Hydropower station solution dehumidification air-conditioning system with cascade energy utilization function

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydropower station solution dehumidification air conditioning system with cascade energy utilization. The hydropower station solution dehumidification air conditioning system comprises an indoor environment treatment device, a solution dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device and a condensation monitoring device. The surface water source heat pump, the solution dehumidification system, condensation heat recovery and other technologies are utilized, and the cooling capacity of the cooling system is optimized, so that various temperature and humidity requirements are flexibly met, efficient operation of the system is ensured, and the problems of low operation energy efficiency and low starting speed of the system are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of dehumidification of hydropower stations, in particular to a solution dehumidification air-conditioning system of a hydropower station utilizing cascade energy. Background Art

[0002] Hydropower stations have the characteristics of large installed capacity, many units, many electrical equipment, high heat generation, significant moisture transfer in underground caverns, and large wet loads. Therefore, the indoor air of the cavern group needs to be deheated and dehumidified most of the year, which causes a lot of energy consumption. How to reduce this part of energy consumption is of great significance for saving the environmental regulation of underground caverns. Water source heat pumps are considered to be renewable energy utilization technologies with great energy-saving potential. In particular, using surface water (river water, lake water, sea water) or groundwater as cooling water to remove condensation heat from the condenser is an energy-saving and low-carbon refrigeration technology. It is an ideal choice to use it as a cold and heat source for thermal and humid environment regulation of underground hydropower stations.

[0003] However, the existing technical solutions do not fully consider the differences in heat and humidity loads between the office area and high-heat generating equipment, as well as the differences in the requirements for creating a thermal environment, and it is difficult to fully utilize natural cold sources to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system. At the same time, in summer, the cooling load is large, and in winter, the water temperature cannot reach the dew point temperature required for dehumidification. There are problems with dehumidification, and the energy consumption of dehumidification is large. The coupling of air supply parameters in different seasons is strong and the adjustment is difficult. In addition, when the temperature-controlled dehumidification air conditioning system is in operation, since the air conditioner requires a long startup process, including compressor startup, pressure difference establishment, lubricating oil heating, coil heating / cooling and other processes, there is a long response time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution dehumidification air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, comprising an indoor environment treatment device, a solution dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device and a condensation monitoring device.

[0005] The condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower station generator set.

[0006] The indoor environment treatment device comprises a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooling section, a secondary surface cooling section, a heating device and an air supply fan.

[0007] The primary surface cooling section is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and condenses, cools and dehumidifies the fresh air through surface water.

[0008] The secondary surface cooling section is connected to the solution dehumidification device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled and dehumidified through the adsorbent.

[0009] The heating device heats the dehumidified air to increase its temperature.

[0010] The air supply fan mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet to supply the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0011] The natural energy utilization device comprises a water intake device, a temperature reduction device and a water return device.

[0012] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary surface cooling section.

[0013] The cooling device uses surface water to cool the condenser;

[0014] The condenser performs condensation heat exchange on the cooling water;

[0015] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation and heat exchange to the surface.

[0016] The solution dehumidification device comprises a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, a packing tower, and a solution pump.

[0017] The packed tower is used to store adsorbent.

[0018] The solution pump pumps the adsorbent in the packed tower to the secondary surface cooling section to adsorb moisture in the air.

[0019] The first heat exchanger, the second heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger heat the adsorbent and send it back to the packed tower to achieve recycling of the adsorbent.

[0020] The heat recovery device is used to recover heat and transmit it to the heating device.

[0021] The operation process of the dehumidification and air conditioning system of a hydropower station is as follows:

[0022] When condensation occurs on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first operating condition.

[0023] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first operating condition for Tmax time, and the average particle size of dew drops on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set does not decrease, the condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the second operating condition.

[0024] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the first operating condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section.

[0025] Surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section.

[0026] The heating device uses electric heating to heat and raise the temperature of the air after refrigeration and dehumidification.

[0027] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set.

[0028] When the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section. The surface water is used as cooling water to condense and cool the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section.

[0029] The solution dehumidification device pumps the high-concentration adsorbent to the secondary surface cooling section. The concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent is recorded as c1.

[0030] Under the effect of the difference between the water vapor partial pressure of the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure of the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent decreases to become a medium-low concentration adsorbent with a concentration of c2. c2<c1.

[0031] The medium and low concentration adsorbents flow to the second heat exchanger under the action of the solution pump to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high concentration adsorbent, thereby achieving preliminary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbents.

[0032] The heated medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the third heat exchanger for a second heat exchange, thereby achieving secondary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0033] After secondary heating, the medium and low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packing tower, and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the concentration of the medium and low concentration adsorbent increases and is regenerated into a high concentration adsorbent.

[0034] The regenerated high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger to exchange heat with the medium and low-concentration adsorbents for initial cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger.

[0035] Surface water is used as cooling water to perform secondary cooling on the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration. After cooling, the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration enters the secondary surface cooling section to realize the circulation of the adsorbent between the solution dehumidification device and the secondary surface cooling section.

