Mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological engineering, in particular to a comprehensive evaluation method and system for a mine geological environment, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting mine surface geological data based on a target mine region, collecting vegetation types and vegetation coverage area data, evaluating the occurrence probability of landslide and land subsidence of a plurality of regions of a mine, and obtaining a comprehensive evaluation result; and obtaining a surface risk assessment result. According to the method, the accuracy and the reliability of risk assessment are improved by integrating the surface geological data and the vegetation coverage data and combining meteorological information and topographic analysis, the judgment for geological stability is enhanced by combining fixed-point assessment and stratigraphic analysis, so that early warning for a hidden danger area is more timely and specific, and the risk assessment accuracy and the risk assessment reliability are improved. By monitoring surface deformation in real time and combining long-term data analysis, a more dynamic and continuous geological environment change trend is provided, mining strategies and disaster prevention and reduction measures can be adjusted in time, and the environmental influence of mining activities is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological engineering technology, and in particular to a method and system for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment. Background Art

[0002] The field of geotechnical engineering covers methods and systems for utilizing, transforming and protecting the geological environment. This field focuses on the prevention of geological hazards, the safety of underground construction projects, the stability of soil and rock, and environmental protection. The professional practice of geotechnical engineering includes foundation treatment, slope stability, design and construction of tunnels and underground projects, hydrogeological assessment, and soil and rock mechanics. The field relies on multidisciplinary knowledge, including geology, civil engineering, environmental science and engineering, etc., and aims to provide technical solutions under geological conditions for various infrastructure projects.

[0003] The comprehensive evaluation method of mining geological environment is a technical means to evaluate the geological environment status and risks in mining areas. This topic focuses on analyzing the geological conditions of mining areas, the impact of mining activities on the environment, and possible geological disasters such as ground subsidence, water pollution and soil erosion. The comprehensive evaluation method usually includes steps such as data collection, risk assessment, impact prediction and management measures. The purpose is to provide a scientific basis for mine planning, formulation of environmental protection measures and disaster prevention. Through this evaluation, mining companies and management agencies can optimize resource extraction, reduce environmental impacts and ensure the sustainable development of mining areas.

[0004] Traditional methods usually rely on a single data source and a static risk assessment model, which is difficult to adapt to the impact of rapidly changing geological environments and mining activities. The one-sidedness of such data and the time lag of analysis will lead to delayed preventive measures for geological disasters and inability to effectively respond to sudden environmental changes. For example, if only surface observation data are relied upon, structural changes deep underground cannot be discovered in a timely manner, leading to misjudgment of geological stability. In addition, the lack of existing technology in integrating multi-source data and conducting long-term monitoring also limits the implementation of comprehensive risk management of the geological environment of mines, increasing the economic losses and environmental damage caused by geological disasters. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a method and system for comprehensive evaluation of the geological environment of a mine.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1: Based on the target mining area, collect the mine surface geological data, vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data, combine the future weather condition data and the mine slope, evaluate the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine, and obtain the surface risk assessment results;

[0008] S2: Based on the target mining area, collect deep geological structure data, evaluate the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine, and analyze the overall geological stability of the mine to obtain stability analysis results;

[0009] S3: Based on the stability analysis results, the mine surface deformation is monitored in real time through ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology, ground subsidence and cracks are identified, the change trend of surface deformation is evaluated, and the surface deformation prediction results are obtained;

[0010] S4: Based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining geological environment risk assessment results;

[0011] S5: Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, analyze the geological risks of each area of ​​the mine, evaluate the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment, and obtain geological environment safety assessment results.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the surface risk assessment results include regional landslide probability, ground subsidence probability and potential impact area, the stability analysis results include monitoring point stability indicators, overall stability rating and key risk areas, the surface deformation prediction results include surface deformation rate, deformation trend prediction and high-risk deformation areas, the geological environment risk assessment results include mining impact rating, potential environmental risk areas and risk level classification, and the geological environment safety assessment results include overall risk score and a list of key monitoring areas.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the target mine area, the mine surface geological data is collected, and the vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data are collected at the same time. Combined with the future weather condition data and the slope of the mine, the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine is evaluated, and the steps of obtaining the surface risk assessment results are specifically as follows:

[0014] S101: Based on the target mining area, geological survey is conducted to mark the surface geological types in the area, the distribution range of each geological type is recorded according to actual observations, and the coverage area corresponding to each geological type is measured to obtain the surface geological type record;

[0015] S102: Based on the surface geological type records, the vegetation coverage in the area is classified and counted, the coverage range corresponding to the vegetation type is measured, and the future weather conditions, including rainfall, wind speed and temperature, are obtained by combining the meteorological station data, and the data are integrated to obtain the vegetation and meteorological data set;

[0016] S103: Based on the vegetation and meteorological data set, the surface slope of the mine is analyzed, the interaction between the geological type and the slope of the differentiated area is analyzed, and the probability of landslide and ground subsidence is predicted in combination with meteorological parameters to obtain a surface risk assessment result.

