Radar antenna design method based on angular precision improvement and antenna device

Abstract

The invention provides a radar antenna design method based on angular precision improvement and an antenna device. The method comprises the following steps: determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between a routing structure and an antenna main body; establishing an antenna model according to the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter; performing antenna simulation on the antenna model, and outputting a simulation result; and adjusting the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter in combination with the simulation result until the difference between the angular precision of the antenna and 0 is within a preset range. The angle precision of the millimeter wave radar can be improved, and the angle measurement capability of the radar is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of antenna design, and relates to an antenna design method, and in particular to a radar antenna design method and an antenna device based on angular accuracy improvement. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of automobile intelligence, millimeter wave radar has become an important automobile sensor. Millimeter wave radar sensors use millimeter waves (millimeter wave). Usually millimeter waves refer to the 30-300GHz frequency domain (wavelength is 1-10mm). Among them, 24GHz radar sensors and 77Ghz radar sensors are mainly used for automobile collision avoidance. The wavelength of millimeter waves is between centimeter waves and light waves, so millimeter waves have the advantages of microwave guidance and photoelectric guidance. Compared with centimeter wave radars, millimeter wave radars have the characteristics of small size, easy integration and high spatial resolution. Compared with optical sensors such as cameras, infrared, and lasers, millimeter wave radars have strong ability to penetrate fog, smoke, and dust, strong anti-interference ability, and have the characteristics of all-weather (except heavy rainy days) and all-day.

[0003] One of the key technologies of millimeter wave seekers is antenna technology. Commonly used millimeter wave radar antennas include the following: reflector antenna, lens antenna, horn antenna, dielectric antenna, leaky wave antenna, microstrip antenna, phased array antenna, etc. Solid-state conformal phased array antenna uses solid-state devices to realize the integration of the seeker hood and antenna, making full use of the effective space of the missile and making composite detection easier to achieve. It is an ideal missile-borne antenna system and is receiving great attention from countries around the world. Optically controlled millimeter wave steering antenna technology utilizes the interaction of electron-hole plasma grids formed based on millimeter waves and optical methods, thereby obtaining flexible and inexpensive phased array antennas. Ceramic materials such as silicon nitride are widely used in millimeter wave seeker radomes.

[0004] Due to the development and advancement of radar technology, millimeter-wave radar sensors have begun to be used in multiple industries such as automotive electronics, security, drones, and intelligent transportation.

[0005] Millimeter-wave radar's ability to measure distance and angle plays a vital role in the safety of automobiles. The working principle of millimeter-wave radar is based on microwave technology, which measures the distance and angle of objects by emitting millimeter waves and reflecting them back.

[0006] In order to improve the angle measurement capability of millimeter-wave radar, researchers usually optimize the design of radar antennas. 2) Solutions of existing technologies: Existing millimeter-wave radar antennas usually use microstrip lines or GCPW (grounded coplanar waveguide) to achieve signal transmission. In practical applications, in order to save costs and reduce size, the GCPW structure is usually used to implement the feeder part of the antenna, while the radiating part of the antenna may not use the GCPW structure. In addition, in the existing technology, some metallized vias may be set around the feeder and radiating part of the antenna, but there are no specific rules for the arrangement of these vias, so the impact on the phase characteristics and angle measurement performance of the antenna is also uncertain. 3) Problems with existing technologies: Although existing millimeter-wave radar antennas can already meet certain angle measurement requirements, their performance still has a lot of room for improvement. In the design and manufacturing process of existing technologies, there is often a lack of in-depth research and optimization of the antenna phase characteristics, which may limit the angle measurement performance of the antenna.

[0007] In addition, in the existing technology, there is no specific rule for the arrangement of metallized vias provided around the feed line and the radiation plate part of the antenna, which may cause current discontinuity and fluctuation of phase characteristics, thereby affecting the angle measurement performance of the antenna. Summary of the invention

[0008] The present application provides a radar antenna design method and an antenna device based on angular accuracy improvement, which are used to solve the problem of how to improve the phase characteristics and angular measurement performance of the antenna by optimizing the via arrangement of the radar antenna.

