Amplitude Amplification Method, Device, Equipment and Medium Based on Distributed Quantum Computing

Abstract

The present invention relates to an amplitude amplification method, device, equipment and medium based on distributed quantum computing. The method includes: obtaining an initial global quantum state based on an original operator acting on n global qubits, including k global target basis states to be amplified; constructing a node quantum state; constructing a node operator; obtaining a first global quantum state based on the original operator acting on n qubits and each node operator, and constructing a global operator; obtaining a second global quantum state based on the original operator acting on n qubits, each node operator and the global operator; measuring and statistically analyzing the second global quantum state, and determining the top k basis states sorted in descending order of probability in the measurement and statistical results as the global target basis states to be amplified. The present invention improves the calculation accuracy and execution efficiency, and has strong practicability and good generality, and can be widely applied to various quantum computations.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum computing technology, and in particular to an amplitude amplification method, device, equipment and medium based on distributed quantum computing. Background Art

[0002] Quantum algorithms are algorithms that run on quantum computers and represent a cutting-edge computing technology. They use properties such as quantum superposition and quantum entanglement in quantum mechanics to solve problems that are difficult to solve with traditional algorithms. Compared with classical algorithms, quantum algorithms use quantum bits (Qubit) as the basic carrier of information and can explore multiple possible solutions at the same time, thereby achieving significant superiority over classical computing on specific problems.

[0003] To date, researchers have developed a variety of quantum algorithms and successfully applied them in many fields. For example, the Shor algorithm, with the help of quantum parallelism, efficiently decomposes large integers in polynomial time, bringing disruptive changes to the field of cryptography; and the Grover algorithm, with the help of quantum search technology, achieves a quadratic increase in search efficiency in disordered databases. Among them, the Quantum Amplitude Amplification (QAA) algorithm is another important algorithm in the field of quantum computing. It constructs and repeatedly executes the amplitude amplification operator to amplify the amplitude of the target state, thereby increasing the probability of measuring the target state. The QAA algorithm can not only be used to solve search problems and improve search efficiency, but can also be extended to quantum machine learning, optimization problems and other decision-making problems. Therefore, it has important application value in quantum computing.

[0004] Since the amplitude amplification operator in the QAA algorithm includes the unitary operation (or called unitary operator) for preparing the initial quantum state, when the amplitude amplification operator is repeatedly executed, the unitary operation for preparing the initial quantum state is also repeatedly executed multiple times. This causes the complexity of the QAA algorithm to increase significantly with the increase in the complexity of the unitary operation for preparing the initial quantum state, thereby resulting in a decrease in accuracy and execution efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the technical problems existing in the prior art, the present invention proposes an amplitude amplification method, device, equipment and medium based on distributed quantum computing to improve calculation accuracy and execution efficiency.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, according to one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Based on the primitive operator acting on n global quantum bits, the initial global quantum state for amplitude amplification is obtained, where the initial global quantum state includes 2n a global ground state with an arbitrary complex amplitude, satisfying the normalization condition of the amplitude; 2 n among the global ground states, there are k global target ground states to be amplified;

[0008] According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node, corresponding node quantum states are constructed for each computing node respectively, where each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global ground state; the sum of the number of qubits of all computing nodes is equal to the global number of qubits n;

[0009] Determine the node ground states corresponding to the local quantum states of the global target ground states in the node quantum states, and the multiple node target ground states of each computing node are isomorphic to form the node target superposition state of each computing node;

[0010] Based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, construct a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator for each computing node, and determine the number of repeated iterations of the node amplitude amplification operator. The node amplitude amplification operators with the number of repeated iterations form the node operator;

[0011] Based on the original operator acting on n qubits and the node operator to obtain the first global quantum state, where the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes together form the global target superposition state;

[0012] Based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state, construct a global amplitude amplification operator, and determine the number of repeated iterations of the global amplitude amplification operator. The global amplitude amplification operators with the number of repeated iterations form the global operator;

[0013] Based on the original operator acting on n qubits, the node operator, and the global operator to obtain the second global quantum state;

[0014] Measure and statistically analyze the second global quantum state, and determine the top k ground states sorted by probability from large to small in the measurement and statistical results as the global target ground states to be amplified.

[0015] Optionally, the step of constructing corresponding node quantum states for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node includes:

[0016] Determine the number of node qubits n of each computing node according to the global number of qubits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of available qubits of each computing node j , where the sum of all the number of node qubits n j is the global number of qubits n;

[0017] Specify the position of each node qubit of each computing node in the global qubits;

[0018] Based on the number n of node qubits of each computing node j Determine the node ground state of each computing node, where each computing node has node ground states, and each node ground state is a local quantum state of the global ground state;

[0019] For each node ground state of each computing node, according to the position of the node qubits in the global qubits, determine the global ground states that contain the said node ground state from the global ground state of the initial global quantum state;

[0020] Extract the amplitudes of the said global ground states respectively to obtain a vector with a dimension of ;

[0021] Calculate the norm of the vector, and use the norm of the vector as the amplitude of the corresponding node ground state. Among them, the node ground states of each computing node with determined corresponding amplitudes constitute the node quantum state of the said computing node.

[0022] Optionally, the node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the first operator, where the first operator includes the original operator and all node operators connected in sequence.

