Discharge detection method and device for solar panel driving mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a discharge detection method and device for a solar panel driving mechanism, and relates to the technical field of satellite on-orbit management. Through the advantages of non-contact, anti-electromagnetic interference, high sensitivity and the like of the fluorescent optical fiber technology, the method is gradually applied to fault detection. And due to the fluorescence frequency shift characteristic, the radiation spectrum is matched with the response spectrum of a typical single-photon device, so that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of partial discharge detection of the fluorescent optical fiber is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention discloses a discharge detection method and device for a solar sail panel driving mechanism, and relates to the technical field of satellite on-orbit management. Background Art

[0002] The solar array drive mechanism (SADA) is a key device for energy supply and signal transmission of the spacecraft system. Its core component, the spacecraft drive slip ring, is the lifeline for energy supply. Once a fault occurs, the spacecraft will lose power supply and the entire satellite mission will fail. The spacecraft drive slip ring is directly exposed to the space environment. Atomic oxygen, solar electromagnetic radiation, charged particles, etc. in the space environment will directly act on the spacecraft drive slip ring, causing radiation effect, charging effect and erosion effect. Among them, the deep charging effect of the spacecraft caused by high-energy charged particles is the most serious damage to the spacecraft. Insulating materials with good insulation properties are more likely to accumulate charges under electron irradiation, causing electrostatic discharge. Electrostatic discharge can directly cause electronic equipment failures and even damage to instruments and materials. Due to the electric field of the conductive ring and the friction between the brush and the ring, it is very likely that the wear debris will be charged. Under the action of the DC constant electric field, the wear debris moves in a specific direction, gathers, and adheres to the surface of the conductor or insulator, thereby causing electric field distortion and even inducing vacuum surface flashover of the slip ring.

[0003] Traditional sensors face multiple bottlenecks when detecting discharge signals in a space environment: capacitive sensors have a dielectric constant drift due to volatilization of the organic dielectric layer or atomic oxygen corrosion in a vacuum. For example, the capacitive electrostatic field probes on the International Space Station need to be replaced every two years. The piezoelectric coefficient of piezoelectric sensors drops by more than 50% at ultra-low temperatures (-150°C), making it difficult to capture weak vibration signals of micro-discharges. Electrochemical sensors rely on liquid electrolytes, which evaporate and fail quickly in a vacuum environment. Hall sensors are susceptible to single-particle effects caused by cosmic rays, which once caused the current monitoring value of a satellite bus to jump by more than 200%. In addition, traditional solutions require additional power supply and metal wires, which not only increase the weight of satellite payloads (typical units > 10 grams), but also may cause discharge risks. These essential defects have forced the aerospace industry to seek disruptive alternatives such as fluorescent optical fibers.

[0004] At present, the detection methods for partial discharge are mainly based on electrical signal detection, and the commonly used methods include pulse current method, ultra-high frequency method, electric field detection and ultrasonic method. However, in the complex operating environment of spacecraft drive slip rings, the electrical parameter detection method is susceptible to electromagnetic interference and has strong equipment intrusion or large signal noise, which limits the detection effect and accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a discharge detection method and device for a solar panel driving mechanism, and the technical solution adopted is: In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a discharge detection device for a solar panel drive mechanism, which is arranged between a metal shielding mechanism and an insulating baffle of an aerospace drive mechanism, wherein the discharge detection device includes a fluorescent optical fiber sensor module, a signal acquisition and processing module, a discharge positioning analysis module, and an alarm display module; The fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is installed on the solar sail panel driving mechanism, and is used to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module; The signal acquisition and processing module is used to extract discharge characteristic information through the electrical signal and the optical signal; The discharge positioning analysis module is used to obtain the discharge position and intensity information of the solar panel driving mechanism through the discharge characteristic information; The alarm display module is used to alarm the discharge position and intensity information; Wherein, the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module includes an excitation light source, a fluorescent optical fiber, an optical fiber connector, a quartz optical fiber, an optical fiber collimator and a vacuum photomultiplier tube; The excitation light source is used to emit a start signal of a specific wavelength; the fluorescent optical fiber is used to generate emission light according to the start signal, and excite the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module to emit a light signal through the optical fiber connector; the quartz optical fiber is used to transmit the light signal, and the optical fiber connector homogenizes it into a light beam and introduces it into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; the optical fiber collimator is used to couple the light signal into the vacuum photomultiplier tube with maximum efficiency, and the vacuum photomultiplier tube is used to convert the light signal into a discharge electrical signal, and transmit the local discharge signal to the signal acquisition and processing module.

