Sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological survey

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological survey, and discloses a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological survey, which comprises a shell, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively formed in the left end and the right end of the shell, and a first flow sensor, a first filtering mechanism and a second flow sensor are sequentially arranged in the shell from left to right; the first filtering mechanism comprises a first filtering plate and a cleaning assembly which are arranged in the shell, and a filtering cylinder and a centrifugal weighing assembly are arranged on the lower side of the first filtering plate; according to the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological survey, sediment adhering to the filter plate can be cleaned up into the filter cylinder through cooperation of the scraper and the air injection device, then weighing is conducted after centrifugation, the accuracy of the measurement result can be improved, a two-stage filter structure is arranged, data of the flow of small-particle-size sediment and the flow of large-particle-size sediment can be obtained, and the accuracy of the measurement result is improved. Richer experimental data are provided for hydrological survey, and water flow impact is used as power to block objects such as gravels in a water body outside the device, so that the measurement result is prevented from being influenced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological testing, in particular to a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing. Background Art

[0002] Sediment flow monitoring is one of the hydrological test items, which generally refers to the observation and measurement of the form, quantity and evolution process of sediment movement with water flow in the basin and water body. It usually refers to the suspended sediment transport rate, bedload transport rate, riverbed quality determination and sediment particle gradation analysis of the river.

[0003] For example, in the patent with publication number CN115711613A, a sediment flow monitoring device is placed in a water body, and the water mixed with sediment is passed through the pipe in the device, and a filter is installed in the pipe to filter the sediment, and then the flow before and after filtration is detected successively. The filtered sediment is then removed and weighed at regular intervals. However, it does not take into account that the sediment has strong adhesion, and long-term filtration will block the filter holes and affect the filtration effect. In addition, when sampling, part of the sediment adheres to the filter and is difficult to remove, which will affect the accuracy of the measurement results after sampling.

[0004] Therefore, in order to solve the above technical problems existing in the prior art, a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing. The device has the function of cleaning the sediment adhered to the filter plate into a filter cartridge through the cooperation of a scraper and an air jet device, and then weighing the sediment after centrifugation, thereby improving the accuracy of the measurement result. The device is provided with a two-stage filtering structure, and data of small-particle sediment flow and large-particle sediment flow can be obtained, thereby providing more abundant experimental data for hydrological testing, and utilizing the impact of water flow as a power to block objects such as sand and gravel in the water body outside the device to avoid affecting the measurement result. The device solves the problem in the prior art mentioned in the above background technology that, due to the strong adhesion of the sediment, the filter holes will be blocked after long-term filtration, thereby affecting the filtering effect, and during sampling, part of the sediment adheres to the filter screen and is difficult to remove, thereby affecting the accuracy of the measurement result after sampling.

[0006] The present invention provides the following technical solution: a sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing, comprising a housing, a water inlet and a water outlet are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the housing, and a first flow sensor, a first filtering mechanism and a second flow sensor are sequentially arranged in the housing from left to right;

[0007] The first filter mechanism comprises a first filter plate and a cleaning assembly disposed in the housing, and a filter cartridge and a centrifugal weighing assembly are disposed on the lower side of the first filter plate;

[0008] When conducting a hydrological test, water flows into the housing from the water inlet, and the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water is first monitored by the first flow sensor. The first filter plate filters the sediment and then the water flow rate is monitored by the second flow sensor.

[0009] Finally, the silt filtered off the first filter plate is sent into the filter cartridge by the cleaning component, and the silt is centrifugally weighed by the centrifugal weighing component to measure the silt content.

[0010] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing of the present invention, the cleaning assembly includes a magnetic scraper slidably arranged on the left end of the first filter plate, a slide seat is slidably arranged in the shell, a magnet is arranged on the slide seat, and the magnet is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate;

[0011] The cleaning assembly also includes a plurality of jet assemblies, which are arranged linearly. The jet assembly includes a high-pressure spray gun disposed on the magnet, and the high-pressure spray gun is used to spray airflow toward the filter holes of the first filter plate to assist in cleaning mud and sand.

