Waste oil porous medium combustion water heater

Abstract

The invention relates to a waste oil porous medium combustion water heater, and relates to the technical field of combustion furnaces. Comprising a combustion furnace and an air distributor vertically arranged in the combustion furnace, and air openings are regularly formed in the air distributor; an oval combustion groove is formed in the bottom of the combustion furnace, a porous medium is arranged in the combustion groove, and the porous medium is formed by stacking ceramic spherical particles and forms a uniform pore structure. By means of the air distributor of the inverted-T-shaped structure and the regularly-arranged air holes, it is ensured that air sent out of the air distributor is diffused to the surrounding space in a more uniform mode, and the oil-gas mixing uniformity and the combustion efficiency are further improved; ceramic spherical particles are stacked to form a uniform pore structure, so that heat transfer can be more effectively hindered, thermal stress is reduced, the heat-resistant stability of the material is improved, surrounding waste oil fuel can be preheated by utilizing the good heat conduction performance of the porous medium, combustion reaction is uniformly performed in the whole porous medium, and the heat-resistant performance of the material is improved. And a super-adiabatic combustion state is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of combustion furnaces, in particular to a waste oil porous medium combustion hot water furnace. Background Art

[0002] With the world paying close attention to environmental protection and sustainable development, it is extremely important to find efficient methods for energy utilization and pollutant treatment.

[0003] As a common industrial and domestic waste, the rational treatment of waste oil has always been a major challenge. With the acceleration of industrialization and the continuous growth of energy demand, the large amount of calorific value contained in waste oil can be released through combustion to reduce the pressure of energy demand. However, since the existing combustion equipment cannot ensure the full combustion of waste oil, a large amount of heat energy cannot be effectively utilized; moreover, the combustion of waste oil, especially incomplete combustion, will produce a large amount of flue gas, which contains a variety of pollutants, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, etc. For this reason, we provide a waste oil porous media combustion water heater. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a waste oil porous medium combustion water heater.

[0005] The technical problems solved by the present invention are:

[0006] In the prior art, waste oil fuel is not fully burned and nitrogen oxide pollution is serious;

[0007] The prior art has the problem that porous media have low thermal stability under high temperature conditions and the porous structure is easily destroyed.

[0008] The present invention can be implemented by the following technical scheme: a waste oil porous medium combustion water heater, comprising a combustion furnace and a blower vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, the blower being an inverted T-shaped structure, and the side walls around the vertical part of the blower are evenly provided with air outlets distributed in a central symmetrical manner, and the two opposite sides of the horizontal part are provided with air outlet groups distributed in a central symmetrical manner;

[0009] An elliptical combustion groove is arranged at the bottom of the combustion furnace, and a porous medium is arranged in the combustion groove. The porous medium is formed by stacking ceramic spherical particles to form a uniform pore structure.

[0010] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that an exhaust gas treatment device is arranged on one side of the top of the combustion furnace, and a connecting pipe connecting the exhaust gas treatment device and the combustion furnace is arranged between the two, and the connecting pipe is inclined at a certain angle, and the horizontal height of the end connected to the combustion furnace is higher than the end connected to the exhaust gas treatment device to prevent dirty liquid from entering the interior of the combustion furnace.

[0011] The further technical improvement of the present invention is that a centrifugal water mist nozzle is installed at the center of the exhaust gas treatment device and above the connecting pipe, and a metal filter is arranged directly below the centrifugal water mist nozzle; a control valve is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust gas treatment device.

[0012] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that a feeding device is arranged on the outside of the combustion furnace, the feeding device comprises a waste oil tank and an oil collector connected thereto, the end of the oil collector away from the waste oil tank is connected to the combustion groove through an oil delivery branch pipe, and a control valve is arranged on the oil delivery branch pipe.

[0013] The further technical improvement of the present invention is that an ignition port is provided below the combustion furnace, the ignition port is 100 to 300 mm away from the bottom of the combustion furnace, and the ignition port is arranged in a direction inclined downward at 30 to 60 degrees to the horizontal plane.

[0014] The further technical improvement of the present invention is that: the outer wall of the combustion furnace is spirally wound with multiple layers of circulating water pipes, and the water inlet method of the circulating water pipes is top-in and bottom-out; the outer side of the circulating water pipe also includes a rock wool insulation layer for thermal insulation.

[0015] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that one side of the top of the air distributor is fixed to the side wall of the combustion furnace and is connected to the fan outside the combustion furnace through an air duct.