[0009] In a first aspect, the present application provides a radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement, the method being applied to an antenna device, the antenna device comprising an antenna body, the antenna body comprising a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet, the antenna body being formed by etching on the top copper sheet, the antenna body comprising a feed line and a radiating plate, and a metallized routing structure arranged around the feed line and the radiating plate, the routing structure comprising a plurality of vias, and the plurality of vias being designed around the outer contour shape of the feed line and the radiating plate, the method comprising: determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body; establishing an antenna model according to the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter; performing antenna simulation on the antenna model and outputting simulation results; and adjusting the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter in combination with the simulation results until the difference between the angular accuracy of the antenna and 0 is within a preset range.

[0010] In an implementation of the first aspect, the method further includes: expanding the four sides of the radiation plate outward in the horizontal and vertical directions by the distance of the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter respectively to form a group of expanded dotted line structures; and then constructing the routing structure based on the intersection points between adjacent dotted line structures.

[0011] In an implementation manner of the first aspect, each of the routing structures includes a plurality of interconnected routing units, wherein a point of each routing unit is recorded as the intersection point, and each routing unit consists of 4 segments.

[0012] In an implementation of the first aspect, the step of determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body includes: combining the shape of the radiation plate and the size of the antenna circuit board, preliminarily setting the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter to the outermost values.

[0013] In an implementation of the first aspect, the step of determining the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter between the via and the antenna body further includes: taking the radiation sheet as a reference, translating by preset distances to determine the position of the routing structure.

[0014] In an implementation of the first aspect, the via arrangement method depends on the processing technology, and the number of the vias is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

[0015] In an implementation manner of the first aspect, the via hole is formed based on a grounded coplanar waveguide structure.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides an antenna device, comprising: an antenna body, the antenna body comprising a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet, the antenna body being formed by etching on the top copper sheet, the antenna body comprising a feed line and a radiation sheet and a metallized routing structure arranged around the feed line and the radiation sheet, the routing structure comprising a plurality of vias, and the plurality of vias are respectively designed along the outer contour of the feed line and the radiation sheet.

[0017] In an implementation of the second aspect, the via arrangement method depends on the processing technology, and the number of the vias is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

[0018] In an implementation of the second aspect, the radius of the via hole is 0.075 mm, and the center spacing between adjacent via holes is 0.3 mm; the number of rows of via holes between adjacent radiation sheets is set according to the spacing between the two, and at least one row of via holes is set.

[0019] As described above, the radar antenna design method and antenna device based on angular accuracy improvement described in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0020] This application uses a GCPW structure around the antenna radiator, and optimizes the phase characteristics of the antenna by adjusting the distance between the antenna and the surrounding metallized vias, thereby improving the radar's angle measurement performance. If the distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias is not appropriate, the effect cannot be achieved, and the radar's angle measurement performance cannot be improved; this application can find the appropriate distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias through repeated debugging and optimization simulation, thereby improving the radar's angle measurement performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 Shown is a schematic diagram of a prior art radar antenna design.

[0022] Figure 2 Shown is a principle flow chart of a radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 Shown is a schematic diagram of via arrangement of a radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 Shown is a dashed structural schematic diagram of a radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 Shown is a simulation adjustment flow chart of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 Shown is a comparison diagram of simulation results of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna device described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 The figure shows the via routing schematic diagram of the antenna assembly in the prior art.

[0029] Fig. 9 Shown is a schematic diagram of the via routing of the entire antenna device described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] Fig.10 Shown is another antenna via routing schematic diagram of the antenna device described in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Component number description

[0032] 1 Antenna device

[0033] 11 Antenna body

[0034] 111 Feeder

[0035] 112 Radiator

[0036] 12 Vias

[0037] Steps S21 to S24 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes the embodiments of the present application through specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0039] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner, and therefore the illustrations only show components related to the present application rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complicated.