[0012] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing of the present invention, the jet assembly further comprises a piston and a fixed plug arranged in the high-pressure spray gun, and both the piston and the fixed plug are provided with a one-way valve;

[0013] The high-pressure spray gun is provided with a first sealing groove, a first sealing plate is slidably arranged in the first sealing groove, and the first sealing plate is connected to the piston via a connecting piece;

[0014] The cleaning assembly further comprises a reciprocating motion assembly, and the reciprocating motion assembly is used to drive the first sealing plate and the piston to slide reciprocatingly in the high-pressure spray gun;

[0015] A plurality of the first sealing plates are connected in sequence.

[0016] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing described in the present invention, wherein: the reciprocating motion component includes a second sealing groove opened in the housing, a second sealing plate is slidably arranged in the second sealing groove, the second sealing plate is connected to the sliding seat, one of the first sealing plates is connected to the second sealing plate, a first rotating disk is rotatably arranged on the second sealing plate, and a connecting plate is arranged on the second sealing plate;

[0017] The reciprocating motion assembly also includes a first connecting rod, both ends of which are respectively hinged to the first turntable and the connecting plate through hinge shafts, a gear is arranged on the first turntable, a rack is arranged in the housing, and the gear is meshed with the rack.

[0018] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing of the present invention, wherein: a guide plate and a first cylinder are arranged in the housing, the guide plate is located between the water inlet and the first filter plate, and the piston rod of the first cylinder is connected to the slide seat;

[0019] A gate plate and a second cylinder are arranged in the shell, a piston rod of the second cylinder is connected to the gate plate, a drainage groove is opened in the shell, the drainage groove is located at the lower side of the gate plate, the filter cartridge is located in the drainage groove, and a first solenoid valve is arranged in the drainage groove.

[0020] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing of the present invention, wherein: the centrifugal weighing assembly includes a rotating seat rotatably arranged in the drainage trough, the rotating seat is provided with a bottom plate, and the bottom plate is provided with a weight sensor;

[0021] A first connecting seat and a third cylinder are arranged in the drainage groove, a piston rod of the third cylinder is connected to the first connecting seat, and a second connecting seat is arranged on the bottom plate;

[0022] The centrifugal weighing assembly further comprises a second connecting rod, two ends of which are respectively movably hinged to the first connecting seat and the second connecting seat through hinge shafts;

[0023] A motor is also arranged in the drainage trough, and the output shaft of the motor is transmission-connected to the filter cartridge via a belt transmission device.

[0024] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing of the present invention, wherein: the first filtering mechanism is provided with two, and the filter hole diameter of the first filter plate located on the left side is larger than the filter hole diameter of the first filter plate located on the right side;

[0025] A third flow sensor is disposed in the housing, the second flow sensor is located between the two first filter plates, and the third flow sensor is located on the right side of the first filter plate close to the right side.

[0026] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing described in the present invention, a second solenoid valve, a drain pipe and a water pump are arranged on the shell, the second solenoid valve is located at the right end of the shell, one end of the drain pipe is connected to the water pump, and the other end of the drain pipe is connected to the water outlet.

[0027] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing described in the present invention, a second filtering mechanism is also arranged on the shell, and the second filtering mechanism includes a second filter plate arranged on the left end of the shell, and a third filter plate is slidably arranged on the second filter plate, and the second filter plate and the third filter plate are both arc-shaped.

[0028] As an optional solution of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing described in the present invention, wherein: a second turntable is rotatably arranged on the shell, an impeller is arranged on the second turntable, and the second filtering mechanism also includes a third connecting rod, and both ends of the third connecting rod are respectively hinged to the third filter plate and the second turntable through hinges.

[0029] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The cleaning component of the sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing slides down along the filter plate through the scrapers and jet devices on both sides of the filter plate. In addition to scraping off the sediment with the scrapers, the jet device can also automatically extract gas from the water surface and pressurize it and spray it to the filter plate, so that the adhered sediment will fly onto the scrapers and fall, thereby cleaning the filter plate. This can not only prevent the filter plate from being blocked due to long-term filtration of sediment, but also prevent the sediment content measurement result from being affected due to the inability to collect some adhered sediment.

