Automatic metal subzero treatment system and subzero treatment process

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic metal subzero treatment system and a subzero treatment process, and particularly relates to the technical field of metal subzero treatment, the automatic metal subzero treatment system comprises a subzero box and a refrigeration mechanism arranged on the outer wall of the subzero box, a side door is arranged on one side of the subzero box, and a sealing cover is arranged at the top end of the subzero box; a material frame used for containing metal for subzero treatment is arranged in the subzero box, one side of the material frame is detachably connected with the side door, and a supporting and moving assembly is arranged at the bottom of the subzero box. The driving assembly drives the side door to drive the material frame and the tray to move, metal subjected to cryogenic treatment in the cryogenic box is automatically moved out, on one hand, workers do not need to stretch hands into the cryogenic box to take the metal, the frostbite risk is effectively avoided, on the other hand, the time for manually stacking the metal in the cryogenic box is saved, operation is more convenient and efficient, and the working efficiency is improved. In addition, the metal shell in the material frame is supported by the tray and the base plate to be transferred, other transfer tools are not needed, and the overall treatment efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal cryogenic treatment, and more specifically to an automatic metal cryogenic treatment system and a cryogenic treatment process. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the machinery industry, the requirements for metal materials are getting higher and higher. How to improve the mechanical properties and service life of metal workpieces as much as possible under the premise of the established materials and heat treatment processes has become a problem that many frontiers in the heat treatment industry think about and explore. After the heat treatment process, the hardness and mechanical properties of metal materials are greatly improved, but the heat treatment still has the following problems: 1. Residual austenite. Since austenite is very unstable, it is easy to transform into martensite when subjected to external force or ambient temperature changes. The specific volumes of austenite and martensite are different, which will cause irregular expansion of the material and reduce the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece. 2. The grain size of the organization is coarse, and the solid solution of the carbide of the material is supersaturated. 3. Residual internal stress. The residual internal stress after heat treatment will reduce the fatigue strength and other mechanical properties of the material, and it is easy to cause deformation of the workpiece during the stress release process. How to solve these problems? After unremitting research by many metal material researchers at home and abroad, deep and ultra-deep cryogenic treatment processes are considered to be the best way to solve these problems.

[0003] The cryogenic treatment process can transform the retained austenite into a harder, more stable, wear-resistant and heat-resistant martensite. The coarse martensite can be broken up and ultrafine carbides can be precipitated, thereby playing a role of dispersion strengthening on the overall organization, improving the performance of the metal material, and significantly improving the hardness, impact toughness and wear resistance. After the cryogenic treatment, the internal thermal stress and mechanical stress of the metal material are greatly reduced, and because the micropores or stress concentration parts are produced in the cooling process, plastic rheology is generated, and compressive stress is generated on the surface of such vacancy during the heating process. This compressive stress can greatly reduce the damage of defects to the local performance of the workpiece, thereby effectively reducing the possibility of deformation and cracking of the metal workpiece. For example, the prior art publication number is the cryogenic treatment process of austenitic stainless steel of CN117512297A, which uses a deep cold box to treat austenitic stainless steel through a cryogenic treatment process to improve the tensile properties, wear resistance and impact toughness of austenitic stainless steel and the dimensional stability of the material.