[0006] In some implementations, the fluorescent fiber optic sensing module includes a nano-ceramic coating; The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module connects the sensing points in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the slip ring discharge system in the solar panel driving mechanism.

[0007] In some implementations, the signal acquisition and processing module includes a spectrum analyzer and a digital signal processing unit; The spectrum analyzer is used to decompose the incident light into lights of different wavelengths by using a grating, and obtain the spectrum characteristics of the discharge process by performing light intensity analysis; The digital signal processing unit is used to denoise and filter the electrical signal according to the wavelet threshold denoising method by using the sym8 wavelet in the Symlets wavelet system, and to perform time-frequency analysis through the windowing technology to extract characteristic information of the discharge process.

[0008] In some implementations, the discharge location analysis module is used to collect signal differences from the fluorescent fiber optic sensor module, and to assess the degree of hazard based on changes in signal intensity of partial discharge, and to determine the type of fault by analyzing the discharge frequency.

[0009] In some implementations, the alarm display module is used to set a Heursure threshold and automatically alarm according to the discharge signal intensity of the vacuum photomultiplier tube.

[0010] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a discharge detection method for a solar panel driving mechanism. According to the discharge detection device described in the first aspect, the method includes: A fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is arranged in the solar panel driving mechanism to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module; According to the fluorescent optical fiber, a specific wavelength of light is emitted by an excitation light source, and the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module is irradiated; According to the signal acquisition processing unit, time-frequency analysis is performed on the electrical signal through filtering processing, and characteristic information of the electrical signal and the optical signal is extracted; the characteristic information includes frequency, intensity and duration; According to the discharge location analysis module, the local discharge position of the signal difference is confirmed by multi-point signal location, and the discharge degree is evaluated according to the intensity of the discharge signal; The distribution, intensity, location and warning information of partial discharge are displayed through the alarm display module, and corresponding measures are obtained based on the monitoring results; Among them, a fluorescent fiber optic sensor module is set in the solar sail driving mechanism to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal acquisition and processing module, which specifically includes: According to the start signal of the specific wavelength provided by the excitation light source, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is excited by the optical fiber connector; According to the optical fiber connector, the emission light emitted by the fluorescent optical fiber is input into the quartz optical fiber; the optical signal is homogenized into a light beam and introduced into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; According to the optical fiber collimator, coupling the optical signal into a vacuum photomultiplier tube; According to the vacuum photomultiplier tube, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and voltage conversion is performed.

[0011] In some implementations, the method further includes: According to the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module, the sensing points are connected in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the slip ring discharge system in the solar panel driving mechanism.

[0012] In some implementations, when the fluorescent fiber optic sensing module identifies a local discharge signal and determines that its intensity exceeds a preset Heursure threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered and the position is located; using the signal processing module, the spatial position of the local discharge source is determined through time difference and phase difference analysis of multi-point signals, and fault diagnosis is performed.

[0013] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer instructions, wherein when the one or more computer instructions are executed by the processor, the method described in the first aspect above is implemented. In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement the method described in the first aspect.

