Optical device, optical system, and optical apparatus

Abstract

The invention provides an optical device, an optical system and optical equipment, and the optical device comprises at least three input and output interfaces, and at least two input and output interfaces are connected with at least one of the following devices: a light transmitting device and a light receiving device. According to the technical scheme, a plurality of sets of optical systems are integrated in one module, and the size of the system is reduced by sharing a part of light paths. A waveguide device can be introduced into the system, and the size of the system is further reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of optical technology, and in particular to an optical device, an optical system and an optical equipment. Background Art

[0002] In electronic devices such as mobile phones, wearable devices such as AR / VR glasses, and lidar, there are often multiple optical systems, such as multiple lenses with different focal lengths on mobile phones, structured light / TOF modules; binocular display modules, eye tracking modules, cameras for shooting external environments, and structured light modules for spatial perception in AR / VR systems. For example, patent document CN210469514U discloses a multi-camera assembly for a smartphone, which has four mobile phone cameras, and the optical systems of each mobile phone camera are independent of each other. However, similar devices / equipment such as mobile phone camera assemblies often have strict requirements on volume. Existing equipment often has separate optical systems, and the overall volume of the equipment is large, which is not conducive to miniaturization. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the defects in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide an optical device, an optical system and an optical equipment.

[0004] An optical device provided according to the present invention includes: at least three input and output interfaces, wherein at least two input and output interfaces are connected to at least one of the following devices: a light emitting device and a light receiving device. The light emitting device is a device that emits light, including but not limited to light sources (LED, laser, OLED light source, lamp beads / lamp tubes, etc.) and some imaging devices (light emitting imaging devices) and systems that output images (such as LCOS, OLED screens, LED screens, LCD screens, etc.), and the receiving device is a sensor that receives light, including but not limited to light intensity sensors, color temperature / chromaticity sensors, and image sensors / light receiving imaging devices (CCD, CMOS, film, etc.). The device enables the light reflecting and / or light receiving devices to share part of the light path, that is, two or more optical systems share part of the light path in the device, thereby reducing the size of the system. For example, the device contains a light splitting / combining device (such as Fig.10 The system / device also includes an optical modulator (lens, lens group) that simultaneously or separately modulates the light input to different optical receiving devices or emitted from different optical emitting devices. The optical splitter / combiner converts the light from the input and output interfaces (such as Fig.10The device can receive light input from the input interface 401 (light with the same characteristics can be split according to the energy ratio; or light with different characteristics can be split according to the characteristics, such as wavelength and / or polarization), and transmit it to two or more light receiving devices respectively. Specifically, the device can include an input interface, at least two output interfaces, at least two light receiving devices, and at least one beam splitter prism (such as Fig.10 11), and a light modulator. External light is incident on the light modulator (e.g. Fig.10 301 in the figure is a lens or a lens group), and then from the input interface (for example Fig.10 401) enters the beam splitter prism, is split by the beam splitter surface, and then is emitted from the beam splitter prism (emitted from the output interface), and is modulated by different modulation devices (such as Fig.10 302 and 303, 305) and then incident light receiving device (which can be as Fig.10 As shown, or you can Fig.10 The beam splitter prism 12 in the image is replaced by a light receiving device, and the light directly enters the light receiving device). Fig.10 301, 302 and 305, etc.), the incident external light will be imaged on the light receiving devices respectively.

