Anti-explosion relief device for anti-explosion opening of tank body of low-temperature liquid tank box

Abstract

The anti-explosion relief device comprises an outer tank body, the anti-explosion opening is formed in the outer tank body, a relief pipe is connected to the anti-explosion opening, a cover plate is arranged in sealing fit with the relief pipe, one end, far away from the outer tank body, of the relief pipe is a groove end, and the other end, far away from the outer tank body, of the relief pipe is a groove end. The structure of the groove end is a conical concave inclined surface with a high outer edge and a low inner edge of the discharge pipe; the end, facing the explosion-proof opening, of the cover plate is a boss end, and the boss end is a conical convex inclined face attached to the conical concave inclined face. A sealing gasket is arranged between the conical concave inclined surface and the conical convex inclined surface, so that the cover plate forms a surface-contact extrusion sealing structure for the explosion-proof opening; according to the anti-explosion relief device for the anti-explosion opening of the tank body of the low-temperature liquid tank box, planar extrusion contact sealing is formed by the conical surfaces, and compared with linear contact sealing formed by the sealing rings in the prior art, the contact area is larger, and the better sealing effect is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vacuum insulation containers, and in particular to an explosion-proof discharge device for an explosion-proof opening of a low-temperature liquid tank box. Background Art

[0002] Cryogenic liquid tanks are equipment specifically designed for storing and transporting cryogenic liquids (such as liquid oxygen, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, etc.). These tanks are designed with excellent insulation properties to reduce the entry of heat, thereby keeping the internal liquid at a low temperature and preventing it from evaporating. Cryogenic liquid tanks are usually made of stainless steel, which can withstand physical changes under low temperature conditions, and have certain safety measures, such as pressure relief valves, to ensure safety even if unexpected situations occur during transportation or storage.

[0003] Since a large amount of cryogenic liquid is stored in the inner container and the cryogenic liquid carries a certain positive pressure, if the inner container is damaged, the cryogenic liquid will leak into the interlayer space, and quickly absorb heat and vaporize, and expand in volume, causing the pressure in the interlayer space to rise rapidly. At this time, if the pressure in the interlayer space cannot be released in time, the tank will be damaged and even explosion risk will occur.

[0004] In the prior art Figure 7As shown, an explosion-proof port is provided on the outer shell of the tank body, and the explosion-proof port is sealed by a cover plate. The sealing end of the cover plate is provided with multiple circles of sealing rings, so that the cover plate is inserted into the explosion-proof port in an interference fit manner, and the negative pressure in the interlayer space is used to form a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the cover plate, and then the cover plate is pressed against the explosion-proof port to form a seal, and it can be understood that the sealing ring forms a linear contact seal; when the inner container leaks, the pressure in the interlayer space increases, so that the pressure at the explosion-proof port is greater than the external pressure of the cover plate, so that the cover plate is pushed open for pressure relief; its defects are: 1. Although the provision of multiple circles of sealing rings improves the sealing effect, this interference fit method also makes it more difficult to open the cover plate, and the cover plate can often be opened only when the pressure in the interlayer space is higher than the external pressure, thereby forming a situation in which the pressure can be relieved only when the pressure in the interlayer space far exceeds the external pressure, so that the pressure in the interlayer space cannot be relieved in time, which is easy to cause danger. 2. This cover plate structure cannot automatically reset after discharge; the external cap must be removed and then the cover plate must be manually installed and pressed before it can be used again. In order to solve this problem, patent application number: CN202222049308.8, a low-temperature container and its explosion-proof device. The explosion-proof device is arranged on the outer shell of the low-temperature container. The explosion-proof device includes: a cylinder section, a cover plate, a cap, a guide rail assembly and an elastic member. Among them, the guide rail assembly includes a slide rail and a slider that slide with each other, one of the slide rail and the slider is fixedly connected to the cap, and the other is fixedly connected to the cover plate; the elastic member is connected to the cover plate; when the elastic member is in a natural state, the slider extends into the slide rail. The cover is pressed down by an elastic component to reset it on the explosion-proof opening, but the additional elastic component exerts a force on the cover, which undoubtedly increases the pressure required to open the cover, that is, the pressure in the interlayer space must be increased again, and it is necessary not only to overcome the friction resistance of the interference fit of the sealing ring, but also to overcome the pressure exerted by the elastic member in order to open the cover; this will inevitably further increase the pressure relief opening force of the interlayer space; in addition, the interference fit structure of this multi-ring sealing ring is not conducive to secondary sealing after resetting. Under the push of the elastic member, although the cover can be initially covered on the explosion-proof opening, due to the interference fit, the thrust of the spring is not enough to make the cover fit into place. If, in order to overcome this problem, the thrust of the elastic member is increased without limit, it will make the opening of the cover even more difficult.

