Advanced geological forecasting device based on horizontal directional drilling and forecasting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an advanced geology forecasting device based on horizontal directional drilling and a forecasting method thereof.The advanced geology forecasting device comprises a supporting section, a feeding section and a driving device, the supporting section comprises a cylinder and supporting wings, the at least three supporting wings are evenly installed on the outer wall of the cylinder, the feeding section comprises a cylinder and a spiral blade, and the driving device is arranged on the cylinder. The spiral blade is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the column body, one end of the column body rotatably sleeves the cylinder body, the other end of the column body is provided with a conical part, the driving device is in matched connection transmission with the cylinder body and the column body so as to drive the supporting section to rotate, and an equipment bin used for installing detection equipment is arranged in the cylinder body. The device can enter the ultra-long-distance horizontal directional drilling hole for muon detection, so that advanced geological forecast based on the ultra-long-distance horizontal directional drilling hole is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and in particular to an advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling and a prediction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Advanced geological prediction is to detect the surrounding rock, strata, and groundwater distribution in front of and around the face during shield tunnel excavation, and predict the tunnel geological disasters that may be caused by the presence of unfavorable geological bodies. Due to the large scale of shield tunnel projects, complex geological structures, and high construction difficulty, it is the key and requirement to proactively prevent disasters and control construction schedules and costs to ascertain the geological information of the construction tunnel in advance. Most of the current mainstream tunnel advance prediction technologies, including mechanical drilling, geological radar, seismic waves, infrared methods, etc., have technical defects, such as high false alarm rates, complex technologies, poor anti-interference, and adaptability to specific geological conditions.

[0003] Cosmic ray muons, or muons for short, are one of the fundamental particles in nature. They have extremely strong continuity, penetration, and anti-interference properties, and have unique advantages in the field of non-destructive detection. When penetrating obstacles, muons lose different amounts of energy depending on the thickness and material of the obstacles, and collide with atomic nuclei in the matter, causing the direction of the muon's motion to deflect. Muon detection technology records and analyzes the changes in flux and scattering angles of muons after passing through different obstacles in different environments, thereby achieving non-contact, deep-penetrating dynamic non-destructive detection of large targets.

[0004] For advanced geological exploration and prediction, Chinese patent document CN117724178A, published (announcement) date: 2024.03.19, discloses a new borehole muon detector, including a pressure-bearing shell and a skeleton, the skeleton includes a sensitive area, a data acquisition and storage module, a carrier and a north finder, the sensitive area includes an inner scintillator and an outer scintillator array, the inner scintillator is a barrel-shaped structure formed by stacking annular scintillators along the axial direction, and a photoelectric conversion readout plate is attached to the inner side of the barrel-shaped structure; the barrel-shaped structure is provided with an outer scintillator array, and the outer scintillator array includes an inner triangular prism scintillator and an outer triangular prism scintillator plugged into each other, the triangular prism scintillator has a groove, an optical fiber is placed in the groove, and the optical fiber and the photoelectric conversion readout plate are connected and fixed by an optical fiber fixture. Its characteristics are: the device can be used to collect cosmic ray muons in a borehole, and the construction cost is low; its disadvantage is: in the ultra-long-distance horizontal directional drilling condition, the muon detector cannot enter the ultra-long-distance horizontal directional drilling. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the current technical problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling and a prediction method thereof, which can enter the ultra-long distance horizontal directional drilling hole to detect muons, thereby realizing advanced geological prediction based on ultra-long distance horizontal directional drilling.

[0006] In order to overcome the problems existing in the prior art, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling, including a support section, a feed section and a driving device, the support section includes a cylinder and support wings, at least three support wings are evenly installed on the outer wall of the cylinder, the feed section includes a column and spiral blades, the spiral blades are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the column, one end of the column is rotatably mounted on the outside of the cylinder, and the other end is provided with a cone, the driving device is connected and transmitted in cooperation with the cylinder and the column to drive the support section to rotate, and an equipment compartment for installing detection equipment is provided inside the cylinder.

[0007] An extension ring is arranged at one end of the column connected to the cylinder. The extension ring is sleeved on one end of the cylinder. The extension ring and the cylinder are connected via a bearing.

[0008] The driving device comprises an inner gear ring and a driver. The inner gear ring is mounted on the inner wall of the extension ring, and the driver is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder. A gear is mounted on the output shaft of the driver, and the gear meshes with the inner gear ring for transmission.

[0009] The cone is detachably mounted on the end of the column.