[0036] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, and transfers the recovered heat to the heating device and the solution dehumidification device for release.

[0037] The heating device uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the dehumidified air until the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reaches tset. tset is the indoor set target temperature.

[0038] Furthermore, the condensation monitoring device includes a camera, a temperature sensor, an image processor and a central control unit.

[0039] The camera captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor.

[0040] The image processor uses image processing algorithms to identify the surface image of the hydropower generator set, determines whether there are dew drops in the surface image of the hydropower generator set, and transmits the recognition result to the central control unit.

[0041] If there are dew drops in the surface image of the hydropower generator set, the central control unit generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, uses surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0042] When T≥Tmax, the camera captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor.

[0043] The image processor uses image processing algorithms to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set and determines whether the particle size of the dew drops in the surface image of the hydropower generator set decreases.

[0044] If the particle size of the dew drops decreases, the central control unit maintains the current operating state. If the average particle size of the dew drops does not decrease, the central control unit generates a second dehumidification signal and controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the solution dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification in a manner combining surface water and adsorbent.

[0045] The temperature sensor monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin>tset, the central control unit generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0046] When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin<tset, the central control unit generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0047] Further, when the heat recovery device receives the first heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set without transferring heat.

[0048] When the heat recovery device receives the second heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, transfers part of the heat to the heating device for release, raises the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification to tset, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger to heat the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0049] Further, the steps of the image processor using image processing algorithms to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0050] Furthermore, the temperature sensor monitors the indoor dry bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set, and transmits them to the central control unit.

[0051] The central control unit determines whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system based on the indoor dry bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the size of the dew droplets.

[0052] Furthermore, the indoor environment treatment device also includes a filter.

[0053] The filter filters the air output by the blower.

[0054] Furthermore, the water intake device includes a first regulating valve, a second regulating valve, a water intake pump, a water intake pipe, and a water intake head.

[0055] The water intake pump extracts surface water through the water intake pipe and the water intake head.

[0056] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first working condition, the first regulating valve is opened, and the water intake pump sends surface water into the primary surface cooling section through the first regulating valve.

[0057] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the second working condition, the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve are opened, and the water intake pump sends surface water into the primary surface cooling section through the first regulating valve and the second regulating valve.

[0058] Furthermore, the heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger, a heat pump, and a fifth heat exchanger.

[0059] The heat pump recovers waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger.

[0060] The heat pump transfers part of the heat to the heating device through the fourth heat exchanger for release, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger.

[0061] Furthermore, when the heating device heats the dehumidified air using the heat recovered by the heat recovery device, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin<test after heating, the heating device reheats the dehumidified air by electric heating.

[0062] Furthermore, during the dehumidification and air-conditioning system process of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set in real time, and performs feedback adjustment on the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration and dehumidification device according to the dew particle size.

[0063] The technical effect of the present invention is unquestionable. The present invention constructs a hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system including a natural energy utilization device, a steam compression dehumidification device, a condensation heat recovery device, and an indoor environment treatment device to achieve dehumidification of the hydropower station and improve the energy efficiency of the whole year. The control method of the present invention makes full use of the natural cold source to reduce the energy consumption of the air conditioning system and can shorten the response time of the startup phase.

[0064] The present invention utilizes surface water source heat pump, solution dehumidification system, condensation heat recovery and other technologies, and optimizes the cooling capacity of the cooling system to flexibly meet various temperature and humidity requirements, ensure efficient operation of the system, and solve the problems of low operating energy efficiency and slow startup speed.

[0065] The heat emitted by the medium and low concentration adsorbent of the present invention can be recovered by a heat recovery device and used for air heating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0066] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the dehumidification and air conditioning system structure of a hydropower station;

[0067] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of operation control;

[0068] In the figure, filter 1, first-level surface cooling 2 sections, second-level surface cooling 3 sections, heating device 4, air blower 5, first heat exchanger 6, second heat exchanger 7, third heat exchanger 8, packing tower 9, solution pump 10, first regulating valve 11, second regulating valve 12, water intake pump 13, water intake pipe 14, water intake head 15, fourth heat exchanger 16, heat pump 17, fifth heat exchanger 18, camera 19, temperature sensor 20, image processor 21, and central control unit 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but it should not be understood that the above subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. Without departing from the above technical ideas of the present invention, various substitutions and changes are made according to the common technical knowledge and customary means in the art, which should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0070] Embodiment 1:

[0071] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 A solution dehumidification air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization includes an indoor environment treatment device, a solution dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device and a condensation monitoring device.

[0072] The condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower station generator set.

[0073] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooling section 2, a secondary surface cooling section 3, a heating device 4 and a blower 5.

[0074] The primary surface cooling section 2 is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and condenses, cools and dehumidifies the fresh air through surface water.

[0075] The secondary surface cooling section 3 is connected to the solution dehumidification device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled and dehumidified through the adsorbent (LiBr is selected in this embodiment).

[0076] The heating device 4 heats the dehumidified air.