[0016] A further technical improvement of the present invention is that the porous medium is composed of one or more materials selected from metal oxides, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide and silicon carbide.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. Under the action of the fan, the air enters the furnace body through the air distributor along the air holes, forming an air flow vortex in the furnace body, which enhances the air flow disturbance in the furnace. Under the action of the air flow, the waste oil and air are fully mixed. The regularly arranged air holes can ensure that the air sent from the air distributor is diffused to the surrounding space in a relatively uniform manner, thereby improving the uniformity of oil and gas mixing and thus improving the combustion efficiency.

[0019] 2. The alkali solution is centrifugally rotated by the centrifugal water mist nozzle and is broken down into extremely fine droplets, which can better react with harmful substances in the flue gas. At the same time, the alkali solution evenly adhered to the surface of the metal filter can react with the flue gas for a second time, further reducing the possibility of harmful flue gas being discharged outdoors;

[0020] 3. Compared with other media with porous physical structures, the present invention adopts the method of stacking ceramic spherical particles to form a pore structure with smaller pore size and uniform distribution, which can more effectively hinder heat transfer and reduce the generation of thermal stress, thereby improving the thermal stability of the material;

[0021] 4. After the waste oil fuel and air enter the combustion area through the pores of the porous medium, the heat generated by the combustion is absorbed by the porous medium, preheating the surrounding waste oil fuel and further promoting the combustion reaction to continue; at the same time, with the good thermal conductivity of the porous medium, the heat can be transferred to the surrounding waste oil fuel and air, so that the combustion reaction is evenly carried out in the entire porous medium, achieving a super-adiabatic combustion state, effectively reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx), improving combustion efficiency and combustion speed, and reducing pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall connection structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the air distributor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the tail gas treatment device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic top view of the metal filter screen of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the flow field of the bottom section of the air distributor of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. combustion furnace; 2. exhaust gas treatment device; 3. metal filter; 4. centrifugal water mist nozzle; 5. air distributor; 6. circulating water pipe; 7. air hole; 8. ignition port; 9. combustion groove; 10. porous medium; 11. oil delivery branch pipe; 12. oil collector; 13. fan; 14. control valve; 15. waste oil tank; 16. feeding device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0030] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, a waste oil porous medium combustion hot water boiler comprises a combustion furnace 1 and an air distributor 5 vertically arranged in the middle of the combustion furnace 1, and one side of the top of the air distributor 5 is connected to and fixed on the side wall of the combustion furnace 1 and is connected to a fan 13 outside the combustion furnace 1 through an air duct;

[0031] A tail gas treatment device 2 is connected to one side of the top of the combustion furnace 1;

[0032] A combustion groove 9 is provided at the bottom of the combustion furnace 1. The combustion groove 9 is elliptical in shape, and a porous medium 10 is placed in the combustion groove 9.

[0033] A feeding device 16 is also provided on one side of the combustion furnace 1. The feeding device 16 includes a waste oil tank 15 and an oil collector 12 connected thereto. One end of the oil collector 12 away from the waste oil tank 15 is connected to the combustion groove 9 through an oil delivery branch pipe 11. A control valve 14 is provided between the waste oil tank 15 and the oil collector 12, and between the oil collector 12 and the combustion groove 9.

[0034] An ignition port 8 is provided below the combustion furnace 1. The horizontal height of the ignition port 8 is 100 to 300 mm from the bottom of the combustion furnace 1. The ignition direction of the ignition port 8 is inclined downward at an angle of 30 to 60 degrees to the horizontal plane.

[0035] The combustion furnace 1 is surrounded by a multi-layer circulating water pipe 6 wound around its outer wall. In this embodiment, the diameter of the circulating water pipe 6 is set to 18-25 mm, the pipe wall is 1-5 mm, the pitch between the multi-layer circulating water pipes 6 is 10-20 mm, and the circulating water flow mode of the circulating water pipe 6 adopts the flow form of top-in and bottom-out. The water output of the circulating water in the circulating water pipe 6 is 1100-1700 L / h;

[0036] The outer side of the combustion furnace 1 is wrapped with a 1-3 mm rock wool insulation layer, and the circulating water pipe 6 is also wrapped inside; the rock wool has a low thermal conductivity and good thermal insulation performance, and can effectively prevent the transfer of heat.