[0014] One or more embodiments of the present invention can bring at least the following beneficial effects: The device of the present invention can realize high-sensitivity and high-precision discharge detection: the fluorescent optical fiber sensor can detect weak partial discharge signals, and has higher sensitivity and accuracy than traditional electrical detection methods, and can detect potential partial discharge problems at an early stage; Non-contact and safe: The fluorescent fiber optic sensor module does not need to directly contact the electrical equipment, which can avoid the safety hazards caused by contact measurement in traditional methods, will not interfere with the normal operation of electrical equipment, and is suitable for real-time monitoring in extreme environments; The device of the present invention has strong anti-electromagnetic interference capability: the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module has natural resistance to electromagnetic interference, can work stably in a complex power environment, and ensures the reliability of the detection results; Real-time positioning and intelligent diagnosis: By combining time difference analysis and phase difference positioning of multi-point signals, the system can accurately locate the location of the discharge source, evaluate the health status of the equipment based on the intensity and frequency changes of partial discharge, and provide fault warnings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a discharge detection device for a solar panel driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a working scenario of a discharge detection device for a solar sail panel driving mechanism provided by an embodiment of the present invention in a solar sail panel driving mechanism; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a wavelet threshold denoising process provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a waveform diagram of an original discharge signal containing noise provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a waveform diagram of an original discharge signal containing noise provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a waveform diagram of the discharge pulse distribution obtained by the window analysis provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the metal shielding mechanism 18 provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Section view along line AA.

[0017] Reference numerals: Fluorescent fiber optic sensor module——1 Signal acquisition and processing module——2 Discharge location analysis module——3 Alarm display module——4 Solar panel drive mechanism——5 Insulation baffle - 6 Copper slide - 7 Slip ring discharge system——8 Flange——9 Excitation light source——10 Fluorescent fiber - 11 Fiber Optic Connectors - 12 Quartz fiber - 13 Fiber Collimator——14 Vacuum photomultiplier tube - 15 Spectrum Analyzer - 16 Digital Signal Processing Unit——17 Metal shielding mechanism - 18 Discharge detection device——19 DETAILED DESCRIPTION It is worth noting that the methods used in the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; the raw materials and devices used are all conventional commercially available products, and their sources are not specifically limited unless otherwise specified.

[0018] Embodiment 1: Figure 1A schematic diagram of a discharge detection device for a solar panel driving mechanism is shown. Figure 1 , 7 As shown, the discharge detection device 19 provided in this embodiment is arranged between the metal shielding mechanism 18 and the insulating baffle 6 of the aerospace drive mechanism 5, and the discharge detection device 19 includes a fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1, a signal acquisition and processing module 2, a discharge positioning analysis module 3 and an alarm display module 4; The fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 is installed in the solar panel driving mechanism 5, and is used to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system 8, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module 2; like Figure 7 , 8 As shown, the solar panel driving mechanism 5 includes a solar panel driving mechanism 5, an insulating baffle 6, a copper slide 7, a sliding discharge system 8, a flange 9 and a metal shielding mechanism 18; When the solar panel driving mechanism 5 is working and the solar panel is converting electric energy, the brush in the solar panel driving mechanism 5 moves along the copper track 7, discharges in the insulating baffle 6 to generate an electric signal, and at this time, the discharge characteristic information of the electric signal is extracted through the signal acquisition and processing module 2; Then, the discharge location and intensity information of the solar panel driving mechanism is obtained through the discharge location analysis module 3 according to the discharge characteristic information; The alarm display module 4 is used to give an alarm for the discharge position and intensity information; The insulating baffle 6 is used to provide insulating support for the copper slide 7; The copper slideway 7 is used for transmission of power and signals; The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 includes an excitation light source 10, a fluorescent optical fiber 11, an optical fiber connector 12, a quartz optical fiber 13, an optical fiber collimator 14 and a vacuum photomultiplier tube 15; The excitation light source 10 is used to emit a start signal of a specific wavelength; The fluorescent optical fiber 11 is used to generate emission light according to the start signal, and stimulate the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 to emit an optical signal through the optical fiber connector 12; The quartz optical fiber 13 is used to transmit the optical signal, and the optical fiber connector 12 homogenizes the optical signal into a light beam and guides the light beam into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; The optical fiber collimator 14 is used to couple the optical signal into the vacuum photomultiplier tube 15 with maximum efficiency. The vacuum photomultiplier tube 15 is used to convert the optical signal into a discharge electrical signal and transmit the local discharge signal to the signal acquisition and processing module 2 .

