Flexible data line with improved EMC electromagnetic compatibility and method for manufacturing the same

Abstract

The application discloses a flexible data line for improving EMC electromagnetic compatibility and a preparation method thereof. The data line comprises a flexible coated material in the core, a flexible soft magnetic coating layer in the middle and a flexible outer sheath layer from inside to outside. The flexible soft magnetic coating layer is a composite material layer in which partial or all soft magnetic magnetic powders in a flaky shape are uniformly distributed in a base component containing an auxiliary agent. Partial or all easy magnetization axes in the flexible soft magnetic coating layer are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line. The orientation is established by combining and superimposing the axial circumferential surface, macroscopic morphology and easy magnetization axis, so that the coverage and density of the axial circumferential surface of the data line are increased, the contribution of the magnetic permeability is strengthened, the shielding effectiveness of the data line is improved under an electromagnetic environment of 200 KHz-20 GHZ, the data line after extrusion forming satisfies the mechanical strength of the whole flexibility and is free of cracking, and mass production and efficient production are possible.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to a flexible soft magnetic wire, in particular to a flexible data line with improved EMC electromagnetic compatibility and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The electric field shielding of the prior art data line can be realized by a metal braided layer, a metal foil layer and a single grounding mode, and the reduction of electromagnetic field interference can be realized by a twisted pair mode, a soft magnetic ferrite ring, soft magnetic coating, and a film piece wound after being coated with soft magnetic material, and various modes have their own advantages in mechanical strength, service life, flexibility, production efficiency and electromagnetic compatibility effect under different frequencies of the data line.

[0003] It is very difficult to improve the shielding effect of non-static electromagnetic fields and high-frequency electromagnetic fields. Theoretical research shows that the high-frequency magnetism of the soft magnetic micropowder used in the currently mass-produced and widely used soft magnetic composite material complies with the Snoek limit, which is represented by the following formula 1:

[0004] (Formula 1)

[0005] Wherein, μi is the initial magnetic permeability, fr is the natural resonance frequency (or the cutoff frequency), γ' is the gyromagnetic ratio, and Ms is the saturation magnetic induction intensity. Due to the limitation of the Snoek limit, the working frequency of the current soft magnetic composite material can only be below 100KHz-200KHz. With the increase of the electromagnetic frequency, the magnetic permeability reversely decreases, which hinders the application of the soft magnetic composite material in the high-frequency microwave field. However, the radio spectrum to the microwave spectrum covers 3KHz~300GHz, and the EMC electromagnetic compatibility of the electrical equipment in the electromagnetic field environment becomes more difficult with the increase of the magnetic field frequency, which poses a higher challenge to the satisfaction of the EMC electromagnetic compatibility of the data line: how to obtain the ideal magnetic permeability and the shielding efficiency of the electromagnetic field of the data line under the 200KHz~20GHZ electromagnetic environment.

[0006] The same sheet-shaped soft magnetic powder can be sintered to have a high powder content, a high density and a high magnetic permeability, but the rigidity of the sintered magnet will restrict the flexibility of the wire. If the calendering process is used, the mechanical way of rolling helps the sheet-shaped powder to be arranged in an orderly manner, the powder filling amount is increased, and the magnetic performance of the composite material magnet is relatively improved, but the calendering process cannot be directly used for wire forming. For the data line formed by extrusion, the higher the powder filling amount, the more prone to cracking of the wire, and the improvement of the powder filling amount and the density is limited. While meeting the balance between the mechanical strength and the flexibility of the data line, the improvement of the magnetic performance of the wire is restricted.

[0007] Publication (announcement) number: CN118440435A, polypropylene semiconductive shielding material and its preparation method and application, discloses a polypropylene semiconductive shielding material, characterized in that the raw materials include the following components in weight fraction: polypropylene base 65-75 parts, conductive carbon black 20-30 parts and functional additives 3-8 parts; the elastomer base includes ternary ethylene-propylene rubber; the weight fraction ratio of the polypropylene base to the elastomer is 1:(0.5-1); the functional additives include antioxidants, lubricants and dispersants. By adjusting the uniform distribution of conductive carbon black in the polypropylene phase, not only the percolation threshold of carbon black is reduced, but also the shielding material obtains balanced mechanical properties and surface finish, which can improve the tensile strength, elongation at break and electrical conductivity of the polypropylene semiconductive shielding material, and effectively optimize the polypropylene semiconductive shielding. However, it does not involve any improvement of EMC compatibility of electrical equipment in dynamic electromagnetic interference, especially in high-frequency electromagnetic environment;

