Air conditioner response capability evaluation method and device aiming at power grid frequency modulation demand

Abstract

The invention discloses an air conditioner response capability evaluation method and device aiming at a power grid frequency modulation demand. The method comprises the following steps: solving based on a load thermodynamic model of a central air conditioner to obtain a single power boundary and a single accumulated energy boundary of a single central air conditioner; power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air-conditioning resource cluster are obtained through calculation according to the obtained node air-conditioning equipment data; and constructing an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, constructing constraint conditions in the initial evaluation model through the power boundary parameters and the energy boundary parameters to obtain a response capability evaluation model, and solving the evaluation model to obtain a response capability evaluation result. The power boundary and the energy boundary of the central air conditioner resource cluster are used as constraint conditions of the evaluation model, so that the accuracy and practicability of the evaluation result output by the evaluation model are improved; and the central air conditioners participating in the frequency modulation demand are scheduled according to the evaluation result, so that the central air conditioner scheduling efficiency and the scheduling strategy accuracy are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of central air-conditioning response, and in particular to a method and device for evaluating air-conditioning response capability for power grid frequency modulation requirements. Background Art

[0002] Renewable energy such as wind power, hydropower, and photovoltaics has attracted widespread attention due to its cleanliness and environmental protection, and all countries have vigorously promoted the development of renewable energy. However, the access of a high proportion of renewable energy has put great pressure on the safety and stability of the power grid. The volatility and intermittency of renewable energy have increased the uncertainty of power system operation, bringing huge challenges to the supply and demand balance of the power grid. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the resource response capability on the demand side. As a typical cold / heat storage load, central air conditioning has the characteristics of flexible control and great regulation potential. It is an important load resource for providing auxiliary services such as power grid frequency regulation services.

[0003] However, the existing scheduling methods for air conditioners involved in frequency modulation lack the assessment of the frequency modulation capacity of air conditioners, resulting in large errors in the scheduling scheme for air conditioners. If the capacity assessment is too conservative, the operator's profit will be low; conversely, if the capacity assessment is too aggressive, it may cause poor frequency modulation response during real-time operation and be punished by the market. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and device for evaluating the response capacity of air conditioners according to the frequency regulation demand of power grid, aiming to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and to achieve the technical effect of improving the dispatching efficiency of air conditioners participating in the frequency regulation of power grid by more accurately evaluating the frequency regulation capacity of air conditioners.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an air conditioning response capability evaluation method for power grid frequency modulation requirements, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Based on the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioning, the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioning are obtained;

[0007] Obtain and calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster based on the node air conditioning equipment data;

[0008] Building an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and adjusting the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model by taking the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraint conditions to obtain a response capability evaluation model;

[0009] Solve the response capability evaluation model, obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

[0010] The air conditioning response capability evaluation method provided by the present invention determines the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of each single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, thereby determining the extreme values ​​of the power consumption and cumulative energy consumption of the single central air conditioner, and further calculates and determines the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster based on the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner, as the constraint conditions for the subsequent calculation of the central air conditioning response evaluation model, and uses the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster as the constraint conditions of the evaluation model to improve the accuracy and practicality of the evaluation results output by the evaluation model. By solving the evaluation model constructed based on the power grid frequency modulation information and taking the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster as the model constraint conditions, the accurate evaluation of the response capability of the central air conditioner participating in the power grid frequency modulation demand can be achieved, and the scheduling of the central air conditioner participating in the frequency modulation demand according to the evaluation results improves the scheduling efficiency of the central air conditioner and the accuracy of the scheduling strategy.

[0011] As a preferred example, the load thermodynamic model based on the central air conditioner is solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner, including:

[0012] Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction;

[0013] Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

[0014] In order to improve the evaluation accuracy of the evaluation model, the evaluation method provided by the present invention will determine the local control instructions of the air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the air conditioner when calculating the single-cell power boundary and single-cell energy boundary of the central air conditioner, and then divide the air conditioner into controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners according to the local control instructions. The single-cell power boundary and single-cell energy boundary of the two different types of central air conditioners are calculated respectively, thereby improving the accuracy, practicality and reliability of the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters subsequently obtained on this basis.