[0019] Furthermore, the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 includes a nano-ceramic coating Al2O3 to achieve thermal stability within the range of -200°C to +200°C and avoid thermal expansion mismatch. Conventional electrochemical sensor electrode materials (such as Ag / AgCl) are prone to decomposition and failure under radiation. The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 of the device of the present invention adopts a rare-earth insulating baffle 6 and a copper slide 7; Earth-doped radiation-hardened glass Er³⁺ / Yb³⁺ co-doped optical fiber enhances radiation resistance through ion implantation process, avoiding signal drift caused by radiation in traditional semiconductor sensors.

[0020] The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 connects the sensing points in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the solar panel driving mechanism 5. A single fluorescent optical fiber connects multiple sensing points in series to cover multiple discharge risk areas of SADA (such as bearings and slip rings) without the need for additional wiring; compared with the distributed capacitive sensors in the prior art that require complex electrode arrays, it can avoid increasing the weight and complexity of the system.

[0021] The fluorescent fiber optic sensing module 1 of the device of the present invention adopts micro-nano optical fiber (diameter <50 μm) integrated in the hinge of the sailboard or the driving motor, and weighs only 1 / 100 (<0.1 g / m) of the traditional EMI sensor, which can overcome the problem that the traditional Hall sensor requires a magnetic core and a coil and cannot be miniaturized to the same scale.

[0022] The optical signal capture efficiency TE is calculated based on the refractive index of the coating and the core. The coating core model with higher optical signal capture efficiency is selected. In the formula, n c1 and n c0 are the refractive indices of the cortex and the core, respectively.

[0023] Meanwhile, further, the signal acquisition and processing module 2 includes a spectrum analyzer 16 and a digital signal processing unit 17; The spectrum analyzer 16 is used to decompose the incident light into lights of different wavelengths by using a grating, and obtain the spectrum characteristics of the discharge process by performing light intensity analysis; The digital signal processing unit 17 is used to denoise and filter the electrical signal according to the wavelet threshold denoising method by using the sym8 wavelet in the Symlets wavelet system, and to perform time-frequency analysis through the windowing technology to extract the characteristic information of the discharge process.

[0024] The determining factor of whether the fluorescent optical fiber of the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 can effectively couple the discharge light radiation is the matching degree between the local discharge light radiation spectrum and the optical fiber excitation spectrum. The appropriate element doping concentration is selected by calculating the optical fiber spectrum matching degree.

[0025] Where λ1 and λ2 are the boundaries of the radiation spectrum range; I PDe,λ and I Fa，λ They are respectively the discharge radiation spectrum intensity and the fiber excitation spectrum intensity at the regularized wavelength λ.

[0026] Furthermore, the discharge location analysis module 3 is used to collect the signal difference of the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1, and to evaluate the degree of hazard in combination with the signal intensity change of the partial discharge, and to determine the fault type by analyzing the discharge frequency.

[0027] The characteristic differences of the discharge signal are captured by the fluorescent fiber sensing module 1 for subsequent deep learning model training. In order to make full use of multiple features, this embodiment adopts the Transformer multimodal encoder to jointly encode the discharge features of each mode. By retaining the unique information of each channel, it is ensured that the spatial features can be utilized. After feature learning, the optimized low-dimensional feature representation is used for cluster analysis to locate the discharge position. The trained model can be used to predict the collected data, and the discharge position of the partial discharge data can be determined by cluster analysis.

[0028] Furthermore, the alarm display module 4 is used to set a Heursure threshold and automatically alarm according to the discharge signal intensity of the vacuum photomultiplier tube 15 .

[0029] The device of the present invention is adapted to the space environment and has strong resistance to radiation, temperature difference, vacuum, electromagnetic interference and mechanical stress: The fluorescent optical fiber 11 uses a fluoride optical fiber material that is highly radiation-resistant and stable at low and high temperatures, ensuring that the fluorescent optical fiber system has a good temperature compensation function and can resist the influence of radiation.

[0030] The fluorescent optical fiber 11 and the quartz optical fiber 13 are designed with multi-layer coating protection. The first flexible coating material on the outer side of the cladding is made of polyurethane (PU), which is wear-resistant, radiation-resistant, and corrosion-resistant. It has good flexibility and strength, maintains excellent flexibility at low temperatures, can adapt to extreme temperature differences, and protects the optical fiber from vibration and mechanical shock experienced by spacecraft. The secondary high-temperature coating layer is made of ceramic coating. The ceramic material has extremely high temperature resistance and can provide effective protection at extreme temperatures. Both parts of the optical fiber are irradiated before formal use to increase the stability of the material under high radiation in space.