[0005] In view of the above, it is necessary to propose an explosion-proof relief device for the explosion-proof opening of a cryogenic liquid tank container to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide an explosion-proof discharge device for an explosion-proof opening of a low-temperature liquid tank container.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: an explosion-proof discharge device for an explosion-proof opening of a low-temperature liquid tank container, comprising an outer tank body, an explosion-proof opening on the outer tank body, a discharge pipe connected to the explosion-proof opening, a cover plate sealed with the discharge pipe, the discharge pipe away from the outer tank body is a bevel end, the bevel end is a conical concave slope with a high outer edge and a low inner edge of the discharge pipe; the cover plate is a boss end facing the explosion-proof opening, the boss end is a conical convex slope that fits the conical concave slope; a sealing gasket is provided between the conical concave slope and the conical convex slope, so that the cover plate forms a surface-contact extrusion sealing structure for the explosion-proof opening; The side of the cover plate facing the explosion-proof opening is a first action surface, and the side away from the explosion-proof opening is a second action surface, and the first action surface is smaller than the second action surface; The guide structure is arranged in the explosion-proof opening or between the cover plate and the cover cap, and is used to guide the movement of the cover plate.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure balancing structure, which includes a sleeve portion sleeved on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe, the sleeve portion is coaxially arranged with the discharge pipe, the root of the sleeve portion is sealed and fixedly arranged on the outer tank body, and the other end is an open end. When the cover plate seals the explosion-proof port, the open end fits with the conical convex inclined surface to form a seal for the open end, forming a pressure regulating chamber surrounding the outer periphery of the discharge pipe, and the pressure regulating chamber is filled with pressurized gas, and the thrust exerted by the pressurized gas on the cover plate is used to offset the pressure on the second acting surface.

[0009] Furthermore, an elastic member is provided between the first action surface and the cover cap, and the thrust of the elastic member acts on the first action surface, so that the cover plate is guided by the guide structure to the sealing cover and the explosion-proof port; a charging tube is connected to the sleeve part, and the other end of the charging tube is used for filling pressurized gas.

[0010] Furthermore, the pressure charging tube is also provided with a pressure injection tube, and the pressure injection tube is provided with a sealing valve for cutting off the pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a pre-pressurization control valve, which includes a valve housing, which is fixedly arranged on the outer tank body. The pre-pressurization control valve is provided with a first connecting port and a second connecting port on the valve housing, the first connecting port is connected to the interior of the outer tank body, and the second connecting port is connected to the charging pipe, a pre-pressurization cavity is formed in the valve housing, a valve seat is formed in the pre-pressurization cavity near the first connecting port, a sealing bead that is movable along the axial direction is provided in the pre-pressurization cavity, the sealing bead presses against the valve seat to form a seal, and a top pressure spring is also provided in the pre-pressurization cavity, one end of the top pressure spring is arranged on the second connecting port side, and the other end presses against the sealing bead; the sealing bead is configured to always have a tendency to move close to the valve seat when pushed by the top pressure spring.

[0012] Furthermore, the elastic part includes a cylinder structure, which includes a cylinder body and a cylinder rod. The cylinder body is fixedly arranged on the cover cap, and the cylinder rod is movably and telescopically arranged in the cylinder body. The extended end of the cylinder rod is vertically connected to the center of the cap. The cylinder body and the pressure charging tube are connected through a balance tube. The pressurized gas enters the cylinder body through the balance tube so that the cylinder rod has a tendency to always push the cover plate to seal the explosion-proof port.