[0008] Publication number: CN113674921A, a preparation method of a magnetic automatic curling free-stretching data line, from the physical shape to ensure the part and the way of the wire magnetic attraction, the data line can be maintained in the curled magnetic attraction normal state, realizes the smooth stretching action, embodies the wire magnetic attraction absorbs a new trend, this technical scheme uses the surface magnetism and magnetic attraction force of permanent magnet material, and is irrelevant to the realization of EMC electromagnetic compatibility of data line in high-frequency electromagnetic environment. SUMMARY

[0009] The technical solution helps to solve at least one of the following pain points: in a high-frequency electromagnetic environment, the permeability follows the Snoek limit, the frequency increases, the permeability reversely decreases, and the electromagnetic shielding effect is challenged; the extrusion molding of flaky magnetic powder, the wire is easy to crack, under the premise of meeting the mechanical strength such as data line flexibility, the powder content cannot be improved, and the improvement of soft magnetic performance is limited.

[0010] According to some embodiments, a flexible data line for improving EMC electromagnetic compatibility comprises a flexible coated material in the core, a flexible soft magnetic coating layer in the middle and a flexible outer sheath layer outside, which are connected tightly from inside to outside, the flexible soft magnetic coating layer is a composite material layer in which part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder is uniformly distributed in the base component containing additives, and part or all of the easy magnetization axes of the single crystals in the soft magnetic powder are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line;

[0011] In some embodiments, the easy magnetization axes of at least part of the single crystals in the part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line, and the volume of the hard magnetization axes is partially reduced;

[0012] In some embodiments, the effective area of the part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder along the axial circumferential surface is greater than the effective area of the circumferential radial surface.

[0013] In some embodiments, the effective area refers to a projection area.

[0014] In some embodiments, the orientation degree of the partial or entire magnetization axis of the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer along the axial circumferential surface of the data line is greater than the circumferential radial surface orientation degree.

[0015] In some embodiments, the flaky soft magnetic powder has a thickness-diameter ratio greater than 1, preferably 25-200, and further preferably 50-100.

[0016] In some embodiments, the flaky soft magnetic powder has a median particle size D50 of 2-840 μm, preferably 20-160 μm, and further preferably 47-84 μm.

[0017] In some embodiments, the flaky soft magnetic powder has a specific surface area of 10-1590 m2 / kg, preferably 40-300 m2 / kg, and further preferably 86-159 m2 / kg.

[0018] In some embodiments, the data line has a shielding effectiveness equal to or greater than 20 dB at a frequency of 6.10-17.24 GHz.

[0019] In some embodiments, the flexible outer cladding layer of the data line is at least one of an electrically insulating plastic layer, a braided layer, and a leather-like decorative layer.

[0020] In some embodiments, the data line has a diameter of 2.0-11.684 mm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the data line has a diameter of 2.0-5.0 mm, and the soft magnetic cladding layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.7 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the flaky soft magnetic powder is one or more of Fe, carbonyl iron, Mn-Zn ferrite, Ni-Zn ferrite, an alloy of Fe and at least one of Co and Ni, FeSiAl, FeNiMo, R2(Fe, Ni, Si, Al)17N3 (wherein R is Y, Ce, Nd, or Pr), Sm2(Fe, Ni, Co)14B, R2(Co, Fe, Ni)17 (wherein R is Y or Nd).

[0023] In some embodiments, the base component is an insulating polymer.

[0024] In some embodiments, the insulating polymer includes at least one of a thermoplastic resin, a thermosetting resin, and a synthetic rubber.

[0025] In some embodiments, the data line comprises one of a cross-sectional shape of a circle, a flat shape, an elliptical shape, or any irregular shape;

[0026] In some embodiments, the data line connector is one of a USB type-c data connector, a lightning data connector, or an audio data connector.