[0005] Furthermore, the optical device also includes a waveguide, and at least part of the light undergoes at least one total reflection in the waveguide; the input-output interface receives the light propagated from the waveguide, and / or the input-output interface emits light to the waveguide. The total reflection refers to the reflection caused by the angle between the light and the interface normal being greater than the total reflection angle, rather than the reflection caused by the film layer prepared on the interface. Among the light, at least part of the light undergoes total reflection in the waveguide, and part of the light may not undergo total reflection in the waveguide, but directly pass through the waveguide (the light directly transmitted through the waveguide is received by the light receiving device, or emitted by the light emitting device). These two types of light can be incident or emitted from different input-output interfaces (incident waveguide or exit waveguide); or different light rays experience different numbers of total reflections in the waveguide, and can be incident or emitted from different input-output interfaces. The input-output interface generally refers to a surface on a waveguide (a certain surface or a part of a surface), for example Figure 1 The input / output interface 401 is on the surface 101, and the input / output interface 401 is responsible for coupling the external input light into the waveguide. Figure 1 The input / output interface 402 and the input / output interface 403 are both located on the surface 102 of the waveguide and are responsible for outputting light to the imaging devices (light receiving devices / light receiving imaging devices) 602 and 603, respectively. The input / output interface is an interface that can both input and output light (according to the principle of reversible optical path, the input and output in the optical system are reversible). In some applications, a certain interface only outputs light (such as Figure 1Input / output interface 402, input / output interface 403) or only input light (such as Figure 1 In different applications, similar interfaces may also play opposite roles (such as output becomes input, or input becomes output), or an interface may play both input and output roles (such as Figure 3 The input / output interface 401 in the figure). The input / output interface may be just a certain surface of the device without any special design or processing; or a special device or film layer may be prepared on the input / output interface, for example, a surface with a preset angle is prepared, some prisms are glued / bonded, a surface grating, a super lens / super surface is prepared, a microstructure (micro lens / reflector and array, micro prism / reflector and array, micro cylindrical mirror / reflector and array, etc.) is prepared, a special reflective film is prepared, a special anti-reflection film is prepared, a wave plate is prepared, etc. The above special design can facilitate the input and output of light.

[0006] Furthermore, the optical device comprises at least one beam splitting surface, which splits the light beams and propagates them to different input and output interfaces. The beam splitting surface can be in a waveguide or in a prism. Before the light beams reach different input and output interfaces respectively, the spaces in which they propagate in the waveguide or prism at least partially overlap, such as Figure 1 After the light ray 50 and the light ray 51 enter the waveguide through the input / output interface 401, they propagate in the same waveguide space before being transmitted and reflected by the splitting surface (surface 201) respectively. The splitting surface can be a plane or a curved surface (to change the focal length and optical aberration of the reflected part of the light). The device can also include multiple splitting surfaces, or it can be similar to the X-CUBE in the three-color projection system, which overlaps two splitting surfaces at close positions at a certain angle to split three different wavelengths of light into three different directions. In addition, the device can include a waveguide device, at least part of the light undergoes a total reflection inside the waveguide, and the splitting surface can be inside the waveguide.

[0007] Furthermore, the beam splitter surface splits the light by at least one of the following characteristics: wavelength, intensity / energy ratio, polarization, and angle of incidence. The beam splitting means that some light passes through the beam splitter surface, and some light is reflected by the beam splitter surface. The beam splitter surface can distinguish light by its wavelength, for example Figure 1In the embodiment, the wavelength of light 50 is greater than 800nm ​​(such as 808, 980nm, etc.) and passes through the splitter surface (surface 201), while the wavelength of light 51 is in the visible light band (400-700nm) and is reflected by the splitter surface (surface 201), or in some applications, long-wave light is reflected and shorter-wave light is transmitted. Intensity ratio refers to the transmission and reflection of light incident on the splitter surface in a certain proportion (such as 10% transmission and 90% reflection). Polarization refers to the transmission of light with certain polarization characteristics and the reflection of light with certain polarization characteristics (such as transmitting P light and reflecting S light). The incident angle refers to the reflection of light at certain angles and the transmission of light at other angles (such as the reflection of light with an angle between the incident light and the surface normal greater than 50° and the transmission of light with an angle less than 30°).

[0008] Furthermore, any one or more of the following films are prepared on the splitting surface: a reflective film with a preset transmission-reflection ratio, a polarized reflective film, a wavelength selective film, an angle selective film, an anti-reflection film (such as increasing the transmittance of light that meets the transmission conditions).

[0009] Furthermore, at least two of the light receiving device and / or the light emitting device share part of the optical path. Light input to and output from different imaging devices / optical sensors share part of the optical path (share propagation space, medium or air), and may also share part of the modulating device (such as lens / lens group), that is, light input to two imaging devices (such as CMOS) passes through a certain lens group before entering the incident beam splitting surface (for example, glass lenses in mobile phone modules generally have better effects, but the cost is higher, and glass lenses can be shared by design, thereby reducing the module volume, improving the display effect and further reducing the cost), and then the light is separated and each experiences a different optical path (which can be modulated by different modulating devices). It is also possible that the light emitting device and the light receiving imaging device / sensor share part of the optical path, the difference being that the direction of propagation of the light emitted by the emitting device in the shared optical path is opposite to that of the light received by the light receiving device. If there is a modulating device in the shared optical path, based on the reversible principle of the optical path, the above modulation effect is also opposite (such as divergence becomes convergence, and vice versa).