[0023] Optionally, the node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the first operator, where the first operator includes the original operator and all node operators connected in sequence; correspondingly, the measurement statistical result of the second global quantum state includes k ground states, which are k global target ground states to be amplified respectively.

[0024] Optionally, when the first global quantum state is the tensor product of the node end quantum states obtained after the evolution of each computing node, measure and statistically analyze the first global quantum state, and determine the top k ground states sorted by probability from large to small in the measurement statistical result as the global target ground states to be amplified.

[0025] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing includes a parameter acquisition module, a node quantum state construction module, a first operator construction module, a global operator construction module, a quantum circuit construction module, and a running and measurement module. Among them, the parameter acquisition module is configured to acquire the number of global qubits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node, and obtain an initial global quantum state for amplitude amplification based on the original operator acting on n global qubits. The initial global quantum state includes 2 n global basis states with amplitudes being arbitrary complex numbers and satisfying the normalization condition of the amplitudes; 2 n of the global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; the node quantum state construction module is configured to construct corresponding node quantum states for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node. Each node basis state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global basis state; the sum of the number of qubits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global qubits n; the node basis states corresponding to the local quantum states of the global target basis states in the node quantum state are determined as node target basis states, and multiple node target basis states of each computing node constitute the node target superposition state of the computing node; the first operator construction module is configured to construct corresponding node amplitude amplification operators for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operators. The node amplitude amplification operators with the number of repeated iterative executions constitute node operators; the original operator and all the node operators connected in sequence constitute the first operator; the global operator construction module is configured to construct a global amplitude amplification operator based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state obtained after the original operator acting on n qubits and the node operators, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator. The global amplitude amplification operators with the number of repeated iterative executions constitute the global operator; the quantum circuit construction module is configured that the quantum circuit includes a first operator module and a global operator module connected in sequence. The first operator module includes an original operator module and all node operator modules connected in sequence. Each node operator module includes a node amplitude amplification operator module with the number of repeated iterative executions; the global operator module includes a global amplitude amplification operator module with the number of repeated iterative executions; the running and measurement module is configured to run the quantum circuit, measure and statistically analyze the second global quantum state at the end of the quantum circuit, and determine the top k basis states sorted in descending order of probability in the measurement and statistical results as the global target basis states to be amplified.

[0026] Optionally, when constructing the node amplitude amplification operator, the first operator construction module constructs a node amplitude amplification operator including a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when constructing the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator constructed by the global operator construction module includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0027] Optionally, when constructing the node amplitude amplification operator, the first operator construction module constructs a node amplitude amplification operator including a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when constructing the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator constructed by the global operator construction module includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0028] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computing device, including a processor and a memory, where computer instructions are stored in the memory, and when the processor runs the computer instructions, it executes the foregoing amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing.

[0029] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, where computer instructions are stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and characterized in that when the computer instructions are run by a processor, they execute the foregoing amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing.

[0030] The amplitude amplification method and device based on distributed quantum computing provided by the present invention based on the concept of distributed computing are more suitable for the quantum computing conditions in the NISQ era, and both the computing accuracy and the execution efficiency are effectively improved, and it has strong practicability and good versatility, and can be widely applied to various quantum computations. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Next, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings, where:

[0032] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a node quantum state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3It is a quantum circuit block diagram of a distributed amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 It is a quantum circuit block diagram of a distributed exact amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 a quantum circuit block diagram of the first operator module B in

[0037] Figure 6 It is a quantum circuit block diagram of the first operator module B constructed according to the application embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement statistical result of the first global quantum state according to the application embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 It is a quantum circuit block diagram according to the application embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement statistical result of the second global quantum state according to the application embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a quantum circuit block diagram constructed according to the existing quantum exact amplitude amplification method;

[0042] Figure 11 It is a quantum circuit diagram of the operator for rotating the amplitude of the all-zero state among the two-node operators in the foregoing application embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 12 It is a quantum circuit diagram of the operator for rotating the amplitude of the target superposition state among the two-node operators in the foregoing application embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 13 It is a principle block diagram of an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 14 It is a structural principle block diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed implementation manners

[0046] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] In the following detailed description, reference may be made to the various specification drawings that form a part of this application and illustrate specific embodiments of the application. In the drawings, like reference numerals describe substantially similar components in different figures. The various specific embodiments of the application are described in sufficient detail below so that those of ordinary skill in the relevant art and technology can implement the technical solutions of the application. It should be understood that other embodiments may also be utilized or structural, logical, or electrical changes may be made to the embodiments of the application.

[0048] Figure 1 is a flowchart of an amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the method includes the following steps:

[0049] Step S1, obtain an initial global quantum state. Specifically, an initial global quantum state is obtained based on a primitive operator acting on n global qubits, where the initial global quantum state includes 2 n global basis states with arbitrary complex amplitudes, and satisfies the normalization condition of the amplitudes; 2 n global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified, n≥1, k≥1.

[0050] Step S2, construct a node quantum state. Specifically, according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node, a corresponding node quantum state is constructed for each computing node. Each node basis state of the node quantum state is a local quantum state of the global basis state; wherein, the sum of the number of qubits of all computing nodes is the number of global qubits n.

[0051] Step S3, determine the node target superposition state. Specifically, the node basis states corresponding to the local quantum states of the global target basis states in the node quantum state are determined as the node target basis states of the computing nodes, and multiple node target basis states constitute the node target superposition state.