[0017] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for predicting the probability of occurrence of landslide and ground subsidence is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, a represents the scaling factor, β0 represents the intercept of the model, β1 represents the weight of the surface slope, x1 represents the degree of the slope value, β2 represents the weight of the geological type, x2 represents the geological type index, β3 represents the weight of the meteorological conditions, x3 represents the meteorological condition index, β4 represents the weight of the vegetation coverage, x4 represents the vegetation coverage rate, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and P is the probability of occurrence.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the target mine area, deep geological structure data is collected, the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine is evaluated, and the overall geological stability of the mine is analyzed. The steps of obtaining the stability analysis results are specifically as follows:

[0021] S201: Based on the target mining area, multiple sampling points are set up, and deep geological structure data are collected at each sampling point, including recording the lithology, thickness and mineral composition of the strata, obtaining stratum parameters through drilling and sample analysis, and obtaining deep geological data records;

[0022] S202: Based on the deep geological data record, the mechanical relationship between the stratum thickness and the mining load is analyzed, and the corresponding pressure distribution is analyzed by measuring the contour of the mine shape, and the geological stability of the monitoring point is evaluated to obtain the stability analysis result of the monitoring point;

[0023] S203: Based on the stability analysis results of the monitoring points, the stability of multiple monitoring points in the entire mining area is compared, the overall stability index of the area is evaluated, and the stability analysis results are obtained.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the stability analysis results, the surface deformation of the mine is monitored in real time by ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology, ground subsidence and cracks are identified, and the trend of surface deformation is evaluated. The specific steps for obtaining the surface deformation prediction result are:

[0025] S301: Based on the stability analysis results, deploy multiple ground sensors covering the mine surface, periodically collect data on the surface settlement and crack width within the monitoring range, convert the collected physical measurement values ​​into digital signals, and record the location and time tags of the monitoring points to obtain surface deformation monitoring data;

[0026] S302: Based on the surface deformation monitoring data, combined with the acquired satellite remote sensing image, the position change of the surface pixel points in the image is registered with the settlement and crack data of the ground sensor, the deformation between the images is compared through geometric transformation, the surface settlement area and crack distribution are marked, and the deformation area recognition result is obtained;

[0027] S303: Based on the deformation area identification result, the settlement amplitude, crack extension rate and spatial change trend of the differentiated area are analyzed, the monitoring data of the continuous time period are interpolated, the change pattern and trend of the surface deformation are derived, and the surface deformation prediction result is obtained.

[0028] As a further solution of the present invention, the formula for deriving the change pattern and trend of surface deformation is:

[0029]

[0030] Where T represents the surface deformation trend index, S d represents the sum of settlement data in the identified area, N represents the total number of monitoring points in the area, R represents the rate of crack expansion, Δx represents the maximum amplitude of spatial variation, and α T , β T , γ T is the weight coefficient.

[0031] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the surface deformation prediction result, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, and evaluating the risk level of mining activities, the steps of obtaining the geological environment risk assessment result are specifically as follows:

[0032] S401: Based on the surface deformation prediction result and in combination with the mining plan data of the mine, the target depth, geological structure layer and rock mass parameters of the mining area are extracted, and the mining method, equipment type and operation scale of the target area are recorded to obtain a mining target data set;

[0033] S402: Based on the mining target data set, extract historical mining data of similar geological structures, analyze the impact of mining activities on geological stress distribution and stratum displacement, analyze the pressure change and stress distribution imbalance coefficient of the current mining area, and obtain geological structure stress analysis results;

[0034] S403: Based on the geological structure stress analysis results, evaluate the potential damage areas of mining activities to the mine geological structure, classify the stress distribution and deformation risks of differentiated areas, evaluate the overall risk level of mining activities, and obtain geological environment risk assessment results.

[0035] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the surface risk assessment results, the surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and the geological environment risk assessment results, the geological risk of each area of ​​the mine is analyzed, and the overall safety level of the mine geological environment is evaluated. The steps of obtaining the geological environment safety assessment results are specifically as follows:

[0036] S501: Based on the surface risk assessment results, the surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and the geological environment risk assessment results, the landslide probability, ground subsidence change and mining risk level of each area of ​​the mine are obtained, and the data of each area are classified and summarized to obtain a mine area geological risk data set;

[0037] S502: Based on the geological risk data set of the mining area, analyzing the mean value and coefficient of variation of the geological risk level of each area, identifying high-risk areas and low-risk areas by analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of the risk values, and obtaining the geological risk distribution information of the mining area;

[0038] S503: Based on the mine geological risk distribution information, evaluate the overall safety level of the mine's differentiated areas, analyze the mine geological risk mean and disaster probability value, predict the possibility of geological disasters during mining, and obtain geological environment safety assessment results.