[0010] Furthermore, the light emitting device includes an imaging device and / or a light source / light emitter, and the imaging device (display imaging) can be a device that emits light (such as Micro OLED, MICRO LED, LCD screen) or a module composed of a light source (such as LED, LD (LaserDiode), OLED, etc.) and a device that reflects light (such as LCoS, DMD, micro-vibration / MEMS SCANNER, etc.), or a diffraction device containing a special pattern (DOE, structured light device). The light emitter can be a device that emits a light beam such as LD, VCSEL, and other types of lasers, LEDs, etc. The light receiving device is an imaging device and / or a light sensor can be a photographic sensor that receives light (such as CMOS, CCD, PD (photodiode) and array, APD (AvalanchePhotodiode) and array, avalanche diode / APD, SPAD, film, light intensity sensor, color temperature / chromaticity sensor, etc.).

[0011] Furthermore, when the light received or emitted by the plurality of light receiving devices and / or light emitting devices propagates in the optical device, at least part of the light paths are different. Figure 1 As shown, after light 50 and light 51 are respectively transmitted and reflected by the splitter surface (surface 201), their optical paths propagating in the waveguide are different.

[0012] Further, the optical device also includes a modulation device, and the modulation device is any one or more of the following devices: lens / microlens, lens array / microlens array, reflector / micromirror, reflector array / micromirror array, Fresnel mirror, spatial light modulator, liquid lens, superlens / supersurface, diffraction device, grating, wave plate, liquid crystal device, prism / microprism / microprism array, etc. For example, Figure 1 The lens / lens group (modulator 301, 302, 303) in the optical system can be a static optical device, such as a lens, a reflector, etc., or a dynamically adjustable optical device, such as a spatial light modulator (such as a phase-modulated LCOS) or a liquid lens that can be modulated by an electrical signal. The optical parameters (such as optical power, etc.) of the related devices can be dynamically adjusted to achieve real-time adjustment of the imaging distance and light field display. The adjustable mechanical structure can also be included, such as a VCM motor, which can dynamically adjust the spatial position between the devices, thereby changing the optical parameters such as the focal length.

[0013] Furthermore, the waveguide includes multiple sub-waveguides. There are gaps between at least some of the sub-surfaces of the sub-waveguides (the middle is air / vacuum, or filled with a medium / glue with a certain refractive index, or different areas of the gap are filled with media with different refractive indices, or some areas are air / vacuum and some areas are filled with medium), so that light that meets certain conditions can pass through the surface, and light that does not meet the relevant conditions will be reflected. The conditions can be the incident angle of the light (such as Figure 5 Figure 6 The sub-components 11 and 12 of the waveguide and the interface surfaces 103 and 104), the wavelength and polarization characteristics of the light, etc.

[0014] Furthermore, the device includes a plurality of devices / sub-devices, and there are gaps between the devices / sub-devices. That is, the device is composed of a plurality of devices (such as waveguide devices, modulation devices, splitter surfaces / devices, etc.) / sub-devices (such as a waveguide is composed of a plurality of sub-waveguides, and the sub-devices together constitute the function of a complete device). The gap is an air gap or the gap is filled with a low refractive index medium (refractive index is lower than that of the waveguide medium, such as low refractive index UV glue, etc.). The setting of the gap allows light at a specific angle (effective input light) to continue to propagate in the waveguide through the gap, while light beyond the angle range (stray light) will be totally reflected by the gap and coupled out of the waveguide (emitted from non-input and output interfaces or absorbed by the edge of the device, such as Figure 7 Figure 8 As shown), it cannot enter the subsequent system, the imaging device, or the viewer's eyes.

[0015] Furthermore, a plurality of input and output interfaces are arranged on the surface of the waveguide. Since the waveguide has a certain length and width, and light rays at different angles will not interfere with each other when propagating in the waveguide, a plurality of parallel interfaces can be arranged on the surface of the waveguide to connect a plurality of different devices respectively, thereby increasing the space utilization of the system. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the input / output interface 404, the input / output interface 405 and the corresponding device 604 are added to the upper and lower surfaces of the system in parallel, and the light passes through the two interfaces to transmit the waveguide to input the device 604. This solution can further add more interfaces that utilize the length and width of the waveguide, and add more (three, four or more) functional devices through which the light passes through the above interfaces to transmit the waveguide.

[0016] An optical system provided according to the present invention comprises the optical device described above.