[0052] Step S4, construct a node operator. Specifically, based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator and its execution times are constructed for each computing node to obtain a node operator.

[0053] Step S5, obtain a first global quantum state. Specifically, a first global quantum state is obtained based on the primitive operator acting on n qubits and each node operator. Among them, the first global quantum state includes k global target basis states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target basis states with amplified amplitudes constitute the first global target superposition state.

[0054] Step S6, construct the global operator. Specifically, construct the global amplitude amplification operator and its number of executions based on the first global quantum state and the first global target superposition state to obtain the global operator.

[0055] Step S7, obtain the second global quantum state. Specifically, obtain the second global quantum state based on the original operator acting on n qubits, each node operator, and the global operator.

[0056] Step S8, measure the second global quantum state and obtain the measurement statistical result. Among them, the top k ground states sorted in descending order of probability in the measurement statistical result are the global target ground states.

[0057] In step S1, the original operator is a known operator A, and its corresponding quantum circuit or function depends on the specific application. For example, an operator for implementing quantum amplitude encoding, a specific function for a specific search scenario, etc. The initial global quantum state obtained based on the original operator acting on n global qubits , and its expression is shown in the following formula (1-1): (1-1)

[0058] Initial global quantum state is a superposition state of 2 n ground states, where i represents the ground state sequence number, is a complex number, and is the amplitude corresponding to the ground state . The amplitudes of all ground states of the initial global quantum state satisfy the normalization condition, that is, satisfy . Among the 2 n ground states, k are the global target ground states, that is, the specified ground states whose amplitudes are to be amplified.

[0059] In step S2, when constructing the node quantum state, in one embodiment, refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 which is the flowchart of the method for constructing the node quantum state according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for constructing the node quantum state includes the following steps:

[0060] Step S21, determine the number of node qubits n j for each computing node. Specifically, determine the number of node qubits n j for each computing node according to the global number of qubits n, the number of computing nodes t, and the number of available qubits for each computing node. Among them, the sum of all node qubit numbers n j is the global number of qubits n, that is, satisfies . Where j is the sequence number of the computing node.

[0061] Step S22: Specify the position of each qubit of each computing node in the global qubits. When specifying the positions, they can be specified sequentially. For example, taking the total number of qubits of each computing node as a group, the global qubits are sequentially divided into t consecutive groups in order, so that multiple sequentially sorted qubits of one computing node respectively correspond one-to-one with consecutive global qubits in the corresponding group. However, it should be noted that when specifying the position of each qubit of each computing node in the global qubits, any global qubit can be specified as a node qubit.

[0062] Step S23: Based on the number n of qubits of each computing node j determine the node ground state of each computing node, where each computing node has node ground states, and each node ground state is a local quantum state of the global ground state. Among them, the local quantum state is the quantum state of some qubits in the global.

[0063] Step S24: Determine the global ground state containing the node ground state. Specifically, for each node ground state of each computing node, according to the position of the node qubits in the global qubits, determine the global ground states containing the node ground state from the global ground state of the initial global quantum state.

[0064] Step S25: Obtain the vector composed of amplitudes. Specifically, extract the amplitudes of the global ground states respectively to obtain a vector with a dimension of .

[0065] Step S26: Calculate the norm of the vector, and take the norm of the vector as the amplitude corresponding to the node ground state. Among them, the node ground states with the corresponding amplitudes determined for each computing node constitute the node quantum state of the computing node.

[0066] For example, for 4 globally ordered qubits q 0 , q 1 , q 2 , q 3 , there are a total of 2 4 = 16 global ground states, which are respectively .

[0067] When the number n 0 of the node qubits of a computing node Node j is 2 and its qubits correspond to the high two bits of the global qubits, its node ground states are respectively 。Then, the amplitudes of the ground states of each node are determined. Assume that the amplitudes of the ground states of these 4 nodes are respectively 。

[0068] For the ground state of the node , the global ground states whose high two qubits form the quantum state as the ground state of the node are determined from the 16 global ground states: , and there are 2 (4-2) = 4 of them. Similarly, the global ground states corresponding to the other node ground states are determined.

[0069] Assume that the amplitudes of the 16 global ground states are respectively . Corresponding to the ground state of the node , the amplitudes of the global ground states containing this node ground state are respectively , and the vector G 0 , G 0 is expressed as .

[0070] Then, the modulus length 0 of the vector G is calculated according to formula (1-2):

[0071] (1-2)

[0072] The modulus length 0 of the said vector G is then the amplitude of the ground state of the node , that is = .

[0073] Similarly, the amplitudes of the other three node ground states are obtained, and thus the node quantum state of this computing node is obtained, which is a superposition state.

[0074] Corresponding to each node quantum state, it contains the node target ground state. Specifically, the node ground state corresponding to the local quantum state of the node quantum state and the global target ground state is determined as the node target ground state of the computing node. Still taking the initial global quantum state composed of the above 4 global qubits as an example, when and are the global target ground states, corresponding to the computing node Node 0 , among its 4 node ground states , , , , and are the node target ground states. These two node target ground states form the node target superposition state of the computing node Node 0 .​

[0075] In addition, besides the aforementioned construction method, the node quantum state can also be obtained by the matrix product state (MPS) or the method of approximately partitioning the quantum state. For details, please refer to the relevant literature and will not be elaborated here.