[0004] However, the existing metal cryogenic boxes still have the following problems when in use: the cryogenic box is usually equipped with an upper cover for loading and unloading materials. However, the inner cavity of the cryogenic box has a certain depth. When the workers place the metal materials, the operation is difficult, which is both time-consuming and physically demanding. In addition, during the unloading process, due to the extremely low temperature inside the cryogenic box, it is easy to get frostbite when manually picking up the metal materials, resulting in slow loading and unloading speeds and low overall processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention provides an automated cryogenic treatment system and a cryogenic treatment process for metal, which drives the side door through a driving component to drive the material rack and the pallet to move, and automatically removes the cryogenically treated metal in the cryogenic box. On the one hand, the staff does not need to reach into the cryogenic box to take the metal, which effectively avoids the risk of frostbite. On the other hand, it saves the time of manually stacking metal in the cryogenic box, and the operation is more convenient and efficient. In addition, the metal shell in the material rack is transferred by the support of the pallet and the pad, without the aid of other transfer tools, which greatly improves the overall processing efficiency to solve the problems arising from the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automated cryogenic treatment system for metals, comprising a cryogenic box and a refrigeration mechanism arranged on the outer wall of the cryogenic box, a side door being provided on one side of the cryogenic box, a sealing cover being provided on the top of the cryogenic box, a material rack for placing metals for cryogenic treatment being provided inside the cryogenic box, one side of the material rack being detachably connected to the side door, a supporting and moving assembly being provided at the bottom of the cryogenic box, the supporting and moving assembly comprising a tray connected to the side door, a pad being provided inside the tray, the bottom end of the pad being connected to the top end of the tray by a lifting assembly, a plurality of universal wheels with brakes being fixedly provided at the bottom of the tray, and a driving assembly for driving the side door to move is connected to both the front and rear sides of the cryogenic box.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the material rack includes a base plate and a enclosure, the enclosure is sleeved on the outside of the base plate and is detachably connected to the base plate, and the base plate and the outer wall of the enclosure are processed with multiple rectangular through holes, and the rectangular through holes are provided for sufficient contact and reaction between liquid nitrogen and metal in the material.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, two symmetrically distributed connecting blocks are fixedly provided on one side of the side door close to the enclosure, and the enclosure is arranged between the two connecting blocks and is detachably connected to the two. When it is necessary to take the metal in the material rack, the staff can first remove the enclosure from the bottom plate, and the stacked metal is not hindered by the enclosure, which facilitates the staff to quickly take the metal.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the lifting assembly includes multiple electric push rods, which are all fixed and penetrate the bottom end of the tray, and the top end of the piston rod of each electric push rod is detachably connected to the bottom of the pad, and the multiple electric push rods are all arranged between multiple universal wheels to prevent the electric push rods from affecting the use of the universal wheels.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the driving assembly includes an electric push rod 2, one end of the piston rod of the electric push rod 2 is connected to a fixed plate, two electromagnetic locks are fixedly embedded in the front and rear outer walls and the bottom outer wall of the side door, the top of the tray and the outer walls of the two fixed plates are processed with lock grooves compatible with the electromagnetic locks, and the electromagnetic locks are locked with the lock grooves. By controlling the electromagnetic lock switch, the side door, fixed plate and pallet can be quickly disassembled, thereby improving the efficiency of loading and unloading.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, multiple mounting plates are detachably installed on the outer walls of the front and rear sides of the deep cold box, and the multiple mounting plates are all sleeved on the outside of the electric push rod 2. Two limit grooves are processed on one side of each mounting plate, and the two limit grooves are arranged above and below the electric push rod 2. Two limit plates are connected to the side of the fixed plate close to the electric push rod 2, and the limit plates pass through the limit grooves. The limit plates cooperate with the mounting plates, and when the electric push rod 2 is extending and retracting, the limit plates slide in the limit grooves, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the side door.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, a plurality of supporting rollers are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the deep freezer, and the plurality of supporting rollers are in contact with the bottom of the base plate.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, an exhaust valve is fixedly passed through the top end of the sealing cover, and the exhaust valve is communicated with the interior of the cryogenic box.

[0014] The present invention also includes a cryogenic treatment process of the above-mentioned metal automated cryogenic treatment system, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0015] Step 1: First, stack the cleaned metal inside the rack on the pad, then push the rack between the two electric push rods, connect the side door with the fixed plate and the pallet, use the electric push rod to shrink and drive the side door, pallet and rack to move, send the rack into the deep freezer, and close the side door and sealing cover;

[0016] Step 2: Use the refrigeration mechanism to transport liquid nitrogen into the cryogenic box for refrigeration, and the metal is cryogenically treated in the cryogenic box according to the set time;

[0017] Step 3: After the metal cryogenic treatment is completed, use the drive assembly to drive the side door, the rack and the tray to move together, move the rack out of the cryogenic box, and use the electric push rod to drive the pad to rise and support the bottom of the rack, and then you can take the cryogenically treated metal;

[0018] Step 4: Separate the side door from the drive assembly and the pallet, release the brakes on the universal wheels, and push the pallet to transfer the metal in the rack.

[0019] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0020] 1. The present invention drives the side door through the driving assembly to drive the material rack and the pallet to move, and automatically removes the metal that has been cryogenically treated in the cryogenic box. On the one hand, the staff does not need to reach into the cryogenic box to take the metal, which effectively avoids the risk of frostbite. On the other hand, it saves the time of manually stacking the metal in the cryogenic box, and the operation is more convenient and efficient. In addition, the metal shell in the material rack is supported by the pallet and the pad for transfer, without the need for other transfer tools, which greatly improves the overall processing efficiency;

[0021] 2. The material rack is formed by the bottom plate and the enclosure, and the enclosure is removed from the bottom plate. When loading, it is convenient for the staff to quickly stack the metal. When unloading, the stacked metal is not hindered by the enclosure, which is convenient for the staff to quickly take the metal, thereby further improving the efficiency of loading and unloading;

[0022] 3. The structure of the present invention is detachable for easy disassembly and maintenance, thereby improving the convenience of equipment maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a top view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of a cryogenic box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the material rack of the present invention being moved out;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the side door and the drive assembly of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material rack and the tray of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 A bottom view of a tray of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the material rack structure of the present invention.