[0040] See also Figure 1 , which is a schematic diagram of radar antenna design in the prior art. Figure 1 As shown, there is no specific rule for the arrangement of the metallized vias around the feed line and the radiating plate of the antenna, which may cause discontinuity of the current and fluctuation of the phase characteristics, thereby affecting the angular measurement performance of the antenna. Therefore, how to optimize the design of the millimeter wave radar antenna, especially how to improve the phase characteristics and angular measurement performance of the antenna by optimizing the arrangement of the metallized vias, is an important issue facing the current technology. Therefore, the following embodiments of the present application provide a radar antenna design method and an antenna device based on improved angular accuracy, including but not limited to Figure 1 In the via routing scenario of the antenna body.

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0042] See also Figure 2 , which is a principle flow chart of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present application provides a radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement, the method is applied to an antenna device, the antenna device comprising:

[0043] The antenna body includes a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet. The antenna body is formed by etching on the top copper sheet. The antenna body includes a feed line and a radiation sheet, and a metalized routing structure arranged around the feed line and the radiation sheet. The routing structure includes a plurality of vias. The plurality of vias are designed to surround the outer contour of the feed line and the radiation sheet so that the surface current around the antenna body is more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are better, thereby improving the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0044] The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0045] S21, determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body.

[0046] See also Figure 3 , which is a schematic diagram of via arrangement of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the antenna GCPW routing structure shown in the present application can improve the angle measurement capability of the millimeter-wave radar without increasing the cost by changing the form and structure of the GCPW routing of the radar antenna when the size and cost are limited.

[0047] The GCPW structure is used to arrange metalized vias around the antenna feeder and radiation plate, making the surface current around the antenna more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the antenna phase characteristics better, thereby improving the radar's angle measurement performance.

[0048] Specifically, Figure 1 In the figure, a large number of circles represent metallized vias around the GCPW structure. In the conventional GCPW routing form of millimeter-wave radar antennas, the antenna feed line adopts the GCPW structure, while the GCPW structure is not used around the antenna radiation plate.

[0049] In the GCPW routing of the millimeter wave radar antenna in this application, the feeder and the radiating plate of the antenna both adopt the GCPW structure, and metalized vias are arranged around the feeder and the radiating plate of the antenna according to certain rules. The GCPW structure is used to arrange metalized vias around the feeder and the radiating plate of the antenna, so that the surface current around the antenna is more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are better, thereby improving the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0050] In one embodiment, the method further includes: expanding the four sides of the radiation sheet in the horizontal and vertical directions by the distance of the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter respectively to form a set of expanded dotted line structures; and then constructing the routing structure based on the intersections between adjacent dotted line structures. Wherein, in an actual application, the horizontal direction may refer to expanding the first spacing parameter in the x-axis direction of the plane coordinate system with the vertical side of the radiation sheet as a reference, and the vertical direction may refer to expanding the second spacing parameter in the y-axis direction of the plane coordinate system with the horizontal side of the radiation sheet as a reference.

[0051] In one embodiment, each of the routing structures includes a plurality of interconnected routing units, wherein a point of each routing unit is recorded as the intersection point, and each routing unit is composed of 4 segments.

[0052] See also Figure 4 , which is a dotted structural diagram of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 4 As shown, for the radiation plate, the four sides of the radiation plate are extended outward by distances dx and dy in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively to form a set of extended dotted line structures; then, a GCPW routing structure is constructed based on the intersections between adjacent dotted line structures (( Figure 4 The line between the intersection points)).

[0053] Each GCPW routing structure includes a plurality of interconnected routing units, wherein the points of each routing unit are recorded as the aforementioned intersection points, and each routing unit is composed of 4 segments.

[0054] In one embodiment, the step of determining the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body includes: combining the shape of the radiation plate and the size of the antenna circuit board, and preliminarily setting the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter to the outermost values.

[0055] Specifically, if the radiation sheet is Figure 3 As shown on the right side of the figure, it is composed of two groups of rectangles. When moving and expanding, dx and dy take the outermost values.

[0056] In one embodiment, the step of determining the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter between the via and the antenna body further includes: taking the radiation sheet as a reference, translating by preset distances to determine the position of the routing structure.