[0031] 2. The sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing is equipped with two sets of first filtering mechanisms to achieve two-stage filtration, first filtering out the sediment with larger particles and then filtering out the sediment with smaller particles. Three flow sensors are set accordingly, so that the sediment flow can be calculated not only by measuring the flow of the sediment and water mixture and the water flow. It can also further subdivide and measure the flow of small-size sediment, large-size sediment flow, small-size sediment content and large-size sediment content. This greatly enriches the experimental data of hydrological testing.

[0032] 3. In order to prevent large particles such as stones in the water from entering the device and affecting the measurement results and damaging the device, the second filter plate and the third filter plate are installed at the water inlet. The filter holes of the second filter plate and the third filter plate correspond to each other. Under the impact of the water flow, the second filter mechanism will automatically trigger the third filter plate to swing back and forth relative to the second filter plate. By constantly misaligning the filter holes of the two, it can also prevent objects such as stones from sticking to the second filter plate and affecting the water flow entering the device. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the present invention as a whole.

[0035] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle.

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0037] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point C in the middle.

[0039] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the first filtering mechanism in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the jet assembly in the present invention.

[0041] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the centrifugal weighing assembly in the present invention.

[0042] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the second filtering mechanism in the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 100, housing; 110, water inlet; 120, water outlet; 130, first flow sensor; 140, second flow sensor; 150, third flow sensor; 160, second solenoid valve; 170, drain pipe; 180, water pump; 200, first filtering mechanism; 210, first filter plate; 220, cleaning assembly; 221, magnetic scraper; 222, slide seat; 223, magnet; 224, jet assembly; 2241, high-pressure spray gun; 2242, piston; 2243, fixing plug; 2244, one-way valve; 2245, first sealing groove; 2246, first sealing plate; 2247, connecting piece; 225, reciprocating motion assembly; 2251, second sealing groove; 2252, second sealing plate; 2 253, the first turntable; 2254, the connecting plate; 2255, the first connecting rod; 2256, the gear; 2257, the rack; 226, the guide plate; 227, the first cylinder; 230, the gate; 240, the second cylinder; 250, the drain trough; 260, the first solenoid valve; 270, the filter cartridge; 280, the centrifugal weighing assembly; 281, the turntable; 282, the bottom plate; 283, the weight sensor; 284, the first connecting seat; 285, the third cylinder; 286, the second connecting seat; 287, the second connecting rod; 288, the motor; 289, the belt transmission device; 300, the second filtering mechanism; 310, the second filter plate; 320, the third filter plate; 330, the second turntable; 340, the impeller; 350, the third connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] For example, see Figure 1-Figure 8 A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing includes a housing 100, characterized in that: a water inlet 110 and a water outlet 120 are respectively provided at the left and right ends of the housing 100, and a first flow sensor 130, a first filtering mechanism 200 and a second flow sensor 140 are sequentially arranged in the housing 100 from left to right;

[0046] The first filter mechanism 200 includes a first filter plate 210 and a cleaning assembly 220 disposed in the housing 100. A filter cartridge 270 and a centrifugal weighing assembly 280 are disposed on the lower side of the first filter plate 210.

[0047] When conducting a hydrological test, water flows into the housing 100 from the water inlet 110, and the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water is first monitored by the first flow sensor 130, and the first filter plate 210 filters the sediment and then monitors the water flow rate by the second flow sensor 140;

[0048] Finally, the silt filtered from the first filter plate 210 is sent to the filter cartridge 270 by the cleaning assembly 220, and the silt is centrifugally weighed by the centrifugal weighing assembly 280 to measure the silt content;

[0049] The cleaning assembly 220 includes a magnetic scraper 221 slidably disposed on the left end of the first filter plate 210, a slide seat 222 slidably disposed in the housing 100, a magnet 223 is disposed on the slide seat 222, and the magnet 223 is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate 210;

[0050] The cleaning assembly 220 further includes a plurality of jet assemblies 224, which are arranged linearly. The jet assemblies 224 include a high-pressure spray gun 2241 disposed on the magnet 223, and the high-pressure spray gun 2241 is used to spray airflow toward the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 to assist in cleaning the sediment.