[0013] Furthermore, a pressure injection pipe is connected to one end of the pressure charging tube, a delayed air intake valve is provided on the pressure charging tube, a partition plate is provided inside the delayed air intake valve, and at least one micro hole is penetrated through the partition plate.

[0014] Furthermore, the elastic member also includes a return spring, and the elastic force of the return spring is applied to the cover plate, so that the cover plate is configured to always have a tendency to move toward the explosion-proof opening.

[0015] Furthermore, the area of ​​the circular ring formed by the cross section of the pressure regulating chamber is not larger than the area of ​​the piston in the cylinder structure.

[0016] Furthermore, the combined force of the thrust F1 formed by the pressurized gas acting on the cylinder structure and the elastic force F2 of the return spring acting on the cover plate is F3, and the thrust formed by the pressurized gas entering the pressure regulating chamber on the cover plate is F4, so that F3=F4.

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The explosion-proof relief device for the explosion-proof opening of a low-temperature liquid tank box of the present invention uses a conical surface to form a planar extrusion contact seal. Compared with the linear contact seal formed by the sealing ring in the prior art, it has a larger contact area and achieves a better sealing effect.

[0018] 2. The formed conical extrusion contact seal can make the cover plate more flexible when opening, and will not cause the danger of pressure build-up or even explosion in the interlayer space.

[0019] 3. The pressure regulating chamber is set up to adjust and control the opening force of the cover. If the explosion-proof relief device needs to be opened and discharged at a lower pressure, a relatively high pressure can be filled into the pressure regulating chamber; on the contrary, if the opening pressure needs to be increased, the pressure regulating chamber can also be evacuated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of position change of the explosion-proof discharge device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of position change of the explosion-proof discharge device in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-charge control valve in the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof discharge device in Embodiment 5 of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof discharge device in Embodiment 6 of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof discharge device in Embodiment 7 of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of an explosion-proof discharge device in the prior art; In the figure: 1, outer tank; 2, explosion-proof port; 3, discharge pipe; 4, cover plate; 5, groove end; 6, concave tapered slope; 7, convex tapered slope; 8, boss end; 9, sealing gasket; 10, first action surface; 11, second action surface; 12, sleeve part; 13, pressure regulating chamber; 14, elastic member; 15, charging pipe; 16, pressure injection pipe; 17, sealing valve; 18, pre-charge control valve; 19, valve housing; 20, first A connecting port; 21. A second connecting port; 22. A pre-pressurized cavity; 23. A valve seat; 24. A sealing bead; 25. A pressure spring; 26. A cylinder structure; 27. A cylinder body; 28. A cylinder rod; 29. ​​A balance pipe; 30. A delayed intake valve; 31. A partition plate; 32. A micropore; 33. A return spring; 34. A cap; 35. A guide structure; 36. A guide rod; 37. A guide sleeve; 38. An opening end; 39. A switching valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Embodiment 1: An explosion-proof relief device for the explosion-proof opening of a cryogenic liquid tank container, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes an outer tank body 1, an explosion-proof opening 2 is provided on the outer tank body 1, a discharge pipe 3 is connected to the explosion-proof opening 2, and a cover plate 4 is provided to seal and cooperate with the discharge pipe 3. In actual use, the cryogenic liquid tank is also provided with an inner tank body, and a sandwich space is formed between the outer tank body 1 and the inner tank body. When transporting cryogenic liquid, the sandwich space is evacuated to form a negative pressure relative to the outside, thereby achieving a heat insulation effect; Figure 1 As shown, an explosion-proof opening 2 and a discharge pipe 3 are provided in the outer tank body 1 for explosion-proof discharge after the pressure in the interlayer space increases abnormally.