[0017] An optical device provided by the present invention includes the optical device or the optical system, such as a mobile phone and camera module including the optical device, a HUD (such as a HUD that projects multi-depth and multi-focal plane images, and can also integrate a coaxial camera), an AR / VR device, etc.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] The present invention proposes a technical solution of integrating multiple optical systems into one module and reducing the volume of the system by sharing part of the optical path. The present invention can also introduce a waveguide device into the system to further reduce the volume of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments made with reference to the following drawings:

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but are not intended to limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several changes and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0032] An optical device can be used as a mobile phone lens module (for example, as a module integrating a periscope and a structured light or TOF receiving device), such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes three input and output interfaces 401, 402, and 403, and includes at least two optical receiving devices (such as Figure 1 602, 603). The input and output interfaces are located at different positions of the waveguide device 10, wherein the input and output interface 401 is located on the surface 101, and the input and output interface 402 and the input and output interface 403 are located on the surface 102. The waveguide device 10 also includes a reflection / partial reflection surface / transmission reflection surface (surface 201, i.e., the splitter surface in this example) and a reflection surface 202, wherein a band-selective reflection film is prepared on the reflection surface (surface 201), which can transmit infrared light with a wavelength greater than 800nm ​​and reflect visible light with a wavelength in the range of 400 to 700nm. A metal or dielectric reflection film is prepared on the reflection surface 202. The device also includes modulation devices 301, 302, and 303. Among them, 301 is a lens or a lens group composed of multiple lenses, which is used to modulate the input light. 302 is a lens / lens group, which modulates the infrared light that passes through the reflection surface (surface 201) and is output from the input-output interface 402. 303 is also a lens or lens group, which modulates the visible light that is reflected by the reflection surface 202 and is output from the input-output interface 403. The device also includes a visible light CMOS sensor (device 603) and an infrared CMOS sensor (device 602). The visible light 51 (400-700nm band) transmitted from the external environment is modulated by the modulation device 301 and enters the waveguide device 10 from the input-output interface 401. After being reflected by the reflection surface / beam splitting surface (surface 201), it undergoes multiple total reflections between the surface 101 and the surface 102 of the waveguide and reaches the input-output interface 403. After being output from the input-output interface 403, it is modulated by the modulation device 303 and received by the imaging device (device 603, such as a CMOS sensor). The infrared light 50 (wavelength>800nm, such as 808, 850nm, 980nm, etc.) transmitted from the outside is modulated by the modulator 301 and enters the waveguide device 10 from the input-output interface 401, and is transmitted from the partial reflection surface / beam splitting surface (surface 201) and then emitted from the input-output interface 402, and is modulated by the modulator 302 and received by the infrared imaging device (device 602). The above module combines the visible light lens (imaging lens) and the infrared lens (structured light, TOF detection, etc.) into one, and shares part of the optical path, which can greatly reduce the system volume and the number of openings (in the application of the front camera lens module of the mobile phone, the number and size of the openings on the screen can be significantly reduced).

[0033] In a variation of the above embodiment, a polarized reflective film (a reflective film without wavelength selectivity) can also be prepared on the reflective surface / beam splitting surface (surface 201), such as a reflective film that reflects S light and transmits P light (such as 3M's IQPE or APF film, etc.), so that the light of the same wavelength band can experience different parts of the optical path after sharing part of the optical path through polarization selection, and be received by sensors (device 602, device 603) respectively; or a film layer with a certain transmission and reflection ratio can also be prepared on the reflective surface / beam splitting surface (surface 201), such as a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film with 50% transmission and 50% reflection, so that the light of the same wavelength band and polarization can experience different parts of the optical path respectively and be received by different sensors. The above design can realize the functions of two lens modules on one module at the same time. For example, the main camera and telephoto lens, or wide-angle and telephoto lens of a mobile phone can be integrated on the same module, sharing part or all of the lenses, and sharing part of the optical path can reduce the volume of the system while reducing the opening.

[0034] exist Figure 1 In a variation of the embodiment, the light splitting surface may also be arranged on the reflective surface at the rear end (eg Fig. 9 202), that is, after all the incident light is reflected by the reflecting surface (surface 201), it propagates in the waveguide to the partially reflecting surface 202 (the surface 202 can be prepared with a wavelength-selective reflecting film or a polarizing reflecting film or a film with a certain transmission-reflection ratio as the surface 201 of the previous embodiment), and the light (different wavelengths or different polarization directions or light of the same nature according to the energy ratio) is split on the reflecting surface (surface 202) and then incident on different subsequent receiving systems, such as Figure 1 The modulator 302 and the device 602 are arranged in another direction behind the reflecting surface (surface 202), or the modulator 303 and the device 603 are arranged in the optical path after passing through the reflecting surface (surface 202), and the modulator 302 and the device 602 are arranged in Figure 1 At the position of the middle modulation device 303 and the device 603.