[0076] In one embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q constructed in step S4 j comprises a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator S connected in sequence jf , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude flipping operator S j0 and a node original operator A j . That is, the calculation formula of the node amplitude amplification operator Q j is shown in the following formula (1-3):

[0077] (1-3)

[0078] where is the conjugate transpose of, is an operator that is the same as the original operator A but only has a different number of qubits on which it acts. Here, the original operator acting on the node qubits is simply referred to as the node original operator.

[0079] where, in order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the node target ground state, the aforementioned node amplitude amplification operator Q j needs to be repeatedly iterated multiple times. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, the calculation formed by repeatedly iterating the node amplitude amplification operator Q j multiple times is called the node operator Nj.

[0080] In step S5, based on the original operator acting on n qubits and each node operator, the first global quantum state is obtained through the evolution of the corresponding quantum circuit. It is the quantum state of the first stage. At this time, the first global quantum state includes k globally target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k globally target ground states with amplified amplitudes form a global target superposition state. In the first stage, the amplitudes of the initially k globally target ground states to be amplified are amplified by means of local amplification, while the amplitudes of other non-target ground states are reduced.

[0081] Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator Q in step S6 comprises a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator S connected in sequence f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator S 0and the first operator B, where the first operator B includes the original operator A and all the node operators Nj connected in sequence. The calculation formula of the global amplitude amplification operator Q is shown in the following formula (1-4):

[0082] (1-4)

[0083] Among them, in order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the target state, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate and execute the aforementioned global amplitude amplification operator Q multiple times. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, the calculation composed of the global amplitude amplification operator Q repeatedly iterated and executed multiple times is called the global operator C.

[0084] In this embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j has the same construction principle as the global amplitude amplification operator Q, and the same method for determining the number of repeated iterations. In the following description, the calculation principle of the amplification operator is described by a common name and symbol.

[0085] The operator is used to flip the amplitude of the all-zero state, as shown in the following formula (1-5):

[0086] (1-5)

[0087] Among them represents a ground state.

[0088] The operator S f is used to flip the amplitude of the target superposition state, as shown in the following formula (1-6):

[0089] (1-6)

[0090] Among them, represents the target state set, represents the non-target state set. When represented by a function, it is shown in the following formula (1-7):

[0091] (1-7)

[0092] In other words, the quantum state obtained after performing the amplitude amplification calculation can be shown in the following formula (1-8):

[0093] (1-8)

[0094] Finally, the calculation formula of the number of repeated iterations r of the amplification operator is shown in the following formula (1-9):

[0095] (1-9)

[0096] Among them, pg To measure the probability of obtaining the target superposition state is as shown in the following formula (1-10):

[0097] (1-10)

[0098] is the amplitude of a target ground state x.

[0099] The symbol └ ┘ in expression (1-9) represents rounding down.

[0100] As Figure 3 shown Figure 3 is the quantum circuit block diagram of the distributed amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the quantum circuit includes a first operator B module and a global operator C module connected in sequence. The first operator B module includes an original operator A module and all node operator Nj modules connected in sequence. Each node operator Nj module includes a plurality of node amplitude amplification operator Qj modules connected in sequence. The node amplitude amplification operator Qj includes a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator S jf , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude flipping operator S j0 and the node original operator A j . The global operator C module includes a plurality of global amplitude amplification operator Q modules connected in sequence. The global amplitude amplification operator Q includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator S f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator S 0 and the first operator .

[0101] Combined with Figure 3 , referring to Figure 1 , according to the process shown in Figure 1 , in step S1, an initial global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n global qubits. Then in step S2, the node quantum states of t computing nodes are obtained, and the node target superposition states of each computing node are obtained according to step S3. Then in step S4, the node operator Nj of each computing node is constructed. In step S5, a first global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on n qubits and each node operator, which includes the globally target ground state after local amplitude amplification. Then in step S6, the global operator C is constructed. In step S7, a second global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n qubits, each node operator Nj and the global operator C. The second global quantum state is the final quantum state of the quantum circuit, and then measurement is performed. The individual basis states are sorted in descending order of probability, and the top k basis states in the sorting are the k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0102] In another embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q constructed in step S4 j comprises a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R connected in sequence jg , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R j0 and the node original operator A j . That is, the calculation formula of the node amplitude amplification operator Q j is shown in the following formula (2-1):

[0103] (2-1)

[0104] where is the conjugate transpose of, is an operator that is the same as the original operator A but acts on a different number of qubits. Here, the original operator acting on the node qubits is simply referred to as the node original operator.

[0105] Among them, in order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the node target basis state, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate and execute the foregoing node amplitude amplification operator Q j multiple times. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, the calculation formed by repeatedly iterating and executing the node amplitude amplification operator Q j multiple times is called the node operator Nj.

[0106] The global amplitude amplification operator Q in step S6 comprises a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R connected in sequence f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R 0 and the first operator , where the first operator comprises the original operator A and all the node operators Nj connected in sequence. The calculation formula of the global amplitude amplification operator Q is shown in the following formula (2-2):

[0107] (2-2)

[0108] Among them, in order to achieve the amplitude amplification of the target state, it is necessary to repeatedly iterate and execute the foregoing global amplitude amplification operator Q multiple times. For the sake of simplicity of explanation, the calculation formed by repeatedly iterating and executing the global amplitude amplification operator Q multiple times is called the global operator C.