[0031] At the same time, the optical fiber collimator 14 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy material to ensure high-strength connection while being resistant to high and low temperatures, radiation, and shielding electromagnetic interference.

[0032] Since energy is extremely precious in space missions, the signal acquisition and processing module 2, the discharge positioning analysis module 3 and the alarm display module 4 are designed with low power consumption, using low-power ARM architecture processors, and implementing dynamic voltage and frequency adjustment operation strategies to further reduce the power consumption of the entire device.

[0033] At the same time, in order to ensure the high reliability of the electrical signal transmission and processing module in the space environment, the anti-radiation and electromagnetic shielding design adjustments were made. The power electronic devices were radiation hardened to reduce the impact of high-energy particles on the electrical performance of the system. At the same time, lightweight aluminum alloy was used on the outside of the module for shielding to prevent electromagnetic waves from entering or leaking.

[0034] Embodiment 2: Based on the first embodiment, an installation embodiment of a discharge detection device for a solar panel driving mechanism is provided, such as Figure 8 As shown, the discharge detection device 19 includes a fluorescent fiber optic sensor module 1 installed on the solar panel driving mechanism 5, and a signal acquisition and processing module 2 connected to the fluorescent fiber optic sensor module 1, a discharge positioning analysis module 3 connected to the signal acquisition and processing module 2, and an alarm display module 4 connected to the discharge positioning analysis module 3; the fluorescent fiber optic sensor module 1 is used to sense the discharge light signal generated by the solar panel driving mechanism 5, and obtain an electrical signal through photoelectric conversion and amplification; the electrical signal is transmitted to the signal acquisition and processing module 2 to extract the characteristic information of the discharge; the position and intensity of the discharge of the solar panel driving mechanism 5 are obtained through the discharge positioning analysis module 3; and finally the position, intensity and change trend of the discharge are displayed through the alarm display module 4.

[0035] The fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 includes a photomultiplier tube 15. When the solar panel driving mechanism 5 generates discharge, the photomultiplier tube 15 receives the optical signal transmitted by the fluorescent optical fiber 11 and converts it into an electrical signal.

[0036] This device is used to detect the discharge of the solar panel drive mechanism 5, such as Figure 1 As shown, the slip ring discharge system 8 of the solar panel driving mechanism 5 generates a discharge light signal, the fluorescent fiber optic sensor module 1 is installed on the flange 9 of the solar panel driving mechanism 5, the signal acquisition and processing module 2 receives the electrical signal output by the discharge detection device 19 of the solar panel driving mechanism 5, processes it to obtain the discharge signal, extracts the discharge information features, determines the position and intensity of the discharge through the discharge positioning analysis module 3, and displays it through the alarm display module 4.

[0037] The fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 includes an excitation light source 10, a fluorescent optical fiber 11, an optical fiber connector 12, a quartz optical fiber 13, an optical fiber collimator 14, and a vacuum photomultiplier tube 15. Figure 2 As shown. The excitation light source 10 is used to provide a light source for the device and has good adjustable capability. The specific design parameters are determined according to the power equipment environment. The fluorescent optical fiber 11 generates a strong fluorescent response through the light irradiation of the excitation light source 10. The arc light generated by the discharge will excite the fluorescent optical fiber 11 and cause it to emit fluorescence. The intensity of the fluorescent signal is related to the intensity of the local discharge. The light emitted by the fluorescent optical fiber 11 is input into the quartz optical fiber 13 by the optical fiber connector 12 for optical signal transmission. The optical fiber connector 12 homogenizes the light beam and introduces it into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit. The optical fiber collimator 14 allows the optical signal to be coupled into the vacuum photomultiplier tube 15 with maximum efficiency. The vacuum photomultiplier tube 15 receives the optical signal transmitted by the optical fiber and converts it into an electrical signal. It is equipped with a U / I conversion circuit (integral resistor circuit) and an amplification and filtering circuit. It has many advantages such as high detection reliability and is not affected by electromagnetic interference and operating environment.