[0035] A variation of the first embodiment includes five input and output interfaces, such as Figure 2As shown, compared with the first embodiment, an input-output interface 404 and an input-output interface 405 are added in this embodiment. The light 52 emitted by the optical transmitter (device 604, such as an 850nm laser) passes through the modulation device 304 and then enters the waveguide device 10 from the input-output interface 405. The input-output interface 405 can be a part of an ordinary waveguide surface (without any special design, or just an anti-reflection film is prepared on the surface for the wavelength of the optical transmitter), and then passes through the waveguide device 10 and then exits from the input-output interface 404. The input-output interface 404 can also be just a part of an ordinary waveguide surface (without any special design, or just an anti-reflection film is prepared on the surface for the wavelength of the optical transmitter), and then passes through the modulation device 305 and then exits from the system. The modulation devices 304 and 305 can be lenses, filters, DOE devices (producing special patterns), etc. The above module can integrate the periscope lens (telephoto lens) of the mobile phone, the transmitting device of the DOE or TOF module, and the receiving device of the DOE or TOF module into one module, and the three modules are combined into one module, thereby greatly reducing the size of the module and reducing the number of openings. In the above embodiment, the imaging device (device 602) can also be used as a visible light sensor, 602 and the modulation device 301, the waveguide device 10, and the modulation device 302 form a wide-angle or main camera lens, and the imaging device (device 603, 604) is used as an infrared transmitting and receiving device (DOE, TOF, etc.), so as to make it into a three-in-one module including a camera and structured light transmission and reception (for the front camera lens module of the mobile phone, the screen opening area can be greatly reduced). In the above embodiment, the devices 602 and 603 can also be set as the transmitting and receiving devices of the DOE device respectively, so that the transmitting and receiving devices of the structured light are pulled apart by a certain distance to improve the detection accuracy. At this time, the device 604 can be used as a camera module, or the device 604 and the matching modulation devices 304 and 305 can be cancelled. In the above embodiment, the modulation device 302 and the device 602 may be eliminated, so that it only includes the input and output interfaces 401, 403, 404, 405, a total of four input and output interfaces, and the transmitting device or the receiving device 604 and 603. In the above embodiment, an input and output interface may be further added at a position parallel to the input and output interfaces 404 and 405, so as to integrate other devices (such as color temperature or multi-spectral sensors / imaging chips, lenses of other focal lengths, etc.) into one module.

[0036] In one embodiment, the same input and output interface can function as both input and output. Figure 3The system shown includes three input and output interfaces 401, 402, and 403. The input and output interfaces 401 and 403 are both on the surface 101 of the waveguide device 10 (at different locations). Device 603 (display device, such as Micro OLED, LCoS, Micro The light 51 emitted by the waveguide device (such as an LED, LCD, or MEMS SCANNER) is modulated by the modulator 303 (such as a lens or a lens group) and then enters the waveguide device from the input / output interface 403 (an area on the surface 101 of the waveguide device). The light 51 is reflected to the surface 101 by the modulator 301 (a curved surface with optical focal length, which is a surface of the waveguide, or is manufactured separately from the waveguide and glued to the waveguide and used as a modulator) prepared with a reflective coating (such as a dielectric reflective film, a metal reflective film, etc.). After experiencing multiple total reflections between the surface 101 and the surface 102, since the surfaces 101 and 102 are not parallel, the incident angle (angle with the surface normal) of the light relative to the surfaces 101 and 102 will decrease until it is less than the total reflection angle and then emitted from the surface 102. Then, the incident light 51 is incident on the surface 201 of the sub-device. The surface 201 is a curved surface with optical focal length (spherical, aspherical or free-form surface, etc.), on which a partial reflective film is prepared (such as a wavelength selective reflective film that transmits infrared light with a wavelength >800nm, reflects the visible light band, or a polarized reflective film that transmits P light and reflects S light, or a semi-transparent and semi-reflective film that transmits 50% and reflects 50%, etc.). After the light 51 is reflected by the surface 201, the incident angle relative to the surfaces 101 and 102 is further reduced, and it is emitted from the interface 401 (a part of the surface 101) through the surfaces 101 and 102, and then modulated and emitted by the modulation device 60 (a device with optical focal length, such as a superlens, a microlens / microcylindrical mirror / microprism array, a dynamically modulated transmissive spatial light modulator, etc.). At the same time, the light 50 can be modulated by the device 60 and then enter the waveguide from the interface 401, pass through the surfaces 102, 201, 402, and then enter the modulation device 302 and be received by the receiving device 602 (602 is a light sensor, such as a COMS, CCD or other imaging device, or it can also be a photodiode, APD, SPAD or SPAN array sensor). In this example, the interface 401 is used as both an input and an output interface.