[0031] The accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 1. deep freezer; 2. refrigeration mechanism; 3. side door; 4. sealing cover; 5. material rack; 6. support moving assembly; 7. driving assembly; 8. connecting block; 9. mounting plate; 10. limit slot; 11. limit plate; 12. support roller; 13. exhaust valve;

[0032] 51. bottom plate; 52. enclosure; 53. rectangular through hole;

[0033] 61. tray; 62. pad; 63. lifting assembly; 631. electric push rod 1; 64. universal wheel;

[0034] 71. Electric push rod 2; 72. Fixed plate; 73. Electromagnetic lock; 74. Lock slot. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 1-8 The present invention provides an automated cryogenic treatment system for metals, comprising a cryogenic box 1 and a refrigeration mechanism 2 arranged on the outer wall of the cryogenic box 1, the refrigeration mechanism 2 comprising a liquid nitrogen tank, a solenoid valve and a vortex fan, the vortex fan being mounted on the inner wall of the cryogenic box 1, the solenoid valve being mounted on the outer wall of the cryogenic box 1 and being connected to the vortex fan and the liquid nitrogen tank, an exhaust valve 13 being fixedly penetrated at the top of the sealing cover 4, the exhaust valve 13 being P25X-16T, the exhaust valve 13 having a caliber of 15-50mm, a pressure of 1.0-4.0Mpa, a temperature of -20°C to 90°C, being made of brass, having an automatic exhaust function, and the brass material being able to maintain good performance in a cryogenic environment, being suitable for use in the present invention, the exhaust valve 13 being connected to the interior of the cryogenic box 1, and a nitrogen recovery device being connected to the exhaust valve 13 to prevent direct nitrogen discharge pollution.

[0037] A side door 3 is provided on one side of the cryogenic box 1, a sealing cover 4 is provided on the top of the cryogenic box 1, a material rack 5 for placing metal for cryogenic treatment is provided inside the cryogenic box 1, one side of the material rack 5 is detachably connected to the side door 3, a supporting moving assembly 6 is provided at the bottom of the cryogenic box 1, the supporting moving assembly 6 includes a tray 61 connected to the side door 3, a pad 62 is provided inside the tray 61, the bottom end of the pad 62 is connected to the top end of the tray 61 through a lifting assembly 63, specifically, the lifting assembly 63 includes a plurality of electric push rods 631, the electric push rod 631 uses LAM1-1-1-400-241, and the thrust of this electric push rod 631 is 400 0N, pulling force 3000N, self-locking force 4000N, speed 8 / 11mm / S, rated operation rate 10%, current can be selected as 12VDC / 24VDC, standard protection grade IP54, high rigidity, low noise, compact structure, and therefore suitable for use in the present invention, multiple electric push rods 631 are fixed through the bottom end of the tray 61, and the top end of the piston rod of each electric push rod 631 is detachably connected to the bottom of the pad 62, multiple electric push rods 631 are arranged between multiple universal wheels 64, and multiple universal wheels 64 with brakes are fixed at the bottom end of the tray 61, and the front and rear sides of the deep cold box 1 are connected with a driving component 7 for driving the side door 3 to move.

[0038] In actual use, liquid nitrogen is transported by a liquid nitrogen tank in the refrigeration mechanism 2, and the liquid nitrogen is dispersed into the cryogenic box 1 by the vortex fan. Refrigeration is achieved by utilizing the principle of liquid nitrogen sublimation, heat absorption, and thermal balance to achieve cryogenic treatment of the metal. After the cryogenic treatment of the metal is completed, the driving component 7 is used to drive the side door 3 to open automatically. When the side door 3 is opened, it drives the material rack 5 and the tray 61 to move together to prevent frostbite when the staff reaches into the cryogenic box 1 to take the metal. In addition, when the material rack 5 is slowly moved out, an electric push rod 631 is used to drive the pad 62 to rise and support the bottom of the material rack 5. After the material rack 5 is completely moved out of the deep freezer 1, the side door 3 is separated from the drive assembly 7 and the tray 61, and the metal in the material rack 5 can be transferred with the help of the tray 61. When discharging the material, the metal can also be stacked in the material rack 5 first, and then the material rack 5 is pushed to the side of the deep freezer 1. After the side door 3 is connected with the material rack 5 and the tray 61, the material rack 5 can be automatically sent to the deep freezer 1 with the help of the drive assembly 7, which can save the time of the staff to manually stack the metal in the deep freezer 1, and there is no need to use other transfer tools, which greatly improves the processing efficiency and is more convenient to operate.