[0023] In this embodiment, the end of the discharge pipe 3 away from the outer tank body 1 is a groove end 5, and the structure of the groove end 5 is a conical concave slope 6 with a high outer edge and a low inner edge of the discharge pipe 3; the groove end 5 of the discharge pipe 3 forms a conical concave surface with a concave center. The end of the cover plate 4 facing the explosion-proof port 2 is a boss end 8, and the boss end 8 is a conical convex slope 7 that fits the concave concave surface 6; Figure 1 As shown in (B), when the cover plate 4 is covered on the discharge pipe 3, the concave and convex conical surfaces are mutually fitted to perform sealing. Furthermore, a sealing gasket 9 is provided between the concave concave surface 6 and the conical convex surface 7. It can be understood that the sealing gasket 9 can be provided on the concave concave surface 6 or the conical convex surface 7 alone, or can be provided on both conical surfaces at the same time, so that the cover plate 4 forms a surface contact extrusion sealing structure for the explosion-proof port 2; when the cover plate 4 is fitted on the discharge pipe 3, since the interlayer space is under negative pressure and the outside is under atmospheric pressure, the pressure Under the action of the force difference, the cover plate 4 can be firmly squeezed and fitted on the discharge pipe 3 to form a good seal; and the sealing contact surface is a sloped surface, which can not only increase the sealing contact area, but also form a more reliable effect of squeezing the seal due to the design of the slope; when in use, if the pressure in the interlayer space rises abnormally, the increase in internal pressure can directly push the cover plate 4 away from the outlet of the discharge pipe 3. It can be understood that the effect of the tapered slope surface design in this embodiment is that the squeezing sealing effect is good and the push-opening is easy, which is compared with the prior art such as Figure 7 As shown, by adopting the sealing method of interference fit of the sealing ring, the cover plate 4 can be opened more easily in this embodiment, and its opening force is relatively small, so that there is no danger of pressure build-up or even explosion in the interlayer space.

[0024] The side of the cover plate 4 facing the explosion-proof opening 2 is a first action surface 10, and the side away from the explosion-proof opening 2 is a second action surface 11, and the first action surface 10 is smaller than the second action surface 11; Preferably, a guide structure 35 may be further provided, which is disposed in the explosion-proof opening 2 or between the cover plate 4 and the cap 34 to guide the movement of the cover plate 4. Figure 3 As shown, a guide rod 36 is provided at the center of the first action surface 10 of the cover plate 4, and a guide sleeve 37 is provided inside the discharge pipe 3 along the axis. The guide sleeve 37 is fixedly connected to the discharge pipe 3 by support rods on all sides, and the guide rod 36 slides through the guide shaft arrangement; as another embodiment, the guide rod 36 can be arranged on the second action surface 11 of the cover plate 4, and the guide sleeve 37 can be arranged on the cover cap 34, which can also achieve the guiding function; it can be understood that the two methods can be set either one or both.

[0025] Embodiment 2: As an improvement, a pressure balancing structure is also included, which includes a sleeve portion 12 sleeved on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 3, such as Figure 2 As shown in (A), the sleeve portion 12 is coaxially arranged with the discharge pipe 3, the root of the sleeve portion 12 is sealed and fixedly arranged on the outer tank body 1, and the other end is an open end 38; when the cover plate 4 seals the explosion-proof port 2, the open end 38 is fitted with the conical convex inclined surface 7 to form a seal on the open end 38, as shown in FIG. Figure 2As shown in (B), a pressure regulating chamber 13 is formed around the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 3. The pressure regulating chamber 13 is filled with pressurized gas. The thrust exerted by the pressurized gas on the cover plate 4 is used to offset the pressure on the second action surface 11.

[0026] It can be understood that the pressure acting on the second surface is F 外 The pressure acting on the first action surface is F 内 ,