[0037] In a variation of the above embodiment, Figure 4 The system shown includes input and output interfaces 401, 402, 403, and 404, wherein 401 and 403 are both located on the surface 101 of the waveguide device, the input and output interface 401 simultaneously inputs and outputs light, the input and output interfaces 402 and 404 output light from the waveguide device, and the input and output interface 403 inputs light to the waveguide device 10. In this example, the modulation devices disposed before the optical receiving devices 602 and 604 may have different parameters, so as to realize different optical modulations on the light received by the devices 602 and 604.

[0038] In one embodiment, Figure 5As shown, the waveguide device in the system is composed of two sub-devices 11 and 12, and the sub-devices 11 and 12 are both wedge-shaped or triangular waveguides / prisms with plane surfaces (101, 102, 103, 104) (or the surfaces of 11 and 12, such as 101, 102, 103, 104, can also be curved surfaces), and there is a gap (air gap or filled with low refractive index medium / glue) between the opposite surfaces 103 and 104 of the sub-devices 11 and 12. The system includes a device 20, and the surface 201 on the device 20 includes a partial reflection surface / beam splitting surface, and there is a gap (air gap or filled with low refractive index medium / glue) between the device 20 and the sub-device 11. The system includes three input and output interfaces 401, 402, and 403, wherein the input and output interface 401 is on the surface 101, the input and output interface 403 is on the surface 103, and the input and output interface 402 is on a surface of the compensation mirror of the device 20. A selective reflection film (such as a polarized reflection film, a wavelength selective reflection film, etc.) or a partially transmissive and partially reflective film (transmitting and reflecting in proportion, such as transmitting 40% and reflecting 60%) is prepared on the surface 201. The light emitted by the device 602 (light emitting device, such as a structured light device, or a Micro LED, OLED, LCD screen, etc.) passes through the input-output interface 402, then through the surface 201, and then through the surfaces 102, 103, and 104, and finally exits from the input-output interface 401 (surface 101). The external light enters the sub-device 12 through the input-output interface 401, enters the sub-device 11 after passing through the surfaces 104 and 103, enters the device 20 after passing through the surface 102, and then enters the sub-device 11 after being reflected by the surface 201 and passing through the surface 102 again, and then enters the surface 101 after passing through the surfaces 104 and 103. At this time, the incident angle of the light will be greater than the total reflection angle of the surface 101 (for example, the outside of the surface 101 is an air medium), and it will be totally reflected by the surface 101, and then pass through the surfaces 103 and 104 again to enter the surface 102. Since there is an angle between the surface 102 and the surface 101, the angle between the light and the surface 102 will change when the light enters the surface 102 again. In this example, it will be greater than the total reflection angle of the surface 102 (for example, the gap between 102 and the device 20 is filled with a low refractive index medium with a refractive index less than 1.4), and thus it will be totally reflected by the surface 102. The light will then enter surface 103. Since there is an angle between surface 102 and surface 103, the angle between the light and surface 103 is changed and is greater than the total reflection angle. The light will be totally reflected by surface 103, and then enter the curved reflective surface (surface 301, which can be used as an optical modulator) and is reflected before being emitted from the input / output interface 403. It is then modulated by the modulator and received by the imaging device or sensor (device 603).In this example, the angle design between surfaces 101, 104, 103, and 102 can be combined with the design of the curved surface (surface 201) so that the incident light undergoes the same number of total reflections when propagating in sub-devices 11 and 12 (as shown in the figure, the light undergoes total reflection once on surfaces 101, 103, and 102, and other light rays incident from different positions of the input and output interface 401 at different angles also undergo total reflection once on surfaces 101, 103, and 102 before being emitted).