[0039] A mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation system, the mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation system is used to execute the mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation method, the system comprises:

[0040] The surface risk analysis module collects surface geological data of the mine based on the target mine area, and also collects data on vegetation type and vegetation coverage area. It combines future weather condition data and the slope of the mine to assess the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine and obtain surface risk assessment results.

[0041] The deformation analysis module collects deep geological structure data based on the target mining area, evaluates the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine, analyzes the overall geological stability of the mine, monitors the surface deformation of the mine in real time, identifies ground subsidence and cracks, evaluates the changing trend of surface deformation, and obtains the surface deformation prediction results;

[0042] The mining impact analysis module is based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining geological environment risk assessment results;

[0043] Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, the geological safety assessment module analyzes the geological risks in each area of ​​the mine, evaluates the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment, predicts the probability of geological disasters during mining, and obtains geological environment safety assessment results.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are:

[0045] In the present invention, by integrating surface geological data and vegetation cover data, and combining meteorological information and terrain analysis, the risks of landslides and ground subsidence can be accurately assessed, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of risk assessment. In the detection of deep geological structures, a combination of fixed-point assessment and stratigraphic analysis is adopted to enhance the judgment of geological stability, making early warning of potential danger areas more timely and specific. By real-time monitoring of surface deformation and combining long-term data analysis, a more dynamic and continuous trend of geological environmental changes is provided, which helps to timely adjust mining strategies and disaster prevention and mitigation measures, reduce the environmental impact of mining activities, and enable mine managers to comprehensively evaluate and optimize mine operations and achieve sustained stability of the geological environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0047] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 6This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention.

[0053] Figure 7 It is a system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The technical solution of the present invention is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0055] In the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "example" in the present invention should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of the word "example" is intended to present the concept in a specific way. In addition, in the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning expressed by "and / or" can be both, or it can be either of the two.

[0056] In the embodiments of the present invention, "image" and "picture" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same. "of", "corresponding, relevant" and "corresponding" can sometimes be used interchangeably. It should be noted that when the difference between them is not emphasized, the meanings they intend to express are the same.

[0057] In the embodiments of the present invention, sometimes a subscript such as W1 may be written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are the same.

[0058] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more clear, a detailed description will be given below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0059] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution: a comprehensive evaluation method for mining geological environment, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1: Based on the target mining area, collect the mine surface geological data, including the surface geological type and the corresponding coverage area information, and collect the vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data. Combined with the future weather condition data and the slope of the mine, evaluate the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine, and obtain the surface risk assessment results;

[0061] S2: Based on the target mine area, deep geological structure data is collected through fixed-point sampling. The geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine is evaluated according to the type, thickness and shape of the stratum, and the overall geological stability of the mine is analyzed to obtain stability analysis results;

[0062] S3: Based on the results of stability analysis, the mine surface deformation is monitored in real time through ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology, ground subsidence and cracks are identified, and the surface deformation trend is evaluated by analyzing the surface deformation data over a period of time to obtain the surface deformation prediction results;

[0063] S4: Based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting the mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining the geological environment risk assessment results;

[0064] S5: Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, analyze the geological risks of each area of ​​the mine, evaluate the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment, predict the probability of geological disasters during mining, and obtain geological environment safety assessment results.

[0065] The results of surface risk assessment include regional landslide probability, ground subsidence probability and potential impact area; the results of stability analysis include monitoring point stability index, overall stability rating and key risk areas; the results of surface deformation prediction include surface deformation rate, deformation trend prediction and high-risk deformation areas; the results of geological environment risk assessment include mining impact rating, potential environmental risk area and risk level classification; the results of geological environment safety assessment include overall risk score and a list of key monitoring areas.

[0066] See also Figure 2 Based on the target mining area, the mine surface geological data is collected, including the surface geological type and the corresponding coverage area information. At the same time, the vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data are collected. Combined with the future weather condition data and the slope of the mine, the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine is evaluated. The specific steps to obtain the surface risk assessment results are as follows:

[0067] S101: Based on the target mining area, geological survey is conducted to mark the surface geological types in the area, the distribution range of each geological type is recorded according to actual observations, and the coverage area corresponding to each geological type is measured to obtain the surface geological type record;

[0068] Based on the target mining area, geological surveys are carried out and positioning equipment is deployed to ensure that each measuring point accurately corresponds to the actual geographic coordinates. Based on geographic information system technology, the distribution of various geological types in the surveying area is mapped, and the specific locations and boundaries of different geological types such as sandy soil, clay, rock, etc. are recorded in detail. Unmanned aerial vehicles equipped with high-resolution cameras are used to scan the surface to obtain higher-precision surface images. Image processing technology is used, supplemented by artificial intelligence recognition algorithms to accurately distinguish various geological types. The specific coverage area of ​​each type is calculated by professional software. These data are entered into the central database to form a complete record of surface geological types.