[0077] The air blower 5 mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet to deliver the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0078] The natural energy utilization device comprises a water intake device, a temperature reduction device and a water return device.

[0079] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0080] The cooling device uses surface water to cool the condenser;

[0081] The condenser performs condensation heat exchange on the cooling water;

[0082] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation and heat exchange to the surface.

[0083] The solution dehumidification device includes a first heat exchanger 6 , a second heat exchanger 7 , a third heat exchanger 8 , a packing tower 9 , and a solution pump 10 .

[0084] The packed tower 9 is used to store adsorbent.

[0085] The solution pump 10 pumps the adsorbent in the packing tower 9 to the secondary surface cooling section 3 to adsorb moisture in the air.

[0086] The first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 7, and the third heat exchanger 8 heat the adsorbent and send it back to the packing tower 9 to achieve recycling of the adsorbent.

[0087] The heat recovery device includes a device for recovering heat and transmitting it to the heating device 4.

[0088] The operation process of the dehumidification and air conditioning system of a hydropower station is as follows:

[0089] When condensation occurs on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first operating condition.

[0090] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first operating condition for Tmax=1h, the average particle size of dew drops on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set does not decrease (in this embodiment, the average particle size has not decreased, which means that the reduction degree is less than 20% of the previous average particle size), the condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the second operating condition.

[0091] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the first operating condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0092] Surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0093] The heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat and raise the temperature of the air after cooling and dehumidification.

[0094] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set.

[0095] When the dehumidification air conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section 2. The surface water is used as cooling water in the primary surface cooling section 2 to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air.

[0096] The solution dehumidification device pumps the high-concentration adsorbent to the secondary surface cooling section 3. The concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent is recorded as c1.

[0097] Under the effect of the difference between the water vapor partial pressure of the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure of the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent decreases to become a medium-low concentration adsorbent with a concentration of c2. c2<c1. The high concentration is the LiBr moisture content below 10g / kg, and the medium-low concentration is the LiBr moisture content above 25g / kg.

[0098] The medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 under the action of the solution pump 10 to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high concentration adsorbent, thereby achieving preliminary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0099] The heated medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the third heat exchanger 8 for a second heat exchange, thereby achieving secondary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0100] After secondary heating, the medium and low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packing tower 9, and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the concentration of the medium and low concentration adsorbent increases and is regenerated into a high concentration adsorbent.

[0101] The regenerated high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the medium- and low-concentration adsorbents for initial cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger 6 .

[0102] The surface water is used as cooling water to perform secondary cooling on the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration. After cooling, the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration enters the secondary surface cooling section 3 to realize the circulation of the adsorbent between the solution dehumidification device and the secondary surface cooling section 3.

[0103] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, and transfers the recovered heat to the heating device 4 and the solution dehumidification device for release.

[0104] The heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the dehumidified air until the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reaches tset. tset = 23°C is the indoor set target temperature.

[0105] The condensation monitoring device includes a camera 19 , a temperature sensor 20 , an image processor 21 and a central control unit 22 .

[0106] The camera 19 captures the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station and transmits the image to the image processor 21 .

[0107] The image processor 21 uses an image processing algorithm to identify the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, determines whether there are dewdrops in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, and transmits the identification result to the central control unit 22.

[0108] If dewdrops are present in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, the central control unit 22 generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, utilizes surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0109] When T≥Tmax, the camera 19 captures the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station and transmits it to the image processor 21 .

[0110] The image processor 21 processes the surface image of the hydropower station generator set by using an image processing algorithm to determine whether the dew droplet diameter in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set is reduced.

[0111] If the dew droplet size decreases, the central control unit 22 maintains the current operating state. If the average dew droplet size does not decrease, the central control unit 22 generates a second dehumidification signal to control the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the solution dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification by combining surface water and adsorbent.

[0112] The temperature sensor 20 monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin>tset, the central control unit 22 generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0113] When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < tset, the central control unit 22 generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0114] When the heat recovery device receives the first heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the power generation unit without transferring heat.

[0115] When the heat recovery device receives the second heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the power generation unit, transfers part of the heat to the heating device 4 for release, raises the temperature of the air after condensation and dehumidification to tset, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger 8 to heat the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0116] The steps of the image processor 21 processing the surface image of the hydropower station generator set using image processing algorithms include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0117] The temperature sensor 20 monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set and transmits them to the central control unit 22.

[0118] The central control unit 22 combines the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the size of the dew drops to determine whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system.

[0119] The steps of determining whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system are as follows: determine the dew point temperature td according to the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the relative humidity RH; if the dew point temperature td < tsur and the average dew drop size is reduced by 80%, then operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system.

[0120] The indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter 1.

[0121] The filter 1 filters the air output by the air blower 5.

[0122] The water intake device includes a first regulating valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15.

[0123] The water intake pump 13 extracts surface water through the water intake pipe 14 and the water intake head 15.

[0124] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first condition, the first regulating valve 11 is opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 11.