[0027] According to some embodiments, the preparation method of the flexible data line for improving EMC electromagnetic compatibility comprises the following steps: step one, preparation of flaky soft magnetic powder; step two, granulation: flaky soft magnetic powder, binder, and processing aid are proportioned, mixed, and rubberized; or the flaky soft magnetic powder is modified by a coupling agent, then mixed with the binder and the processing aid, and rubberized to form a soft magnetic coating layer granule; step three, extrusion molding and flaky orientation: the granule prepared in the above step is mixed and plasticized, and then extruded through an extruder with the same die as the coated object, to form a flexible data line semi-finished product with the coated object in the core and the soft magnetic coating layer on the outside; while flowing and extruding, the flaky soft magnetic powder dispersed in the viscous adhesive is subjected to the combined force of the shearing force on the inner wall of the barrel and the outer wall of the coated object, the viscous force of the binder, and the driving pressure of the screw rotation, so that the flaky soft magnetic powder adjusts the stress surface, and part or all of the flaky physical surface is arranged along the axial peripheral surface to form an orientation along the axial peripheral surface of the data line; step four, flexible outer sheath: after cooling and solidification, a flexible electrically insulating outer sheath layer is woven, or the flexible outer sheath layer is an electrically insulating plastic layer, which is co-extruded with step three in sequence or synchronously;

[0028] In some embodiments, the preparation method of the flaky soft magnetic powder comprises the following process flow: smelting, ingot casting, crushing, ball milling, screening, annealing, batching, raw powder, flaking, drying, heat treatment, air separation, batching, and finished product.

[0029] In some embodiments, the flexible data line is oriented and magnetized in a long straight spiral tube, the magnetic field direction in the spiral tube is parallel to the axial direction of the data line, and part or all of the soft magnetic powder is oriented along the axial peripheral surface of the data line.

[0030] In some embodiments, the temperature during the magnetization and orientation process is maintained at the polymer viscous flow temperature.

[0031] In some embodiments, the magnetization and orientation process is maintained until the polymer is cooled and solidified.

[0032] In some embodiments, the magnetic field in the long straight spiral tube is at least 1.5 times the intrinsic coercive force Hcj of the soft magnetic powder, preferably 3-5 times.

[0033] In some embodiments, the magnetic field in the long straight spiral tube is a constant current field, or a pulse magnetic field performed multiple times. Advantages

[0034] 1. The axial circumferential surface orientation of the soft magnetic magnetic powder sheet-shaped physical surface during extrusion molding, the axial circumferential surface orientation of the data line after being magnetized in the long straight spiral tube, the orientation is based on the combination and superposition of the axial + circumferential surface, the macroscopic morphology + the easy magnetization axis, the coverage rate and the density of the axial circumferential surface of the data line are increased, the contribution of the magnetic permeability is strengthened, and the shielding effectiveness of the data line is improved under the electromagnetic environment of 200KHz~20GHZ;

[0035] 2. The temperature during the magnetization orientation process is maintained in the polymer viscous flow state, the soft magnetic composite material layer is in the viscous flow state, the coercive force and the viscous force are reduced, in the constant or multiple pulse magnetic field in the parallel axial direction of the long straight spiral tube, more easy magnetization axes in the soft magnetic magnetic powder are maximized in the axial circumferential surface orientation of the data line, the axial circumferential surface magnetic permeability of the whole data line is improved, the mechanical orientation and the easy magnetization axis orientation direction of the shape after cooling are consistent and can be maintained, the utilization of the axial circumferential surface magnetic permeability is superimposed, and the implementation of mass production and high efficiency production is possible;

[0036] 3. The morphology and easy magnetization orientation of the sheet-shaped powder are both axial circumferential surface, so that the magnetic powder content according to the proportion of the technical solution can be maximized, the data line after extrusion molding satisfies the mechanical strength of the whole flexibility, there is no cracking, and the EMC electromagnetic compatibility can be improved, the technical solution structure and preparation method are also suitable for other specifications of usb data line, charging line, audio line, video line, HDMI high-definition data line, coaxial cable and the like with a diameter of 5-11.684mm. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 : Long straight spiral tube data line magnetic field orientation structure schematic diagram;

[0038] Among them, 10 is a flexible data line, 20 is a long straight spiral tube for magnetization, and 30 is a magnetic force line distribution.

[0039] Figure 2 : Flexible data line structure schematic diagram;

[0040] Among them, 11 is a flexible coated layer, 12 is a flexible soft magnetic coated layer, and 13 is an outer sheath layer; 10a is an axial direction, 10b is a circumferential direction, 10c is a radial surface, and 10d is a circumferential surface.