[0038] The signal acquisition and processing module 2 includes a spectrum analyzer 16 and a digital signal processing unit 17. The spectrum analyzer 16 is used to analyze the wavelength and intensity of the fluorescence signal. The digital signal processing unit 17 performs denoising, filtering and time-frequency analysis on the signal to extract characteristic information of the discharge (such as position, intensity, frequency, etc.).

[0039] The device of the present invention has inherent anti-interference characteristics based on the all-dielectric passive architecture. The device of the present invention can achieve inherent anti-interference and all-dielectric passive architecture; the all-optical principle completely avoids electromagnetic interference (EMI) and the risk of causing discharge (traditional electrochemical / capacitive sensors require electrodes and wires, which are easy to become discharge channels).

[0040] The voltage at the slip ring of the Satellite Solar Panel Drive Device (SADA) is as high as 20 kV. Traditional sensors have the risk of arc breakdown due to metal parts, while fluorescent optical fibers can detect discharge photons without contact.

[0041] The device of the present invention can ensure its robustness in extreme environments: Radiation resistance: Rare earth doped glass (such as Er³⁺ / Ce³⁺) can withstand >10 6 rad ionizing radiation (conventional semiconductor sensors fail at 10³ rad).

[0042] Temperature range: -200°C (liquid hydrogen storage) to +300°C (engine combustion chamber), relying on the thermal stability of quartz optical fiber (traditional piezoelectric materials break down below -50°C).

[0043] Vacuum compatible: fully sealed structure without adhesive, mass loss rate (TML) <0.1% (ASTM E595 standard).

[0044] The device of the present invention has distributed and miniaturized capabilities: Distributed sensing: A single optical fiber connects 100+ sensing points in series, with a spatial resolution of 1 cm (traditional sensors need to be distributed discretely, and the wiring cost is high).

[0045] Miniaturization: Micro-nano optical fibers with a diameter of less than 50 μm can be embedded in narrow spaces such as bearings and chip gaps (the minimum size of traditional Hall sensors is > 5 mm³).

[0046] The device of the present invention has the advantages of self-calibration and long life: Self-referencing technology: dual wavelength excitation or dual channel fluorescence contrast, real-time compensation of signal drift caused by radiation / temperature (traditional sensors require regular manual calibration).

[0047] Lifespan: Inorganic materials have no aging or degradation, and the design lifespan is >15 years (the lifespan of traditional electrochemical sensors is usually <5 years).

[0048] Embodiment three: In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a discharge detection method for a solar panel drive mechanism. Based on the first and second embodiments, the method includes: A fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 is arranged in the solar panel driving mechanism 5 to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system 8, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module 2; According to the fluorescent optical fiber 11, a specific wavelength of light is emitted through the excitation light source 10, and the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 is irradiated; According to the signal acquisition and processing unit, time-frequency analysis is performed on the electrical signal, and characteristic information of the electrical signal is extracted; the characteristic information includes frequency, intensity and duration; According to the discharge location analysis module 3, the local discharge position of the signal difference is confirmed by multi-point signal location, and the discharge degree is evaluated according to the intensity of the discharge signal; According to the distribution, intensity, location and warning information of partial discharge, the alarm display module 4 is used to display the information, and corresponding measures are obtained according to the monitoring results; Among them, a fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 is set in the solar sail driving mechanism 5 to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system 8, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module 2, which specifically includes: According to the start signal of the specific wavelength provided by the excitation light source 10, the optical signal of the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module 1 is excited through the optical fiber connector 12; According to the optical fiber connector 12, the emission light emitted by the fluorescent optical fiber 11 is input into the quartz optical fiber 13, and the optical signal is homogenized into a light beam and introduced into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; According to the optical fiber collimator 14, the optical signal is coupled into the vacuum photomultiplier tube 15; According to the vacuum photomultiplier tube 15, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and voltage conversion is performed.

[0049] In some implementations, the method further includes: According to the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module 1 , the sensing points are connected in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber 11 to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the solar panel driving mechanism 5 .

