Micro-mixing nozzle with adjustable gas injection speed, combustor and gas turbine

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-mixing nozzle with the adjustable gas injection speed, a combustor and a gas turbine, and the micro-mixing nozzle comprises a nozzle main body which comprises a plurality of micro-mixing pipes; the adjusting assembly comprises a plurality of adjusting units, each adjusting unit comprises an adjusting main body, a connecting structure and a sleeve, each sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the corresponding micro-mixing pipe in a sleeving mode, the adjusting main bodies are arranged at outlets of the micro-mixing pipes, the adjusting main bodies are connected to the inner sides of the sleeves through the connecting structures, and sliding grooves for avoiding the connecting structures are formed in the micro-mixing pipes; wherein the sizes of the cross sections of the adjusting main bodies are different in the length direction of the micro-mixing pipe, and the sleeve moves along the micro-mixing pipe to adjust the positions of the adjusting main bodies, so that the outlet sectional area of the micro-mixing pipe is changed through the adjusting main bodies. According to the technical scheme, the air injection speed of the micro-mixing nozzle can be adjusted so as to meet the combustion requirements of different fuels, and the combustion stability and safety are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gas turbines, and in particular to a micro-mixing nozzle, a burner and a gas turbine with adjustable jet speed. Background Art

[0002] Gas turbines are widely used in aviation, energy, industry and other fields. With the increasing requirements for environmental protection and economy, the design of gas turbine combustion chambers faces new challenges. In traditional combustion chamber design, the mixing of fuel and air is not uniform, resulting in high flame temperature, unstable combustion, high NOx emissions, poor fuel adaptability and other problems. Micro-mixing combustion technology can effectively improve combustion performance and reduce the emission of harmful substances by achieving efficient mixing of fuel and air before combustion.

[0003] In the micro-mixing combustion chamber, the micro-mixing nozzle is a key component, which directly affects the mixing effect and combustion performance of fuel and air. However, different fuels have different physical and chemical properties, which put forward different requirements for the design of micro-mixing nozzles. For example, hydrogen has high reactivity and fast flame propagation speed. If the outlet velocity of the micro-mixing channel is too low, flashback is likely to occur; on the contrary, methane has low reactivity and slow flame propagation speed. If the outlet flow rate of the micro-mixing channel is too high, it may cause flame extinction.

[0004] Existing micro-mixing nozzles usually adopt a fixed geometric structure, which makes it difficult to flexibly adjust the outlet velocity according to the needs of different fuels and cannot adapt to the combustion conditions of various fuels, resulting in poor combustion chamber operation stability and even safety hazards. Summary of the invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a micro-mixing nozzle, a burner and a gas turbine with adjustable jet speed to solve the problem in the prior art that the micro-mixing nozzle is difficult to adjust the outlet speed according to the requirements of different fuels and cannot adapt to the combustion regulation of multiple fuels.

[0006] The embodiment of the present application provides a micro-mixing nozzle with adjustable jet speed, comprising: The nozzle body comprises a plurality of micro-mixing tubes, each of which has a micro-mixing channel for injecting fuel gas; The regulating assembly includes a plurality of regulating units, each regulating unit includes a regulating body, a connecting structure and a sleeve, each sleeve is sleeved on the outside of one of the micro-mixing tubes, the regulating body is arranged at the outlet of the micro-mixing tube, the regulating body is connected to the inner side of the sleeve through the connecting structure, and the micro-mixing tube is provided with a slide groove for avoiding the connecting structure; The cross-sectional size of each adjusting body is set to be different along the length direction of the micro-mixing tube, and the sleeve can move along the micro-mixing tube to adjust the position of the adjusting body, so as to change the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube through the adjusting body.

[0007] In one embodiment, the slide grooves are respectively provided on opposite sides of the micro-mixing tube, and the connection structure includes a first connector, a second connector and a third connector. The first connector and the second connector are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sleeve through the slide grooves on both sides, and the third connector is connected to the adjustment body.

[0008] In one embodiment, the adjustment assembly further comprises a sleeve connector, and the sleeve connector is configured to fix the plurality of sleeves together so that the plurality of adjustment units move together.

[0009] In one embodiment, it is characterized in that a fastener is provided on at least a portion of the sleeve, and the fastener is configured to fasten the sleeve to the micro-mixing tube after the sleeve moves to a predetermined position.