[0015] As a preferred example, the collective solution of the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model includes:

[0016] Determining a controllable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner according to the controllable instructions in the local control instructions;

[0017] Determining an uncontrollable power boundary of the uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the uncontrollable instructions in the local control instructions;

[0018] Combining the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner;

[0019] The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

[0020] When solving the power boundary of controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners, the power boundary of the two central air conditioners is first solved separately through the two air conditioners corresponding to different local control instructions, that is, the power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner is solved through the controllable instructions in the local control instructions, and the uncontrollable central air conditioner is solved through the uncontrollable instructions. By merging the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary obtained by the solution, a single power boundary that meets the power requirements of both the controllable period and the uncontrollable period can be obtained, which further improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the power boundary parameters.

[0021] As a preferred example, the calculating the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model includes:

[0022] Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone;

[0023] The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

[0024] After determining the single power boundary of the central air conditioner, the evaluation method provided by the present invention will calculate and determine the single cumulative energy boundary of the central air conditioner based on the determined single power boundary and the load thermodynamic model, and calculate the single power boundary through the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction, so as to obtain the first average power corresponding to the lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and the second average power corresponding to the upper boundary of the temperature dead zone. By calculating the two average powers corresponding to the upper and lower boundaries of the temperature dead zone, the two extreme cases of the corresponding cumulative energy consumption of the central air conditioner can be determined, and by calculating the set of the two extreme cases of the cumulative energy consumption of the central air conditioner, the upper and lower boundaries of the single cumulative energy of the single central air conditioner, that is, the single cumulative energy boundary, can be determined, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the energy boundary parameters.

[0025] As a preferred example, the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed based on the power grid frequency modulation information, including:

[0026] Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters and historical data of frequency modulation mileage, and making predictions based on the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters;

[0027] An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function.

[0028] When constructing the initial response capability evaluation model, the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage based on the analysis of the frequency modulation information of the power grid are first predicted to obtain the frequency modulation information prediction parameters and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters, that is, the predicted values ​​obtained by predicting the frequency modulation information set parameters and the frequency modulation mileage of each scenario through a certain prediction method, as well as the probability value of each scenario. The frequency modulation information prediction parameters and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters obtained after parameter prediction can determine the objective function of the initial evaluation model, and on this basis, the corresponding initial evaluation model is constructed as the basic data of the response capability evaluation model.

[0029] Accordingly, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation requirements, the air conditioning response capability evaluation device comprising a boundary determination module, a parameter acquisition module, a model construction module and a response evaluation module; wherein:

[0030] The boundary determination module is used to solve the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner;

[0031] The parameter acquisition module is used to calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster according to the node air conditioning equipment data;

[0032] The model building module is used to build an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and use the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraints to adjust the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model to obtain a response capability evaluation model;

[0033] The response evaluation module is used to solve the response capability evaluation model, and obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

[0034] As a preferred example, the boundary determination module obtains the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, including:

[0035] Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction;

[0036] Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

[0037] As a preferred example, the boundary determination module performs a collective solution for the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0038] Determine the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner respectively according to the local control instruction, merge the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner;

[0039] The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

[0040] As a preferred example, the boundary determination module calculates the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0041] Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone;

[0042] The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

[0043] As a preferred example, the model building module builds an initial response capability assessment model based on power grid frequency modulation information, including:

[0044] Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters, frequency modulation mileage and scenario parameters, and converting the frequency modulation information set parameters and the frequency modulation mileage into different formats using the scenario parameters to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters;

[0045] An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1: A flow chart of an embodiment of an air conditioning response capability evaluation method for power grid frequency modulation requirements provided by the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 : A structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of an air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation requirements provided by the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 : A line chart of an embodiment of the single-unit cumulative energy boundary of the single-unit central air conditioner provided by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Embodiment 1

[0051] Please refer to Figure 1 , which is a flow chart of an embodiment of an air conditioning response capability evaluation method for power grid frequency modulation requirements provided by the present invention, including steps 101 to 104, each of which is specifically as follows:

[0052] Step 101: Solve the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner to obtain the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

[0053] Based on the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioners, the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioners are calculated, which provides a data basis for the subsequent calculation of the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioner resource cluster, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters. At the same time, by solving the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioners to obtain the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of central air conditioners, the limit value of the response capacity of central air conditioners is also confirmed.