[0109] In this embodiment, the node amplitude amplification operator Q j has the same construction principle as the global amplitude amplification operator Q and the same determination method for the number of repeated iterations. In the following description, the calculation principle of the amplification operator will be described using common names and symbols.

[0110] The operator is used to rotate the amplitude of the all-zero state, as specifically shown in the following formula (2-3):

[0111] (2-3)

[0112] The operator is used to rotate the amplitude of the target superposition state as specifically shown in the following formula (2-4):

[0113] (2-4)

[0114] Wherein, is the phase, and its calculation expression is as shown in the following formula (2-5):

[0115] (2-5)

[0116] The number of repeated iterations r = J + 1, where the parameter satisfies the following formula (2-6):

[0117] (2-6)

[0118] The calculation method of Pg in expression (2-5) and expression (2-6) is as shown in formula (1-10).

[0119] The corresponding quantum circuit can be referred to Figure 4 and Figure 5 , Figure 4 which is the quantum circuit block diagram of the distributed precise amplitude amplification operator according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 is Figure 4Quantum circuit block diagram of the first operator module B in. In this embodiment, there are a total of n global qubits and t computing nodes, and the sum of the number of qubits in each computing node is the number of global qubits n. The quantum circuit includes a sequentially connected first operator B module and a global operator C module. The first operator B module includes a sequentially connected original operator A module and all node operator modules. Each node operator module includes a plurality of sequentially connected node amplitude amplification operator modules. For simplicity of illustration, only one node amplitude amplification operator module is shown in the figure for each node operator module, and the sequential connection relationship is represented by the marked number of executions. Each node amplitude amplification operator module includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and a node original operator. See Figure 5 , at the first computing node, the first node operator module N 0 in the first node amplitude amplification operator module Q 0 includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |g0> , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|g0> and a node original operator A |g0> . The first node amplitude amplification operator module Q 0 needs to be executed Jg 0 +1 times. At the second computing node, the second node amplitude amplification operator module Q 1 includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |g1> , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|g1> and a node original operator A |g1> . At the last computing node, the t-th node amplitude amplification operator module Q t-1 includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R |gt-1> , the conjugate transpose of the node original operator , a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R _0|gt-1> and a node original operator A |gt-1> . The number of executions of each node amplitude amplification operator module is calculated according to formula (2-6).

[0120] See Figure 4 , the global operator C module includes a plurality of sequentially connected global amplitude amplification operator Q modules. The global amplitude amplification operator Q includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator R f , the conjugate transpose of the first operator , a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator R 0 and the first operator , and the global amplitude amplification operator Q needs to be executed J + 1 times.

[0121] Combine Figure 4 with Figure 5 , refer to Figure 1 According to Figure 1 the process shown, in step S1, an initial global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n global qubits . Then in step S2, the node quantum states of t computing nodes are obtained, and the node target superposition states of each computing node are obtained according to step S3. Then in step S4, the node operators of each computing node are constructed. In step S5, a first global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator acting on n qubits and each node operator, which includes the global target ground state after local amplitude amplification. Then in step S6, a global operator C is constructed. In step S7, a second global quantum state is obtained based on the original operator A acting on n qubits, each node operator, and the global operator C. This quantum state is the end quantum state of the quantum circuit, and then a measurement is performed. k ground states in the measurement result are the k global target ground states to be amplified.

[0122] In this embodiment, the amplitude amplification operator uses a rotation operator, so as to accurately amplify the target ground state. The so-called accurate amplification means that the quantum state obtained after the amplification process only includes the target ground state to be amplified and does not include non-target states.

[0123] The implementation of the technical solution of the present invention will be described below through a specific application embodiment. In this application embodiment, the number of global qubits n = 4, and the sorting is q 0 , q 1 , q 2 , q 3 . There are two computing nodes, and the available number of qubits is two respectively. The two higher-order qubits are respectively designated as the first computing node, and the two lower-order qubits are designated as the second computing node.

[0124] First, an initial global quantum state randomly generated by the known original operator A for 4 global qubits is as follows:

[0125]

[0126] Among them, the initial global quantum state The amplitudes of the respective ground states can be obtained in various ways. For example, the amplitudes of the respective ground states can be obtained through theoretical derivation. Or the probability of each global ground state can be obtained through experimental measurement, and based on the relationship between the probability and the amplitude, the amplitude modulus length can be obtained. Then, the phase information can be obtained through an interference experiment, so as to obtain the amplitude in complex form. Or through quantum state tomography technology, after a large number of measurements, the measurement results are statistically analyzed to obtain the density matrix, and the probability amplitude information of the ground state is extracted from the density matrix. Those skilled in the art can choose any one of these ways according to their personal application habits to obtain the ground state amplitude of a quantum state.

[0127] Assume that the global target ground state is and .

[0128] According to the initial global quantum state generate the node quantum states of each computing node. Among them, the node quantum states of each computing node respectively include the node ground states , , , . Then it is necessary to determine the amplitudes for the node ground states of each computing node.