[0039] In this embodiment, if Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the drive assembly 7 includes an electric push rod 71. The electric push rod 71 can be of the same model LAM1-1-1-400-241 as the electric push rod 631. One end of the piston rod of the electric push rod 71 is connected to a fixed plate 72. Two electromagnetic locks 73 are fixedly embedded in the front and rear outer walls and the bottom outer wall of the side door 3. The top of the tray 61 and the outer walls of the two fixed plates 72 are machined with lock grooves 74 that are compatible with the electromagnetic locks 73. The electromagnetic locks 73 are locked with the lock grooves 74. By controlling the switch of the electromagnetic lock 73, the side door 3, the fixed plate 72 and the tray 61 can be quickly disassembled, thereby improving the efficiency of loading and unloading.

[0040] In addition, multiple mounting plates 9 are detachably installed on the outer walls of the front and rear sides of the deep cold box 1. The multiple mounting plates 9 are all sleeved on the outside of the electric push rod 71. Two limiting grooves 10 are processed on one side of each mounting plate 9. The two limiting grooves 10 are arranged above and below the electric push rod 71. The fixed plate 72 is connected to two limiting plates 11 on the side close to the electric push rod 71. The limiting plates 11 pass through the limiting grooves 10. The limiting plates 11 cooperate with the mounting plates 9. When the electric push rod 71 is extending and retracting, the limiting plates 11 slide in the limiting grooves 10, thereby improving the stability of the movement of the side door 3.

[0041] Refer to the instruction manual Figure 3-4 , Figure 6 and Figure 8 The material rack 5 includes a bottom plate 51 and a fence 52. The fence 52 is sleeved on the outside of the bottom plate 51 and is detachably connected to the bottom plate 51. When the metal in the material rack 5 needs to be taken out, the staff can first remove the fence 52 from the bottom plate 51. The stacked metal is not hindered by the fence 52, which is convenient for the staff to quickly take the metal. The outer walls of the bottom plate 51 and the fence 52 are processed with a plurality of rectangular through holes 53. The rectangular through holes 53 are provided for the liquid nitrogen to fully contact and react with the metal in the material.

[0042] In addition, two symmetrically distributed connecting blocks 8 are fixedly provided on one side of the side door 3 close to the enclosure 52. The enclosure 52 is arranged between the two connecting blocks 8 and is detachably connected to the two by a plurality of bolts. By loosening the bolts between the connecting blocks 8 and the enclosure 52, the enclosure 52 and the bottom plate 51 can be separated from the side door 3, making it convenient for the staff to take the processed metal.

[0043] Moreover, a plurality of support rollers 12 are detachably mounted on the inner wall at the bottom of the cryogenic box 1 , and the plurality of support rollers 12 are in contact with the bottom of the bottom plate 51 to play a supporting role, thereby improving the stability of the material rack 5 placed in the cryogenic box 1 .

[0044] The present invention also provides a cryogenic treatment process of the above-mentioned metal automatic cryogenic treatment system, and the specific steps are as follows:

[0045] Step 1: First, stack the cleaned metal inside the rack 5 on the pad 62, then push the rack 5 between the two electric push rods 71, and then connect the side door 3 with the fixed plate 72 and the tray 61, and use the electric push rod 71 to shrink and drive the side door 3, the tray 61 and the rack 5 to move, and send the rack 5 into the deep freezer 1, and close the side door 3 and the sealing cover 4;

[0046] Step 2: Use the refrigeration mechanism 2 to transport liquid nitrogen into the cryogenic box 1 for refrigeration, and the metal is cryogenically treated in the cryogenic box 1 according to the set time;

[0047] Step 3: After the metal cryogenic treatment is completed, the drive assembly 7 is used to drive the side door 3, the material rack 5 and the tray 61 to move together, and the material rack 5 is moved out of the cryogenic box 1. At the same time, the electric push rod 631 is used to drive the pad 62 to rise and support at the bottom of the material rack 5, and then the metal after the cryogenic treatment can be taken out;

[0048] Step 4: Separate the side door 3 from the drive assembly 7 and the tray 61 , release the brake of the universal wheel 64 , and push the tray 61 to transfer the metal in the rack 5 .