[0027] F 外 =P0×S 外 ; Where P0 is the atmospheric pressure, S 外 Equivalent to the area of ​​the second action surface; F 内 = F a +F b ; F a =P 夹层空间 ×S 泄放管 ; F b =P 套管部 ×S 套管部 ; In the formula, F a F is the pressure of the interlayer space acting on the first action surface of the cover plate; b is the pressure exerted by the sleeve portion on the first action surface side of the cover plate; P 夹层空间 is the pressure in the interlayer space, S 泄放管 Equivalent to the cross-sectional area of ​​the discharge pipe; P 套管部 is the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber, S 套管部 Equivalent to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber; When the first embodiment is used, the opening force of the cover 4 is completely provided by the pressure increase in the interlayer space. The cover 4 can only be pushed open when the pressure in the interlayer space is greater than the external atmospheric pressure. If the pressure in the interlayer space rises slowly, the cover 4 will not be opened within the time range of the pressure rise. This can easily cause delayed pressure relief and late discovery. In this embodiment, an improved pressure regulating chamber 13 is provided, and pressurized gas is filled inside the chamber so that the inside of the chamber has a certain energy pressure Fb, thereby reducing the opening force when the interlayer space opens the cover 4. When a small pressure is generated in the interlayer space, the cover 4 can be bounced open for pressure relief, so that leakage can be discovered and handled early, avoiding the risk of pressure accumulation in the interlayer space.

[0028] In addition, it is understandable that, on the contrary, a negative pressure operation can be performed in the pressure regulating chamber 13 to increase the squeezing and sealing force of the cover plate 4 on the explosion-proof port 2. In this case, on the contrary, the opening force of the interlayer space on the cover plate 4 will be increased; this embodiment can be applied to some special occasions of liquid tank containers.

[0029] In summary, this embodiment can precisely control the opening force of the interlayer space on the cover plate 4 by controlling the internal pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 13; when the internal pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 13 increases relatively, the opening force decreases; if the internal pressure of the pressure regulating chamber 13 decreases relatively, the opening force increases; the sleeve portion 12 is connected with a pressure charging pipe 15, and the other end of the pressure charging pipe 15 is used to fill the pressurized gas. The pressure charging pipe 15 is also provided with a pressure injection pipe 16, and the pressure injection pipe 16 is provided with a sealing valve 17 for cutting off the pipeline; during operation, the pressure inside the pressure regulating chamber 13 can be controlled by the pressure charging pipe 15, and the sealing valve 17 is used to cut off and maintain its internal pressure.

[0030] Embodiment three: An elastic member 14 is provided between the first action surface 10 and the cover cap 34, and the thrust of the elastic member 14 acts on the first action surface 10, so that the cover plate 4 is guided by the guide structure 35 to the sealing cover and the explosion-proof port 2; in embodiments 1 and 2, the cover plate 4 is not easy to automatically reset after being popped open. As an improvement of embodiment 2, the elastic member 14 provided in this embodiment releases the pressure of the interlayer space when the cover plate 4 is opened. When the internal pressure is not enough to lift the cover plate 4, the cover plate 4 is pushed along the direction of the guide structure 35 under the action of the elastic member 14 to cover the cover plate 4 and the discharge pipe 3; it can be understood that the elastic member 14 can be a spring.

[0031] Embodiment 4: As an improvement, a pre-charge control valve 18 is further included, which includes a valve housing 19, the valve housing 19 is fixedly arranged on the outer tank body 1, and the pre-charge control valve 18 is provided with a first connection port 20 and a second connection port 21 on the valve housing 19, the first connection port 20 is connected to the interior of the outer tank body 1, and the second connection port 21 is connected to the charging pipe 15, and a pre-charge cavity 22 is formed in the valve housing 19; Figure 3As shown, in the aforementioned third embodiment, after the cover plate 4 is opened for the first time to release pressure, the pre-filled pressurized gas in the pressure regulating chamber 13 is released, and when the cover plate 4 is pressed against the discharge pipe 3 again by the spring, the thrust of the pressure regulating chamber 13 on the cover plate 4 is reduced when the cover plate 4 is opened for the second time, that is, the Fb force is reduced, and accordingly, when the cover plate 4 is opened, Fa needs to be increased; in this embodiment, the pre-pressurization control valve 18 is used to supplement this opening force in advance, specifically, a valve seat 23 is formed in the pre-pressurization chamber 22 near the first connecting port 20, and a sealing bead 24 that is movable in the axial direction is provided in the pre-pressurization chamber 22, and the sealing bead 24 is pressed against the valve seat 23 to form a seal, and a top pressure spring 25 is also provided in the pre-pressurization chamber 22, and one end of the top pressure spring 25 is arranged on the second connecting port 21 side, and the other end is pressed against the sealing bead 24; the sealing bead 24 is configured to be pushed by the top pressure spring 25 and always has a tendency to move close to the valve seat 23. In actual use, the opening force of the sealing bead 24 is designed to be easier to open than the cover plate 4, that is, the sealing bead 24 is opened first before the cover plate 4 (using a top pressure spring 25 with appropriate elastic force). In use, when the pressure in the interlayer space rises, it first passes through the pre-charge control valve 18 and enters the pressure regulating chamber 13, causing the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 13 to rise, and Fb also increases accordingly, so that the opening force of the interlayer space on the cover plate 4 is reduced during the process of opening the cover plate 4. It can actually be understood that during the process of opening the cover plate 4, the pressure in the interlayer space acts on the increase of the side area of ​​the first action surface 10.