[0010] The supporting wing comprises a groove body, a telescopic wing and a spring. The groove body has a slide groove on its upper side. The telescopic wing is slidably installed in the slide groove. The spring is located between the groove body and the telescopic wing. Both ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the groove body and the telescopic wing respectively.

[0011] The end where the column is connected to the cylinder is provided with an extension section, a center hole is provided axially through the column and the extension section, an end cover is installed at the end of the cylinder away from the column, the extension section and the cylinder and the end cover are rotatably connected and supported by the first bearing and the second bearing, the equipment bin is formed between the cylinder and the extension section, the end cover is fixedly provided with a working device on one side of the extension section, an impact rod is installed in the center hole, one end of the impact rod is connected to the working device, and the other end extends out of a cone; the working device drives the impact rod to reciprocate and impact motion.

[0012] A conveying screw is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the impact rod, a support hole is arranged at the center of the cone, a plurality of slag inlet holes are arranged on the outside of the support hole, the slag inlet holes are connected with the center hole, a plurality of slag discharge holes are arranged at the positions corresponding to the center hole of the end cover, the impact rod is rotatably connected and supported by the support hole; the working device drives the impact rod to rotate.

[0013] The end cover is provided with a limiting hole on one side of the extended section, and the impact rod is located at one end of the end cover and slidably inserted into the limiting hole, and the end of the impact rod inserted into the limiting hole is provided with a mounting hole, the working device is located in the mounting hole, and the driving shaft of the working device is connected and fixed to the impact rod through a pin shaft.

[0014] A steering gear is installed on the switching knob of the working device, and the steering gear is fixed to the outer wall of the working device through a bracket. A clamping seat is installed on the output shaft of the steering gear, and the switching knob is clamped by the clamping seat.

[0015] A method for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling, using the device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling, comprises the following steps: A muon detector is installed in the equipment compartment, and the cables of the driving device, the working device and the muon detector are led out from the device, and the other ends of the cables are electrically connected to the controller and the muon analysis terminal respectively; Placing the device at one end of the borehole, starting the driving device, driving the feed section to rotate, bringing the device into the borehole, and supporting the inner wall of the borehole with the support wings; The working device starts, driving the impact rod to rotate. During the operation of the device, the loose soil in the hole enters from the slag inlet hole, is transported by the conveying screw and then discharged from the slag discharge hole. If the device is blocked, the working device drives the impact rod to reciprocate and impact. After the device moves to a certain distance, it stops and the muon detector starts to detect muons. By measuring the flux information and scattering angle set of muons in the geological body and combining it with the drilling and coring conditions, it can infer the material density and internal structure information of the geological body, thereby achieving advanced geological prediction of the tunnel surroundings and overlying strata.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Place the device of the present invention in a borehole, and support the support section in the borehole through support wings, so that when the device moves, the support section does not rotate due to the action of the support wings, and the feed section rotates through the drive of the driving device. Since the spiral blades are in contact with the inner wall of the borehole, the entire device is driven to move forward along the borehole. The equipment compartment is used to install detection equipment, such as a muon detector. The device of the present application can enter the interior of an ultra-long-distance horizontal directional borehole to detect muons. By measuring the flux information and scattering angle set of muons in the geological body, combined with the drilling and coring conditions, the material density and internal structure information of the geological body can be inferred, thereby realizing advanced geological prediction based on ultra-long-distance horizontal directional drilling.

[0017] 2. The present invention also has impact drilling mode, drilling mode, impact mode and shaft locking impact mode, which can drive the impact rod to rotate through the working device, so as to transport the soil entering from the slag inlet hole through the center hole and then discharge it from the slag discharge hole. It can also crush the soil blocks in the drill hole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure from another viewing angle of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle.

[0023] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle.

[0024] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support wing of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the servo structure installed on the switching knob of the working device.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the use state of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: Support section 10, cylinder 11, support wing 12, groove body 121, slide 122, telescopic wing 123, placement hole 124, spring 125, equipment bin 13, sealing ring 14, end cover 15, limit hole 151, slag discharge hole 152, first bearing 16, second bearing 17; Feeding section 20, cylinder 21, extension ring 211, extension section 212; Spiral blade 22, cone 23, support hole 231, slag inlet hole 232, cutting edge 233, center hole 24; Driving device 30, inner gear ring 31, driver 32, gear 33; Working device 40, switching knob 401, driving shaft 41, pin shaft 42, steering gear 43, bracket 431, and holder 432; Impact rod 50, mounting hole 51, conveying screw 52; Cable 60, drill hole 70. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] Embodiment 1: See also Figure 1-3 The present invention provides an advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling, including a support section 10, a feed section 20 and a drive device 30. The support section 10 includes a barrel 11 and support wings 12, at least three support wings 12 are evenly installed on the outer wall of the barrel 11, the feed section 20 includes a column 21 and a spiral blade 22, the spiral blade 22 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the column 21, one end of the column 21 is rotatably mounted on the outside of the barrel 11, and the other end is provided with a cone 23. The drive device 30 is connected and transmitted in cooperation with the barrel 11 and the barrel 21 to drive the support section 10 to rotate, and an equipment compartment 13 for installing detection equipment is provided inside the barrel 11.