[0129] For the first computing node, taking its node ground state

[0130] as the global ground state of the local quantum state are respectively:

[0131]

[0132] Extract their respective amplitudes to obtain a 4-dimensional vector G |00> :

[0133] G |00> = [0.3159026554590445, 0.3253325854727475, 0.08801268012789303, 0.006286620009135234],

[0134] Then calculate the modulus length |G |00> | of the vector G based on formula (1-1): |00> |

[0135] , and use this as the amplitude of the node ground state .

[0136] Similarly, obtain the amplitudes of the other three node ground states, and thus obtain the node quantum state of the first computing node as:

[0137]

[0138] The node target ground state is and . The node target superposition state is:

[0139]

[0140] The node quantum state of the second computing node is:

[0141]

[0142] The node target ground state is and . The node target superposition state is:

[0143]

[0144] In this embodiment, an exact amplitude amplification operator is adopted, that is, the operators in each module are constructed according to the foregoing expressions (2-1) to (2-6).

[0145] Among them, the parameters to be calculated in the first computing node and the second computing node are as follows:

[0146] ,

[0147] , , .

[0148] Construct the quantum circuit of the first stage, that is, the first operator B module, as Figure 6 shown, Figure 6 is the quantum circuit block diagram of the first operator B module constructed according to the application embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 The numbers in the R operator in are phase angles

[0149] After executing the quantum circuit of the first stage, the first global quantum state is obtained, as follows:

[0150]

[0151] Comparing the first global quantum state and the initial global quantum state , the amplitudes of the global target ground state and have changed.

[0152] If the first global quantum state is measured and statistically analyzed, the statistical results are as followsFigure 7 as shown Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement statistics results of the first global quantum state according to the application embodiment of the present invention. From Figure 7 it can be seen that the amplitudes corresponding to the global ground states composed of the two-node target ground states are greatly amplified, and the amplitudes of other global ground states are suppressed.

[0153] Then, based on the first global quantum state the following parameters are calculated:

[0154] , , .

[0155] Based on the foregoing parameters, a global operator C is constructed, and then a global operator module is obtained. Refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 It is a quantum circuit block diagram according to the application embodiment of the present invention. Execute the quantum circuit shown in Figure 8 After evolution, a second global quantum state is obtained at the end of the quantum circuit. Measure the second global quantum state at the end Figure 9 as shown Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the measurement statistics results of the second global quantum state according to the application embodiment of the present invention. It can be seen from the figure that there are only two global ground states in the measurement results, which are and respectively, and the sum of their probabilities is 1. Thus, it can be known that the application embodiment of the present invention realizes precise amplitude amplification of the target ground state.

[0156] As a comparison, if quantum precise amplitude amplification is directly performed on the initial global quantum state the parameters that need to be calculated are:

[0157] , , .

[0158] Refer to Figure 10 , Figure 10 It is a quantum circuit block diagram constructed according to the existing quantum precise amplitude amplification method. It can be seen from Figure 10 that in the existing quantum precise amplitude amplification method, 5 times of the original operator A need to be executed. In contrast, the technical solution of the present invention only needs to execute 3 times, reducing 2 times. Therefore, the execution times of multi-qubit gates can be avoided. As the number of qubits n increases, applying the present invention can significantly increase this gap, which not only improves the execution efficiency but also reduces the influence of circuit noise on the accuracy, thus effectively improving the calculation accuracy.

[0159] Refer toFigure 11 and Figure 12 , Figure 11 is the quantum circuit diagram of the operator for rotating the amplitude of the all-zero state among the two node operators in the foregoing application embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 is the quantum circuit diagram of the operator for rotating the amplitude of the target superposition state among the two node operators in the foregoing application embodiment of the present invention. The quantum circuit for implementing the operator is the same as the quantum circuit for implementing the operator and sequentially includes an X gate, a CPS gate, and an X gate that act on two node qubits again. The CPS gates all use the highest-order qubit as the target bit, and the remaining qubits are all used as control bits. The numbers in the CPS gate are phase angles. The quantum circuit for implementing the operator is the same as the quantum circuit for implementing the operator and sequentially includes an X gate, a CPS gate, an X gate that acts on two qubits again, and a CPS gate. Since each computing node in this embodiment has two node target ground states, therefore Figure 12 the first quantum gate combination 100 and the first quantum gate combination 101 in are respectively used for amplification processing corresponding to the two node target ground states.

[0160] Similarly, the quantum gate combination structure of the same type of operator in the global amplification operator is similar to the quantum gate combination in this embodiment, except that the number of qubits increases.

[0161] For Figure 3 the operator for flipping the amplitude of the all-zero state and the operator S for flipping the amplitude of the target superposition state f the quantum circuits Figure 11 and Figure 12 shown are similar, except that the C Figure 11 and Figure 12 in the C {n-1} PS gate is replaced with a C {n-1} Z gate.

[0162] Of course, quantum gates or quantum gate combinations with the same functions as those in the foregoing embodiments can also be used to implement specific quantum circuits. Those of ordinary skill in the art can flexibly determine the specific composition of the quantum circuit according to application habits and quantum resources.

[0163] The distributed computing concept provided by the present invention is more suitable for the quantum computing conditions in the NISQ era, has strong practicability and good versatility, and can be widely applied to various quantum computations.