[0041] Figure 3-1 : Sheet-shaped iron silicon aluminum 3H powder electron microscope graph for the soft magnetic layer of the flexible data line in example 1;

[0042] Figure 3-2 : Sheet-shaped iron silicon aluminum 1H powder electron microscope graph for the soft magnetic layer of the flexible data line in example 2;

[0043] Figure 3-3 : Sheet-shaped iron silicon aluminum 2H powder electron microscope graph for the soft magnetic layer of the flexible data line in example 3;

[0044] Figure 3-4 : TEM image of non-flaky Fe-Si-Al powder used for the soft magnetic layer of flexible data line of Comparative Example 1;

[0045] Figure 4-1 : Test results of the relationship between permeability and frequency of the 3H powder ring sample with a powder content of 83.3% used in Example 1;

[0046] Figure 4-2 : Test results of the relationship between permeability and frequency of the 1H powder ring sample with a powder content of 83.3% used in Example 2;

[0047] Figure 4-3 : Test results of the relationship between permeability and frequency of the 2H powder ring sample with a powder content of 83.3% used in Example 3;

[0048] Figure 5-1 : Test results of the shielding effectiveness of 9 samples with a powder content of 83.3% and a width of 1-9 cm of the soft magnetic material composite layer of Example 1;

[0049] Figure 5-2 : Test results of the shielding effectiveness of 9 samples with a powder content of 83.3% and a width of 1-9 cm of the soft magnetic material composite layer of Example 2;

[0050] Figure 5-3 : Test results of the shielding effectiveness of 9 samples with a powder content of 83.3% and a width of 1-9 cm of the soft magnetic material composite layer of Example 3;

[0051] Figure 5-4 : Test results of the shielding effectiveness of 4 samples with a powder content of 83.3% and a width of 1-4 cm of the soft magnetic material composite layer of Comparative Example 1;

[0052] Figure 6-1 : Schematic top view of the structure of the shielding effectiveness test sample and the clamp;

[0053] Figure 6-2 : Schematic view of the structure of the shielding effectiveness test;

[0054] Wherein, 40 test clamp and sample, 41 microstrip line, 42a signal input port, 42b signal output port, 43 sample to be tested, 50 signal line, 60 vector network analyzer.

[0055] The following further describes the specific embodiments of the technical solution in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments. First, the related technical points involved in the specification are explained as follows:

[0056] The temperature of the magnetic orientation process is adjusted according to the softening point of the adhesive actually used, and the heating time is controlled by peripheral heating equipment, so that the matrix component is in a viscous flow state;

[0057] The magnetic field size is sufficient to saturate the orientation, and the orientation and cooling solidification are synchronized as much as possible;

[0058] The magnetic field direction in the spiral tube is parallel to the axial direction of the data line, allowing engineering errors to occur;

[0059] The easy magnetization axis refers to at least one easy magnetization axis in each magnetic powder, and during the molding and magnetic field orientation process, as many easy magnetization axes as possible in each magnetic powder are oriented and retained as needed;

[0060] The thickness of the data line soft magnetic layer is not an exact value, and thickness unevenness during the molding process is allowed;

[0061] Refer to Figure 1 :

[0062] Long straight spiral tube 20 orientation magnetization:

[0063] The spiral tube is a three-dimensional coil, which is a single or multiple winding wire, and the winding inside is hollow. When an electric current I(A) passes through the hollow spiral tube 20 with a total length of l(m) and a number of turns of N, the inside will generate a magnetic field with magnetic field distribution 30. The magnetic field size can be adjusted, μ0 is the vacuum permeability, n is the number of turns per unit length, and the magnetic induction intensity of the finite length straight spiral tube is:

[0064] Or (Formula 2)

[0065] Refer to Figure 2 :

[0066] Axial direction 10a: the length direction of the data line center axis, which is also the major axis direction;

[0067] Circumferential direction 10b: the tangent or arc direction of any point on the inner circumference of the radial plane with different radii with the major axis as the center;

[0068] Radial plane 10c: that is, the radial plane, the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the data line, with the major axis as the center;

[0069] Circumferential surface 10d: the collection of the axial side surfaces of the cylindrical body with different radii with the major axis of the data line as the center;