[0030] When using, see Figure 8 , placing the device into the borehole 70, as Figure 1 , 2 The support section 10 is supported in the borehole 70 by the support wings 12, so that when the device moves, the support section 10 does not rotate due to the action of the support wings 12, and the feed section 20 rotates through the drive of the drive device 30. Since the spiral blades 22 contact the inner wall of the borehole 70, the entire device is driven to move forward along the borehole 70. The device compartment 13 is used to install detection equipment, such as a muon detector.

[0031] See also Figure 3 , 4 The end of the column 21 connected to the cylinder 11 is provided with an extension ring 211, which is sleeved on one end of the cylinder 11, and the extension ring 211 is connected to the cylinder 11 through a bearing. Through the above structure, the column 21 and the cylinder 11 are rotatably connected.

[0032] Furthermore, the driving device 30 includes an inner gear ring 31 and a driver 32, wherein the inner gear ring 31 is mounted on the inner wall of the extension ring 211, and the driver 32 is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder 11, and a gear 33 is mounted on the output shaft of the driver 32, and the gear 33 is meshed with the inner gear ring 31 for transmission. When in use, the driver 32 drives the gear 33 to rotate, thereby driving the inner gear ring 31 to rotate, thereby driving the feed section 20.

[0033] In this embodiment, the driver 32 adopts a reduction motor, and a plurality of drivers 32 may be provided.

[0034] Further, in order to facilitate installation and replacement of the cone 23, the cone 23 is detachably installed at the end of the column 21. Figure 3 The cone 23 and the column 21 are screwed and fixed via a threaded structure.

[0035] In order to improve the adaptability of the support wing 12 and prevent the support wing 12 from getting stuck in the drill hole 70, see Figure 6 The supporting wing 12 includes a groove body 121, a telescopic wing 123 and a spring 125. The groove body 121 has a slide groove 122 on its upper side. The telescopic wing 123 is slidably installed in the slide groove 122. The spring 125 is located between the groove body 121 and the telescopic wing 123. The two ends of the spring 125 are respectively fixedly connected to the groove body 121 and the telescopic wing 123. Through the above structure, the elastic extension and retraction of the telescopic wing 123 is achieved.

[0036] Furthermore, a placement hole 124 is provided at the bottom of the telescopic wing 123, and one end of the spring 125 located in the groove body 121 is located in the placement hole 124, so that the extension height of the telescopic wing 123 can be reduced, so that the cylinder 11 has a larger diameter.

[0037] Specifically, positioning columns are respectively provided in the placement hole 124 and the slide groove 122 , and both ends of the spring 125 are respectively tightly fitted and fixed on the positioning columns.

[0038] Embodiment 2: Based on Example 1, see Figure 3 , 45. The end of the column 21 connected to the cylinder 11 is provided with an extension section 212. A center hole 24 is axially penetrated through the column 21 and the extension section 212. The cylinder 11 is provided with an end cover 15 at the end away from the column 21. The extension section 212 is rotatably connected and supported with the cylinder 11 and the end cover 15 through a first bearing 16 and a second bearing 17. An equipment compartment 13 is formed between the cylinder 11 and the extension section 212. The end cover 15 is fixedly provided with a working device 40 on one side of the extension section 212. An impact rod 50 is installed in the center hole 24. One end of the impact rod 50 is connected to the working device 40, and the other end extends out of the cone 23. The working device 40 drives the impact rod 50 to reciprocate. Through the above structure, after the working device 40 is started, the working device 40 drives the impact rod 50 to reciprocate, so that the soil blocks in the borehole 70 can be crushed.

[0039] In this proposal, see Figure 3 The first bearing 16 is located between the cylinder 11 and the extending section 212 , and the second bearing 17 is located between the extending section 212 and the end cover 15 .

[0040] In this solution, in order to improve the sealing performance, see Figure 4 A sealing ring 14 is installed between the cylinder 11 and the extension ring 211.