[0032] Embodiment five: As an improvement, the elastic member 14 includes a cylinder structure 26. It is understandable that the cylinder structure 26 also has a guiding function. Figure 4As shown, the cylinder structure 26 includes a cylinder body 27 and a cylinder rod 28. The cylinder body 27 is fixedly arranged on the cover cap 34, and the cylinder rod 28 is movably and telescopically arranged in the cylinder body 27. The protruding end of the cylinder rod 28 is vertically connected to the center of the cover cap 34. The cylinder body 27 is connected to the charging tube 15 through a balance tube 29. The pressurized gas enters the cylinder body 27 through the balance tube 29, so that the cylinder rod 28 has a tendency to always push the cover plate 4 to seal the explosion-proof port 2. Specifically, a pressure injection pipe 16 is connected to one end of the charging pipe 15. In the present embodiment, pressurized gas is filled into the charging pipe 15 and the balance pipe 29 through the pressure injection pipe 16, and the cylinder structure 26 can be controlled to press the cover plate 4 against the discharge pipe 3 for sealing. It should be noted that during charging, the gas enters the pressure regulating chamber 13 through the charging pipe 15, and its open end 38 is open at this time, so the pressure completely leaks out and cannot drive the cylinder to move. Therefore, a delayed intake valve 30 is provided on the charging pipe 15, and a partition plate 31 is provided inside the delayed intake valve 30, and at least one microhole 32 is penetrated through the partition plate 31. At this time, when the pressure is charged, the gas is blocked by the partition plate 31 (due to the setting of the micropores 32, the leakage on the partition plate 31 is small), and the gas enters the cylinder structure 26 first, pressing the cover plate 4 down to seal the open end 38; when the cylinder structure 26 is completed, the gas passes through the micropores 32 to make the pressure inside the pressure regulating chamber 13 rise to the same as the pressure inside the cylinder structure 26. The effect of this embodiment is that the cover plate 4 can be automatically closed after ventilation, and then as the pressure of the two is balanced, the forces are offset against each other, thereby reducing the opening force of the interlayer space on the cover plate 4; when the Fb force rises, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 13 is equal to the pressure in the cylinder body 27. If the pressure regulating chamber 13 and the pressure regulating chamber 13 are the same, the force of the cylinder body 27 on the cover plate 4 and the force of the pressure regulating chamber 13 on the second action surface 11 can offset each other; there are three final results of the offset, which depend on the ratio of the area of ​​the cylinder piston to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber 13. First, when the area of ​​the cylinder side piston is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber 13, the force of the cylinder body 27 is larger; second, when the area of ​​the cylinder side piston is equal to the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber 13, the forces on both sides are equal and offset; third, when the area of ​​the cylinder side piston is smaller than the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber 13, the force on the pressure regulating chamber 13 is larger; in actual use, it can be appropriately selected according to customer needs. The annular area formed by the cross-section of the pressure regulating chamber 13 is not larger than the piston area in the cylinder structure 26, so that the force on the pressure regulating chamber 13 side can be smaller than the force of the cylinder.