[0010] In one embodiment, the nozzle body further comprises a first end cover, the first end cover is provided with a plurality of mounting holes respectively corresponding to the micro-mixing tubes, and one end of the plurality of micro-mixing tubes having outlets is respectively inserted into the mounting holes and mounted on the first end cover; The slide groove is configured to extend to the end of the micro-mixing tube having the outlet, and the first end cover is configured to limit the range in which the sleeve slides toward the outlet.

[0011] In one embodiment, the inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a limiting protrusion which is mounted in cooperation with the sliding groove.

[0012] In one embodiment, the nozzle body further includes a second end cap and an outer peripheral shell, wherein the second end cap is mounted on an end of the micro-mixing tube away from the first end cap, the outer peripheral shell is arranged to surround the plurality of micro-mixing tubes, and the two ends of the outer peripheral shell are respectively connected to the first end cap and the second end cap.

[0013] In one embodiment, each of the adjusting bodies comprises a first cone, and the adjusting body changes the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube through the first cone when the adjusting body is in an adjusted position.

[0014] In one embodiment, each of the regulating bodies further includes a second cone, which is fixed to the first cone, and the large ends of the first cone and the second cone are connected to each other, wherein the second cone is farther away from the micro-mixing tube than the first cone.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application also provides a combustor, comprising at least one micro-mixing nozzle as described above.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application also provides a gas turbine, comprising the combustor as described above.

[0017] The technical solution provided in the present application can adjust the jet speed of the micro-mixing nozzle according to the characteristics of different fuels to adapt to the combustion requirements of different fuels, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of combustion.

[0018] Other features and advantages of the present application will be described in the following description, and partly become apparent from the description, or be understood by implementing the present application. Other advantages of the present application can be realized and obtained by the schemes described in the description and the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a micro-mixing nozzle according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 To display Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the micro-mixing nozzle; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of a plurality of micro-mixing tubes installed on a second end cover according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a micro-mixing tube according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adjustment component according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the regulating assembly in FIG. 1 as viewed from one end; Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an adjustment unit according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first end cover according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Description of reference numerals: 1-nozzle body; 11-micro-mixing tube; 111-slide groove; 12-first end cover; 121-mounting hole; 122-limiting protrusion; 13-second end cover; 14-peripheral shell; 2-adjusting assembly; 21-adjusting body; 211-first cone; 212-second cone; 22-sleeve; 23-connecting structure; 231-first connector; 232-second connector; 233-third connector; 24-fastener; 25-sleeve connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The present application describes multiple embodiments, but the description is exemplary rather than restrictive, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that there may be more embodiments and implementations within the scope of the embodiments described in the present application. Although many possible feature combinations are shown in the drawings and discussed in the specific embodiments, many other combinations of the disclosed features are also possible. Unless specifically limited, any feature or meta-subject of any embodiment may be used in combination with any other feature or meta-subject in any other embodiment, or may replace any other feature or meta-subject in any other embodiment.

[0023] The present application includes and contemplates combinations of features and meta-subjects known to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments, features, and meta-subjects disclosed in the present application may also be combined with any conventional features or meta-subjects to form a unique invention scheme. Any features or meta-subjects of any embodiment may also be combined with features or meta-subjects from other invention schemes to form another unique invention scheme. Therefore, it should be understood that any feature shown and / or discussed in the present application may be implemented individually or in any appropriate combination. Therefore, except for the limitations made according to the attached claims and their equivalents, the embodiments are not subject to other restrictions. In addition, various modifications and changes may be made within the scope of protection of the attached claims.

[0024] In addition, when describing representative embodiments, the specification may have presented the method and / or process as a specific sequence of steps. However, to the extent that the method or process does not rely on the specific order of the steps described herein, the method or process should not be limited to the steps of the specific order described. As will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, other sequences of steps are also possible. Therefore, the specific sequence of the steps set forth in the specification should not be interpreted as a limitation to the claims. In addition, the claims for the method and / or process should not be limited to the steps of performing them in the order written, and those skilled in the art can easily understand that these sequences can be changed and still remain within the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0025] The embodiment of the present application provides a micro-mixing nozzle with adjustable jet speed, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, it includes: a nozzle body 1 and an adjustment component 2.

[0026] The nozzle body 1 includes a plurality of micro-mixing tubes 11 , each of which has a micro-mixing channel for injecting fuel gas.

[0027] The regulating assembly 2 includes a plurality of regulating units, each of which includes a regulating body 21, a sleeve 22 and a connecting structure 23. Each sleeve 22 is sleeved on the outside of a micro-mixing tube 11. The regulating body 1 is arranged at the outlet of the micro-mixing tube 11. The regulating body 21 is connected to the inner side of the sleeve 22 through the connecting structure 23. A slide groove 111 for avoiding the connecting structure 23 is arranged on the micro-mixing tube 11.