[0051] The jet assembly 224 further includes a piston 2242 and a fixed plug 2243 disposed in the high-pressure spray gun 2241, and a one-way valve 2244 is disposed on the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243;

[0052] A first sealing groove 2245 is provided on the high pressure spray gun 2241, a first sealing plate 2246 is slidably provided in the first sealing groove 2245, and the first sealing plate 2246 is connected to the piston 2242 via a connecting piece 2247;

[0053] The cleaning assembly 220 further includes a reciprocating assembly 225, which is used to drive the first sealing plate 2246 and the piston 2242 to slide reciprocatingly in the high-pressure spray gun 2241;

[0054] A plurality of first sealing plates 2246 are connected in sequence;

[0055] The reciprocating motion assembly 225 includes a second sealing groove 2251 provided in the housing 100, a second sealing plate 2252 is slidably disposed in the second sealing groove 2251, the second sealing plate 2252 is connected to the slide seat 222, one of the first sealing plates 2246 is connected to the second sealing plate 2252, a first rotating disk 2253 is rotatably disposed on the second sealing plate 2252, and a connecting plate 2254 is disposed on the second sealing plate 2252;

[0056] The reciprocating motion assembly 225 further includes a first connecting rod 2255, both ends of which are respectively hinged to the first rotating disk 2253 and the connecting plate 2254 through hinge shafts, a gear 2256 is provided on the first rotating disk 2253, a rack 2257 is provided in the housing 100, and the gear 2256 is meshed with the rack 2257;

[0057] A guide plate 226 and a first cylinder 227 are provided in the housing 100. The guide plate 226 is located between the water inlet 110 and the first filter plate 210. The piston rod of the first cylinder 227 is connected to the slide seat 222.

[0058] A gate plate 230 and a second cylinder 240 are arranged in the shell 100, and the piston rod of the second cylinder 240 is connected to the gate plate 230. A drainage groove 250 is opened in the shell 100, and the drainage groove 250 is located at the lower side of the gate plate 230. The filter cartridge 270 is located in the drainage groove 250, and a first solenoid valve 260 is arranged in the drainage groove 250.

[0059] In this embodiment: the housing 100 is placed in the water body, and the height can be adjusted by a bracket installed on the shore, or by a bracket inserted into the bottom of the water. The water flows into the housing 100 from the water inlet 110, and the flow rate of the mixture of silt and water is first detected by the first flow sensor 130, and then the silt is filtered through the filter holes on the first filter plate 210, and then the water flow rate is detected by the second flow sensor 140, and the silt flow rate can be calculated. The first flow sensor 130 and the second flow sensor 140 can use various flow detection equipment such as ultrasonic flow sensors, as conventional technical means, and their working principles are not described in detail.

[0060] Finally, water flows out from the water outlet 120, and the filtered sediment is cleaned from the first filter plate 210 by the cleaning assembly 220. At this time, the gate plate 230 is driven to move to the left by the second cylinder 240, so that the channel between the first filter plate 210 and the drainage trough 250 is opened, and the sediment is removed into the filter cartridge 270. The filter cartridge 270 is centrifugally dehydrated by the centrifugal weighing assembly 280 and then weighed. The sediment content can be calculated by the weight of the sediment and the water flow time and the flow measured by the first flow sensor 130 and the second flow sensor 140.

[0061] The water thrown out by the filter cartridge 270 is gathered to the first solenoid valve 260 through the drainage groove 250 inclined toward the first solenoid valve 260, and is discharged into the water body by the first solenoid valve 260. The first solenoid valve 260 can also be a water pump.

[0062] Specifically, when cleaning the first filter plate 210, the silt gathers at the left end of the first filter plate 210, but some of the silt will block the filter holes. The slide 222 is driven down by the first cylinder 227. At this time, the magnet 223 is lowered together with the slide 222, and since the slide 222 has a magnetic attraction to the magnetic scraper 221, it will also drive the magnetic scraper 221 to descend.