[0070] Flexible coated object 11: including flexible single function or flame-retardant, insulating and other multi-functional single wire or twisted wire, such as at least one power line, ground line, signal line, etc.;

[0071] Soft magnetic: low coercivity high permeability material;

[0072] EMC is "electromagnetic compatibility", refers to the ability of the data line generated by the electromagnetic energy neither to other devices, nor by other devices electromagnetic energy interference;

[0073] Reference Figure 5-1 , 5-2 , 5-3, 5-4:

[0074] Shielding effectiveness: in the absence of shielding body, the field strength of the radiation interference source transmitted to a point (P) in space is E1 (H1); and after the addition of the shielding body, the field strength of the radiation interference source transmitted to the same point (P) in space is E2 (H2). The shielding effectiveness is the ratio of the field strengths of the two, expressed in dB (decibel)

[0075] (dB) (formula 3)

[0076] The detection method used in the present application is the two-port microstrip line method. The extruded samples of 83.3% content, named 1H powder, 2H powder, 3H powder and non-flaky powder, respectively, are placed on the fixture microstrip line at different widths of 1-9 cm, and the same ratio test is carried out at a frequency of 0.1-20 GHz. The shielding effectiveness and frequency relationship diagram under the same ratio condition are obtained by the vector network analyzer N5247A.

[0077] Reference Figure 6-1 and 6-2 :

[0078] The two-port microstrip line test fixture has a characteristic impedance of 50Q, a distance of 7cm between the two ports, and a measured sample width range of 1-9cm. The vector network analyzer calibrated by OSI T is used to measure and verify the excellent performance of the fixture. Further information can be referred to the article "Study on Shielding Effectiveness of Carbonyl Iron Composite Materials by Two-Port Microstrip Line Method". DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0079] Reference Figure 2 A flexible data line 10 for improving EMC electromagnetic compatibility, comprising a flexible coated material 11 at the core, a flexible soft magnetic coating layer 12 in the middle and a flexible outer sheath layer 13 from the inside out, which is tightly connected. The flexible soft magnetic coating layer of the data line is a composite material layer in which part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder is uniformly distributed in the base component containing the auxiliary agent, with a density of 2.53-2.95g / cm3.

[0080] In specific embodiments 1, 2, and 3, the flaky soft magnetic powder uniformly distributed in the flexible data line composite material layer contains an additive base component, which is FeSiAl powder with a mass percentage of 9.4% silicon, 5.6% aluminum, and the balance of iron; the flaky soft magnetic powder has a diameter-thickness ratio of 50-100, and is respectively named 3H powder, 1H powder, and 2H powder. The particle size distribution is recorded in Table 1, and the powder scanning electron microscope is respectively shown in Figure 3-1 、 Figure 3-2 、 Figure 3-3 ;

[0081] The preparation method of the flaky soft magnetic FeSiAl powder includes smelting, ingot casting, crushing, ball milling, screening, annealing, batching, raw powder, flaking, drying, heat treatment, air separation, batching, and finished product.

[0082]

[0083] In specific embodiments 1, 2, and 3, each has three different formula examples, and part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder FeSiAl, the adhesive, and the additive uniformly distributed in the composite material layer of the flexible data line soft magnetic coating layer have a percentage content recorded in Table 2. The hardness and density of the flexible soft magnetic coating layer in the middle of the extrusion-molded data line corresponding to the data line are also recorded in Table 2.

[0084] Further, the line diameter size of the extrusion-molded flexible data line corresponding to each formula example also has three examples, so each embodiment has nine samples, a total of 27 samples, the sample number and the corresponding weight are recorded in Table 2. The line diameter size in Table 2 includes the 5-core 60W flexible coated object, the middle flexible soft magnetic coating layer, and the weight of 1m in length.

[0085]

[0086] The flexible outer coating layer of the 27 sample data lines in Table 2 is at least one of an electrically insulating plastic layer, a braided layer, and a leather decorative layer. The data line diameter surface shape is circular, and the total bus diameter is the line diameter plus the flexible outer coating layer diameter, wherein one of the total bus diameters is 5mm.