[0125] When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the second condition, the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12 are opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler 2 through the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12.

[0126] The heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger 16 , a heat pump 17 , and a fifth heat exchanger 18 .

[0127] The heat pump 17 recovers waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger 18 .

[0128] The heat pump 17 transfers part of the heat to the heating device 4 through the fourth heat exchanger 16 for release, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger 8 .

[0129] When the heating device 4 heats the dehumidified air using the heat recovered by the heat recovery device, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin<test after heating, the heating device 4 reheats the dehumidified air by electric heating.

[0130] During the dehumidification and air-conditioning system process of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set in real time, and performs feedback adjustment on the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration and dehumidification device based on the dew particle size.

[0131] Embodiment 2:

[0132] A solution dehumidification air conditioning system for a hydropower station utilizing cascaded energy comprises an indoor environment treatment device, a solution dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device and a condensation monitoring device.

[0133] The condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower station generator set.

[0134] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooling section 2, a secondary surface cooling section 3, a heating device 4 and a blower 5.

[0135] The primary surface cooling section 2 is connected to the natural energy utilization device, and condenses, cools and dehumidifies the fresh air through surface water.

[0136] The secondary surface cooling section 3 is connected to the solution dehumidification device, and the fresh air is condensed, cooled and dehumidified through the adsorbent.

[0137] The heating device 4 heats the dehumidified air.

[0138] The air blower 5 mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet to deliver the dehumidified air to the indoor environment.

[0139] The natural energy utilization device comprises a water intake device, a temperature reduction device and a water return device.

[0140] The water intake device is used to extract surface water and send it into the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0141] The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation and heat exchange to the surface.

[0142] The solution dehumidification device includes a first heat exchanger 6 , a second heat exchanger 7 , a third heat exchanger 8 , a packing tower 9 , and a solution pump 10 .

[0143] The packed tower 9 is used to store adsorbent.

[0144] The solution pump 10 pumps the adsorbent in the packing tower 9 to the secondary surface cooling section 3 to adsorb moisture in the air.

[0145] The first heat exchanger 6, the second heat exchanger 7, and the third heat exchanger 8 heat the adsorbent and send it back to the packing tower 9 to achieve recycling of the adsorbent.

[0146] The heat recovery device includes a device for recovering heat and transmitting it to the heating device 4.

[0147] The operation process of the dehumidification and air conditioning system of a hydropower station is as follows:

[0148] When condensation occurs on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first operating condition.

[0149] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first operating condition for Tmax time, and the average particle size of dew drops on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set does not decrease, the condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the second operating condition.

[0150] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the first operating condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0151] Surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section 2.

[0152] The heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat and raise the temperature of the air after cooling and dehumidification.

[0153] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set.

[0154] When the dehumidification air conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section 2. The surface water is used as cooling water in the primary surface cooling section 2 to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air.

[0155] The solution dehumidification device pumps the high-concentration adsorbent to the secondary surface cooling section 3. The concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent is recorded as c1.

[0156] Under the effect of the difference between the water vapor partial pressure of the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure of the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent decreases to become a medium-low concentration adsorbent with a concentration of c2. c2<c1.

[0157] The medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 under the action of the solution pump 10 to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high concentration adsorbent, thereby achieving preliminary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0158] The heated medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the third heat exchanger 8 for a second heat exchange, thereby achieving secondary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0159] After secondary heating, the medium and low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packing tower 9, and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the concentration of the medium and low concentration adsorbent increases and is regenerated into a high concentration adsorbent.

[0160] The regenerated high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the medium- and low-concentration adsorbents for initial cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger 6 .

[0161] The surface water is used as cooling water to perform secondary cooling on the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration. After cooling, the high-concentration adsorbent after regeneration enters the secondary surface cooling section 3 to realize the circulation of the adsorbent between the solution dehumidification device and the secondary surface cooling section 3.

[0162] The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, and transfers the recovered heat to the heating device 4 and the solution dehumidification device for release.

[0163] The heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the dehumidified air until the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reaches tset. tset is the indoor set target temperature.

[0164] Embodiment 3:

[0165] A solution dehumidification and air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as that of Example 2. Furthermore, the condensation monitoring device includes a camera 19, a temperature sensor 20, an image processor 21 and a central control unit 22.

[0166] The camera 19 captures the surface image of the generator set of the hydropower station and transmits the image to the image processor 21 .

[0167] The image processor 21 uses an image processing algorithm to identify the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, determines whether there are dewdrops in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, and transmits the identification result to the central control unit 22.

[0168] If there is dew on the surface image of the hydropower generator set, the central control unit 22 generates a first dehumidification signal to control the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, dehumidify using surface water, and record the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device.

[0169] When T≥Tmax, the camera 19 captures the surface image of the hydropower generator set and transmits it to the image processor 21.

[0170] The image processor 21 processes the surface image of the hydropower generator set using an image processing algorithm to determine whether the dew particle size in the surface image of the hydropower generator set decreases.

