechanism is installed on the upper part of the outlet valve cover corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism, and the air outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism is connected to the outlet valve cover gas outlet through the gas channel opened on the outlet valve cover; the gas enters the installation groove through the pressure reducing air inlet hole opened in the main valve body, and the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism in the installation groove completes throttling and pressure reduction and expansion and pressure stabilization before flowing to the ventilation cavity above, and then flows into the diversion and guide mechanism through the upper valve cover vent groove and the main valve body vent groove. The diversion and guide mechanism guides the gas to the one-way air outlet mechanism below or the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the next stage according to the gas pressure; the gas flowing out of the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism at the last stage will directly flow to the one-way air outlet mechanism of the last stage through the corresponding ventilation cavity, the upper valve cover vent groove and the main valve body last-stage vent groove separately opened at the end.

[0007] Preferably, the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism includes a stem valve core installed at the lower part of the mounting groove, a valve seat and a throttle seat installed at the upper part of the mounting groove, the throttle seat presses the valve seat tightly against the main valve body, and the upper valve cover presses the throttle seat tightly against the main valve body; the lower part of the stem valve core is provided with a built-in spring cavity one, the valve core spring is placed in the built-in spring cavity one and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove; the upper part of the stem valve core passes through the valve seat and extends to the expansion throttle cavity above the throttle seat; a corresponding position of the throttle seat on the upper valve cover is penetrated and installed The regulating rod and the lower end of the regulating rod extend into the expansion throttling cavity through the ventilation cavity and rest against the upper rod end of the stem valve core; the pressure reducing air inlet hole on the main valve body corresponds to the lower part of the connecting mounting groove, and the gas enters through the pressure reducing air inlet hole, flows along the gap between the stem valve core and the mounting groove to the space between the stem valve core and the valve seat to realize throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the space between the stem valve core and the throttling seat to realize expansion and pressure stabilization, and then flows to the space between the regulating rod and the throttling seat to realize re-throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the ventilation cavity between the regulating rod and the upper valve cover to realize re-expansion and pressure stabilization.

[0008] Preferably, the throttle seat and the main valve body are connected via threads, and the upper rod body of the regulating rod and the upper valve cover are connected via threads.

[0009] Preferably, an O-ring is sleeved on the regulating rod, and an O-ring groove is correspondingly provided on the upper valve cover, and the O-ring is interference fit with the regulating rod and the upper valve cover.

[0010] Preferably, the diversion and flow guiding mechanism includes a diverter plate and a guide plate which are installed side by side in the rectangular groove of the main valve body and the upper ends of which extend into the rectangular groove of the upper valve cover. The upper end of the guide plate is close to the groove top of the rectangular groove of the main valve body, and the diverter plate is close to the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the previous stage. A diverter plate spring is provided between the upper end of the diverter plate and the groove top of the rectangular groove of the main valve body, and a pressure chamber is provided between the lower end of the diverter plate and the groove bottom of the rectangular groove of the main valve body; the diverter plate is provided with a diverter plate air inlet hole and a diverter plate air outlet hole which are arranged vertically and aligned with the ventilation groove of the main valve body, and the guide plate is provided with a guide plate air inlet hole and a guide plate air outlet hole which are arranged vertically; when the gas is The vent grooves on the upper valve cover and the vent grooves on the main valve body enter the pressure chamber at the bottom of the diverter plate. If the gas pressure on the pressure surface of the diverter plate is less than the spring preload + friction force, the gas enters the guide plate from the diverter plate outlet hole, flows out through the guide plate outlet hole to the one-way outlet mechanism below, and then flows out from the outlet valve cover gas outlet; if the gas pressure on the pressure surface is greater than the spring preload + friction force, the gas compresses the diverter plate spring and pushes the diverter plate upward, and the gas flows in from the diverter plate inlet hole, through the guide plate inlet hole and the air inlet groove on the main valve body, and the next level of pressure reducing inlet hole into the main pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the next level, thereby continuing to complete the pressure reduction.

[0011] Preferably, a one-way piston groove 1 connected to the guide plate outlet hole is provided at the bottom of the main valve body corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism, and a one-way piston groove 2 is provided at the upper part of the outlet valve cover corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism. The one-way air outlet mechanism includes a one-way piston mounted in two one-way piston grooves corresponding to the upper and lower parts. A built-in spring chamber 2 is provided at the lower part of the one-way piston, and the piston spring is placed in the built-in spring chamber 2 and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the one-way piston groove 2; the one-way piston is pressed against the main valve body by the pre-tightening force of the piston spring and conducts in one direction. After the gas pushes the one-way piston downward and compresses the piston spring, it flows into the gas channel provided on the outlet valve cover through the outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism, and finally flows out from the gas outlet of the outlet valve cover.