[0041] Embodiment 3: Based on Example 2, see Figure 3 A conveying screw 52 is also fixedly installed on the outer wall of the impact rod 50, a support hole 231 is provided at the center of the cone 23, a plurality of slag inlet holes 232 are provided on the outer side of the support hole 231 of the cone 23, the slag inlet holes 232 are connected with the center hole 24, and a plurality of slag discharge holes 152 are provided at the positions corresponding to the center hole 24 of the end cover 15, the impact rod 50 is rotatably connected and supported with the support hole 231; the working device 40 drives the impact rod 50 to rotate.

[0042] Since there may be fallen sand in the borehole 70 which will affect the advancement of the device, when necessary, the working device 40 drives the impact rod 50 to rotate, so that the soil entering from the slag inlet hole 232 is transported through the center hole 24 and discharged from the slag discharge hole 152.

[0043] In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the column 21 is opposite to the rotation direction of the impact rod 50 .

[0044] For details, see Figure 1 A cutting edge 233 is provided on one side of the slag inlet hole 232 so that the side of the slag inlet hole 232 opposite to the cutting edge 233 is raised. When the cone 23 rotates, the soil is introduced into the slag inlet hole 232 through the raised side.

[0045] Further, see Figure 3 ,5 The end cover 15 is provided with a limiting hole 151 on one side of the extension section 212, and the end of the impact rod 50 located at the end cover 15 is slidably inserted into the limiting hole 151, and the end of the impact rod 50 inserted into the limiting hole 151 is provided with a mounting hole 51, the working device 40 is located in the mounting hole 51, and the driving shaft 41 of the working device 40 is connected and fixed to the impact rod 50 through the pin 42. Through the above structure, the impact rod 50 is slidably and rotatably matched with the limiting hole 151, which improves the stability of the impact rod 50 when working.

[0046] In this embodiment, the working device 40 adopts the electric tool structure disclosed in CN208005598U. The electric tool has an impact drill mode, a drilling mode, an impact mode and a shaft locking impact mode. Specifically for this application, one end of the motor of the electric tool is fixedly mounted on the end cover 15, and one end of the clamping structure is fixedly mounted on the drive shaft 41. This embodiment also has four modes.

[0047] In order to facilitate the switching of the working device 40 mode, see Figure 7 A steering gear 43 is mounted on the switch knob 401 of the working device 40. The steering gear 43 is fixed to the outer wall of the working device 40 through a bracket 431. A clamping seat 432 is mounted on the output shaft of the steering gear 43. The clamping seat 432 clamps the switch knob 401. By controlling the steering gear 43, the clamping seat 432 drives the switch knob 401 to rotate, thereby adjusting different modes.

[0048] Embodiment 4: Based on Example 3, see Figure 8 A method for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling is disclosed. A device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling is adopted. The prediction method comprises the following steps: A muon detector is installed in the equipment compartment 13. The driving device 30, the working device 40 and the cable 60 of the muon detector are led out from the device. The other end of the cable 60 is electrically connected to the controller and the muon analysis terminal respectively. The controller is used to control the prediction device, and the muon analysis terminal is used to be electrically connected to the muon detector.

[0049] The device is placed at one end of the borehole 70 , and the driving device 30 is started to drive the feed section 20 to rotate, so that the device is brought into the borehole 70 , and the support wings 12 support the inner wall of the borehole 70 .

[0050] When the device cannot move forward, it can be judged from the cable 60 at the borehole 70 that the cable 60 is not pulled into the borehole 70. At this time, the working device 40 is started, driving the impact rod 50 to rotate. During the operation of the device, the loose soil in the hole enters from the slag inlet hole 232, is transported by the conveying screw 52, ​​and is discharged from the slag discharge hole 152; at the same time, the working device 40 can also drive the impact rod 50 to reciprocate.

[0051] After the device moves to a certain distance, it stops, and the muon detector starts to detect muons. By measuring the flux information and scattering angle set of muons in the geological body, combined with the drilling and coring situation, the material density and internal structure information of the geological body are inferred, thereby realizing the advanced geological prediction of the tunnel periphery and overlying strata. Specifically, the device performs detection multiple times at intervals within the borehole 70. It is determined whether there is a bad geological body and timely formulates corresponding prevention and control measures and adjusts the construction plan, which provides an important reference basis for the safe and efficient construction of shield tunnels.

Claims

1. An advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling, characterized in that: The invention comprises a support section (10), a feed section (20) and a drive device (30), wherein the support section (10) comprises a cylinder (11) and support wings (12), wherein at least three support wings (12) are evenly mounted on the outer wall of the cylinder (11), wherein the feed section (20) comprises a column (21) and a spiral blade (22), wherein the spiral blade (22) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the column (21), wherein one end of the column (21) is rotatably mounted on the outside of the cylinder (11), and the other end is provided with a cone (23), wherein the drive device (30) is connected and driven in cooperation with the cylinder (11) and the cylinder (21) to drive the support section (10) to rotate, and an equipment compartment (13) for installing a detection device is provided inside the cylinder (11).