[0050] In some implementations, when the fluorescent fiber optic sensor module 1 identifies a local discharge signal and determines that its intensity exceeds a preset Heursure threshold, an alarm is automatically triggered and the position is located; using the signal processing module, the spatial position of the local discharge source is determined through time difference and phase difference analysis of multi-point signals, and fault diagnosis is performed.

[0051] The collected original discharge signal usually contains a lot of noise, which mainly includes leakage current from the voltage source and Gaussian white noise and random noise from the surrounding environment. In order to minimize the impact of these interferences on the discharge feature analysis, the original discharge signal needs to be denoised first. Wavelet transform has been widely used in signal denoising. The basic idea of ​​wavelet threshold denoising is: after selecting a suitable wavelet basis to perform a certain number of wavelet decompositions on the signal, the wavelet coefficients generated by the effective signal are often large, while the wavelet coefficients corresponding to the noise are very small. Therefore, it can be considered that the wavelet coefficients greater than a certain threshold are generated by the effective signal and should be retained, while the wavelet coefficients below the threshold are generated by the noise, which can be denoised by setting them to zero; then the wavelet coefficients after threshold processing are reconstructed to obtain the denoised signal. The basic steps include wavelet decomposition, threshold processing and reconstruction, such as Figure 3 shown.

[0052] like Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figure 6, the local discharge signal has an oscillating exponential decay characteristic and belongs to a microseismic signal. Compared with other wavelet basis functions, the sym8 wavelet in the Symlets wavelet system is closer to the change characteristics of the local discharge signal. Therefore, the sym8 wavelet is selected in this embodiment to perform wavelet decomposition on the original discharge signal, so that the characteristics of the discharge signal can be retained as much as possible while denoising. In wavelet decomposition, the selection of the number of decomposition layers is also critical. The more decomposition layers there are, the more obvious the characteristic difference between the signal and the noise is, making it easier to separate the two; but at the same time, the distortion of the reconstructed signal will also be greater, which will affect the denoising effect to a certain extent. The comparison of the denoising effect of local discharge signals under different voltage frequencies shows that the optimal decomposition layer number when sym8 is selected as the wavelet basis is 8. Therefore, this embodiment uses the sym8 wavelet to perform 8-layer wavelet decomposition on the collected local discharge signal.

[0053] The threshold selection method used is Heursure threshold, that is, heuristic threshold selection. The optimal prediction variable threshold is selected, which is suitable for situations where the signal-to-noise ratio is small and the threshold estimation has a lot of noise. After determining the threshold thresholds of each layer of noise in the wavelet coefficient (domain), the soft threshold function is further used to filter the wavelet coefficients: when the absolute value of the wavelet coefficient is lower than the given threshold, it is set to zero, and when it is greater than the threshold, the threshold is subtracted. Compared with the hard threshold function, the wavelet coefficients obtained by the soft threshold function have better overall continuity and will not cause additional oscillations in the estimated signal.

[0054] After removing the noise from each layer of signal, the wavelet coefficients of each layer after threshold processing are reconstructed in one dimension to obtain the denoised discharge signal. The signal is further analyzed using the windowing technology (the window width is set to the width of the local discharge pulse, and the corresponding time under different experimental conditions is about 600ns~1000ns), and the amplitude and phase of each discharge pulse can be obtained. On this basis, the statistical parameters of the local discharge can be analyzed, such as the average discharge amplitude, the number of discharges per unit time, etc.

[0055] Embodiment 4: This embodiment further provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions implement the method of embodiment 1 when executed by the processor; In practical applications, the processor can be an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a digital signal processor (DSP), a digital signal processing device (DSPD), a programmable logic device (PLD), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a controller, a microcontroller unit (MCU), a microprocessor or other electronic components to execute the methods in the above embodiments.