[0171] If the dew particle size decreases, the central control unit 22 maintains the current operating state. If the average dew particle size does not decrease, the central control unit 22 generates a second dehumidification signal to control the operation of the indoor environment treatment device, the solution dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device, and dehumidify in a way that combines surface water and adsorbent.

[0172] The temperature sensor 20 monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin>tset, the central control unit 22 generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0173] When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin<tset, the central control unit 22 generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

[0174] Example 4:

[0175] A hydropower station solution dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascade energy utilization, the technical content is the same as any one of Examples 2-3. Further, when the heat recovery device receives the first heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set without transferring heat.

[0176] When the heat recovery device receives the second heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, transfers part of the heat to the heating device 4 for release, raises the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification to tset, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger 8 to heat the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0177] Example 5:

[0178] A hydropower station solution dehumidification air-conditioning system for cascade energy utilization, the technical content is the same as any one of Examples 2-4. Further, the steps for the image processor 21 to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set using an image processing algorithm include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

[0179] Example 6:

[0180] A solution dehumidification air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of embodiments 2-5. Furthermore, the temperature sensor 20 monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set, and transmits them to the central control unit 22.

[0181] The central control unit 22 determines whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system based on the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower station generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the size of the dew droplets.

[0182] Embodiment 7:

[0183] A solution dehumidification and air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Examples 2-7. Furthermore, the water intake device includes a first regulating valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15.

[0184] The water intake pump 13 extracts surface water through the water intake pipe 14 and the water intake head 15 .

[0185] When the dehumidification and air-conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the first working condition, the first regulating valve 11 is opened, and the water intake pump 13 delivers surface water into the primary surface cooling section 2 through the first regulating valve 11 .

[0186] When the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station operates in the second working condition, the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12 are opened, and the water intake pump 13 sends surface water into the primary surface cooling section 2 through the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12.

[0187] Embodiment 9:

[0188] A solution dehumidification and air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Examples 2-8, and further, the heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger 16, a heat pump 17, and a fifth heat exchanger 18.

[0189] The heat pump 17 recovers waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger 18 .

[0190] The heat pump 17 transfers part of the heat to the heating device 4 through the fourth heat exchanger 16 for release, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger 8 .

[0191] Embodiment 10:

[0192] A hydropower station solution dehumidification and air conditioning system with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Examples 2-9. Furthermore, when the heating device 4 utilizes the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the air after dehumidification treatment, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin is less than test after heating, the heating device 4 reheats the dehumidified air by electric heating.

[0193] Embodiment 11:

[0194] A solution dehumidification and air-conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization, the technical content of which is the same as any one of Examples 2-10. Furthermore, in the process of the hydropower station dehumidification and air-conditioning system, a condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and feedback-adjusts the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration and dehumidification device according to the dew particle size.

[0195] Embodiment 12:

[0196] A liquid dehumidification air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization includes an indoor environment treatment device, a liquid dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, and a heat recovery device. The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a filter 1, two first-level surface cooling sections, three second-level surface cooling sections, a heating device 4, and a blower 5; the liquid dehumidification device includes a first heat exchanger 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a third heat exchanger 8, a packing tower 9, and a liquid pump 10; the natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device, and a water return device, wherein the water intake device includes a first regulating valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15; the heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger 16, a heat pump 17, and a fifth heat exchanger 18; and the condensation monitoring device includes a camera 19, a temperature sensor 20, an image processor 21, and a central control unit 22.

[0197] When using the first-level surface cooling 2 for cooling and dehumidification, the natural energy utilization device is in operation, and the surface water is used as cooling water in the first-level surface cooling 2 section through the water intake device to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air. At the same time, the heating device 4 uses electric heating to heat the air after cooling and dehumidification. When only the first-level surface cooling 2 cannot reach the cooling set humidity, the second-level surface cooling 3 is turned on for dehumidification, and the liquid dehumidification device is in operation.

[0198] When using the secondary surface cooling 3 solution for dehumidification, the solution dehumidification device is in operation, and the high-concentration adsorbent is pumped to the secondary surface cooling 3 section. Under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure difference of the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the high-concentration adsorbent becomes medium-low concentration adsorbent. The medium-low concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 under the action of the solution pump 10 to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high-concentration adsorbent, and the medium-low concentration adsorbent is preliminarily heated. The heated medium-low concentration adsorbent then flows to the third heat exchanger 8 for the second heat exchange, and the medium-low concentration adsorbent is heated again. Subsequently, the medium-low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packed tower 9 and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the excess moisture in the medium-low concentration adsorbent is transferred to the regeneration air, and the adsorbent concentration becomes concentrated to the high-concentration adsorbent, completing the regeneration. After the regeneration, the high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the medium and low-concentration adsorbents for the first cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger 6, using surface water as cooling water to cool the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration for the second time. After the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration is cooled, it enters the secondary surface cooling 3 section, and the cycle is repeated for dehumidification. At the same time, the heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the air after the dehumidification treatment, and decides whether to electrically heat it again according to the outlet air temperature, so that the temperature of the fresh air sent to the unit reaches the comfortable working environment temperature of the power station staff.