[0057] Specifically, in this embodiment, the via is formed based on a grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) structure, and the position of the GCPW routing structure is determined by translating a certain distance with the radiation plate as a reference.

[0058] On the one hand, it can ensure that the via is as close to the radiator as possible and will not affect the normal operation of the radiator (if it is directly along Figure 1 As shown in the figure, vias are arranged around the radiating plate, and the vias are too close to the radiating plate, so that the radiating plate cannot work normally), which makes the structure of the antenna more compact and is also beneficial to improving the angle measurement performance of the antenna; on the other hand, since there are a large number of radiating plates in the antenna, this method can quickly determine the GCPW routing structure corresponding to each radiating plate, avoiding the tedious workload caused by the need to confirm the GCPW routing structure spacing for each radiating plate separately, and effectively improving the design efficiency.

[0059] S22: Establish an antenna model according to the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter.

[0060] S23, performing antenna simulation on the antenna model and outputting simulation results.

[0061] S24, adjusting the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter in combination with the simulation result until the difference between the angular accuracy of the antenna and 0 is within a preset range.

[0062] See also Figure 5 , which is a simulation adjustment flow chart of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 5 As shown, first set dx or dy, then establish the antenna model according to the set dx or dy parameters, perform antenna simulation, export the simulation results, and then analyze the simulation results to obtain the simulation result judgment. If the antenna model is OK, save the antenna structure model; if the antenna model does not meet the requirements and is NG, reset dx or reset dy, or reset dx and dy.

[0063] An angular accuracy simulation is performed based on the structure, wherein the values ​​of dx and dy are determined based on the simulation results, and the value with the best angular accuracy is taken as the final value (the closer the values ​​in the angular accuracy simulation curve are to 0, the better the effect);

[0064] If the simulation effect is good, the data set is stored, otherwise it is deleted; multiple simulations are performed until the best set of dx and dy is found. A GCPW structure is used around the antenna radiation plate, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are optimized by adjusting the size of dx and dy to improve the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0065] If the distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias is not appropriate, the effect cannot be achieved and the radar's angle measurement performance cannot be improved. Only by repeatedly debugging and optimizing the simulation and finding the appropriate distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias can the radar's angle measurement performance be improved.

[0066] In one embodiment, the arrangement of the via holes depends on the processing technology, and the number of the via holes is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

[0067] In one embodiment, the radius of the via hole is 0.075 mm, and the center distance between adjacent via holes is 0.3 mm; the number of rows of via holes between adjacent radiation sheets is set according to the distance between the two, and at least one row of via holes is set.

[0068] Specifically, multiple vias are arranged along the outside of each routing unit, and metallized vias are arranged on the periphery of the antenna feeder and the radiation plate according to certain rules; the number and arrangement of metallized vias depend on the processing technology, and as many as possible. The GCPW routing structure is electrically connected to the bottom copper sheet of the antenna via vias, and at least one row of vias is arranged.

[0069] See also Figure 6 , which is a comparison chart of the simulation effects of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 6 As shown, after adopting the new GCPW structure in the present application, the angular accuracy of the radar is improved and the angle measurement capability is enhanced. When adjusting the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter in combination with the simulation result, the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter can make the angular accuracy of the ordinate radar closer to zero, indicating that the simulation effect is better.

[0070] Specifically, after adopting the GCPW solution in this application, the angular accuracy of the radar is improved, and this improvement measure is achieved without increasing the cost. The principle that the GCPW solution in this application can improve the angular accuracy is that the GCPW structure is adopted around the radiation plate part of the antenna, so that the surface current around the antenna is more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are better, so the angular accuracy is improved.

[0071] See also Figure 7 , which is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides an antenna device 1, which includes: an antenna body 11, the antenna body 11 includes a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet, the antenna body 11 is formed by etching on the top copper sheet, the antenna body 11 includes a feed line 111 and a radiation plate 112, and a metallized routing structure arranged around the feed line 111 and the radiation plate 112, the routing structure includes a plurality of vias, and the plurality of vias are respectively designed around the outer contour of the feed line and the radiation plate.