[0037] More specifically, the middle part of the air distributor 5 located in the burner 1 is set to an inverted T-shaped structure, the pipe of the air distributor 5 is set to be square or round, and is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 2 to 8 mm; the side walls of the vertical pipe of the air distributor 5 are evenly provided with centrally symmetrical air holes 7, and the two side surfaces of the inverted horizontal head of the air distributor 5 are provided with centrally symmetrical air hole groups, and the air hole groups include multiple air holes 7 evenly arranged horizontally; it should be noted that the diameter of the air holes distributed on the air distributor 5 is 3 to 4 mm, the distance between two adjacent air holes 7 in the vertical part of the air distributor is 70 mm, and the distance between the holes in the horizontal part is 22 mm.

[0038] The reason for such arrangement is to form a vortex airflow in the combustion furnace 1, thereby enhancing the airflow disturbance in the combustion furnace 1, and the waste oil and air are fully mixed under the action of the airflow, and the regularly arranged air holes 7 can ensure that the air sent from the air distributor 5 is diffused to the surrounding space in a relatively uniform manner, further improving the combustion efficiency. The main reasons for the generation of vortex airflow include:

[0039] Based on Bernoulli's principle, the air flow rate at the outlet of the air hole 7 is faster and the pressure is lower, while the air pressure in the surrounding environment is relatively high. This pressure difference will prompt the air to flow to the outlet of the air hole, thereby forming a flow trend of the air flow; at the same time, on the surface of the air distributor 1, the curved surface design around the air hole 7 makes it easier for the outflowing air to flow along the surface. This flow along the curved surface will change the flow direction of the air, thereby helping to form a vortex airflow.

[0040] The combustion reaction in the combustion furnace 1 causes the hot air flow generated by the combustion to rise, and interacts with the cold air flowing out of the air distributor 5 to form a complex air flow pattern. The rising hot air flow and the inflow of cold air interact with each other, which helps to form and maintain the vortex airflow.

[0041] When the air collides with the inner wall of the combustion furnace 1 through the centrally symmetrical air holes 7, vortex and swirl phenomena will occur. These local vortices will interact with the airflow flowing out of the air distributor 5, further enhancing the strength and stability of the vortex airflow.

[0042] In summary, when air enters the combustion furnace 1 through the air hole 7, it is subjected to the stress of the airflow generated by the combustion on the one hand, and the force of the impact on the inner wall of the combustion furnace 1 on the other hand. The two combine to form an airflow vortex. The airflow field generated by the air blown out of the air hole 7 on the bottom section of the air distributor 5 is as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the hot water boiler is drawn in proportion according to the drawing software NX (ug), and then the simulation software CFD is used to simulate the actual situation of waste oil combustion. The figure shows the air outlet state of the regularly arranged air holes 7 on the air distributor 5, and verifies that the gas directly ejected from the air holes 7 hits the inner wall of the combustion furnace, which will produce airflow and vortex. .

[0043] More specifically, the porous medium 10 is formed by stacking ceramic spherical particles with a stacking depth of 60 to 100 mm; this stacking form can form a uniform pore structure, and these pore structures can release and alleviate the thermal stress inside the material affected by high temperature to a certain extent, avoiding local rupture caused by stress concentration; the porous medium 10 is prepared at high temperature, and the particle boundaries will melt and bond, thereby making the bonding between the particles more precise, enhancing the overall strength and thermal shock resistance of the porous medium 10, and even at high temperatures, the bonding between the particles can still remain stable and will not easily separate or break.

[0044] The main components of the ceramic spherical particles are metal oxides, one or more of alumina, zirconia, silicon dioxide, and silicon carbide. These materials have very high melting points. For example, the melting point of alumina is about 2054°C, and the melting point of zirconia is as high as about 2715°C, which makes the porous medium 10 have strong thermal stability in high temperature environments and is not easy to break.

[0045] The components of ceramic spherical particles are chemically stable and have a low thermal expansion coefficient: in a high-temperature combustion environment, they are not easy to react chemically with other substances, and their structure or performance will not change due to the chemical reaction caused by the combustion of waste oil. When the temperature changes, the size of the material changes relatively little, reducing the risk of cracking due to thermal expansion and contraction.

[0046] More specifically, the connecting pipe between the exhaust gas treatment device 2 and the combustion furnace 1 is arranged to be inclined at 3 to 5 degrees relative to the horizontal plane, and the end of the connecting pipe connected to the combustion furnace 1 is higher than the end connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 2;

[0047] A centrifugal water mist nozzle 4 is installed at the center of the exhaust gas treatment device 2 at a level higher than the connecting pipe. A metal filter 3 is provided directly below the centrifugal water mist nozzle 4. The alkali solution released by the centrifugal water mist nozzle 4 is evenly distributed on the surface of the metal filter 3 and reacts with the flue gas in a secondary manner. A control valve 14 is provided below the exhaust gas treatment device to discharge the dirty liquid.