2. The device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: An extension ring (211) is provided at one end of the column (21) connected to the cylinder (11); the extension ring (211) is sleeved on one end of the cylinder (11); the extension ring (211) and the cylinder (11) are connected via a bearing.

3. The advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving device (30) comprises an inner gear ring (31) and a driver (32), wherein the inner gear ring (31) is mounted on the inner wall of the extension ring (211), and the driver (32) is fixedly mounted inside the cylinder (11), and a gear (33) is mounted on the output shaft of the driver (32), and the gear (33) is meshed with the inner gear ring (31) for transmission.

4. The advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cone (23) is detachably mounted on the end of the column (21).

5. The advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting wing (12) comprises a groove body (121), a telescopic wing (123) and a spring (125); the groove body (121) has a slide groove (122) on its upper side; the telescopic wing (123) is slidably mounted in the slide groove (122); the spring (125) is located between the groove body (121) and the telescopic wing (123); and two ends of the spring (125) are fixedly connected to the groove body (121) and the telescopic wing (123), respectively.

6. The device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: An extension section (212) is provided at one end of the column (21) connected to the cylinder (11), and a center hole (24) is provided axially through the column (21) and the extension section (212). An end cover (15) is installed at the end of the cylinder (11) away from the column (21). The extension section (212), the cylinder (11) and the end cover (15) are rotatably connected and supported via a first bearing (16) and a second bearing (17). The equipment bin (13) is formed between the cylinder (11) and the extension section (212). A working device (40) is fixedly installed on one side of the extension section (212) of the end cover (15), and an impact rod (50) is installed in the center hole (24). One end of the impact rod (50) is connected to the working device (40), and the other end extends out of the cone (23); the working device (40) drives the impact rod (50) to perform reciprocating impact motion.

7. The device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 6, characterized in that: A conveying screw (52) is also fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the impact rod (50); a support hole (231) is provided at the center of the cone (23); a plurality of slag inlet holes (232) are provided on the cone (23) outside the support hole (231); the slag inlet holes (232) are communicated with the center hole (24); the end cover (15) is provided with a plurality of slag discharge holes (152) at positions corresponding to the center hole (24); the impact rod (50) is rotatably connected and supported to the support hole (231); and the working device (40) drives the impact rod (50) to rotate.

8. The device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: The end cover (15) is provided with a limiting hole (151) on one side of the extended section (212); one end of the impact rod (50) located on the end cover (15) is slidably inserted into the limiting hole (151); and one end of the impact rod (50) inserted into the limiting hole (151) is provided with a mounting hole (51); the working device (40) is located in the mounting hole (51); and the driving shaft (41) of the working device (40) is connected and fixed to the impact rod (50) via a pin shaft (42).

9. The device for advanced geological prediction based on horizontal directional drilling according to claim 7, characterized in that: A steering gear (43) is mounted on the switching knob (401) of the working device (40), and the steering gear (43) is fixedly mounted on the outer wall of the working device (40) via a bracket (431). A clamping seat (432) is mounted on the output shaft of the steering gear (43), and the clamping seat (432) clamps the switching knob (401).

10. An advanced geological prediction method based on horizontal directional drilling, characterized in that: The advanced geological prediction device based on horizontal directional drilling as claimed in any one of claims 7, 8 and 9 is adopted, and the prediction method comprises the following steps: A muon detector is installed in the equipment compartment (13); a cable (60) of the driving device (30), the working device (40) and the muon detector is led out of the device; and the other end of the cable (60) is electrically connected to the controller and the muon analysis terminal respectively; Placing the device at one end of the borehole (70), starting the driving device (30), driving the feed section (20) to rotate, and bringing the device into the borehole (70), with the support wings (12) supporting the inner wall of the borehole (70); The working device (40) is started, driving the impact rod (50) to rotate. During the operation of the device, loose soil in the hole enters from the slag inlet hole (232), is transported by the conveying screw (52), and is discharged from the slag discharge hole (152). If the device is blocked, the working device (40) drives the impact rod (50) to reciprocate and impact. After the device moves to a certain distance, it stops and the muon detector starts to detect muons. By measuring the flux information and scattering angle set of muons in the geological body and combining it with the drilling and coring conditions, it can infer the material density and internal structure information of the geological body, thereby achieving advanced geological prediction of the tunnel surroundings and overlying strata.

Images