[0072] Among them, the spacing between the via 12 and the antenna body 11 includes a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter; the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter are used to establish an antenna model to perform antenna simulation on the antenna model, output the simulation results, and then adjust the first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter in combination with the simulation results until the angular accuracy of the antenna is within a preset range from 0.

[0073] In one embodiment, the arrangement of the via holes depends on the processing technology, and the number of the via holes is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

[0074] In one embodiment, the radius of the via hole is 0.075 mm, and the center distance between adjacent via holes is 0.3 mm; the number of rows of via holes between adjacent radiation sheets is set according to the distance between the two, and at least one row of via holes is set.

[0075] See also Figure 8 , which is a schematic diagram of via routing of the antenna in the prior art. Figure 8 As shown, in the routing of the whole device, there is no specific rule for the arrangement of the metallized vias set around the feed line and the radiation plate part of the antenna, which may cause current discontinuity and fluctuation of phase characteristics, thereby affecting the angle measurement performance of the antenna.

[0076] See also Fig. 9 , which is a schematic diagram of the via routing of the entire antenna device according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, in the GCPW routing of the millimeter-wave radar antenna, the feed line and the radiating plate of the antenna both adopt the GCPW structure, and metalized vias are arranged around the feed line and the radiating plate of the antenna according to certain rules. The GCPW structure is used to arrange metalized vias around the feed line and the radiating plate of the antenna, making the surface current around the antenna more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna better, thereby improving the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0077] See also Fig.10 , which is another schematic diagram of antenna via routing of the antenna device according to the embodiment of the present application. Fig.10 As shown, the shape of the antenna body in this structure is similar to Fig. 9 Compared with the difference, it should be noted that Fig. 9 , Fig.10 The antenna body in the figure is only two implementation methods of the antenna body of the present application for routing via holes. Other antenna body structures of different shapes are within the scope of protection of the present application without affecting the implementation of the principle of the present application.

[0078] like Figure 3As shown, the antenna GCPW routing structure shown in this application can improve the angle measurement capability of the millimeter wave radar without increasing the cost by changing the form and structure of the GCPW routing of the radar antenna under the condition of limited size and cost. The GCPW structure is used to arrange metalized vias around the feeder and radiation plate of the antenna, so that the surface current around the antenna is more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are better, thereby improving the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0079] Specifically, Figure 1 The large number of circles in the figure represent the metallized vias around the GCPW structure. In the conventional GCPW routing form of millimeter-wave radar antennas, the antenna feed line adopts the GCPW structure, while the GCPW structure is not used around the antenna radiation plate. Figure 3 In the GCPW routing of the millimeter-wave radar antenna in the , the antenna feeder and radiator parts both adopt the GCPW structure, and metalized vias are arranged around the feeder and radiator parts of the antenna according to certain rules. The GCPW structure is used to arrange metalized vias around the feeder and radiator parts of the antenna, making the surface current around the antenna more continuous, the current changes more slowly, and the phase characteristics of the antenna better, thereby improving the radar's angle measurement performance.

[0080] like Figure 4 As shown, for the radiation plate, the four sides of the radiation plate are extended outward by distances dx and dy in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively to form a set of extended dotted line structures; then, a GCPW routing structure is constructed based on the intersections between adjacent dotted line structures (( Figure 4 The lines between the intersections)), wherein each GCPW routing structure includes a plurality of interconnected routing units, wherein the points of each routing unit are recorded as the aforementioned intersections, and each routing unit consists of 4 segments.

[0081] like Figure 5 As shown, first set dx or dy, then establish the antenna model according to the set dx or dy parameters, perform antenna simulation, export the simulation results, and then analyze the simulation results to obtain the simulation result judgment. If the antenna model is OK, save the antenna structure model; if the antenna model does not meet the requirements and is NG, reset dx or reset dy, or reset dx and dy.