[0028] The cross-sectional size of each adjusting body 21 is set to be different along the length direction of the micro-mixing tube 11, and the sleeve 22 moves along the micro-mixing tube 11 to adjust the position of the adjusting body 21, so as to change the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube 11 through the adjusting body 21. By changing the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube 11, the jet velocity of the micro-mixing nozzle is changed.

[0029] The technical solution provided in the present application can adjust the jet speed of the micro-mixing nozzle according to the characteristics of different fuels to adapt to the combustion requirements of different fuels, thereby ensuring the stability and safety of combustion.

[0030] In one embodiment, Figure 5-Figure 7 As shown, each adjusting body 21 includes a first cone 211 , and the adjusting body 21 changes the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube 11 through the first cone 211 when the adjusting body 21 is in an adjusting position.

[0031] In this embodiment, each regulating body 21 also includes a second cone 212, which is fixed to the first cone 211. The second cone 212 is farther away from the micro-mixing tube 11 than the first cone 211, wherein the large ends of the first cone 211 and the second cone 212 are connected to each other, so that the combustion gas flows along the second cone 212 after being ejected from the outlet of the micro-mixing tube 11, which can reduce airflow disturbance and flow loss and improve combustion stability.

[0032] In one embodiment, Figure 3-Figure 4 As shown, two opposite sides of the micro-mixing tube 11 are provided with slide grooves 111, such as Figure 5-Figure 7As shown, the connection structure 23 for connecting the regulating body 21 to the sleeve 22 includes a first connection body 231, a second connection body 232 and a third connection body 233. The first connection body 231, the second connection body 232 and the third connection body 233 roughly form a T-shaped structure. The first connection body 231 and the second connection body 232 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sleeve 22 through the slide grooves 111 on both sides, and the third connection body 23 is connected to the regulating body 21. The connection structure 23 is located outside the combustion zone, and the temperature is low during the combustion process, thereby extending the service life of the device.

[0033] In this embodiment, the connection structure 23 is connected to the sleeve 22 by setting two connectors through the slide groove 111, which is beneficial to the stability of the connection. The first connector 231 and the second connector 232 can be respectively set to slide with the slide groove 111 to play a guiding role. In this way, the movement of each adjustment unit relative to the micro-mixing tube 11 can be relatively stable. It is understandable that a slide groove can also be set on the micro-mixing tube 11, or more slide grooves can be set, which is not limited here. Accordingly, the connection structure 23 needs to make corresponding structural changes and set connectors that correspond to the slide groove 111 one by one.

[0034] In one embodiment, the adjustment assembly 2 further includes a sleeve connector 25, which is configured to fix the plurality of sleeves 22 together so that the plurality of sleeves 22 move together, so that the plurality of adjustment units can achieve synchronous adjustment of the outlet of the micro-mixing channel. Figure 5 In the embodiment, the sleeve connector 25 is a disc structure, and a fixing hole corresponding to each sleeve 22 is provided on the disc structure. The sleeve 22 is inserted into the fixing hole and fixed, so that the multiple adjustment units are fixedly connected into an integral structure.

[0035] It is understandable that the solution of the present application does not limit the synchronous adjustment of multiple adjustment units, and each adjustment unit can also be set to adjust individually.

[0036] After each adjustment unit has adjusted the outlet of the micro-mixing channel, the adjustment unit can be fixed to prevent the position of the adjustment body 21 from changing due to vibration or operational errors during the operation of the nozzle, thereby affecting the outlet jet velocity, thereby ensuring the operating stability and reliability of the device.

[0037] In one embodiment, at least part of the sleeve 22 is provided with a fastener 24, and the fastener 24 is configured to fasten the sleeve 22 to the micro-mixing tube 11 after the sleeve 22 moves to a predetermined position. The fastener 24 may be a bolt that passes through the tube wall of the sleeve 22, and the sleeve 22 is fixed to the micro-mixing tube 11 by rotating the screw. When multiple adjustment units are adjusted together, fasteners may be provided only on part of the sleeves 22, and when each adjustment unit is adjusted separately, fasteners need to be provided on each sleeve 22. Of course, other structures may also be used to limit the sleeve 22 to its position. For example, the position of the adjustment body 21 may be fixed by fixing the sleeve connector 25 to the nozzle body 1.