[0069] S102: Based on the surface geological type records, the vegetation coverage in the area is classified and counted, the coverage range corresponding to the vegetation type is measured, and the future weather conditions, including rainfall, wind speed and temperature, are obtained by combining the meteorological station data, and the data is integrated to obtain the vegetation and meteorological data set;

[0070] Based on the records of surface geological types, accurate vegetation distribution data is obtained by combining satellite remote sensing with real-time ground sampling. Vegetation types such as herbs, shrubs and trees are determined through spectral analysis. The specific areas covered by each vegetation are accurately measured through geographic information system technology. The vegetation data is correlated with the weather data provided by the meteorological station, and the data is integrated and processed through statistical software. Combined with future weather trend forecasts such as rainfall, wind speed, temperature and other parameters, vegetation and meteorological data sets are obtained.

[0071] S103: Based on vegetation and meteorological data sets, analyze the surface slope of the mine, analyze the interactive effects of geological types and slopes in differentiated areas, and combine meteorological parameters to predict the probability of landslides and ground subsidence to obtain surface risk assessment results;

[0072] The formula for predicting the probability of landslide and ground subsidence is:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, a represents the scaling factor, β0 represents the intercept of the model, β1 represents the weight of the surface slope, x1 represents the degree of the slope value, β2 represents the weight of the geological type, x2 represents the geological type index, β3 represents the weight of the meteorological conditions, x3 represents the meteorological condition index, β4 represents the weight of the vegetation coverage, x4 represents the vegetation coverage rate, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and P is the probability of occurrence.

[0075] formula:

[0076]

[0077] Parameter details and how to obtain them:

[0078] a scaling factor, which is used to adjust the scaling range of the probability. This factor can be determined by analyzing historical data to match the distribution of predicted probabilities. For example, by comparing the frequency of historical landslide events with the predicted frequency, a factor can be selected that makes the prediction most accurate.

[0079] The intercept of the β0 model is usually obtained through statistical methods of regression analysis and represents the baseline probability when there is no influence of any input variable.

[0080] β1 is the weight of the surface slope. This coefficient is determined by regression analysis and reflects the magnitude of the change in the probability of landslide and subsidence when the slope increases. The sine transform is used to capture the nonlinear characteristics of the slope's effect on landslide probability.

[0081] The x1 slope value, in degrees, is converted into a sine value and is obtained from field measurements or GIS geographic information systems to more realistically reflect the impact of slope on landslide risk.

[0082] β2, β3, and β4 are the weights of geological type, meteorological conditions, and vegetation coverage, respectively. The contribution of each factor to landslide risk is obtained through analysis of historical data and expert systems.

[0083] x2, x3, x4 geological type indicators, meteorological condition indicators (such as rainfall, wind speed, etc.), vegetation coverage. These data are obtained through field monitoring and satellite remote sensing data and used as input into the model.

[0084] Calculation example:

[0085] The parameter values ​​are set as follows: a=0.5, β0=0.05, β1=0.02, β2=0.015, β3=0.012, β4=0.008, x1=30° (slope), x2=3 (geological type index), x3=4 (meteorological condition index), x4=70 (vegetation coverage).

[0086] Calculate the sine of the slope: sin(x1) = sin(30°) = 0.5

[0087]

[0088]

[0089] In the calculation example, the probability of landslide and ground subsidence occurring is 0.3695. This result can be used to assess the level of risk that needs attention so that appropriate preventive measures can be taken.

[0090] See also Figure 3Based on the target mining area, deep geological structure data is collected through fixed-point sampling. According to the type, thickness and shape of the stratum, the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine is evaluated, and the overall geological stability of the mine is analyzed. The specific steps to obtain the stability analysis results are as follows:

[0091] S201: Based on the target mining area, multiple sampling points are set up, and deep geological structure data are collected at each sampling point, including recording the lithology, thickness and mineral composition of the strata, obtaining stratum parameters through drilling and sample analysis, and obtaining deep geological data records;

[0092] Based on the target mining area, multiple sampling points are deployed. The sampling points are carefully arranged based on the geological prediction model and the actual situation on site to ensure comprehensive coverage of the main geological variation areas. Each sampling point is equipped with professional drilling equipment for stratum detection. Geological radar and sonic logging technology are used to collect sound wave propagation data of rocks and soils. The data helps determine the physical and chemical characteristics of the strata, such as lithology, thickness and mineral composition. Geological samples are obtained by drilling, and then a detailed analysis of the mineral composition is carried out in the laboratory. The mineral content of each sample is determined by a high-precision mass spectrometer and an X-ray diffractometer. All measurement and analysis data are

[0093] S202: Based on the deep geological data records, the mechanical relationship between the stratum thickness and the mining load is analyzed, and the corresponding pressure distribution is analyzed by measuring the contour of the mine shape, and the geological stability of the monitoring point is evaluated to obtain the stability analysis result of the monitoring point;

[0094] Based on deep geological data records, numerical simulation methods are used to analyze the mechanical relationship between stratum thickness and mining load. Computer-aided design software is used to establish mine geological and structural models. Combined with actual mining data and stratum characteristics, finite element analysis software is used to simulate the influence of stratum thickness on mining load during mining. The correlation between stratum thickness changes and mining depth and technology is calculated, and pressure distribution maps are drawn to evaluate the stress state of different strata. The geological response of the monitoring points is tracked in real time through a dynamic monitoring system. These data are systematically analyzed to determine the geological stability of each monitoring point and obtain the stability analysis results of the monitoring points.