[0164] On the other hand, the present invention also provides an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing. SeeFigure 13 , Figure 13 is a schematic block diagram of an amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to an embodiment of the present invention. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing in this embodiment includes a parameter acquisition module 11, a node quantum state construction module 12, a first operator construction module 13, a global operator construction module 14, a quantum circuit construction module 15, and an operation and measurement module 16. Among them, the parameter acquisition module 11 is used to obtain the number n of global qubits, the number of computing nodes and the number of available qubits of each computing node, and obtain an initial global quantum state based on the original operator acting on n global qubits. The initial global quantum state includes 2 n global basis states with amplitudes being arbitrary complex numbers and satisfying the normalization condition of amplitudes; 2 n global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified.

[0165] The node quantum state construction module 12 is used to construct corresponding node quantum states for each computing node according to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node. Each node basis state of the node quantum state is a local quantum state of the global basis state. Among them, the sum of the number of qubits of all computing nodes is the number n of global qubits; the node basis state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target basis state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target basis state of the computing node, and multiple node target basis states constitute the node target superposition state.

[0166] The first operator construction module 13 constructs corresponding node amplitude amplification operators and their execution times for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state to obtain node operators; the original operator and all the node operators constitute the first operator.

[0167] The global operator construction module 14 constructs a global amplitude amplification operator and its execution times based on the first global quantum state and the first global target superposition state obtained after executing the first operator to obtain the global operator.

[0168] The quantum circuit constructed by the quantum circuit construction module 15 includes sequentially connecting the first operator module and the global operator module. The first operator module includes a sequentially connected original operator module and all node operator modules, and each node operator module includes multiple sequentially connected node amplitude amplification operator modules.

[0169] The operation and measurement module 16 is configured to run the quantum circuit and measure the second global quantum state at the end of the output end of the quantum circuit. The first k basis states sorted from largest to smallest in probability in the measurement result are the global target basis states.

[0170] Among them, when the first operator construction module 13 constructs a node operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module 14 constructs a global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator, and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0171] In another embodiment, when the first operator construction module 13 constructs a node operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module 14 constructs a global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator, and the first operator connected in sequence.

[0172] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computing device. Refer to Figure 14 , Figure 14 which is a structural principle block diagram of a computing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As Figure 14 shown, the computing device includes a processor and a memory. Computer instructions are stored in the memory. When the processor runs the computer instructions, it executes the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing provided by the present invention.

[0173] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU) or a graphics processing unit (GPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present invention. The memory 602 may include a memory for data or instructions. For example, the memory 602 may be at least one of the following: a hard disk drive (HDD), a read only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disc, a magneto-optical disc, a magnetic tape, a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or other physical / tangible memory storage devices. Additionally, the memory 602 includes removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Further, the memory 602 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. The memory 602 may be a non-volatile solid state memory. In other words, generally the memory 602 includes a tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage medium (such as a memory device) encoded with executable instructions, and when the stored executable instructions are executed by the processor 601 (such as by one or more processors), the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing in the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented.

[0174] In one example, Figure 14 The illustrated computing device may further include a communication interface 603 and a bus 610. Among them, the processor 601, the memory 602, and the communication interface 603 are connected through the bus 610 to complete communication with each other. The communication interface 603 is mainly used to implement communication between various modules, devices, units, and / or devices in the computing device.

[0175] The bus 610 includes hardware, software, or both, and can couple the components of the online data flow metering device to each other. For example, the bus may include at least one of the following: an accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, an enhanced industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, a front side bus (FSB), a hypertransport (HT) interconnect, an industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, an infinite bandwidth interconnect, a low pin count (LPC) bus, a memory bus, a microchannel architecture (MCA) bus, a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus, a PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, a serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, a video electronics standards association local (VLB) bus, or other suitable buses. The bus 610 may include one or more buses. Although the embodiments of the present invention describe or illustrate specific buses, the embodiments of the present invention may contemplate any suitable bus or interconnect method.

[0176] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which computer program instructions are stored. When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the foregoing amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing is implemented. The computer-readable storage medium may be, for example, a classical computer-readable storage medium, such as a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical, or other physical / tangible memory storage device. It may also be a storage medium for storing quantum information and readable by a quantum computer, such as a quantum random access memory (QRAM). QRAM can be regarded as the quantum version of RAM in a classical computer. Through QRAM, a quantum superposition state containing information can be created. Compared with RAM that needs to read one by one, data in superposition can be read at superposed addresses. QRAM can be implemented in physical ways such as optics, semiconductor quantum dots, superconducting circuits, and ion traps.

[0177] The flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods and systems of the embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of example, and the relevant aspects have been described. It should be understood that each block in the flowchart and / or block diagram, or a combination thereof, can be implemented by computer program instructions, can also be implemented by dedicated hardware that performs a specified function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions. When implemented in hardware, it may be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, a plug-in, a functional card, etc.; when implemented in software, it is a program or a code segment used to perform the required task. The program or code segment can be stored in a memory or transmitted through a data signal carried in a carrier wave on a transmission medium or a communication link. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet or an intranet.