[0012] Preferably, the regulating rod can adjust the size of the gap formed by the rod valve core and the valve seat by moving up and down to achieve different degrees of pressure relief.

[0013] Preferably, the top end of the stem valve core and the throttle seat form a small expansion cavity, which can achieve expansion, buffering and pressure stabilization after throttling.

[0014] Preferably, the bottom end of the regulating rod is a regular hexagonal column, which forms a local throttling gap with the throttle seat and a large-scale expansion cavity with the upper valve cover.

[0015] Preferably, threaded holes are provided on the main valve body, the upper valve cover and the outlet valve cover, and the upper valve cover and the main valve body, as well as the outlet valve cover and the main valve body, are connected by corresponding bolts.

[0016] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention is a multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients. The device is designed with several corresponding main pressure reducing and regulating mechanisms, diversion and flow guiding mechanisms, and one-way gas outlet mechanisms. It can adaptively select gas flow channels according to different pressure gradients and can simultaneously meet the requirements of efficient pressure reduction and pressure stabilization under multiple pressure gradients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a front cross-sectional view of a multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional overall structural diagram of a multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the first circulation mode of high-pressure gas.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the second circulation mode of high-pressure gas.

[0022] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the third circulation mode of high-pressure gas.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the valve core with stem in the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a front cross-sectional view of the valve core with stem in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjusting rod in the present invention.

[0026] Figure 9 It is a front cross-sectional view of the adjusting rod in the present invention.

[0027] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the throttle seat in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 11 It is a front cross-sectional view of the throttle seat in the present invention.

[0029] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the lower end of the adjusting rod and the throttle seat in the present invention.

[0030] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the main valve body in the present invention.

[0031] Figure 14 It is a top view of the main valve body in the present invention.

[0032] Figure 15 It is a bottom view of the main valve body of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 16 It is a front cross-sectional view of the main valve body in the present invention.

[0034] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper valve cover in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 18 It is a top view of the upper valve cover in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 19 It is a bottom view of the upper valve cover in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 20 It is a front cross-sectional view of the upper valve cover in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 21 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the outlet valve cover in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 22 It is a top view of the outlet valve cover in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 23 It is a bottom view of the outlet valve cover of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 24 It is a front cross-sectional view of the outlet valve cover of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the diverter plate in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 26 It is a front cross-sectional view of the diverter plate in the present invention.

[0044] Figure 27 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the guide plate in the present invention.

[0045] Figure 28 It is a front cross-sectional view of the guide plate in the present invention.

[0046] Figure 29 It is a front cross-sectional view of the one-way piston in the present invention.

[0047] In the picture:

[0048] 1. Main valve body; 1-1, mounting slot, 1-2, main valve body rectangular slot, 1-3, main valve body vent slot, 1-4, pressure reducing air inlet hole, 1-5, main valve body final stage vent slot, 1-6, air inlet slot, 1-7, one-way piston slot 1;

[0049] 2. Upper valve cover; 2-1. Vent cavity, 2-2. Vent groove on upper valve cover, 2-3. Rectangular groove on upper valve cover, 2-4. O-ring groove;

[0050] 3. Outlet valve cover; 3-1. One-way piston groove 2, 3-2. Gas channel, 3-3. Outlet valve cover gas outlet;

[0051] 4. Valve core with stem; 4-1. Built-in spring chamber 1;

[0052] 5. Valve seat;

[0053] 6. Throttle seat; 6-1. Expanded throttle cavity; 6-2. Valve seat groove;

[0054] 7. Valve core spring;

[0055] 8. Adjustment rod;

[0056] 9. O-ring;

[0057] 10. Manifold; 10-1. Manifold air inlet, 10-2. Manifold air outlet, 10-3. Pressure surface;

[0058] 11. Guide plate; 11-1. Guide plate air inlet; 11-2. Guide plate air outlet;

[0059] 12. Diverter plate spring;

[0060] 13. Pressure chamber;

[0061] 14. One-way piston; 14-1. Built-in spring chamber 2;

[0062] 15. Piston spring;

[0063] 16. Threaded hole;

[0064] 17. Bolts. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0065] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0066] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0067] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature identified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0068] Example:

[0069] See Figures 1 to 29 This embodiment provides a multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients, which is mainly composed of a main valve body 1, an upper valve cover 2, and an outlet valve cover 3, wherein the upper part of the main valve body 1 is connected to the upper valve cover 2, and the lower part is connected to the outlet valve cover 3.