[0095] S203: Based on the stability analysis results of the monitoring points, the stability of multiple monitoring points in the entire mining area is compared, the overall stability index of the area is evaluated, and the stability analysis results are obtained. The results are encoded and input into the geological information management system to obtain deep geological data records.

[0096] Based on the stability analysis results of the monitoring points, geological statistical analysis software is used to integrate and compare the monitoring point data in the entire mining area. The geological stability assessment model is used to analyze the stability differences between different monitoring points. Combined with the regional geological characteristics and historical records of geological disasters such as landslides, the geological stability of the entire mining area is evaluated. Through these comprehensive data, the overall stability index of the region is calculated to provide decision support for mine management and obtain stability analysis results.

[0097] See also Figure 4 Based on the stability analysis results, the ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology are used to monitor the surface deformation of the mine in real time, identify ground subsidence and cracks, and evaluate the changing trend of surface deformation by analyzing the surface deformation data over a period of time. The specific steps to obtain the surface deformation prediction results are as follows:

[0098] S301: Based on the stability analysis results, deploy multiple ground sensors covering the mine surface to periodically collect data on the surface settlement and crack width within the monitoring range, convert the collected physical measurement values ​​into digital signals, and record the location and time tags of the monitoring points to obtain surface deformation monitoring data;

[0099] Based on the results of the stability analysis, multi-point sensors are deployed on the surface of the mine. The sensors are mainly distributed at key monitoring points identified in the geological stability analysis to ensure coverage of all key monitoring areas. Each sensor is equipped with surface settlement and crack width monitoring capabilities. Periodic data collection is carried out automatically. Each collected data includes physical measurements such as settlement depth and crack width. The physical measurement values ​​are converted into digital signals in real time through the sensor's built-in data converter. At the same time, each data point will automatically record the precise time and geographic location tags. All monitoring data are transmitted to the central monitoring system via a wireless network. These data in the system are subjected to preliminary time series analysis to obtain surface deformation monitoring data.

[0100] S302: Based on the surface deformation monitoring data, combined with the acquired satellite remote sensing images, the position changes of the surface pixels in the images are registered with the settlement and crack data of the ground sensors, the deformation between the images is compared through geometric transformation, the surface settlement area and crack distribution are marked, and the deformation area recognition result is obtained;

[0101] Based on the surface deformation monitoring data, geological analysis software is used for data integration and analysis. The software can effectively align the data of ground sensors with satellite remote sensing images. Through geometric transformation technology, remote sensing images at different time points are analyzed and compared to identify the deformation characteristics of the surface, such as the specific location and expansion trend of settlement and cracks. Image processing algorithms, such as edge detection and pattern recognition, are used to automatically mark the specific scope of the affected area. The marked surface deformation area data is verified and precision checked to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, and finally a detailed identification result of the deformation area is formed to obtain the deformation area identification result.

[0102] S303: Based on the deformation area identification results, the settlement amplitude, crack expansion rate and spatial change trend of the differentiated areas are analyzed, the monitoring data of the continuous time period are interpolated, the change pattern and trend of the surface deformation are derived, and the surface deformation prediction results are obtained.

[0103] The formula for deriving the changing pattern and trend of surface deformation is:

[0104]

[0105] Where T represents the surface deformation trend index, S d represents the sum of settlement data in the identified area, N represents the total number of monitoring points in the area, R represents the rate of crack expansion, Δx represents the maximum amplitude of spatial variation, and α T , β T , γ T is the weight coefficient.

[0106] formula:

[0107]

[0108] Parameter details and how to obtain them

[0109] α T , β T , γ T are weight coefficients, determined through historical data analysis and expert experience, reflecting the degree of influence of different factors on the trend index. These coefficients adjust the model output to suit the needs of specific scenarios.

[0110] S d Represents the total amount of subsidence in the identified area, which is obtained through cumulative monitoring by ground sensors. This parameter directly reflects the severity of subsidence in the observed area.

[0111] N is the total number of monitoring points, which is obtained from the actual deployment of ground sensor networks and represents the breadth of data collection.

[0112] R represents the crack expansion rate, which is calculated by regularly recording the changes in cracks using geological monitoring equipment. It reflects how fast the cracks expand within a certain period of time.

[0113] Δx represents the maximum amplitude of spatial variation and is usually calculated by comparing remote sensing or ground measurement data at consecutive time points, showing the maximum morphological change of the surface during the observation period.

[0114] Calculation example:

[0115] The following parameter values ​​are set for calculation: α T =0.05, β T =0.02,γ T =0.015, S d =120cm (total settlement), N=40 (number of monitoring points), R=2.5cm / year (crack extension rate), Δx=10cm (spatial variation amplitude).