[0087] The flexible data line composite material layer adhesive of the 27 sample flexible data lines in Table 2 is TPE, and the processing aid is at least one of a lubricant, an antioxidant, a coupling agent, a flame retardant, and a dispersant. The line diameter size recorded in Table 2 includes the 5-core 60W flexible coated object, so the true thickness of the flexible soft magnetic coating layer is different, ranging from 0.2-0.7mm.

[0088] According to the related functions of the core flexible coated object, the data line connector of the 27 sample data lines in Table 2 is one of a USB type-c data connector, a lightning data connector, and an audio data connector.

[0089] The preparation method of the flexible data line with improved EMC electromagnetic compatibility in the 27 sample examples of embodiments 1, 2, and 3 includes: step one: preparation of flaky soft magnetic powder FeSiAl, taking silicon 9.4, aluminum 5.6, and the rest iron by weight percentage, melting, ingot casting, crushing, ball milling, screening, annealing, batching, original powder, flaking, drying, heat treatment, risk, batching, 1H, 2H, 3H flaky soft magnetic powder recorded in Table 1; Step two: according to the formula proportion of Table 2 and the above ingredients, mix and mill the rubber to make soft magnetic coating layer granules A; Step three: extrusion molding and morphology orientation: mix and plasticize the above prepared granules, and the 5-core 60W coated object passes through the same die of the extruder, the extruded coated object has the core and the soft magnetic coating layer outside, the extrusion process temperature is maintained at 180-220℃, while flowing and extruding, the flaky soft magnetic powder dispersed in the viscous adhesive is subjected to the combined action of the backward shear force on the inner wall of the barrel and the outer wall of the coated object, the adhesive viscosity force in all directions, and the forward pressure driven by the screw rotation, part or all of the flaky soft magnetic powder adjusts the stress surface of the flaky soft magnetic powder, and the flaky physical surface is arranged along the axial circumferential surface to form an orientation along the axial circumferential surface of the data line; Step four: add an outer sheath: after cooling and solidification, weave a flexible outer sheath layer, or the flexible outer sheath layer is a plastic layer, which is co-extruded synchronously with step three;

[0090] Reference Figure 1 In the 27 sample examples, the extruded 5-core 60W coated object has the core and the soft magnetic coating layer outside, and the flexible data line semi-finished product 10 or the data line finished product 10 after adding an outer sheath is oriented and magnetized in a long straight spiral pipe 20, the magnetic field direction in the spiral pipe is parallel to the axial direction of the data line, the magnetization process temperature is maintained at 120-180℃, the magnetic field size is 3000-5000Oe, and part or all of the easy magnetization axes are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line;

[0091] In the 27 sample examples, the flexible soft magnetic coating layer in the middle is a composite material layer in which part or all of the flaky FeSiAl soft magnetic powder is uniformly distributed in the base component containing additives, and part or all of the easy magnetization axes in the flexible soft magnetic coating layer are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line; part or all of the flaky physical surface of the part or all flaky soft magnetic powder is oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line, and the effective area of the part or all flaky soft magnetic powder along the axial circumferential surface is greater than the effective area along the circumferential radial surface; the orientation degree of part or all of the easy magnetization axes in the flexible soft magnetic coating layer along the axial circumferential surface of the data line is greater than the orientation degree along the circumferential radial surface; the flexible soft magnetic composite material layer in the middle of the 27 example data lines does not crack;

[0092] Comparative example 1:

[0093] The difference from Example 1 is that the flexible soft magnetic coating layer of the data line is a composite material layer in which 3H is uniformly distributed in the base component containing the auxiliary agent, and the powder content is 87.3%, and the adhesive is 11.8%;

[0094] Comparative Example 2:

[0095] The difference from Example 1 is that the flexible soft magnetic coating layer of the data line is a composite material layer in which 3H is uniformly distributed in the base component containing the auxiliary agent, and the powder content is 87.3%, and the adhesive is 11.8%;

[0096] The flexible soft magnetic composite material layer in the formed data line cracks, and the data line cannot be subsequently magnetized and oriented or coated with a flexible outer sheath layer;

[0097]

[0098] A, detection of the relationship between magnetic permeability and frequency: three examples corresponding to 1H powder, 2H powder and 3H powder were selected for detection of magnetic permeability with a powder content of 83%. The samples were ring-shaped, with a thickness of 0.3 mm, a size of Φ8.0xΦ3.04x0.3 mm, and other aspects of the samples were the same as the flexible soft magnetic layer peeled off from the data line. The measurement results are shown in Figure 4-1 、 4-2 , 4-3;