[0070] In further specific embodiments, see Figure 13 、 Figure 17 、 Figure 21 Threaded holes 16 are provided on the main valve body 1 , the upper valve cover 2 and the outlet valve cover 3 , and the upper valve cover 2 and the main valve body 1 , as well as the outlet valve cover 3 and the main valve body 1 , are connected by corresponding bolts 17 .

[0071] Several mounting grooves 1-1 are arranged side by side on the upper part of the main valve body 1. A set of main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanisms is installed in each mounting groove 1-1. A ventilation cavity 2-1 is arranged on the upper valve cover 2 at a position corresponding to each mounting groove 1-1. The air outlet of the ventilation cavity 2-1 is connected to the upper valve cover ventilation groove 2-2 which is also arranged on the upper valve cover 2.

[0072] In this embodiment, the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism includes a stem valve core 4 installed at the lower part of the mounting groove 1-1 and a valve seat 5 and a throttle seat 6 installed at the upper part of the mounting groove 1-1. The cross section of the mounting groove 1-1 is T-shaped. The throttle seat 6 presses the valve seat 5 tightly into the main valve body 1, and the upper valve cover 2 presses the throttle seat 6 tightly onto the main valve body 1. The lower part of the stem valve core 4 is provided with a built-in spring chamber 4-1 (see Figure 7 ), the valve core spring 7 is placed in the built-in spring cavity 1-1 and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove 1-1; the upper part of the stem valve core 4 passes through the valve seat 5 and extends to the expansion throttling cavity 6-1 on the upper part of the throttle seat 6; refer to Figure 11A through channel is provided in the throttle seat 6, the upper part of the channel is the expansion throttle cavity 6-1, and the lower part of the channel is the valve seat groove 6-2.

[0073] An adjusting rod 8 is installed through the position corresponding to the throttle seat 6 on the upper valve cover 2, and the lower end of the adjusting rod 8 extends into the expansion throttling cavity 6-1 through the ventilation cavity 2-1 and presses against the upper rod end of the rod valve core 4; the pressure reducing air inlet hole 1-4 on the main valve body 1 corresponds to the lower part of the connecting mounting groove 1-1, and the gas enters through the pressure reducing air inlet hole 1-4, flows along the gap between the rod valve core 4 and the mounting groove 1-1 to the space between the rod valve core 4 and the valve seat 5 to achieve throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the space between the rod valve core 4 and the throttle seat 6 to achieve expansion and pressure stabilization, and then flows to the space between the adjusting rod 8 and the throttle seat 6 to achieve re-throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the ventilation cavity 2-1 between the adjusting rod 8 and the upper valve cover 2 to achieve re-expansion and pressure stabilization.

[0074] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, there are three sets of main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanisms, that is, the gas in the pressure reducing device can meet the requirements of efficient pressure reduction and pressure stabilization under three pressure gradients.

[0075] In a further specific embodiment, the throttle seat 6 is connected to the main valve body 1 by a threaded connection, and the upper rod body of the adjusting rod 8 is connected to the upper valve cover 2 by a threaded connection; the rod valve core 4 is interference fit with the main valve body 1, and the valve seat 5 is interference fit with the throttle seat 6.

[0076] The regulating rod 8 can adjust the size of the gap formed by the stem valve core 4 and the valve seat 5 by moving up and down to achieve different degrees of pressure relief.

[0077] Taking the threaded connection between the above-mentioned middle adjusting rod 8 and the upper valve cover 2 as an example, when the adjusting rod 8 rotates downward, the gap formed by the valve core 4 with the rod and the valve seat 5 increases, and the pressure relief effect is weakened; when the adjusting rod 8 rotates upward, the valve core spring 7 will push the valve core 4 with the rod upward until it contacts the top of the adjusting rod 8. At this time, the gap formed by the valve core 4 with the rod and the valve seat 5 decreases, and the pressure relief effect is enhanced.