[0054] With respect to the step 101 of solving the power boundary of the central air conditioner unit and the unit cumulative energy boundary, this embodiment also provides the following corresponding specific implementation steps:

[0055] Based on the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioning, the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of single central air conditioning are obtained, including:

[0056] Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction;

[0057] Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

[0058] In order to improve the evaluation accuracy of the evaluation model, the evaluation method provided by the present invention will determine the local control instructions of the air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the air conditioner when calculating the single-cell power boundary and single-cell energy boundary of the central air conditioner, and then divide the air conditioner into controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners according to the local control instructions. The single-cell power boundary and single-cell energy boundary of the two different types of central air conditioners are calculated respectively, thereby improving the accuracy, practicality and reliability of the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters subsequently obtained on this basis.

[0059] In this embodiment, the central air-conditioning load thermodynamic model provided by the evaluation method is constructed based on the first-order discrete thermodynamic model of the central air-conditioning, and the expression of the first-order discrete thermodynamic model of the central air-conditioning is as follows:

[0060]

[0061] In the above expression, The internal temperature of the central air conditioner numbered i in the tth time period (such as the temperature in the room where the air conditioner is installed or the temperature in the refrigerator); is the control instruction of the central air conditioner numbered i in the tth period. When the control instruction is equal to 1, it means that the device is turned on and is cooling, and when the control instruction is equal to 0, it means that the device is turned off and stops cooling; is the external ambient temperature in the tth period; a TCL,i is a value equal to exp(-τ / R TCL C TCL ) parameters. At the same time, this embodiment defines the temperature dead zone of the central air conditioner numbered i as in: In addition, the physical meanings of the remaining parameters are shown in the following table:

[0062]

[0063] In the above expression, the control instruction of the central air conditioner, that is, the local control instruction of the central air conditioner The main basis is the equipment temperature in the next period And the temperature control dead zone set by the user. The specific setting basis is: when the temperature of the equipment in the next period is lower than the lower limit of the temperature control dead zone θ TCL,i When the temperature of the equipment in the next period is higher than the upper limit of the temperature control dead zone, the central air conditioner must be turned off to prevent the temperature from dropping further and affecting the use of the equipment users. When the temperature of the equipment in the next period is still within the temperature control dead zone set by the user, it means that the ambient temperature of the equipment in the next period remains good and there is no need to use the central air conditioner for temperature control. Therefore, the local control maintains the current control command unchanged to avoid frequent start and stop of the central air conditioner, which leads to unnecessary energy consumption of the central air conditioner.

[0064] Furthermore, considering that frequent startup and shutdown of central air conditioners may lead to accelerated loss of central air conditioner components, reduce the service life of equipment such as compressors, and inevitably increase the energy loss of central air conditioners, affecting the normal operation time of central air conditioners. Therefore, when modeling the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioners, the minimum startup and shutdown time of central air conditioners are introduced to limit central air conditioners, so as to minimize the negative impact of external control on central air conditioners.

[0065] According to the local control instructions of the central air conditioner, the central air conditioner whose internal temperature is within the dead zone and whose operating state is not subject to the minimum startup and minimum shutdown time constraints will be classified as a controllable central air conditioner. Conversely, when the internal temperature of the central air conditioner is outside the temperature dead zone, or the on / off state is still subject to the minimum startup and minimum shutdown restrictions, the central air conditioner will be classified as an uncontrollable central air conditioner. In order to ensure that the demand-side response does not affect the normal use of user equipment, the power demand of the uncontrollable central air conditioner must be met and cannot be remotely turned off or on at will.

[0066] In this embodiment, in order to facilitate distinction, the set of central air conditioners in the previous time period that are in working state among the controllable central air conditioners is determined as Correspondingly, the set of central air conditioners that are in the off state in the previous time period among the controllable central air conditioners is determined as As for the set of uncontrollable central air conditioners, it can also be divided into two subsets. The first subset The second subset includes all the uncontrollable central air conditioners that must be turned on during the current period. The central air conditioners are divided into controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners according to their corresponding local control instructions. The controllable central air conditioners can be further divided into two subsets according to their working status at the previous time. For the uncontrollable central air conditioners, they are divided into two subsets according to their working status at the current time.

[0067] Furthermore, this embodiment performs a collective solution for the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0068] Determining a controllable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner according to the controllable instructions in the local control instructions;

[0069] Determining an uncontrollable power boundary of the uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the uncontrollable instructions in the local control instructions;

[0070] Combining the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner;

[0071] The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

[0072] When solving the power boundary of controllable central air conditioners and uncontrollable central air conditioners, the power boundary of the two central air conditioners is first solved separately through the two air conditioners corresponding to different local control instructions, that is, the power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner is solved through the controllable instructions in the local control instructions, and the uncontrollable central air conditioner is solved through the uncontrollable instructions. By merging the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary obtained by the solution, a single power boundary that meets the power requirements of both the controllable period and the uncontrollable period can be obtained, which further improves the accuracy and effectiveness of the power boundary parameters.