[0063] On the left side, the magnetic scraper 221 scrapes the sediment on the left end of the first filter plate 210 downwards, while on the right side, Figure 7 As can be seen in the figure, a slide groove is provided at the lower end of the slide seat 222, and the guide plate 226 is slidably installed in the slide groove of the slide seat 222.

[0064] When the second sealing plate 2252 is descending, the gear 2256 meshes with the rack 2257, so that the gear 2256 and the first turntable 2253 rotate, and the first connecting rod 2255 drives the connecting plate 2254, the second sealing groove 2251 and the first sealing plates 2246 to move back and forth.

[0065] The upper end of the high-pressure spray gun 2241 extends out of the water surface, and the one-way valve 2244 is used to limit the one-way flow of air from right to left.

[0066] When a plurality of pistons 2242 are driven by a plurality of first sealing plates 2246 to move back and forth, when the piston 2242 and the one-way valve 2244 on the right side move to the right, the one-way valve 2244 on the right side opens, while the one-way valve 2244 on the fixed plug 2243 at a fixed position on the left side is closed, forming a negative pressure environment between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243, and the air on the water surface is drawn into between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243 under the pressure difference.

[0067] When the piston 2242 and the one-way valve 2244 on the right side move to the left, the one-way valve 2244 on the right side is closed, and the one-way valve 2244 on the left side is opened. The gas between the piston 2242 and the fixed plug 2243 is pushed by the piston 2242 through the one-way valve 2244 on the left side and enters the left side of the fixed plug 2243. Then the gas enters the high-pressure spray gun 2241 from the left side of the fixed plug 2243. The high-pressure spray gun 2241 uses a high-pressure nozzle, which can pressurize the gas and spray it toward the first filter plate 210.

[0068] At the same time, the mud and sand that clogs the first filter plate 210 will be ejected to the left by the airflow, fall on the inner wall of the magnetic scraper plate 221, and then fall down.

[0069] In addition, the guide plate 226 serves to block the water flow and reduce the impact of the water flow on the upper side of the first filter plate 210. The first sealing plate 2246 slides left and right in the first sealing groove 2245 to maintain a good seal, and the second sealing plate 2252 slides up and down and left and right in the second sealing groove 2251 to maintain a good seal.

[0070] Embodiment 2: This embodiment is an improvement on Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 2-Figure 9 The centrifugal weighing assembly 280 includes a rotating seat 281 rotatably disposed in the drainage groove 250 , a bottom plate 282 is disposed on the rotating seat 281 , and a weight sensor 283 is disposed on the bottom plate 282 ;

[0071] A first connection seat 284 and a third cylinder 285 are provided in the drainage groove 250 , a piston rod of the third cylinder 285 is connected to the first connection seat 284 , and a second connection seat 286 is provided on the bottom plate 282 ;

[0072] The centrifugal weighing assembly 280 further includes a second connecting rod 287, both ends of which are respectively hinged to the first connecting seat 284 and the second connecting seat 286 through hinge shafts;

[0073] A motor 288 is also provided in the drainage trough 250 , and the output shaft of the motor 288 is transmission-connected to the filter cartridge 270 via a belt transmission device 289 .

[0074] In this embodiment, the filter cartridge 270 is rotatably mounted on the top wall of the drain trough 250. The bottom plate 282 and the weight sensor 283 seal the bottom end of the filter cartridge 270 through the support of the third cylinder 285. The mud and sand falling on the weight sensor 283 can be weighed. The filter cartridge 270 is driven to rotate by the motor 288, and the water in the mud and sand can be thrown out. The belt drive device 289 is composed of two pulleys and a belt.

[0075] After weighing is completed, the third cylinder 285 drives the first connecting seat 284 to slide down along the inner wall of the drainage trough 250. At this time, the first connecting seat 284, the second connecting rod 287 and the second connecting seat 286 transmit the bottom plate 282 and the weight sensor 283 to rotate clockwise based on the rotating seat 281, and the lower end of the filter cartridge 270 is opened to let the mud and sand fall, and the mud and sand are also discharged by controlling the switch of the first solenoid valve 260.