[0039] In one embodiment, Figure 6 As shown, the waveguide device includes a modulator 301 in front, and the system also includes modulators 302 and 303, wherein the modulator 301 is shared by all incident / outgoing effective light (in this case, the incident light), and the light is modulated by the modulator 301 and enters the sub-device 12 of the waveguide through the input-output interface 401 (surface 101), and the modulator 302 only modulates the light 50 that passes through the surface 102 / 201 in the waveguide (the function in this case is similar to the splitter surface 201 in the previous embodiment) and exits from the input-output interface 402 (surface 105), while the modulator 303 only modulates the light that is reflected by the surface 102, propagates through the total reflection in the waveguide, and exits from the input-output interface 403. A partial reflection film or a selective reflection film is prepared on the surface 102. The modulation device 301 can be a lens / lens group, a Fresnel mirror, a super lens / super surface, a micro lens array / micro cylindrical mirror array / micro prism array, a liquid crystal lens, a liquid lens, a dynamically modulated optical device (spatial light modulator, liquid crystal spatial light modulator, liquid lens, etc.). Figure 6 In a variation of the embodiment, a liquid crystal screen or an LCoS projection system can be used as an imaging device for devices 603 and 602, and a polarized reflective film is prepared on the surface 102. When the image light emitted by device 603 reaches the surface 102, it is S polarized light, and when the image light emitted by device 602 reaches the surface 102, it is P polarized light. The above-mentioned P and S polarized light are respectively transmitted and reflected by the surface 102, and then combined and output from the interface 401, and modulated by the subsequent optical path. Here, by modulating the image light emitted by devices 602 and 603 by the modulation devices 302 and 303, the two beams of image light can be formed on different focal planes, and finally the image light of the output system (output after being modulated by the modulation device 301) is formed at different image distances (such as 2 meters and 20 meters), thereby forming a multi-focal plane system, which can be applied to automotive HUD or AR / VR devices.

[0040] In one embodiment, Figure 7 As shown, the waveguide device is composed of sub-devices 11 and 12, and there is a gap 81 between the sub-devices 11 and 12. The gap 81 can be an air gap or filled with a low refractive index medium. Figure 1The difference between the embodiments is that the gap 81 can filter out the light that does not meet the preset angle from the system, avoiding problems such as ghost images and stray light during imaging. For example, due to the large incident angle, the light 70 is reflected on the surface 102 of the waveguide without being reflected by the surface 201 (it can be a partial reflection or a total reflection). Since the light path it experiences is different from that of the effective light 51, if there is no gap 81, it will also be emitted from the input and output interface 403 after several total reflections and received by the imaging device (device 603), thereby forming ghost images and stray light. In this example, due to the existence of the gap 81, the angle at which the light 70 enters the surface 105 corresponding to the gap 81 is greater than the total reflection angle, and it will be coupled out from the surface 101 after total reflection, and cannot enter the subsequent light path, so ghost images and stray light will not be formed. By reasonably setting the angles between the gap 81 and its corresponding surfaces 105, 106 and the upper and lower surfaces of the waveguide, it is possible to filter the angles of light in the waveguide, that is, only light that meets the design requirements can continue to propagate in the optical path (reaching the sensor / imaging device that receives light or the light emitted from the imaging device that emits light is output normally), while light that does not meet the angle requirements will be filtered out after total reflection at the gap interface. Figure 8 The embodiment in the figure shows that part of the reflected stray light (which will form glare, ghosting, etc. in the imaging system) generated by the surface of the lens group (modulation device 301) can also be filtered out by setting a reasonable angle gap in the waveguide. Similar gaps can also be added in all the above embodiments of the present invention to eliminate light that propagates in the waveguide at an angle that does not meet the design and avoid the generation of ghosting stray light.