[0048] In this embodiment, the centrifugal water mist nozzle 4 adopts a model of ZSTW-10 / 114, and the water output is 3-6 L / min; the mesh number and aperture of the metal filter 3 are 200 mesh, the mesh size is 0.074 mm, and the thickness is 2-4 mm.

[0049] When the present invention is in use, oil is supplied to the combustion groove 9 through the oil collector 12, and the fan 13 is started and the air distributor 5 is used to supplement air into the combustion furnace 1, and then ignition is performed through the ignition port 8. The air forms an airflow vortex in the combustion furnace 1, so that the air and oil gas are fully mixed, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the waste oil; the generated flue gas enters the exhaust gas treatment device 2 through the connecting pipe, and the centrifugal water mist nozzle 4 reacts the alkali solution with the harmful substances in the flue gas in the form of water mist. The alkali solution uniformly adhered to the surface of the metal filter 3 can react with the flue gas for a secondary reaction, further reducing the possibility of harmful flue gas discharge; during combustion, after the waste oil fuel and air enter the combustion area through the pores of the porous medium 10, the heat generated by the combustion is absorbed by the porous medium, preheating the surrounding waste oil fuel, and further promoting the combustion reaction to continue. At the same time, relying on the good thermal conductivity of the porous medium 10, the heat can be transferred to the surrounding waste oil fuel and air, so that the combustion reaction is evenly carried out in the entire porous medium 10, achieving a super-adiabatic combustion state, and effectively reducing the generation of nitrogen oxides (NOx).

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste oil porous medium combustion water heater, characterized in that: The invention comprises a combustion furnace (1) and an air distributor (5) vertically arranged inside the combustion furnace, wherein the air distributor (5) is in an inverted T-shaped structure, and the side walls of the vertical part of the air distributor (5) are evenly provided with air outlets (7) distributed in a central symmetrical manner, and the two opposite side surfaces of the horizontal part are provided with air outlet groups distributed in a central symmetrical manner; An elliptical combustion groove (9) is arranged at the bottom of the combustion furnace (1), and a porous medium (10) is arranged in the combustion groove (9). The porous medium (10) is formed by stacking ceramic spherical particles to form a uniform pore structure.

2. A waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust gas treatment device (2) is arranged on one side of the top of the combustion furnace (1), and a connecting pipe is arranged between the exhaust gas treatment device (2) and the combustion furnace (1) to connect the two. The connecting pipe is inclined at a certain angle, and the horizontal height of the end connected to the combustion furnace (1) is higher than that of the end connected to the exhaust gas treatment device (2).

3. A waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 2, characterized in that: A centrifugal water mist nozzle (4) is installed at the center of the exhaust gas treatment device (2) and at a position higher than the connecting pipe, and a metal filter (3) is arranged directly below the centrifugal water mist nozzle (4); a control valve (14) is arranged at the bottom of the exhaust gas treatment device (2).

4. The waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: A feeding device (16) is arranged outside the combustion furnace (1), and the feeding device (16) comprises a waste oil tank (15) and an oil collector (12) connected thereto, and one end of the oil collector (12) away from the waste oil tank (15) is connected to the combustion groove (9) through an oil delivery branch pipe (11), and a control valve (14) is arranged on the oil delivery branch pipe (11).

5. The waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: An ignition port (8) is provided below the combustion furnace (1), the ignition port (8) is 100 to 300 mm away from the bottom of the combustion furnace (1), and the ignition port (8) is arranged in a direction that is inclined downward at 30 to 60 degrees relative to the horizontal plane.

6. The waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the combustion furnace (1) is spirally wound with multiple layers of circulating water pipes (6), and the water inlet of the circulating water pipes is in a top-in and bottom-out manner; the outer side of the circulating water pipe (6) also includes a rock wool insulation layer for heat preservation and insulation.

7. The waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the top of the air distributor (5) is fixed to the side wall of the combustion furnace (1) and is connected to the fan (13) outside the combustion furnace (1) through an air duct.

8. The waste oil porous medium combustion water heater according to claim 1, characterized in that: The porous medium (10) is made of one or more materials selected from the group consisting of metal oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, silicon dioxide and silicon carbide.

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