[0076] Embodiment 3: This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 2-Figure 5 , the first filter mechanism 200 is provided with two, and the filter hole diameter of the first filter plate 210 located on the left side is larger than the filter hole diameter of the first filter plate 210 located on the right side;

[0077] A third flow sensor 150 is disposed in the housing 100 , the second flow sensor 140 is located between the two first filter plates 210 , and the third flow sensor 150 is located on the right side of the first filter plate 210 close to the right side;

[0078] The housing 100 is provided with a second solenoid valve 160 , a drain pipe 170 and a water pump 180 . The second solenoid valve 160 is located at the right end of the housing 100 . One end of the drain pipe 170 is connected to the water pump 180 , and the other end of the drain pipe 170 is connected to the water outlet 120 .

[0079] In this embodiment: Further, two first filter mechanisms 200 are provided on the left and right sides, and the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the left side allow some sediment with smaller particle sizes to pass through, and when reaching the right side, all the sediment is intercepted by the filter holes of the first filter plate 210 on the right side. By adding a third flow sensor 150, the flow rate of small-particle-size sediment and the flow rate of large-particle-size sediment can be obtained.

[0080] The second solenoid valve 160 cooperates with the drain pipe 170 and the water pump 180 to drain the water in the housing 100 .

[0081] Embodiment 4: This embodiment is an improvement made on the basis of Embodiment 1. For details, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 10 The housing 100 is also provided with a second filter mechanism 300, the second filter mechanism 300 comprises a second filter plate 310 provided at the left end of the housing 100, a third filter plate 320 is slidably provided on the second filter plate 310, and both the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320 are arc-shaped;

[0082] The housing 100 is rotatably provided with a second turntable 330 on which an impeller 340 is disposed. The second filtering mechanism 300 further includes a third connecting rod 350 , the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the third filter plate 320 and the second turntable 330 through hinge shafts.

[0083] In this embodiment: Considering that there may be large objects such as stones or other objects in the water body, it has nothing to do with the sediment content, but it will affect the measurement results and damage the device.

[0084] Therefore, the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320 installed at the water inlet 110 are used to block objects with larger particles. The filter holes of the two are one-to-one corresponding, but under the action of water flow impacting the impeller 340, the impeller 340 drives the second turntable 330 to rotate without limiting the rotation direction. As long as the second turntable 330 rotates, the third filter plate 320 can be driven to slide in an arc on the second filter plate 310 through the transmission of the third connecting rod 350. By continuously misaligning the filter holes of the second filter plate 310 and the third filter plate 320, the second filter plate 310 can be prevented from being blocked by large particles.

[0085] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0086] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing, comprising a housing (100), characterized in that: The left and right ends of the housing (100) are respectively provided with a water inlet (110) and a water outlet (120); and the housing (100) is provided with a first flow sensor (130), a first filtering mechanism (200) and a second flow sensor (140) in sequence from left to right; The first filtering mechanism (200) comprises a first filter plate (210) and a cleaning assembly (220) arranged in the housing (100); a filter cartridge (270) and a centrifugal weighing assembly (280) are arranged on the lower side of the first filter plate (210); When conducting a hydrological test, water flows into the housing (100) from the water inlet (110), and the flow rate of the mixture of sediment and water is first monitored by the first flow sensor (130). The first filter plate (210) filters the sediment and then the water flow rate is monitored by the second flow sensor (140); Finally, the silt filtered off the first filter plate (210) is sent into the filter cartridge (270) through the cleaning component (220), and the silt is centrifugally weighed by the centrifugal weighing component (280) to measure the silt content.

2. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning component (220) comprises a magnetic scraper (221) slidably arranged on the left end of the first filter plate (210); a slide seat (222) is slidably arranged in the housing (100); a magnet (223) is arranged on the slide seat (222); and the magnet (223) is slidably connected to the right end of the first filter plate (210); The cleaning assembly (220) further comprises a plurality of jet assemblies (224), wherein the plurality of jet assemblies (224) are arranged in a linear manner, and the jet assemblies (224) comprise a high-pressure spray gun (2241) disposed on the magnet (223), wherein the high-pressure spray gun (2241) is used to spray airflow toward the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) to assist in cleaning mud and sand.

3. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: The jet assembly (224) further comprises a piston (2242) and a fixed plug (2243) disposed in the high-pressure spray gun (2241), and a one-way valve (2244) is disposed on both the piston (2242) and the fixed plug (2243); The high-pressure spray gun (2241) is provided with a first sealing groove (2245), a first sealing plate (2246) is slidably arranged in the first sealing groove (2245), and the first sealing plate (2246) is connected to the piston (2242) via a connecting piece (2247); The cleaning assembly (220) further comprises a reciprocating assembly (225), wherein the reciprocating assembly (225) is used to drive the first sealing plate (2246) and the piston (2242) to slide reciprocatingly in the high-pressure spray gun (2241); A plurality of the first sealing plates (2246) are connected in sequence.

4. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 3, characterized in that: The reciprocating motion component (225) comprises a second sealing groove (2251) provided in the housing (100), a second sealing plate (2252) being slidably disposed in the second sealing groove (2251), the second sealing plate (2252) being connected to the sliding seat (222), one of the first sealing plates (2246) being connected to the second sealing plate (2252), a first rotating disk (2253) being rotatably disposed on the second sealing plate (2252), and a connecting plate (2254) being disposed on the second sealing plate (2252); The reciprocating motion assembly (225) further comprises a first connecting rod (2255), the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the first rotating disk (2253) and the connecting plate (2254) via hinge shafts, the first rotating disk (2253) is provided with a gear (2256), the housing (100) is provided with a rack (2257), and the gear (2256) is meshed with the rack (2257).

5. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide plate (226) and a first cylinder (227) are provided in the housing (100); the guide plate (226) is located between the water inlet (110) and the first filter plate (210); and a piston rod of the first cylinder (227) is connected to the slide seat (222); A gate plate (230) and a second cylinder (240) are arranged in the housing (100); a piston rod of the second cylinder (240) is connected to the gate plate (230); a drainage groove (250) is provided in the housing (100); the drainage groove (250) is located at the lower side of the gate plate (230); the filter cartridge (270) is located in the drainage groove (250); and a first solenoid valve (260) is arranged in the drainage groove (250).

6. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal weighing assembly (280) comprises a rotating seat (281) rotatably disposed in the drainage groove (250), a bottom plate (282) being disposed on the rotating seat (281), and a weight sensor (283) being disposed on the bottom plate (282); A first connecting seat (284) and a third cylinder (285) are provided in the drainage groove (250); a piston rod of the third cylinder (285) is connected to the first connecting seat (284); and a second connecting seat (286) is provided on the bottom plate (282); The centrifugal weighing assembly (280) further comprises a second connecting rod (287), and two ends of the second connecting rod (287) are respectively movably hinged to the first connecting seat (284) and the second connecting seat (286) via hinge shafts; A motor (288) is also provided in the drainage trough (250), and an output shaft of the motor (288) is transmission-connected to the filter cartridge (270) via a belt transmission device (289).

7. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two of the first filter mechanisms (200) are provided, and the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) located on the left side is larger than the diameter of the filter holes of the first filter plate (210) located on the right side; A third flow sensor (150) is disposed in the housing (100), the second flow sensor (140) is located between the two first filter plates (210), and the third flow sensor (150) is located on the right side of the first filter plate (210) close to the right side.

8. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing (100) is provided with a second solenoid valve (160), a drain pipe (170) and a water pump (180); the second solenoid valve (160) is located at the right end of the housing (100); one end of the drain pipe (170) is connected to the water pump (180); and the other end of the drain pipe (170) is connected to the water outlet (120).

9. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second filter mechanism (300) is also provided on the housing (100), the second filter mechanism (300) comprising a second filter plate (310) provided at the left end of the housing (100), a third filter plate (320) being slidably provided on the second filter plate (310), and the second filter plate (310) and the third filter plate (320) both being arc-shaped.

10. A sediment flow monitoring device for hydrological testing according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second rotating disk (330) is rotatably arranged on the housing (100), and an impeller (340) is arranged on the second rotating disk (330). The second filtering mechanism (300) further comprises a third connecting rod (350), and two ends of the third connecting rod (350) are respectively movably hinged to the third filter plate (320) and the second rotating disk (330) through hinge shafts.

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