[0199] The indoor environment treatment device includes a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a filter 1, a first-level surface cooling 2 section, a second-level surface cooling 3 section, a heating device 4, and a blower 5. The indoor environment treatment process is as follows: the central control unit 22 reads the indoor environment parameters, the camera 19, the temperature sensor 20 transmits the data to the image processor 21, the central control unit 22 processes and determines that when the unit surface condenses, the central control unit 22 sends an operation signal to control the dehumidification air conditioning system to operate, and the blower 5 mixes the fresh air and the return air to send air through the filter 1 to start air dehumidification. The dehumidification mode is selected according to the existing data in the database. When the refrigeration setting humidity can be reached by only running the first-level surface cooling 2, the first-level surface cooling 2 is mainly used. When the refrigeration setting humidity cannot be reached by only running the first-level surface cooling 2, the solution dehumidification of the second-level surface cooling 3 is turned on. The heating device 4 is used to heat the air after dehumidification treatment, and whether to electrically heat it again is determined according to the outlet air temperature, so that the temperature of the fresh air sent to the unit reaches the comfortable working environment temperature of the power station staff.

[0200] The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a cooling device, and a water return device. The water intake device includes a first regulating valve 11, a second regulating valve 12, a water intake pump 13, a water intake pipe 14, and a water intake head 15. Its natural energy utilization process includes two working conditions, namely: natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition and natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition. In the natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition, only the primary surface cooler 2 operates, the water intake device operates, and surface water flows as cooling water through the first regulating valve 11 to the primary surface cooler 2 section to condense and dehumidify the air in the primary surface cooler 2 section. The water return device operates to send the cooling water that has undergone condensation heat exchange back to the surface, and the cycle repeats; in the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition, when the primary surface cooler 2 and the secondary surface cooler 3 operate simultaneously, the water intake device operates, and surface water flows as cooling water through the first regulating valve 11 and the second regulating valve 12 to condense and dehumidify the air in the primary surface cooler 2 section and cool down the adsorbent in the secondary surface cooler section. The water return device operates to send the cooling water that has undergone condensation heat exchange back to the surface, and the cycle repeats.

[0201] The heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger 16, a heat pump 17, and a fifth heat exchanger 18. Its heat recovery process includes two working conditions, namely: natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition and natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition. In the natural energy condensation dehumidification working condition, the heat pump 17 recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger 18. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < the indoor set target temperature tset, the heat pump 17 transports the recovered heat to the heating device 4 for release, so that the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification rises to the set target temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin > the indoor set target temperature tset, no heat recovery is carried out; in the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification working condition, the heat pump 17 recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger 18. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < the indoor set target temperature tset, the heat pump 17 transports a part of the recovered heat to the heating device 4 for release, so that the temperature of the air after condensation dehumidification rises to the set target temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin > the indoor set target temperature tset, it is not transferred to the heating device 4. At the same time, the heat pump 17 transfers a part of the recovered heat to the third heat exchanger 8 to heat the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

[0202] The solution dehumidification device includes a first heat exchanger 6, a second heat exchanger 7, a third heat exchanger 8, a packing tower 9, and a solution pump 10. The solution dehumidification process is as follows: in the secondary surface cooling section 3, under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure difference between the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the high-concentration adsorbent becomes a medium-low concentration adsorbent. The medium-low concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 under the action of the solution pump 10 to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high-concentration adsorbent, and the medium-low concentration adsorbent is heated. The heated medium-low concentration adsorbent then flows to the third heat exchanger 8 for the second heat exchange, and the heat pump 17 partially recovers the heat of the medium-low concentration adsorbent. Subsequently, the medium-low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packing tower 9 and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the excess moisture in the medium-low concentration adsorbent is transferred to the regeneration air, and the adsorbent concentration becomes concentrated to the high-concentration adsorbent, completing the regeneration. After the regeneration, the high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger 7 to exchange heat with the medium and low-concentration adsorbents for the first cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger 6, using surface water as cooling water to cool the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration for the second time. After the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration is cooled, it enters the secondary surface cooling 3 section, and the cycle is repeated for dehumidification. At the same time, the heating device 4 uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the air after the dehumidification treatment, and decides whether to electrically heat it again according to the outlet air temperature, so that the temperature of the fresh air sent to the unit reaches the comfortable working environment temperature of the power station staff.

[0203] The condensation monitoring device includes a camera 19, a temperature sensor 20, an image processor 21, and a central control unit 22. The condensation monitoring process is as follows: the camera 19 monitors the surface of the unit to obtain the unit surface image, and the image processor 21 performs operations such as image binarization, element feature extraction, and image sequence processing on the image. At the same time, the temperature sensor 20 monitors the indoor dry bulb temperature of the indoor tin and the surface temperature of the tsuf equipment for auxiliary monitoring, and finally obtains data such as whether the unit surface condenses and the size of the dew droplets, and all data are summarized to the central control unit 22.