[0073] For different central air conditioners, this embodiment uses different control instructions to solve the power boundary thereof, so as to further improve the accuracy of the obtained power boundary.

[0074] When solving the power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner, this embodiment preferably makes an approximate assumption that the controllable power of a single controllable central air conditioner can be within the interval [0,P TCL,i It should be noted that, when determining the controllable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner, this embodiment determines the controllable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner to be within the interval [0,P TCL,i] is continuously adjustable, however, when actually scheduling and controlling the controllable central air-conditioning, the switching decision of the device will also be determined according to the power issued and the state of the controllable central air-conditioning to be scheduled.

[0075] The uncontrollable power boundary of the uncontrollable central air conditioner is determined by its state, including: The upper and lower limits of the power consumption of the central air conditioner are both the rated power P TCL,i , and for the subset For the central air conditioner, the upper and lower limits of power consumption are both 0.

[0076] Based on the above calculation content, the power boundary of the single central air conditioner can be determined, including the single controllable central air conditioner and the single uncontrollable central air conditioner. The expression is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Furthermore, this embodiment calculates the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0079] Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone;

[0080] The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

[0081] After determining the single power boundary of the central air conditioner, the evaluation method provided by the present invention will calculate and determine the single cumulative energy boundary of the central air conditioner based on the determined single power boundary and the load thermodynamic model, and calculate the single power boundary through the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction, so as to obtain the first average power corresponding to the lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and the second average power corresponding to the upper boundary of the temperature dead zone. By calculating the two average powers corresponding to the upper and lower boundaries of the temperature dead zone, the two extreme cases of the corresponding cumulative energy consumption of the central air conditioner can be determined, and by calculating the set of the two extreme cases of the cumulative energy consumption of the central air conditioner, the upper and lower boundaries of the single cumulative energy of the single central air conditioner, that is, the single cumulative energy boundary, can be determined, thereby improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the energy boundary parameters.

[0082] After determining the power boundary of the central air conditioner in this embodiment, the cumulative energy boundary of the central air conditioner can be determined, that is, the upper and lower bounds of the cumulative energy of the central air conditioner will correspond to the two extreme situations of the power consumption of the central air conditioner. Figure 3 , Figure 3A line chart showing an embodiment of the unit cumulative energy boundary of the unit central air conditioner provided by the present invention.

[0083] like Figure 3 As shown in , since the central air conditioner may still be subject to the constraint of the minimum on / off time at the current moment, when the central air conditioner is transformed into a controllable central air conditioner, its fastest power consumption trajectory, that is, the initial change line trajectory of the internal temperature of the air conditioner corresponding to the first extreme case of the central air conditioner, is as follows Figure 3 The broken line trajectory ABC is shown, and the control decision corresponding to the broken line trajectory ABC is: first start cooling until the equipment temperature reaches the lower limit of the temperature dead zone, and then continuously start and stop the central air conditioner to maintain the equipment temperature of the central air conditioner at the lower limit of the temperature dead zone set by the user.

[0084] Figure 3 The reason for the formation of the broken line trajectory ABC is that as the gap between the internal temperature of the central air conditioner and the ambient temperature increases, the heat exchange between the internal and external environment of the central air conditioner will accelerate, which will lead to an increase in the average power consumption of the central air conditioner. In addition, due to the limitation of the minimum on / off time of the central air conditioner, Figure 3 On the trajectory ABC shown, the switch status of the central air conditioner will be The duty cycle of the power supply is continuously turned on and off periodically at the lower limit of the temperature dead zone. Figure 3 The t1 shown is defined as the off time in each cycle.

[0085] Therefore, according to the above control decision, this embodiment can approximately calculate the average power consumption when the central air conditioner reaches the lower limit of the temperature dead zone as follows:

[0086]

[0087] In the above expression, The minimum start-up time of the central air conditioner numbered i.