[0178] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the relevant technical fields can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also fall within the scope of the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims

1. An amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing, characterized in that: include: Based on the primitive operator acting on n global quantum bits, the initial global quantum state is obtained, where the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied, 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, a corresponding node quantum state is constructed for each computing node, wherein each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of the global ground state, and the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n; Determine a node basis state corresponding to a local quantum state of a global target basis state in a node quantum state as a node target basis state, and multiple node target basis states of each computing node together constitute a node target superposition state of each computing node; Based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator is constructed for each computing node, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator is determined. The node amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a node operator. Based on the original operator and the node operator acting on the n quantum bits, a first global quantum state is obtained, wherein the first global quantum state includes k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes, and the k global target ground states with amplified amplitudes together constitute a global target superposition state; A global amplitude amplification operator is constructed based on the first global quantum state and the global target superposition state, and the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator is determined, and the global amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a global operator; Based on the original operator, the node operator and the global operator acting on the n quantum bits, a second global quantum state is obtained; The second global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistics, which are sorted in descending order according to probability, are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

2. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: According to the initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, the steps of constructing a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node include: Determine the number of node qubits n of each computing node based on the number of global qubits n, the number of computing nodes, and the number of qubits of each computing node j , where the total number of quantum bits in all nodes is n j The sum of is the number of global quantum bits n; Assigning each node qubit of each computation node its position in the global qubits; Based on the number of node qubits n of each computing node j Determine the node base state of each computing node, where each computing node has node ground states, each node ground state is a local quantum state of the global ground state; For each node basis state of each computing node, according to the position of the node quantum bit in the global quantum bit, the global basis state containing the node basis state is determined from the initial global quantum state. A global ground state; Extract the The amplitude of the global ground state is obtained to obtain the dimension A vector of Calculate the vector modulus and use the vector modulus as the amplitude of the corresponding node ground state, where each calculation node The node ground states with corresponding amplitudes determined constitute the node quantum state of the computing node.

3. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and a node original operator connected in sequence; Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude flipping operator, a conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude flipping operator and a first operator connected in sequence, wherein the first operator includes the original operator connected in sequence and all node operators.

4. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The node amplitude amplification operator includes a node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of a node original operator, a node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a node original operator connected in sequence; Correspondingly, the global amplitude amplification operator includes a global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, a conjugate transpose of the first operator, a global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and a first operator connected in sequence, wherein the first operator includes the original operator connected in sequence and all the node operators; Correspondingly, the measurement statistics of the second global quantum state include k basis states, which are k global target basis states to be amplified.

5. The amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: When the first global quantum state is the tensor product of the node terminal quantum states obtained after evolution through each computing node, the first global quantum state is measured and counted, and the first k basis states in the measurement statistical results sorted from large to small according to probability are determined as the global target basis states to be amplified.

6. An amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing, characterized in that: The device comprises: The parameter acquisition module is configured to obtain the number of global quantum bits n, the number of computing nodes and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, and obtain an initial global quantum state based on the original operator acting on the n global quantum bits, wherein the initial global quantum state includes 2 n The amplitude is a global ground state of arbitrary complex numbers, and the amplitude normalization condition is satisfied, 2 n The global basis states include k global target basis states to be amplified; A node quantum state construction module is configured to construct a corresponding node quantum state for each computing node according to an initial global quantum state, the number of computing nodes, and the number of quantum bits of each computing node, wherein each node ground state corresponding to each computing node is a local quantum state of a global ground state, the sum of the number of quantum bits of all computing nodes is equal to the number of global quantum bits n, and the node ground state corresponding to the local quantum state of the global target ground state in the node quantum state is determined as the node target ground state, and multiple node target ground states of each computing node together constitute a node target superposition state of each computing node; A first operator construction module is configured to construct a corresponding node amplitude amplification operator for each computing node based on the node quantum state and the node target superposition state, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the node amplitude amplification operator, the node amplitude amplification operator with the number of repeated iterative executions constitutes a node operator, and the original operators connected in sequence and all the node operators constitute a first operator; A global operator construction module is configured to construct a global amplitude amplification operator based on a first global quantum state and a global target superposition state obtained after the original operator and the node operator acting on n quantum bits, and determine the number of repeated iterative executions of the global amplitude amplification operator. The global amplitude amplification operator with the repeated iterative execution times constitutes a global operator; A quantum circuit construction module, wherein the quantum circuit is configured to include a first operator module and a global operator module connected in sequence, wherein the first operator module includes a sequentially connected original operator module and all node operator modules, each node operator module includes a node amplitude amplification operator module that is repeatedly executed a certain number of times; and the global operator module includes a global amplitude amplification operator module that is repeatedly executed a certain number of times; The operation and measurement module is configured to operate the quantum circuit, measure and count the second global quantum state at the end of the quantum circuit, and determine the first k ground states in the measurement statistics sorted from large to small in terms of probability as the global target ground states to be amplified.

7. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude flip operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude flip operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

8. The amplitude amplification device based on distributed quantum computing according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the first operator construction module constructs the node amplitude amplification operator, the constructed node amplitude amplification operator includes the node target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the node original operator, the node all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the node original operator connected in sequence; correspondingly, when the global operator construction module constructs the global amplitude amplification operator, the global amplitude amplification operator includes the global target superposition state amplitude rotation operator, the conjugate transpose of the first operator, the global all-zero state amplitude rotation operator and the first operator connected in sequence.

9. A computing device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer instructions, characterized in that: When the processor runs the computer instructions, it performs the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing computer instructions, characterized in that: When the computer instructions are executed by the processor, the amplitude amplification method based on distributed quantum computing as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 is executed.

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