[0116] Calculate the settlement of the unit monitoring point

[0117] Calculate the square root of the crack growth rate

[0118] Substitute the values ​​into the formula:

[0119] T=0.05·3+0.02·1.58+0.015·10

[0120] =0.15+0.0316+0.15

[0121] The obtained T = 0.3316 represents the surface deformation trend index. This index combines the settlement amplitude, crack expansion rate and spatial variation trend. The value calculated by the model is low, indicating that under the current parameter settings, the risk and development trend of surface deformation are at a low level.

[0122] See also Figure 5 Based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting the mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, and evaluating the risk level of mining activities, the steps to obtain the geological environment risk assessment results are as follows:

[0123] S401: Based on the surface deformation prediction results and combined with the mining plan data of the mine, the target depth, geological structure layer and rock mass parameters of the mining area are extracted, and the mining method, equipment type and operation scale of the target area are recorded to obtain the mining target data set;

[0124] Based on the surface deformation prediction results and combined with the mine's mining plan data, specific information of the target mining area is recorded and extracted, including target depth, geological structure level and key rock mass parameters. The data is obtained through geological surveys and field measurements, and information such as mining methods, equipment types used and operation scale is obtained through mine operation records and engineering plans to ensure data integrity and availability and obtain a mining target data set.

[0125] S402: Based on the mining target data set, extract historical mining data of similar geological structures, analyze the impact of mining activities on geological stress distribution and stratum displacement, analyze the pressure change and stress distribution imbalance coefficient of the current mining area, and obtain geological structure stress analysis results;

[0126] Based on the mining target data set, the geological information management system is used to extract historical mining data with geological structures similar to the current mining area. The data includes historical mining depths, mining methods, and stratum stress response records. Structural analysis software is used to conduct in-depth analysis of these data, and the mechanical relationship between stratum thickness and mine mining load is calculated. The stress analysis model is used to simulate how mining activities affect the geological stress distribution. The model is based on the principles of physical mechanics and takes into account the mechanical properties of the material and geological conditions. Through comparative analysis, the pressure change and stress distribution imbalance coefficient of the current mining area are calculated to obtain the geological structure stress analysis results.

[0127] S403: Based on the results of geological structure stress analysis, evaluate the potential damage areas of mining activities to the mine geological structure, classify the stress distribution and deformation risks of differentiated areas, evaluate the overall risk level of mining activities, and obtain the geological environment risk assessment results.

[0128] Based on the results of geological structure stress analysis, data analysis is performed on each monitoring point, potential damage areas are evaluated based on stress data and geological parameters, and the stress distribution and deformation risks of the area are graded. Multivariate statistical analysis methods are used in combination with geological and engineering data to evaluate the overall impact of mining activities on the geological structure of the mine. The overall risk level of the mining activities is calculated through a risk assessment model. The assessment results help mine managers formulate corresponding prevention and response measures and obtain geological environmental risk assessment results.

[0129] See also Figure 6 Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, the geological risk of each area of ​​the mine is analyzed, the overall safety level of the mine geological environment is evaluated, and the probability of geological disasters during mining is predicted. The specific steps to obtain the geological environment safety assessment results are as follows:

[0130] S501: Based on the surface risk assessment results, the surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and the geological environment risk assessment results, the landslide probability, ground subsidence change and mining risk level of each area of ​​the mine are obtained, and the data of each area are classified and summarized to obtain the mine area geological risk data set;

[0131] Based on the results of surface risk assessment, dynamic prediction and analysis of surface deformation, and geological environmental risk assessment, data are processed centrally, including landslide probability, ground subsidence change, and mining risk level. The data of each mining area are uniformly classified and summarized. The process involves data cleaning, verification, and normalization to ensure the accuracy and comparability of the data. By automatically classifying the risk level of each area, the data are stored in a central database for easy analysis and reference, generating a mining area geological risk dataset.

[0132] S502: Based on the mine regional geological risk data set, the mean value and coefficient of variation of the geological risk level of each region are analyzed, and the high-risk area and the low-risk area are identified by analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of the risk value to obtain the mine geological risk distribution information;

[0133] Based on the geological risk data set of the mining area, a statistical analysis of the geological risk level is conducted, the mean geological risk level of each area is calculated, and the coefficient of variation is calculated to evaluate the uniformity of the risk distribution. The spatial distribution of risk data is analyzed using geographic information systems and statistical software. The areas with concentrated risks are intuitively displayed through graphics and charts. High-risk areas and low-risk areas are clearly marked by color coding to facilitate operators to quickly identify and respond. The analysis results help mine managers to plan resource allocation and preventive measures and obtain mine geological risk distribution information.

[0134] S503: Based on the mine geological risk distribution information, evaluate the overall safety level of the mine's differentiated areas, analyze the mine geological risk mean and disaster probability value, predict the possibility of geological disasters during mining, and obtain the geological environment safety assessment results.