[0088] Similarly to the above extreme case, another extreme case of central air conditioning can be determined, that is, the case where the central air conditioning consumes the slowest power. The corresponding initial change line trajectory of the internal temperature of the air conditioning equipment is as follows: Figure 3 The broken line trajectory ABD shown in the figure, the control decision corresponding to the broken line trajectory ABD is: first stop cooling until the equipment temperature reaches the upper limit of the temperature dead zone, and then continuously start and stop the central air conditioner to maintain the equipment temperature of the central air conditioner at the upper limit of the temperature dead zone set by the user. Figure 3 The t2 shown is defined as the off time in each cycle.

[0089] Therefore, according to the above control decision, this embodiment can approximately calculate the average power consumption when the central air conditioner reaches the upper limit of the temperature dead zone as follows:

[0090]

[0091] According to the above calculation, the average power consumption of the central air conditioner at the upper and lower limits of the temperature dead zone is calculated and its cumulative sum over time is calculated to determine the cumulative power consumption of the central air conditioner at the end of the period. In this embodiment, B(t0) is used to represent the set of all time periods before the period t0, τ represents the length of the period, and the corresponding single cumulative energy boundary expression is as follows:

[0092]

[0093] Step 102: Obtain and calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster according to the node air conditioning equipment data.

[0094] After determining the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of the central air conditioner, the two can be cumulatively calculated by obtaining the number of central air conditioners in the central air conditioner cluster to be evaluated, so as to obtain the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the entire central air conditioner resource cluster to be evaluated, that is, the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters, which are output as constraints of the response capacity evaluation model.

[0095] In this embodiment, according to the acquired node air conditioning equipment data, that is, the number of all central air conditioning equipment connected to the node to be evaluated, the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioning equipment are accumulated to obtain the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster. The specific expressions are as follows:

[0096]

[0097] Step 103: constructing an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and adjusting the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model by taking the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraint conditions to obtain a response capability evaluation model.

[0098] After determining the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air-conditioning resource cluster, an initial response capability assessment model for the central air-conditioning will be constructed based on the power grid frequency regulation information. The determined power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters will be used as constraints of the model to adjust the corresponding parameters of the constructed initial response capability assessment model, thus obtaining a response capability assessment model constructed for the power grid frequency regulation requirements.

[0099] With respect to step 103 of constructing an initial response capability evaluation model based on power grid frequency modulation information, this embodiment also provides the following corresponding specific implementation steps:

[0100] This embodiment builds an initial response capability evaluation model based on power grid frequency modulation information, including:

[0101] Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters and historical data of frequency modulation mileage, and making predictions based on the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters;

[0102] An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function.

[0103] When constructing the initial response capability evaluation model, the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage based on the analysis of the frequency modulation information of the power grid are first predicted to obtain the frequency modulation information prediction parameters and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters, that is, the predicted values ​​obtained by predicting the frequency modulation information set parameters and the frequency modulation mileage of each scenario through a certain prediction method, as well as the probability value of each scenario. The frequency modulation information prediction parameters and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters obtained after parameter prediction can determine the objective function of the initial evaluation model, and on this basis, the corresponding initial evaluation model is constructed as the basic data of the response capability evaluation model.

[0104] In this embodiment, the frequency modulation information set parameter S can be obtained by parsing the power grid frequency modulation information. t up / dn , frequency modulation mileage m t . It is assumed that the operator of the power grid predicts the typical scenarios in which these parameters may take values ​​in the future based on the historical data of the above parameters through a certain prediction method, that is, the frequency modulation information set parameters and frequency modulation mileage of each scenario are predicted through a certain prediction method to obtain the corresponding prediction value. The set of all typical scenarios of the device in this embodiment is represented by Ω, the number of each scenario is represented by ω, and the probability of each scenario occurring is represented by π ω Represented as: The predicted values ​​of the above data in scenario ω are expressed as: and m ω,t According to the obtained frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters, the objective function of the initial response capability evaluation model can be constructed, and the corresponding initial response capability evaluation model can be determined according to the constructed objective function.

[0105] The initial response capability evaluation model constructed in this embodiment is a two-stage random optimization model, so the initial evaluation model includes two-stage decision variables: the first stage is the power evaluation curve in the energy market The second phase is to evaluate the capacity of frequency regulation in various future scenarios Therefore, the objective function of the constructed initial evaluation model is as follows:

[0106]

[0107] In the above expression, the first term is the cost of purchasing electricity in the energy market, where is the predicted value of the clearing price of the day-ahead energy market. The first term in the brackets in the objective function expression is the expected revenue from providing frequency regulation services. is the frequency regulation capacity price, is the frequency modulation performance price. Therefore, the expected benefits of providing frequency modulation services include two parts: the first part is the frequency modulation capacity benefit, and the second part is the frequency modulation effect benefit. Among them, the frequency modulation capacity benefit is proportional to the frequency modulation capacity reported by the operator, and the frequency modulation effect benefit is proportional to the product of the frequency modulation capacity and the actual frequency modulation mileage. The second term in the brackets in the objective function expression is the frequency modulation cost of the resource cluster, which is proportional to the cumulative power consumption of the resource cluster. In direct proportion to b The unit loss cost.