[0041] like Fig.10In one embodiment shown, the device includes a beam splitter (sub-device 11), at least three input and output interfaces (such as input and output interfaces 401, 402, 403, 404, 405), and at least two light receiving devices (such as devices 602, 603). In this example, a wavelength selective coating is prepared on the beam splitter surface (surface 201), which transmits infrared light and reflects visible light. External light is modulated by a lens or a lens group (modulation device 301) and enters the beam splitter (sub-device 11), wherein the infrared part is transmitted through the beam splitter surface (surface 201) and then emitted from the input and output interface 402, and is modulated by the lens or the lens group (modulation device 302) and then received by the light receiving device (device 602), and the light receiving device (device 602) can be an infrared-sensitive CMOS or CCD imaging device. The visible light part input from the input-output interface 401 will be reflected by the light splitting surface (surface 201) and modulated by the subsequent modulating lens or lens group (modulating device 305) before entering the prism (device / sub-device 12). The prism includes a reflecting surface (surface 202, prepared by a medium or a metal reflecting film). The light is reflected by the reflecting surface (surface 202) and then emitted from the input-output interface 403. It is modulated by the lens or lens group (modulating device 303) and then received by the light receiver (device 603). The light receiver (device 603) can be a visible light image sensor such as CMOS, CCD, etc. This example also includes a light emitting device (device 604). The light emitted by the light emitting device (which can be an infrared light source, VCSEL or LD, LED, etc.) enters the prism (sub-device 12) from the input-output interface 404, is reflected by the reflecting surface (surface 202), and then emitted from the input-output interface 405. It is then modulated by the modulating device 304 (which can be a DOE device, a structured light device or a DIFFUSE and a lens / lens group, etc.) and then emitted. The above device can be a three-in-one mobile phone lens module that integrates a visible light lens module (telephoto or main camera), a structured light or TOF transmitting and receiving module. In this example, the light emitting device (device 604) and the modulation device 304 can also be eliminated, or the prism 12 (sub-device 12) can also be eliminated, and the light receiving device / imaging device (device 603) can be directly set behind the lens / lens group (modulation device 305).

[0042] Since the optical path is reversible, the input and output of all embodiments are relative. By replacing the light-receiving device with a light-emitting device, the above-mentioned photographic or optical sensor device / module / system, or the photographic or optical sensor part of the module / system can also be used for projection or light emission applications. Similarly, vice versa, the light emission and projection module or part can also be replaced with a light-receiving device.

[0043] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0044] The above describes the specific embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which does not affect the essence of the present invention. In the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other arbitrarily.

Claims

1. An optical device, characterized in that: include: At least three input and output interfaces, wherein at least two input and output interfaces are connected to at least one of the following devices: an optical emitting device, an optical receiving device.

2. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that Also included is a waveguide, wherein at least a portion of the light undergoes at least one total reflection within the waveguide; The input-output interface receives light propagated from the waveguide, and / or the input-output interface emits light to the waveguide.

3. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device comprises at least one light splitting surface, and the light splitting surface splits the light beams and propagates them to different input and output interfaces.

4. The optical device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The beam splitting surface splits light by at least one of the following characteristics: wavelength, intensity ratio, polarization, and incident angle.

5. The optical device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The light splitting surface is prepared with any one or more of the following films: a reflective film with a preset reflective ratio, a polarized reflective film, a wavelength selective film, an angle selective film, and an anti-reflection film.

6. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two of the light receiving device and / or the light emitting device share a portion of the optical path.

7. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light emitting device includes an imaging device and / or a light source / light emitter; The imaging device includes any one or more of the following devices: LCoS, DMD, LCD, CRT, MEMS Scanner, Micro OLED or OLED screen, Micro LED or LED screen, structured light device; The light source includes any one or more of the following devices: OLED, LED, laser, VCSEL, lamp beads; The light receiving device includes an imaging device and / or a light sensor; The imaging device includes any one or more of the following devices: CMOS, CCD, film, PD array, APD array, SPAD array; The light sensor includes any one or more of the following devices: PD, APD, SPAD, light intensity sensor, color temperature / chromaticity sensor.

8. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the light received or emitted by the plurality of light receiving devices and / or light emitting devices propagates in the optical device, at least part of the light paths are different.

9. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical device also includes a modulation device, which is any one or more of the following devices: lens / microlens, lens array / microlens array, reflector / micromirror, reflector array / micromirror array, Fresnel mirror, spatial light modulator, liquid lens, superlens / supersurface, diffraction device, grating, wave plate, liquid crystal device, prism / microprism array.

10. The optical device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The waveguide includes a plurality of sub-waveguides.

11. The optical device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The device includes a plurality of devices / sub-devices, and gaps exist between the devices / sub-devices.

12. The optical device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of input and output interfaces are arranged on the surface of the waveguide.

13. An optical system, characterized in that: An optical device comprising any one of claims 1-12.

14. An optical device, characterized in that: The optical device comprises any one of claims 1 to 12, or the optical system comprises the optical system of claim 13.

Images