[0049] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal automatic cryogenic treatment system, comprising a cryogenic box (1) and a refrigeration mechanism (2) arranged on the outer wall of the cryogenic box (1), a side door (3) being arranged on one side of the cryogenic box (1), and a sealing cover (4) being arranged on the top of the cryogenic box (1), characterized in that: The cryogenic box (1) is provided with a material rack (5) for placing metal for cryogenic treatment, and one side of the material rack (5) is detachably connected to the side door (3); The bottom of the deep freezer (1) is provided with a supporting and moving assembly (6), the supporting and moving assembly (6) comprises a tray (61) connected to the side door (3), a pad (62) is provided inside the tray (61), the bottom end of the pad (62) is connected to the top end of the tray (61) via a lifting assembly (63), and a plurality of universal wheels (64) with brakes are fixedly provided at the bottom end of the tray (61); Both the front and rear sides of the deep freezer (1) are connected with a driving assembly (7) for driving the side door (3) to move.

2. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material rack (5) comprises a bottom plate (51) and a surrounding baffle (52), wherein the surrounding baffle (52) is sleeved on the outside of the bottom plate (51) and is detachably connected to the bottom plate (51), and the outer walls of the bottom plate (51) and the surrounding baffle (52) are both processed with a plurality of rectangular through holes (53).

3. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two symmetrically distributed connecting blocks (8) are fixedly provided on one side of the side door (3) close to the enclosure (52); the enclosure (52) is arranged between the two connecting blocks (8) and is detachably connected to the two connecting blocks.

4. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (63) comprises a plurality of electric push rods (631), each of which is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the tray (61), and the top end of the piston rod of each electric push rod (631) is detachably connected to the bottom of the pad (62), and the plurality of electric push rods (631) are arranged between the plurality of universal wheels (64).

5. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving assembly (7) comprises an electric push rod (71), one end of the piston rod of the electric push rod (71) is connected to a fixed plate (72), two electromagnetic locks (73) are fixedly embedded in the front and rear outer walls and the bottom outer wall of the side door (3), the top of the tray (61) and the outer walls of the two fixed plates (72) are processed with lock grooves (74) compatible with the electromagnetic locks (73), and the electromagnetic locks (73) are locked with the lock grooves (74).

6. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer walls of the front and rear sides of the deep cold box (1) are detachably mounted with a plurality of mounting plates (9), which are all sleeved on the outside of the second electric push rod (71), and one side of each mounting plate (9) is processed with two limit slots (10), which are arranged above and below the second electric push rod (71), and the fixing plate (72) is connected to two limit plates (11) near one side of the second electric push rod (71), and the limit plates (11) pass through the limit slots (10).

7. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of supporting rollers (12) are detachably mounted on the inner wall of the bottom of the deep cold box (1), and the plurality of supporting rollers (12) are all in contact with the bottom of the bottom plate (51).

8. The metal automatic cryogenic treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An exhaust valve (13) is fixedly passed through the top end of the sealing cover (4), and the exhaust valve (13) is communicated with the interior of the cryogenic box (1).

9. The cryogenic treatment process of the metal automated cryogenic treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The specific steps are as follows: Step 1: First, the cleaned metal is piled inside the material rack (5) on the pad (62), and then the material rack (5) is pushed between the two electric push rods (71), and then the side door (3) is connected to the fixed plate (72) and the tray (61), and the electric push rod (71) is contracted to drive the side door (3), the tray (61) and the material rack (5) to move, and the material rack (5) is sent into the deep freezer (1), and the side door (3) and the sealing cover (4) are closed; Step 2: using a refrigeration mechanism (2) to transport liquid nitrogen into the cryogenic box (1) for refrigeration, and the metal is cryogenically treated in the cryogenic box (1) according to a set time; Step 3: After the metal cryogenic treatment is completed, the drive assembly (7) is used to drive the side door (3), the material rack (5) and the tray (61) to move together, and the material rack (5) is moved out of the cryogenic box (1). At the same time, the electric push rod (631) is used to drive the pad (62) to rise and support at the bottom of the material rack (5), and then the metal after the cryogenic treatment can be taken out; Step 4: Separate the side door (3) from the drive assembly (7) and the tray (61), release the brake of the universal wheel (64), and push the tray (61) to transfer the metal in the material rack (5).

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