[0108] After the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed, the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters can be used as constraints to adjust the parameters of the initial evaluation model accordingly. The historical data is used to predict the power boundary prediction parameters and energy boundary prediction parameters corresponding to the scenario ω.

[0109] By adjusting the parameters of the initial evaluation model through the above power boundary prediction parameters and energy boundary prediction parameters, the upper and lower bound constraints of the collective power curve of the central air-conditioning resource cluster of the response capacity evaluation model and the upper and lower bound constraints of the collective energy curve can be obtained. At the same time, the original purchase and use equation constraints of the model are included. It can be determined that the constraints of the response capacity evaluation model include the following three:

[0110]

[0111] in, is the power of the air conditioning cluster during the up-modulation or down-modulation period in scenario ω.

[0112] The calculation parameters used in the response capacity evaluation model constructed by the above evaluation method are easy to obtain, and the calculation process of the model is also simple and easy to execute. Therefore, the response capacity evaluation model provided by this embodiment can realize the frequency modulation response capacity analysis of central air conditioners from the perspective of resource operators, thereby improving the efficiency and economy of demand response.

[0113] Step 104: Solve the response capability evaluation model, obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

[0114] This embodiment solves the response capacity evaluation model constructed during the evaluation process to obtain the central air conditioning response capacity evaluation result that maximizes the operator's expected benefits. The evaluation method provided by this embodiment brings new ideas and methods to the research and application of the field of flexible resource evaluation technology, and is expected to be widely used in power systems.

[0115] The air conditioning response capability evaluation method provided by the embodiment of the present invention determines the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of each single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, thereby determining the extreme values ​​of the power consumption and cumulative energy consumption of the single central air conditioner, and further calculates and determines the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster based on the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner, as the constraint conditions for the subsequent calculation of the central air conditioning response evaluation model, and uses the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster as the constraint conditions of the evaluation model to improve the accuracy and practicality of the evaluation results output by the evaluation model. By solving the evaluation model constructed based on the power grid frequency modulation information and taking the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioning resource cluster as the model constraint conditions, the accurate evaluation of the response capability of the central air conditioner participating in the power grid frequency modulation demand can be achieved, and the scheduling of the central air conditioner participating in the frequency modulation demand according to the evaluation results improves the scheduling efficiency of the central air conditioner and the accuracy of the scheduling strategy.

[0116] In order to better illustrate the working principle and step flow of the method and device for evaluating the air conditioning response capability according to the power grid frequency modulation demand of the present invention, it is possible but not limited to refer to the relevant records above.

[0117] Accordingly, see Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of an air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation requirements provided by the present invention. Figure 2 As shown, the air conditioning response capability evaluation device includes a boundary determination module 201, a parameter acquisition module 202, a model construction module 203 and a response evaluation module 204; wherein:

[0118] The boundary determination module 201 is used to solve the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner.

[0119] Furthermore, the boundary determination module 201 obtains the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, including:

[0120] Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction;

[0121] Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

[0122] Furthermore, the boundary determination module 201 performs a set solution on the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0123] Determine the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner respectively according to the local control instruction, merge the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner;

[0124] The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

[0125] Furthermore, the boundary determination module 201 calculates the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model, including:

[0126] Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone;

[0127] The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

[0128] The parameter acquisition module 202 is used to acquire and calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster according to the node air conditioning equipment data.

[0129] The model building module 203 is used to build an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and adjust the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model by taking the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraint conditions to obtain a response capability evaluation model.

[0130] Furthermore, the model building module 203 builds an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, including:

[0131] Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters and historical data of frequency modulation mileage, and making predictions based on the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters;

[0132] An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function.