[0078] At the same time, in order to ensure the installation sealing effect between the upper rod body and the upper valve cover 2, this embodiment further installs an O-ring 9 on the regulating rod 8 for sealing, and the upper valve cover 2 is processed with an internal groove cutter to form O-ring grooves 2-4 for convenient installation of the O-ring to complete the sealing. The O-ring 9 is interference fit with the regulating rod 8 and the upper valve cover 2.

[0079] The top of the stem valve core in this embodiment forms a small expansion cavity with the throttle seat 6, which can achieve expansion, buffering and pressure stabilization after throttling. The bottom end of the regulating rod 8 is preferably a regular hexagonal column (see Figure 8 ), the regular hexagonal column and the throttle seat 6 form a local throttling gap ( Figure 12A large expansion cavity is formed between the valve body and the upper valve cover, which can realize throttling and pressure reduction (valve core with stem and valve seat), expansion and pressure stabilization (valve core with stem and throttling seat), further throttling and pressure reduction (adjusting rod and throttling seat), and further expansion and pressure stabilization (adjusting rod and upper valve cover).

[0080] A main valve body rectangular groove 1-2 is also provided on the main valve body 1 between two adjacent installation grooves 1-1, and an upper valve cover rectangular groove 2-3 is provided on the upper valve cover 2 at a position corresponding to each main valve body rectangular groove 1-2. A group of flow diversion and guide mechanisms are correspondingly installed in the large rectangular groove surrounded by the main valve body rectangular groove 1-2 and the upper valve cover rectangular groove 2-3. A main valve body vent groove 1-3 connected to the upper valve cover vent groove 2-2 is provided on the outside of the main valve body rectangular groove 1-2 close to the upper-level main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism.

[0081] A one-way air outlet mechanism is installed on the upper part of the outlet valve cover 3 corresponding to each diversion and guide mechanism. The air outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism is connected to the outlet valve cover gas outlet 3-3 through the gas channel 3-2 opened on the outlet valve cover 3.

[0082] The gas enters the installation groove 1-1 through the pressure reducing air inlet hole 1-4 opened on the main valve body 1, and flows to the upper ventilation cavity 2-1 after completing throttling pressure reduction and expansion pressure stabilization by the main pressure reducing and regulating mechanism in the installation groove 1-1, and then flows into the diversion and diversion mechanism through the upper valve cover ventilation groove 2-2 and the main valve body ventilation groove 1-3. The diversion and diversion mechanism guides the gas to the one-way air outlet mechanism below or the main pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the next stage according to the gas pressure; the gas flowing out of the main pressure reducing and regulating mechanism at the last stage will directly flow to the one-way air outlet mechanism of the last stage through the corresponding ventilation cavity 2-1, the upper valve cover ventilation groove 2-2 and the main valve body last stage ventilation groove 1-5 separately opened at the end.

[0083] In a further specific embodiment, the diversion and guide mechanism includes a diverter plate 10 and a guide plate 11 which are installed side by side in the rectangular groove 1-2 of the main valve body and the upper ends of which extend into the rectangular groove 2-3 of the upper valve cover. The upper end of the guide plate 11 is close to the groove top of the rectangular groove 1-2 of the main valve body. The diverter plate 10 is close to the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the previous stage, and a diverter plate spring 12 is provided between the upper end of the diverter plate 10 and the groove top of the rectangular groove 1-2 of the main valve body, and a pressure chamber 13 is provided between the lower end of the diverter plate 10 and the groove bottom of the rectangular groove 1-2 of the main valve body; the diverter plate 10 is provided with a diverter plate air inlet hole 10-1 and a diverter plate air outlet hole 10-2 which are vertically arranged and aligned with the main valve body ventilation groove 1-3, and the guide plate 11 is provided with a guide plate air inlet hole 11-1 and a guide plate air outlet hole 11-2 (see Figure 25-28 The guide plate 11 in the flow diversion and guide mechanism is transitionally matched with the corresponding main valve body 1, upper valve cover 2, and diverter plate 10.