[0056] The method implemented in this embodiment is as described in the third embodiment.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A discharge detection device for a solar sailboard drive mechanism, arranged between a metal shielding mechanism and an insulating baffle of an aerospace drive mechanism, characterized in that: The discharge detection device includes a fluorescent optical fiber sensing module, a signal acquisition and processing module, a discharge positioning analysis module and an alarm display module; The fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is installed on the solar sail panel driving mechanism, and is used to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module; The signal acquisition and processing module is used to extract discharge characteristic information through the electrical signal; The discharge positioning analysis module is used to obtain the discharge position and intensity information of the solar panel driving mechanism through the discharge characteristic information; The alarm display module is used to alarm the discharge position and intensity information; Wherein, the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module includes an excitation light source, a fluorescent optical fiber, an optical fiber connector, a quartz optical fiber, an optical fiber collimator and a vacuum photomultiplier tube; The excitation light source is used to emit a start signal of a specific wavelength; the fluorescent optical fiber is used to generate emission light according to the start signal, and excite the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module to emit a light signal through the optical fiber connector; the quartz optical fiber is used to transmit the light signal, and the optical fiber connector homogenizes it into a light beam and introduces it into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; the optical fiber collimator is used to couple the light signal into the vacuum photomultiplier tube with maximum efficiency, and the vacuum photomultiplier tube is used to convert the light signal into a discharge electrical signal, and transmit the local discharge signal to the signal acquisition and processing module.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module includes a nano-ceramic coating; The fluorescent optical fiber sensing module connects the sensing points in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the slip ring discharge system in the solar panel driving mechanism.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The signal acquisition and processing module includes a spectrum analyzer and a digital signal processing unit; The spectrum analyzer is used to decompose the incident light into lights of different wavelengths by using a grating, and obtain the spectrum characteristics of the discharge process by performing light intensity analysis; The digital signal processing unit is used to denoise and filter the electrical signal according to the wavelet threshold denoising method by using the sym8 wavelet in the Symlets wavelet system, and to perform time-frequency analysis through the windowing technology to extract characteristic information of the discharge process.

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that The discharge location analysis module is used to collect the signal difference of the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module, and to evaluate the degree of harm in combination with the signal intensity change of the partial discharge, and to judge the fault type by analyzing the discharge frequency.

5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that The alarm display module is used to set the Heursure threshold and automatically alarm according to the discharge signal intensity of the vacuum photomultiplier tube.

6. A discharge detection method for a solar panel drive mechanism, according to the device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: A fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is arranged in the solar panel driving mechanism to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal collection and processing module; According to the fluorescent optical fiber, a specific wavelength of light is emitted by an excitation light source, and the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module is irradiated; According to the signal acquisition processing unit, time-frequency analysis is performed on the electrical signal through filtering processing, and characteristic information of the electrical signal and the optical signal is extracted; the characteristic information includes frequency, intensity and duration; According to the discharge location analysis module, the local discharge position of the signal difference is confirmed by multi-point signal location, and the discharge degree is evaluated according to the intensity of the discharge signal; The distribution, intensity, location and warning information of partial discharge are displayed through the alarm display module, and corresponding measures are obtained based on the monitoring results; Among them, a fluorescent fiber optic sensor module is set in the solar sail driving mechanism to collect the optical signal generated by the slip ring discharge system, and convert it into an electrical signal and send it to the signal acquisition and processing module, which specifically includes: According to the start signal of the specific wavelength provided by the excitation light source, the fluorescent optical fiber sensor module is excited by the optical fiber connector; According to the optical fiber connector, the emission light emitted by the fluorescent optical fiber is input into the quartz optical fiber; the optical signal is homogenized into a light beam and introduced into the detection window of the photoelectric conversion unit; According to the optical fiber collimator, coupling the optical signal into a vacuum photomultiplier tube; According to the vacuum photomultiplier tube, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal and voltage conversion is performed.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: According to the fluorescent optical fiber sensing module, the sensing points are connected in series through a single fluorescent optical fiber to cover the discharge risk area of ​​the slip ring discharge system in the solar panel driving mechanism.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that When the fluorescent fiber optic sensing module identifies a partial discharge signal and determines that its intensity exceeds a preset Heursure threshold, it automatically triggers an alarm and performs position positioning; using the signal processing module, the spatial position of the partial discharge source is determined through time difference and phase difference analysis of multi-point signals, and fault diagnosis is performed.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is used to store one or more computer instructions, wherein the one or more computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement the method as described in any one of claims 6 to 8.

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