[0135] Based on the mine geological risk distribution information, the mine safety level is assessed. The risk level and the possibility of potential disasters in each differentiated area are assessed using the geological risk mean and the probability values ​​of various disasters. Dynamic simulation and risk prediction technology are used in the assessment process, combined with real-time data and historical data to provide a scientific basis for the safety management of the mine area, assess the overall safety level of the mine area and predict possible geological disasters in the future, and obtain the geological environment safety assessment results.

[0136] See also Figure 7 , a mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation system, the mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation system is used to execute the above-mentioned mine geological environment comprehensive evaluation method, the system includes.

[0137] The surface risk analysis module collects surface geological data of the mine based on the target mining area, including surface geological types and corresponding coverage area information, and also collects vegetation types and vegetation coverage area data. Combined with future weather conditions data and the slope of the mine, it evaluates the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine and obtains surface risk assessment results.

[0138] The deformation analysis module collects deep geological structure data based on the target mining area, evaluates the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine, analyzes the overall geological stability of the mine, monitors the surface deformation of the mine in real time, identifies ground subsidence and cracks, evaluates the changing trend of surface deformation, and obtains the surface deformation prediction results;

[0139] The mining impact analysis module is based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting the mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining geological environment risk assessment results;

[0140] The geological safety assessment module analyzes the geological risks of each area of ​​the mine based on the surface risk assessment results, the dynamic prediction and analysis results of surface deformation, and the geological environment risk assessment results. It evaluates the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment, predicts the probability of geological disasters during mining, and obtains geological environment safety assessment results.

[0141] It should be understood that the term "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. Please refer to the context for specific understanding.

[0142] In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can be represented by: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0143] It should be understood that in various embodiments of the present invention, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0144] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

[0145] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described equipment, devices and units can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0146] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices, apparatuses and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0147] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0148] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0149] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention can be essentially or partly embodied in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0150] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A comprehensive evaluation method for mine geological environment, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on the target mining area, collect the mine surface geological data, vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data, combine future weather conditions data and the slope of the mine, evaluate the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine, and obtain the surface risk assessment results; Based on the target mining area, deep geological structure data is collected to evaluate the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine, and the overall geological stability of the mine is analyzed to obtain stability analysis results; Based on the stability analysis results, the mine surface deformation is monitored in real time through ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology, ground subsidence and cracks are identified, the changing trend of surface deformation is evaluated, and the surface deformation prediction results are obtained; Based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining geological environmental risk assessment results; Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, the geological risks of each area of ​​the mine are analyzed, the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment is evaluated, and the geological environment safety assessment results are obtained.

2. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface risk assessment results include regional landslide probability, ground subsidence probability and potential impact area; the stability analysis results include monitoring point stability indicators, overall stability rating and key risk areas; the surface deformation prediction results include surface deformation rate, deformation trend prediction and high-risk deformation areas; the geological environment risk assessment results include mining impact rating, potential environmental risk areas and risk level classification; the geological environment safety assessment results include overall risk score and a list of key monitoring areas.

3. The comprehensive evaluation method for mine geological environment according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Based on the target mining area, the mine surface geological data is collected, and the vegetation type and vegetation coverage area data are collected at the same time. Combined with the future weather condition data and the slope of the mine, the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine is evaluated. The specific steps to obtain the surface risk assessment results are as follows: Based on the target mining area, geological survey is carried out to mark the surface geological types in the area, record the distribution range of each geological type according to actual observations, measure the coverage area corresponding to each geological type, and obtain the surface geological type record; Based on the surface geological type records, the vegetation coverage in the area is classified and counted, the coverage range corresponding to the vegetation type is measured, and the future weather conditions, including rainfall, wind speed and temperature, are obtained by combining the meteorological station data, and the data is integrated to obtain the vegetation and meteorological data set; Based on the vegetation and meteorological data sets, the surface slope of the mine is analyzed, and the interactive influence of geological type and slope in differentiated areas is analyzed. Combined with meteorological parameters, the probability of landslide and ground subsidence is predicted to obtain surface risk assessment results.

4. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula for predicting the occurrence probability of landslide and ground subsidence is: Among them, a represents the scaling factor, β0 represents the intercept of the model, β1 represents the weight of the surface slope, x1 represents the degree of the slope value, β2 represents the weight of the geological type, x2 represents the geological type index, β3 represents the weight of the meteorological conditions, x3 represents the meteorological condition index, β4 represents the weight of the vegetation coverage, x4 represents the vegetation coverage rate, e is the base of the natural logarithm, and P is the probability of occurrence.

5. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the target mining area, deep geological structure data is collected, the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine is evaluated, and the overall geological stability of the mine is analyzed. The specific steps to obtain the stability analysis results are as follows: Based on the target mining area, multiple sampling points are set up, and deep geological structure data are collected at each sampling point, including recording the lithology, thickness and mineral composition of the strata. The formation parameters are obtained through drilling and sample analysis to obtain deep geological data records; Based on the deep geological data records, the mechanical relationship between the stratum thickness and the mining load is analyzed, and by measuring the contour of the mine shape, the corresponding pressure distribution is analyzed, the geological stability of the monitoring point is evaluated, and the stability analysis result of the monitoring point is obtained; Based on the stability analysis results of the monitoring points, the stability of multiple monitoring points in the entire mining area is compared, the overall stability index of the area is evaluated, and the stability analysis results are obtained.

6. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the stability analysis results, the ground sensors and satellite remote sensing technology are used to monitor the mine surface deformation in real time, identify ground subsidence and cracks, and evaluate the changing trend of surface deformation. The specific steps for obtaining the surface deformation prediction results are as follows: Based on the stability analysis results, multiple ground sensors covering the mine surface are deployed to periodically collect data on the surface settlement and crack width within the monitoring range, convert the collected physical measurement values ​​into digital signals, and record the location and time tags of the monitoring points to obtain surface deformation monitoring data; Based on the surface deformation monitoring data, combined with the acquired satellite remote sensing images, the position changes of the surface pixels in the images are registered with the settlement and crack data of the ground sensors, the deformation between the images is compared through geometric transformation, the surface settlement areas and crack distribution are marked, and the deformation area recognition results are obtained; Based on the deformation area identification results, the settlement amplitude, crack propagation rate and spatial change trend of the differentiated areas are analyzed, the monitoring data of continuous time periods are interpolated, the change pattern and trend of surface deformation are derived, and the surface deformation prediction results are obtained.

7. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The formula for deriving the change pattern and trend of surface deformation is: Where T represents the surface deformation trend index, S d represents the sum of settlement data in the identified area, N represents the total number of monitoring points in the area, R represents the rate of crack expansion, Δx represents the maximum amplitude of spatial variation, and α T , β T , γ T is the weight coefficient.

8. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, and evaluating the risk level of mining activities, the steps to obtain the geological environment risk assessment results are as follows: Based on the surface deformation prediction results, combined with the mining plan data of the mine, the target depth, geological structure level and rock mass parameters of the mining area are extracted, and the mining method, equipment type and operation scale of the target area are recorded to obtain the mining target data set; Based on the mining target data set, historical mining data of similar geological structures are extracted to analyze the impact of mining activities on geological stress distribution and stratum displacement, and the pressure change and stress distribution imbalance coefficient of the current mining area are analyzed to obtain geological structure stress analysis results; Based on the geological structure stress analysis results, the potential damage areas of mining activities to the mine geological structure are evaluated, the stress distribution and deformation risks of differentiated areas are graded, the overall risk level of mining activities is evaluated, and the geological environment risk assessment results are obtained.

9. The method for comprehensive evaluation of mine geological environment according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the surface risk assessment results, the surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and the geological environment risk assessment results, the geological risk of each area of ​​the mine is analyzed, and the overall safety level of the mine geological environment is evaluated. The steps for obtaining the geological environment safety assessment results are as follows: Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, the landslide probability, ground subsidence change and mining risk level of each area of ​​the mine are taken, and the data of each area are classified and summarized to obtain the mine area geological risk data set; Based on the geological risk data set of the mining area, the mean value and coefficient of variation of the geological risk level of each area are analyzed, and by analyzing the spatial distribution characteristics of the risk value, high-risk areas and low-risk areas are identified to obtain the distribution information of the mining geological risk; Based on the mine geological risk distribution information, the overall safety level of the mine's differentiated areas is evaluated, the mine geological risk mean and disaster probability value are analyzed, the possibility of geological disasters during mining is predicted, and the geological environment safety assessment results are obtained.

10. A comprehensive evaluation system for mine geological environment, characterized in that: According to any one of claims 1 to 9, the comprehensive evaluation method for mining geological environment comprises: The surface risk analysis module collects surface geological data of the mine based on the target mine area, and also collects data on vegetation type and vegetation coverage area. It combines future weather condition data and the slope of the mine to assess the probability of landslides and ground subsidence in multiple areas of the mine and obtain surface risk assessment results. The deformation analysis module collects deep geological structure data based on the target mining area, evaluates the geological stability of multiple monitoring points in the mine, analyzes the overall geological stability of the mine, monitors the surface deformation of the mine in real time, identifies ground subsidence and cracks, evaluates the changing trend of surface deformation, and obtains the surface deformation prediction results; The mining impact analysis module is based on the surface deformation prediction results, according to the target mining form and mining stratum depth of the mine, by extracting mining data of similar geological structures, analyzing the impact of mining on geological structures, evaluating the risk level of mining activities, and obtaining geological environment risk assessment results; Based on the surface risk assessment results, surface deformation dynamic prediction analysis results and geological environment risk assessment results, the geological safety assessment module analyzes the geological risks in each area of ​​the mine, evaluates the overall safety level of the mine's geological environment, predicts the probability of geological disasters during mining, and obtains geological environment safety assessment results.

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