[0133] The response evaluation module 204 is used to solve the response capability evaluation model, and obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

[0134] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method and device for evaluating the response capacity of air conditioners for power grid frequency modulation requirements. The single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of a single central air conditioner are obtained based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, and the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioner resource cluster are calculated by obtaining the node air conditioner equipment data; an initial response capacity evaluation model is constructed based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and constraints are established in the initial evaluation model through power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters to obtain a response capacity evaluation model, and the evaluation model is solved to obtain a response capacity evaluation result. Using the power boundary and energy boundary of the central air conditioner resource cluster as constraints of the evaluation model improves the accuracy and practicality of the evaluation results output by the evaluation model; scheduling the central air conditioners participating in the frequency modulation requirements according to the evaluation results improves the scheduling efficiency of the central air conditioners and the accuracy of the scheduling strategy.

[0135] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It is particularly pointed out that for those skilled in the art, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the response capability of air conditioners to power grid frequency modulation requirements, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the load thermodynamic model of central air conditioning, the power boundary and cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioning are obtained; Obtain and calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster based on the node air conditioning equipment data; Building an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and adjusting the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model by taking the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraint conditions to obtain a response capability evaluation model; Solve the response capability evaluation model, obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

2. The method for evaluating air conditioning response capability to power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load thermodynamic model based on the central air conditioner is solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner, including: Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction; Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

3. The method for evaluating the air conditioning response capability to the power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 2, characterized in that: The collective solution of the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model includes: Determining a controllable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner according to the controllable instructions in the local control instructions; Determining an uncontrollable power boundary of the uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the uncontrollable instructions in the local control instructions; Combining the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner; The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

4. The method for evaluating the air conditioning response capability to the power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 3, characterized in that: The calculating the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model includes: Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone; The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

5. The method for evaluating air conditioning response capability to power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial response capability evaluation model is constructed based on the power grid frequency modulation information, including: Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters and historical data of frequency modulation mileage, and making predictions based on the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters; An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function.

6. An air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation requirements, characterized in that: The air conditioning response capability evaluation device comprises a boundary determination module, a parameter acquisition module, a model construction module and a response evaluation module; wherein: The boundary determination module is used to solve the single power boundary and single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner; The parameter acquisition module is used to acquire and calculate the power boundary parameters and energy boundary parameters of the central air conditioning resource cluster based on the node air conditioning equipment data; The model building module is used to build an initial response capability evaluation model based on the power grid frequency modulation information, and use the power boundary parameter and the energy boundary parameter as constraints to adjust the parameters of the initial response capability evaluation model to obtain a response capability evaluation model; The response evaluation module is used to solve the response capability evaluation model, and obtain and output the response capability evaluation result of the corresponding central air conditioner.

7. The air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 6, characterized in that: The boundary determination module obtains the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model of the central air conditioner, including: Acquire and determine a local control instruction of the central air conditioner according to the equipment parameters of the central air conditioner, and divide the central air conditioner into a controllable central air conditioner and an uncontrollable central air conditioner according to the local control instruction; Based on the load thermodynamic model, the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner are collectively solved to obtain the single power boundary and the single cumulative energy boundary of the single central air conditioner.

8. The air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 7, characterized in that: The boundary determination module performs a collective solution for the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner based on the load thermodynamic model, including: Determine the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary of the controllable central air conditioner and the uncontrollable central air conditioner respectively according to the local control instruction, merge the controllable power boundary and the uncontrollable power boundary to obtain the single power boundary of the single central air conditioner; The single-cell power boundary and the local control instruction are calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the single-cell cumulative energy boundary.

9. The air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 8, characterized in that: The boundary determination module calculates the single power boundary and the local control instruction based on the load thermodynamic model, including: Calculating the power boundary of the single cell according to the temperature dead zone width of the local control instruction to obtain a first average power at a lower boundary of the temperature dead zone and a second average power at an upper boundary of the temperature dead zone; The first average power and the second average power are collectively calculated based on the load thermodynamic model to obtain the monomer cumulative energy boundary.

10. The air conditioning response capability evaluation device for power grid frequency modulation demand according to claim 6, characterized in that: The model building module builds an initial response capability evaluation model based on power grid frequency modulation information, including: Parsing the power grid frequency modulation information to obtain frequency modulation information set parameters and historical data of frequency modulation mileage, and making predictions based on the historical data of the frequency modulation information set parameters and the historical data of the frequency modulation mileage to obtain frequency modulation information prediction parameters and frequency modulation mileage prediction parameters; An objective function is determined according to the frequency modulation information prediction parameter and the frequency modulation mileage prediction parameter, and the initial response capability evaluation model is constructed according to the objective function.

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