[0204] The dew condensation control method includes two operating conditions, namely: natural energy condensation dehumidification condition and natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification condition. When it is monitored that the dew condensation on the unit surface reaches the start-up condition of the dehumidification system, the central control unit 22 first controls the opening of the natural energy utilization device, and the refrigeration and dehumidification system only operates under the natural energy condensation dehumidification condition; when the dew droplet size still does not decrease after the natural energy utilization device is turned on for refrigeration and dehumidification, at this time, only using the natural energy utilization device cannot meet the initial requirements, and the central control unit 22 controls the opening of the mechanical refrigeration dehumidification device, and the refrigeration and dehumidification system operates under the natural energy collaborative mechanical refrigeration condensation dehumidification condition. During the entire refrigeration and dehumidification process, the dew condensation monitoring device continuously operates to feedback and adjust the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration dehumidification device to achieve the purpose of energy saving.

[0205] The return air heating control method is that when the indoor dry bulb temperature tin < the indoor set target temperature tset, at this time, the temperature of the return air after dehumidification treatment is lower than the human comfort temperature. Under the natural energy condensation dehumidification condition, the central control unit 22 controls the heating device 4

[0206] to heat the return air by using electric heating to make the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reach tset; under the natural energy collaborative solution dehumidification condition, the central control unit 22 controls the opening of the heat recovery device to recover and utilize the heat recovered in the third heat exchanger 8 to heat the return air, that is, to dissipate heat from the medium and low concentration adsorbent, so that the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reaches tset. When only using the heat recovery device to heat the return air cannot make it reach tset, the central control unit 22 controls the opening of the electric heating to perform auxiliary heating of the return air.

Claims

1. A hydropower station solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for cascade energy utilization, characterized in that: It includes an indoor environment treatment device, a solution dehumidification device, a natural energy utilization device, a heat recovery device and a condensation monitoring device. The condensation monitoring device monitors the surface of the hydropower station generator set in real time, and controls the hydropower station dehumidification air conditioning system to operate in the first working condition or the second working condition according to the condensation situation on the surface of the hydropower station generator set; The indoor environment treatment device comprises a fresh air inlet, a return air inlet, a primary surface cooling section (2), a secondary surface cooling section (3), a heating device (4) and a blower (5); The first-level surface cooling section (2) is connected to the natural energy utilization device to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air through surface water; The secondary surface cooling section (3) is connected to the solution dehumidification device, and condenses, cools and dehumidifies the fresh air through the adsorbent; The heating device (4) heats and raises the temperature of the dehumidified air; The air supply fan (5) mixes the fresh air and the return air through the fresh air inlet and the return air inlet to supply the dehumidified air to the indoor environment; The natural energy utilization device includes a water intake device, a temperature reduction device, and a water return device; The water extraction device is used to extract surface water, a part of which is sent to the primary surface cooling section (2), and a part of which is sent to the cooling device; The cooling device uses surface water to cool the condenser; The condenser performs condensation heat exchange on the cooling water; The water return device returns the cooling water after condensation and heat exchange to the surface; The solution dehumidification device comprises a first heat exchanger (6), a second heat exchanger (7), a third heat exchanger (8), a packing tower (9), and a solution pump (10); The packed tower (9) is used to store the adsorbent; The solution pump (10) pumps the adsorbent in the packing tower (9) to the secondary surface cooling section (3) to adsorb moisture in the air; The first heat exchanger (6), the second heat exchanger (7), and the third heat exchanger (8) heat the adsorbent and send it back to the packing tower (9) to achieve recycling of the adsorbent; The heat recovery device includes a device for recovering heat and transmitting it to a heating device (4); The operation process of the dehumidification and air conditioning system of a hydropower station is as follows: When condensation occurs on the surface of the generator set of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device generates a first dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification air conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate in the first working condition; When the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station operates at the first operating condition for Tmax time, and the dew droplet particle size on the surface of the hydropower station generator set does not decrease, the condensation monitoring device generates a second dehumidification signal, thereby controlling the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station to operate at the second operating condition; When the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the first operating condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section (2); Surface water is used as cooling water to condense and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section (2); The heating device (4) uses electric heating to heat and raise the temperature of the air after refrigeration and dehumidification; The heat recovery device recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set; When the dehumidification and air conditioning system of the hydropower station is in the second working condition, the natural energy utilization device extracts surface water and sends it to the primary surface cooling section (2); the surface water is used as cooling water to condense, cool and dehumidify the fresh air in the primary surface cooling section (2); The solution dehumidification device pumps the high-concentration adsorbent to the secondary surface cooling section (3); the concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent is recorded as c1; Under the effect of the difference between the water vapor partial pressure of the air to be treated and the water vapor partial pressure of the concentrated solution, moisture is transferred from the air to the adsorbent, and the concentration of the high-concentration adsorbent decreases to become a medium-low concentration adsorbent with a concentration of c2; c2<c1; The medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger (7) under the action of the solution pump (10) to perform the first heat exchange with the regenerated high concentration adsorbent, thereby achieving preliminary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent; The heated medium and low concentration adsorbent flows to the third heat exchanger (8) for a second heat exchange, thereby achieving secondary heating of the medium and low concentration adsorbent; After the secondary heating, the medium and low concentration adsorbent enters the regeneration packing tower (9), and under the action of the water vapor partial pressure difference between the regeneration air and the solution, the concentration of the medium and low concentration adsorbent increases and is regenerated into a high concentration adsorbent; The regenerated high-concentration adsorbent flows to the second heat exchanger (7) to exchange heat with the medium- and low-concentration adsorbents for initial cooling, and then enters the first heat exchanger (6); The surface water is used as cooling water to perform secondary cooling on the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration is completed. After the high-concentration adsorbent after the regeneration is cooled, it enters the secondary surface cooling section (3), thereby realizing the circulation of the adsorbent between the solution dehumidification device and the secondary surface cooling section (3); The heat recovery device recovers waste heat generated by the generator set, and transfers the recovered heat to the heating device (4) and the solution dehumidification device for release; The heating device (4) uses the heat recovered by the heat recovery device to heat the air after the dehumidification process until the indoor dry bulb temperature tin reaches tset; tset is the indoor set target temperature.

2. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The condensation monitoring device comprises a camera (19), a temperature sensor (20), an image processor (21) and a central control unit (22); The camera (19) captures the surface image of the hydropower station generator set and transmits it to the image processor (21); The image processor (21) uses an image processing algorithm to identify the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, determines whether dew drops are present in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, and transmits the identification result to the central control unit (22); If dewdrops are present in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set, the central control unit (22) generates a first dehumidification signal, controls the operation of the indoor environment treatment device and the natural energy utilization device, utilizes surface water for dehumidification, and records the operation time T of the indoor environment treatment device; When T≥Tmax, the camera (19) captures the surface image of the hydropower station generator set and transmits it to the image processor (21); The image processor (21) processes the surface image of the hydropower station generator set using an image processing algorithm to determine whether the dew droplet diameter in the surface image of the hydropower station generator set is reduced; If the dew droplet size decreases, the central control unit (22) maintains the current operating state; if the dew droplet average size does not decrease, the central control unit (22) generates a second dehumidification signal to control the indoor environment treatment device, the solution dehumidification device, the natural energy utilization device, and the heat recovery device to perform dehumidification in a manner combining surface water and an adsorbent; The temperature sensor (20) monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature. When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin > tset, the central control unit (22) generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device; When the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < tset, the central control unit (22) generates a first heat recovery signal and transmits it to the heat recovery device.

3. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: When the heat recovery device receives the first heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set without transferring heat; When the heat recovery device receives the second heat recovery signal, it recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set, transfers part of the heat to the heating device (4) for release, raises the temperature of the air after condensation and dehumidification to tset, and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger (8) to heat the medium and low concentration adsorbent.

4. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The steps for the image processor (21) to process the surface image of the hydropower generator set using image processing algorithms include: image binarization, feature extraction, image sequence processing, and image feature recognition.

5. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The temperature sensor (20) monitors the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin and the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set and transmits them to the central control unit (22); The central control unit (22) determines whether to operate the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system by combining the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin, the surface temperature tsuf of the hydropower generator set, whether there is condensation on the surface of the unit, and the dew drop size.

6. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The indoor environment treatment device further includes a filter (1); The filter (1) filters the air output by the air blower (5).

7. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water intake device includes a first regulating valve (11), a second regulating valve (12), a water intake pump (13), a water intake pipe (14), and a water intake head (15); The water intake pump (13) extracts surface water through the water intake pipe (14) and the water intake head (15); When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the first condition, the first regulating valve (11) is opened, and the water intake pump (13) sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler section (2) through the first regulating valve (11); When the hydropower station dehumidification air-conditioning system operates in the second condition, the first regulating valve (11) and the second regulating valve (12) are opened, and the water intake pump (13) sends the surface water into the primary surface cooler section (2) through the first regulating valve (11) and the second regulating valve (12).

8. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat recovery device includes a fourth heat exchanger (16), a heat pump (17), and a fifth heat exchanger (18); The heat pump (17) recovers the waste heat generated by the generator set through the fifth heat exchanger (18); The heat pump (17) transfers part of the heat to the heating device (4) for release through the fourth heat exchanger (16), and transfers the remaining heat to the third heat exchanger (8).

9. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the heating device (4) heats and raises the temperature of the air after dehumidification treatment using the heat recovered by the heat recovery device, if the indoor dry-bulb temperature tin < test after heating, the heating device (4) reheats the air after dehumidification treatment by means of electric heating.

10. The solution dehumidification and air conditioning system for a hydropower station with cascade energy utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the dehumidification and air-conditioning system process of the hydropower station, the condensation monitoring device monitors the dew particle size on the surface of the hydropower station's generator set in real time, and performs feedback adjustment on the operating power of the natural energy utilization device and the mechanical refrigeration and dehumidification device based on the dew particle size.

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