[0084] Furthermore, the bottom of the main valve body 1 is provided with a one-way piston groove 1-7 connected to the guide plate outlet hole 11-2 at the position corresponding to each diversion and diversion mechanism, and the upper part of the outlet valve cover 3 is provided with a one-way piston groove 2 3-1 at the position corresponding to each diversion and diversion mechanism (see Figure 24 ), the one-way air outlet mechanism includes a one-way piston 14 which is mounted in two corresponding one-way piston grooves. The lower part of the one-way piston 14 is provided with a built-in spring chamber 14-1 (see Figure 29 ), the piston spring 15 is placed in the built-in spring chamber 2 14-1 and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the one-way piston groove 2 3-1; the one-way piston 14 and its corresponding main valve body 1 and outlet valve cover 3 are transitionally matched, and the one-way piston 14 is pressed against the main valve body 1 by the pre-tightening force of the piston spring 15, and is unidirectional, so that the gas in the channel compresses the piston spring 15 and pushes the one-way piston 14 to flow out (such as Figure 3 When the gas flows out from other roads, the one-way piston 14 can also prevent the gas from flowing back from other roads (as shown); Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown).

[0085] When the gas enters the pressure chamber 13 at the bottom of the manifold 10 from the upper valve cover vent groove 2-2 and the main valve body vent groove 1-3, if the gas pressure on the pressure surface 10-3 on the manifold 10 is less than the spring preload force + friction force, the gas enters the guide plate 11 from the manifold plate outlet hole 10-2, and flows out through the guide plate outlet hole 11-2 to the one-way piston 14 in the one-way air outlet mechanism below. After the gas pushes the one-way piston 14 downward and compresses the piston spring 15, it flows into the gas channel 3-2 opened on the outlet valve cover 3 through the outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism, and finally flows out from the outlet valve cover gas outlet 3-3. The flow state is as follows: Figure 3 As shown; if the gas pressure on the pressure surface 10-3 is greater than the spring preload + friction force, the gas compresses the diverter plate spring 12 and pushes the diverter plate 10 upward, and the gas flows in from the diverter plate air inlet 10-1, through the guide plate air inlet 11-1 and the air inlet groove 1-6 opened on the main valve body 1, and the next level of pressure relief air inlet 1-4 into the main body pressure relief and adjustment mechanism of the next level, and continues to complete the pressure relief. The flow state is as shown Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown.

[0086] In this specific embodiment, three adjusting rods 8 are installed on the upper valve cover 2, and three ventilation chambers 2-1 and three upper valve cover ventilation grooves 2-2 are provided to facilitate the decompressed gas to flow into the diversion and guide mechanism through the ventilation chamber 2-1 and the upper valve cover ventilation groove 2-2, and then flow out through the diversion and guide mechanism or flow into the next stage to continue decompression.

[0087] In this specific embodiment, the main valve body 1 is provided with two main valve body vent grooves 1-3 and one main valve body final stage vent groove 1-5 which are respectively connected to the corresponding three upper valve cover vent grooves 2-2, as well as two air inlet grooves 1-6 and three pressure reducing air inlet holes 1-4. Figure 16 B in the middle) and decompression air intake hole 3 (refer to Figure 16 (Pointed to by C in the middle) is processed using an internal groove cutter.

[0088] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. Reference can be made to the common and similar parts between the various embodiments. For the devices disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the method description.

[0089] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients, characterized in that: The venting mechanism of the venting valve is connected to the venting mechanism of the venting valve, and the venting mechanism of the venting valve is connected to the venting mechanism of the venting valve. A one-way air outlet mechanism is installed on the upper part of the cover corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism, and the air outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism is connected to the outlet valve cover gas outlet through the gas channel opened on the outlet valve cover; the gas enters the installation groove through the pressure reducing air inlet hole opened on the main valve body, and the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism in the installation groove completes throttling and pressure reduction and expansion and pressure stabilization after flowing to the ventilation cavity above, and then flows into the diversion and guide mechanism through the upper valve cover ventilation groove and the main valve body ventilation groove. The diversion and guide mechanism guides the gas to the one-way air outlet mechanism below or the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the next stage according to the gas pressure; the gas flowing out of the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism at the last stage will directly flow to the one-way air outlet mechanism of the last stage through the corresponding ventilation cavity, the upper valve cover ventilation groove and the main valve body last-stage ventilation groove separately opened at the end.