[0082] An angular accuracy simulation is performed based on the structure, wherein the values ​​of dx and dy are determined based on the simulation results, and the value with the best angular accuracy is taken as the final value (the closer the values ​​in the angular accuracy simulation curve are to 0, the better the effect);

[0083] If the simulation effect is good, the data is stored, otherwise it is deleted; multiple simulations are performed until the best set of dx and dy is found. The GCPW structure is used around the antenna radiator, and the phase characteristics of the antenna are optimized by adjusting the size of dx and dy to improve the angle measurement performance of the radar. If the distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias is not appropriate, the effect cannot be achieved and the angle measurement performance of the radar cannot be improved; through repeated debugging and optimization simulation, the appropriate distance between the antenna radiator and the surrounding metallized vias is found to improve the angle measurement performance of the radar.

[0084] With the rapid development of modern communication technology, spectrum resources in low-frequency and microwave bands are becoming increasingly exhausted, and more and more wireless applications are expanding to higher millimeter wave (mmWave) frequencies. For example, applications such as the fifth-generation (5G) wireless cellular mobile communications and advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) all use frequency bands above 24GHz. However, the power of the signal usually decreases with increasing frequency, so millimeter wave circuit technology must minimize signal loss while making full use of the existing signal power. Maintaining signal power in millimeter wave circuits depends not only on the printed circuit board (PCB) material, but also on the choice of transmission line technology. If the influencing factors in the circuit design and manufacturing process are fully considered, then using grounded coplanar waveguide (GCPW) transmission lines at millimeter wave frequencies, combined with the use of low-loss PCB materials, can achieve excellent circuit performance.

[0085] In practical applications, the antenna device is a car millimeter wave radar antenna.

[0086] The structure and characteristics of millimeter wave radar comb antenna mainly include the following aspects:

[0087] Structurally, the design of the millimeter-wave radar comb antenna is relatively simple, usually consisting of multiple antenna elements arranged in the shape of a comb. Each element is responsible for a different radiation direction, and by combining the signals of these elements, a wider angle coverage and higher gain can be achieved.

[0088] Key features include:

[0089] (1) Lower gain: Compared with the string antenna, the gain of the comb antenna is relatively low. Its gain pattern is not as smooth as that of the string antenna, and the consistency between array elements is also slightly worse.

[0090] (2) Small attenuation at large angles: When electromagnetic waves penetrate the antenna cover, the comb antenna has small attenuation at large angles, which makes it advantageous in specific application scenarios.

[0091] (3) Wide application: Comb antenna design is often used in many radar systems.

[0092] However, if the current automotive millimeter-wave radar wants to improve its angle measurement capability, the common methods are: increasing the size of the circuit board and the antenna cover (the disadvantage is that the radar size is larger and the cost is higher); production line calibration (the disadvantage is that the production line cycle is extended and the cost is increased), etc. These methods can improve the angle measurement capability of the millimeter-wave radar, but they all increase the cost.

[0093] Therefore, the antenna device of the present application adopts a GCPW structure around the antenna radiation plate, and optimizes the phase characteristics of the antenna by adjusting the distance between the antenna and the surrounding metallized vias, thereby improving the angle measurement performance of the radar. If the distance between the antenna radiation plate and the surrounding metallized vias is not appropriate, the effect cannot be achieved, and the angle measurement performance of the radar cannot be improved; only by repeatedly debugging, optimizing and simulating, and finding the appropriate distance between the antenna radiation plate and the surrounding metallized vias, can the angle measurement performance of the radar be improved.

[0094] In practical applications, the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement of the present application can be executed in an electronic device, and the simulation effect of the antenna device can be observed on the electronic device.

[0095] The electronic device includes: a processor, a memory, a communication interface and / or a system bus. The memory and the communication interface are connected to the processor through the system bus and communicate with each other. The memory is used to store computer programs, the communication interface is used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to run the computer program so that the electronic device executes each step of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement.

[0096] The above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, including a central processing unit (CPU), a network processor (NP), etc.; it can also be a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.

[0097] The above-mentioned memory may include a random access memory (RAM), and may also include a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.

[0098] The system bus mentioned above can be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, etc. The system bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. The communication interface is used to realize the communication between the database access device and other devices (such as a client, a read-write library, and a read-only library).