[0033] Embodiment six: Further, as an improvement to the fifth embodiment, the elastic member 14 further includes a reset spring 33, the elastic force of the reset spring 33 is applied to the cover plate 4, so that the cover plate 4 is configured to always have a tendency to move toward the explosion-proof opening 2. The fifth embodiment After the cover plate 4 is opened, if the sealing valve 17 is not pressurized, the cover plate 4 is not easy to automatically reset. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a return spring 33 is added, under the action of which the cover plate 4 is pushed back to achieve preliminary sealing;

[0034] Specifically, after the pressure is charged through the sealing valve 17, the thrust F1 formed by the pressure gas acting on the cylinder structure 26 and the elastic force F2 of the return spring 33 on the cover plate 4 is F3, and the thrust F4 formed by the pressure gas entering the pressure regulating chamber 13 on the cover plate 4 is F4. If F3=F4, the thrust of the interlayer space when the cover plate 4 is first opened can be in a lower state, which is not affected by the combined force of the cylinder and the return spring 33, so that the cover plate 4 forms a suspended state, and the sealing of the cover plate 4 is only affected by the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the outer tank body 1. If F3=F4, the cross-sectional area of ​​the pressure regulating chamber 13 is larger than the area of ​​the cylinder piston, and the elastic force of the return spring 33 is offset by the redundant area.

[0035] Embodiment seven: In the sixth embodiment, when the cover plate 4 is opened, the pressure in the balance pipe 29 is released, and the cylinder cannot push the cover plate 4 to reset. The advantage is that the pressure in the interlayer space can be released at one time and then reset manually; the disadvantage is that for some use scenarios where the interlayer space has a certain internal pressure, it cannot be automatically reset after the pressure is released, which affects the maintenance of the pressure in the interlayer space. As an improvement, Figure 6 As shown, on the basis of Example 5, the pre-pressurization control valve 18 pipeline design in Example 4 is combined, and a switching valve 39 is set between the upper end of the pre-pressurization control valve 18 and the pressure injection pipe 16. The actual operation method is to close the switching valve 39 before charging through the sealing valve 17, so that the cover plate 4 is closed, and the pressure enters the pressure regulating chamber 13 from the delayed air intake valve 30 and then flows back into the pre-pressurization control valve 18. After the pressure filling is completed, the sealing valve 17 is closed and the switching valve 39 is opened; the control effect produced is that after the pressure in the interlayer space increases and the pressure is released by the cover plate 4, the delayed air intake valve 30 is closed. The micropores 32 in 30 release pressure slowly and the pressure of the return spring 33 limits the opening speed of the cover 4. By connecting the pipeline of the pre-pressurization control valve 18, the pressure in the cylinder can be quickly released through the pipeline, thereby accelerating the opening of the cover 4. When the pressure in the interlayer space is reduced, the cover 4 is closed under the pressure of the return spring 33, so that the opening of the cover 4 is achieved more quickly, and the pressure control of the interlayer space is more precise; after the return spring 33 is automatically reset, the pressure in the pressure regulating chamber 13 is reduced, and at this time, it is automatically controlled by the pre-pressurization control valve 18 with reference to the control method of Example 4.

[0036] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof discharge device for an explosion-proof opening of a low-temperature liquid tank, comprising an outer tank (1), an explosion-proof opening (2) being provided on the outer tank (1), a discharge pipe (3) being connected to the explosion-proof opening (2), and a cover plate (4) being provided in sealing cooperation with the discharge pipe (3), characterized in that: The end of the discharge pipe (3) away from the outer tank body (1) is a groove end (5), and the structure of the groove end (5) is a conical concave inclined surface (6) with a high outer edge and a low inner edge of the discharge pipe (3); the end of the cover plate (4) facing the explosion-proof opening (2) is a boss end (8), and the boss end (8) is a conical convex inclined surface (7) that fits the conical concave inclined surface (6); a sealing gasket (9) is provided between the conical concave inclined surface (6) and the conical convex inclined surface (7), so that the cover plate (4) forms a surface-contact extrusion sealing structure with the explosion-proof opening (2); The side of the cover plate (4) facing the explosion-proof opening (2) is a first action surface (10), and the side away from the explosion-proof opening (2) is a second action surface (11), and the first action surface (10) is smaller than the second action surface (11); A guide structure (35) is arranged in the explosion-proof opening (2) or between the cover plate (4) and the cover cap (34) and is used to guide the movement of the cover plate (4).

2. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pressure balancing structure, which comprises a sleeve portion (12) sleeved on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe (3), the sleeve portion (12) being coaxially arranged with the discharge pipe (3), the root of the sleeve portion (12) being sealed and fixedly arranged on the outer tank body (1), and the other end being an open end (38), and when the cover plate (4) seals the explosion-proof opening (2), the open end (38) and the conical convex inclined surface (7) are fitted to form a seal on the open end (38), thereby forming a pressure regulating chamber (13) surrounding the outer periphery of the discharge pipe (3), and the pressure regulating chamber (13) is filled with pressurized gas, and the thrust exerted by the pressurized gas on the cover plate (4) is used to offset the pressure on the second action surface (11).

3. The explosion-proof relief device for the explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 2, characterized in that: An elastic member (14) is provided between the first action surface (10) and the cover cap (34), and the thrust of the elastic member (14) acts on the first action surface (10), so that the cover plate (4) is guided by the guide structure (35) to the sealing cover and the explosion-proof opening (2); a charging tube (15) is connected to the sleeve portion (12), and the other end of the charging tube (15) is used for charging pressurized gas.

4. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pressure charging pipe (15) is also provided with a pressure injection pipe (16), and the pressure injection pipe (16) is provided with a sealing valve (17) for cutting off the pipeline.

5. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The invention also comprises a pre-charge control valve (18), which comprises a valve housing (19), the valve housing (19) being fixedly mounted on the outer tank body (1), the pre-charge control valve (18) being provided with a first connection port (20) and a second connection port (21) on the valve housing (19), the first connection port (20) being connected to the interior of the outer tank body (1), the second connection port (21) being connected to the pressure charging pipe (15), a pre-charge cavity (22) being formed in the valve housing (19), and a pre-charge cavity (22) being provided in the pre-charge cavity (22) near the first connection port. A valve seat (23) is formed at the interface (20), and a sealing bead (24) movable in the axial direction is provided in the pre-pressurizing chamber (22), and the sealing bead (24) is pressed against the valve seat (23) to form a seal. A pressure spring (25) is also provided in the pre-pressurizing chamber (22), and one end of the pressure spring (25) is arranged on the second connecting port (21) side, and the other end is pressed against the sealing bead (24); the sealing bead (24) is configured to always have a tendency to move closer to the valve seat (23) when pushed by the pressure spring (25).

6. The explosion-proof relief device for the explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic member (14) comprises a cylinder structure (26), wherein the cylinder structure (26) comprises a cylinder body (27) and a cylinder rod (28), wherein the cylinder body (27) is fixedly arranged on the cover (34), and the cylinder rod (28) is movably and telescopically arranged in the cylinder body (27), wherein the extended end of the cylinder rod (28) is vertically connected to the center of the cover (34), and the cylinder body (27) and the pressure charging pipe (15) are connected via a balance pipe (29), and the pressurized gas enters the cylinder body (27) through the balance pipe (29), so that the cylinder rod (28) has a tendency to always push the cover plate (4) to seal the explosion-proof opening (2).

7. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the pressure charging tube (15) is connected to a pressure injection tube (16), the pressure charging tube (15) is provided with a delayed air intake valve (30), a partition plate (31) is provided inside the delayed air intake valve (30), and at least one micro hole (32) is penetrated through the partition plate (31).

8. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic member (14) further comprises a return spring (33), wherein the elastic force of the return spring (33) is applied to the cover plate (4), so that the cover plate (4) is configured to always have a tendency to move towards the explosion-proof opening (2).

9. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 6, characterized in that: The annular area formed by the cross section of the pressure regulating chamber (13) is no larger than the piston area in the cylinder structure (26).

10. An explosion-proof relief device for an explosion-proof opening (2) of a cryogenic liquid tank container according to claim 8, characterized in that: The resultant force of the thrust F1 formed by the pressurized gas acting on the cylinder structure (26) and the elastic force F2 of the return spring (33) acting on the cover plate (4) is F3, and the thrust F4 formed by the pressurized gas entering the pressure regulating chamber (13) on the cover plate (4) is F4, so that F3=F4.

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