[0038] In one embodiment, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the nozzle body 1 further includes a first end cover 12 , which is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 121 corresponding to the micro-mixing tubes 11 , respectively. One end of the plurality of micro-mixing tubes 11 with outlets is respectively inserted into the mounting holes 121 and mounted on the first end cover 12 .

[0039] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the slide groove 111 is configured to extend to the end of the micro-mixing tube 11 having an outlet. After the first end cover 12 is installed with the micro-mixing tube 11, the sliding range of the sleeve 22 toward the outlet can be limited.

[0040] Figure 8 A first end cover 12 in an embodiment is shown. The inner wall of the mounting hole 121 of the first end cover 12 is provided with a limiting protrusion 122 . The limiting protrusion 122 is used to cooperate with the slide groove 111 on the micro-mixing tube 11 to limit the rotation of the micro-mixing tube 11 .

[0041] The nozzle body 1 may further include a second end cap 13 and an outer peripheral shell 14, wherein the second end cap 13 is mounted on an end of the micro-mixing tube 11 away from the first end cap 12, and the outer peripheral shell 14 is arranged to surround the plurality of micro-mixing tubes 11, and the two ends of the outer peripheral shell 14 are respectively connected to the first end cap 12 and the second end cap 13. In this way, the first end cap 12, the second end cap 13 and the outer peripheral shell 14 form a shell of the nozzle, and components such as the micro-mixing tube 11 and the sleeve 22 are accommodated in the shell.

[0042] An embodiment of the present application also provides a combustor, comprising at least one micro-mixing nozzle as described above.

[0043] An embodiment of the present application also provides a gas turbine, comprising the combustor as described above.

[0044] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or meta-subject referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0045] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0046] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0047] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "install", "connect", "connect", "fix" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two sub-subjects or the interaction relationship between two sub-subjects, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0049] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0050] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A micro-mixing nozzle with adjustable jet speed, characterized in that: include: The nozzle body comprises a plurality of micro-mixing tubes, each of which has a micro-mixing channel for injecting fuel gas; The regulating assembly includes a plurality of regulating units, each regulating unit includes a regulating body, a connecting structure and a sleeve, each sleeve is sleeved on the outside of one of the micro-mixing tubes, the regulating body is arranged at the outlet of the micro-mixing tube, the regulating body is connected to the inner side of the sleeve through the connecting structure, and the micro-mixing tube is provided with a slide groove for avoiding the connecting structure; The cross-sectional size of each adjusting body is set to be different along the length direction of the micro-mixing tube, and the sleeve can move along the micro-mixing tube to adjust the position of the adjusting body, so as to change the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube through the adjusting body.

2. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide grooves are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the micro-mixing tube, and the connection structure includes a first connector, a second connector and a third connector. The first connector and the second connector are respectively connected to the inner wall of the sleeve through the slide grooves on both sides, and the third connector is connected to the adjustment body.

3. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly further comprises a sleeve connector, which is configured to fix the plurality of sleeves together so that the plurality of adjustment units move together.

4. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least a portion of the sleeves are provided with fasteners, and the fasteners are configured to fasten the sleeves to the micro-mixing tube after the sleeves are moved to a predetermined position.

5. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzle body further comprises a first end cover, the first end cover is provided with a plurality of mounting holes respectively corresponding to the micro-mixing tubes, and one end of the plurality of micro-mixing tubes having outlets is respectively inserted into the mounting holes and mounted on the first end cover; The slide groove is configured to extend to the end of the micro-mixing tube having the outlet, and the first end cover is configured to limit the range in which the sleeve slides toward the outlet.

6. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the mounting hole is provided with a limiting protrusion which is mounted in cooperation with the sliding groove.

7. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 5, characterized in that: The nozzle body also includes a second end cover and an outer peripheral shell, wherein the second end cover is installed at an end of the micro-mixing tube away from the first end cover, the outer peripheral shell is arranged to surround the plurality of micro-mixing tubes, and the two ends of the outer peripheral shell are respectively connected to the first end cover and the second end cover.

8. The micro-mixing nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: Each of the adjustment bodies comprises a first cone, and when the adjustment body is in an adjustment position, the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the micro-mixing tube is changed through the first cone.

9. The micro-mixing nozzle according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the regulating bodies further includes a second cone, which is fixed to the first cone, and the first cone and the second cone are connected toward each other with their large ends facing each other, wherein the second cone is farther away from the micro-mixing tube than the first cone.

10. A burner, characterized in that: Comprising at least one micro-mixing nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9.

11. A gas turbine, characterized in that: Comprising a burner according to claim 10.

Images