[0099] The electronic device may be a computer including all or part of the components such as a memory, a storage controller, one or more processing units (CPU), a peripheral interface, an RF circuit, an audio circuit, a speaker, a microphone, an input / output (I / O) subsystem, a display screen, other output or control devices, and an external port; the computer includes but is not limited to personal computers such as desktop computers, laptop computers, tablet computers, smart phones, smart TVs, and personal digital assistants (PDAs). In other embodiments, the electronic device may also be a server, which may be arranged on one or more physical servers according to various factors such as function and load, or may be a cloud server composed of a distributed or centralized server cluster, which is not limited in this embodiment.

[0100] The protection scope of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the embodiment of the present application is not limited to the execution order of the steps listed in this embodiment. All solutions implemented by adding, reducing or replacing steps in the prior art based on the principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0101] The antenna device described in the embodiment of the present application can implement the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the present application, but the implementation device of the radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement described in the present application includes but is not limited to the structure of the antenna device listed in the present embodiment, and all structural deformations and replacements of the prior art made according to the principles of the present application are included in the protection scope of the present application.

[0102] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed device or method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of modules / units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple modules or units can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or modules or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0103] The modules / units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as modules / units may or may not be physical modules, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the modules / units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiments of the present application. For example, the functional modules / units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each module / unit may exist physically separately, or two or more modules / units may be integrated into one module / unit.

[0104] Those of ordinary skill in the art should further appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the composition and steps of each example have been generally described in the above description according to function. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0105] The descriptions of the processes or structures corresponding to the above-mentioned figures have different emphases. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain process or structure, please refer to the relevant descriptions of other processes or structures.

[0106] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Anyone familiar with the technology may modify or change the above embodiments without violating the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical ideas disclosed in the present application shall still be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A radar antenna design method based on angular accuracy improvement, characterized in that: The method is applied to an antenna device, the antenna device includes an antenna body, the antenna body includes a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet, the antenna body is formed by etching on the top copper sheet, the antenna body includes a feed line and a radiation sheet, and a metalized routing structure is arranged around the feed line and the radiation sheet, the routing structure includes a plurality of vias, and the plurality of vias are designed to surround the outer contour of the feed line and the radiation sheet, and the method includes: Determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body; Establishing an antenna model according to the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter; Performing antenna simulation on the antenna model and outputting simulation results; The first spacing parameter and / or the second spacing parameter are adjusted in combination with the simulation result until the difference between the angular accuracy of the antenna and 0 is within a preset range.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method further comprises: The four sides of the radiation sheet are extended outward in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction by the distance of the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter respectively to form a group of extended dotted line structures; and then the routing structure is constructed based on the intersection points between adjacent dotted line structures.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the routing structures includes a plurality of interconnected routing units, wherein a point of each routing unit is recorded as the intersection point, and each routing unit is composed of 4 segments.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the routing structure and the antenna body comprises: In combination with the shape of the radiation sheet and the size of the antenna circuit board, the first spacing parameter and the second spacing parameter are preliminarily set to outermost values.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The step of determining a first spacing parameter and a second spacing parameter between the via and the antenna body further includes: The radiation sheet is used as a reference and the position of the wiring structure is determined by translating the radiation sheet by a preset distance.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement of the via holes depends on the processing technology, and the number of the via holes is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The via hole is formed based on a grounded coplanar waveguide structure.

8. An antenna device, characterized in that: The antenna device includes: an antenna body, the antenna body includes a top copper sheet, a dielectric substrate and a bottom copper sheet, the antenna body is formed by etching on the top copper sheet, the antenna body includes a feed line and a radiation sheet, and a metalized routing structure arranged around the feed line and the radiation sheet, the routing structure includes a plurality of vias, and the plurality of vias are respectively designed around the outer contour of the feed line and the radiation sheet.

9. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The arrangement of the via holes depends on the processing technology, and the number of the via holes is the maximum within the range allowed by the processing technology.

10. The antenna device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The radius of the via hole is 0.075 mm, and the center distance between adjacent via holes is 0.3 mm; the number of rows of via holes between adjacent radiation sheets is set according to the distance between the two, and at least one row of via holes is set.

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