2. A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism includes a stem valve core installed at the lower part of the mounting groove, a valve seat and a throttle seat installed at the upper part of the mounting groove. The throttle seat presses the valve seat tightly against the main valve body, and the upper valve cover presses the throttle seat tightly against the main valve body. The lower part of the stem valve core is provided with a built-in spring cavity 1, and the valve core spring is placed in the built-in spring cavity 1 and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the mounting groove. The upper part of the stem valve core passes through the valve seat and extends to the expansion throttle cavity above the throttle seat. An adjusting valve is installed corresponding to the position of the throttle seat on the upper valve cover. The lower end of the regulating rod extends into the expansion throttling cavity through the ventilation cavity and rests against the upper rod end of the stem valve core; the pressure reducing air inlet hole on the main valve body corresponds to the lower part of the connecting mounting groove, and the gas enters through the pressure reducing air inlet hole, flows along the gap between the stem valve core and the mounting groove to the space between the stem valve core and the valve seat to realize throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the space between the stem valve core and the throttling seat to realize expansion and pressure stabilization, and then flows to the space between the regulating rod and the throttling seat to realize re-throttling and pressure reduction, and then flows to the ventilation cavity between the regulating rod and the upper valve cover to realize re-expansion and pressure stabilization.

3. The multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The throttle seat and the main valve body are connected through threads, and the upper rod body of the regulating rod and the upper valve cover are connected through threads.

4. The multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: An O-ring is also sleeved on the regulating rod, and an O-ring groove is correspondingly opened on the upper valve cover. The O-ring, the regulating rod and the upper valve cover are all interference fit.

5. A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The diversion and guide mechanism includes a diverter plate and a guide plate which are installed side by side in the rectangular groove of the main valve body and the upper ends of which extend into the rectangular groove of the upper valve cover. The upper end of the guide plate is close to the groove top of the rectangular groove of the main valve body, and the diverter plate is close to the main body pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the previous stage. A diverter plate spring is arranged between the upper end of the diverter plate and the groove top of the rectangular groove of the main valve body, and a pressure chamber is arranged between the lower end of the diverter plate and the groove bottom of the rectangular groove of the main valve body; the diverter plate is provided with a diverter plate air inlet hole and a diverter plate air outlet hole which are arranged vertically and aligned with the ventilation groove of the main valve body, and the guide plate is provided with a guide plate air inlet hole and a guide plate air outlet hole which are arranged vertically; when the gas flows from the upper valve The cover vent groove and the main valve body vent groove enter the pressure chamber at the bottom of the diverter plate. If the gas pressure on the pressure surface of the diverter plate is less than the spring preload + friction force, the gas enters the guide plate from the diverter plate outlet hole, flows out to the one-way outlet mechanism below through the guide plate outlet hole, and then flows out from the outlet valve cover gas outlet; if the gas pressure on the pressure surface is greater than the spring preload + friction force, the gas compresses the diverter plate spring and pushes the diverter plate upward, and the gas flows in from the diverter plate air inlet hole, through the guide plate air inlet hole and the air inlet groove opened on the main valve body, and the next level of pressure reducing air inlet hole, and flows into the main pressure reducing and regulating mechanism of the next level to continue to complete the pressure reduction.

6. A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A one-way piston groove 1 connected to the air outlet of the guide plate is provided at the bottom of the main valve body corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism, and a one-way piston groove 2 is provided at the upper part of the outlet valve cover corresponding to the position of each diversion and guide mechanism. The one-way air outlet mechanism includes a one-way piston which is mounted in the two one-way piston grooves corresponding to the upper and lower parts. A built-in spring cavity 2 is provided at the lower part of the one-way piston. The piston spring is placed in the built-in spring cavity 2 and the lower end is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the one-way piston groove 2; the one-way piston is pressed against the main valve body by the pre-tightening force of the piston spring and conducts in one direction. After the gas pushes the one-way piston downward and compresses the piston spring, it flows into the gas channel provided on the outlet valve cover through the outlet of the one-way air outlet mechanism and finally flows out from the gas outlet of the outlet valve cover.

7. A multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The regulating rod can adjust the gap between the stem valve core and the valve seat by moving up and down to achieve different degrees of pressure relief.

8. The multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 2, characterized in that: The top end of the stem valve core and the throttle seat form a small expansion cavity, which can achieve expansion, buffering and pressure stabilization after throttling.

9. The multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom end of the regulating rod is a regular hexagonal column, which forms a local throttling gap with the throttle seat and a large-scale expansion cavity with the upper valve cover.

10. The multi-stage pressure reducing device suitable for different pressure gradients according to claim 1, characterized in that: Threaded holes are opened on the main valve body, the upper valve cover and the outlet valve cover. The upper valve cover and the main valve body, as well as the outlet valve cover and the main valve body are connected by corresponding bolts.

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