[0099] Complex permeability record and analysis:

[0100] With the increase of frequency from 1-10MHz, the real part μ' of the magnetic permeability of Examples 1, 2 and 3 is maintained at a high level of 120-250, and the imaginary part μ” gradually increases. The real part μ' does not decrease unilaterally with the increase of frequency, but first increases and then decreases. When the frequency exceeds 100MHz, the imaginary part and the real part of Examples 1 and 2 can still be maintained above 50. The flexible soft magnetic composite material layer of the data line of the present technical solution breaks through the limitation that the working frequency of the existing technology can only be in the range of 100KHz-200KHz, and the three samples can still play the role of the real part and the imaginary part within 1000MHz, and can meet the requirement of the magnetic permeability size in the dynamic electromagnetic environment for EMC electromagnetic compatibility;

[0101] B, the measurement of data line shielding effectiveness: the soft magnetic composite material layer of the data line of 27 samples in Table 2 is stripped out to become a flexible film. Because the film thickness is uneven, it cannot be directly detected. The same extruded flexible composite material is used for comparison measurement. The sample thickness is 0.4 mm, the length is 7 cm, the powder content is 83.3%, and the width is 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, 5 cm, 6 cm, 7 cm, 8 cm, and 9 cm. 9 samples of each of Examples 1, 2, and 3 are placed on the fixture shown in Figure 6-1 . The same comparison measurement is performed by the two-port microstrip line method at a frequency of 0.1-20 GHz. The vector network analyzer N5247A is used to take 404 data for each detection sample, and the shielding effectiveness results of the 9 samples of each of the three examples are obtained, as shown in Figure 5-1 , 5-2, 5-3. The sample width of Comparative Example 1 is 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, and 4 cm. The shielding effectiveness detection results are shown in Figure 5-4 .

[0102] Shielding effectiveness record and analysis:

[0103] The shielding effectiveness of the 9 samples of Example 1 can reach or exceed 20 dB from 6.1 G to 17.24 GHz. The best effect occurs in samples 1, 6, 5, and 7. The average value of 404 results measured from 0.1 G to 18 GHz is 16.53 dB.

[0104] The shielding effectiveness of the 9 samples of Example 2 can reach or exceed 20 dB from 6.81 G to 16.43 GHz. The best effect occurs in samples 1, 4, 5, and 3. The average value of 404 results measured from 0.1 G to 18 GHz is 16.27 dB.

[0105] The shielding effectiveness of the 9 samples of Example 3 can reach or exceed 20 dB from 7.13 G to 17.15 GHz. The best effect occurs in samples 4, 2, 6, and 8. The average value from 0.1 G to 18 GHz is 15.19 dB.

[0106] The average value of the 4 samples of Comparative Example 1 from 0.1 G to 18 GHz is 3.41, and the maximum value does not exceed 6.

[0107] It can be seen that the shielding effectiveness of the data line of the technical solution breaks through the limitation that the working frequency of the current soft magnetic composite material can only be below 100 KHz-200 KHz, and is much higher than the detection results of the 4 samples of Comparative Example 1. The EMC electromagnetic compatibility of the data line is improved.

Claims

1. A flexible data line with improved EMC electromagnetic compatibility, characterized by a tightly connected flexible data line with a core flexible cladding, a flexible soft magnetic cladding layer in the middle, and a flexible outer sheath layer on the outside, the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer being a composite layer with part or all of the soft magnetic flaky powder uniformly distributed in the base component containing additives, and part or all of the easy magnetization axes in the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer are oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line; the effective area of the part or all of the soft magnetic flaky powder along the axial circumferential surface is greater than the effective area along the circumferential radial surface; the orientation degree of part or all of the easy magnetization axes in the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer along the axial circumferential surface of the data line is greater than the orientation degree along the circumferential radial surface.

2. A flexible data cable for improving EMC electromagnetic compatibility according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aspect ratio of the soft magnetic flaky powder is 25-200, and the median particle size D50 is 20-160 μm.

3. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) by, The flexible outer sheath layer of the data line is at least one of an electrically insulating plastic layer, a braided layer, and a leather decorative layer.

4. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) by, The data line has a diameter of 2.0-5.0 mm, wherein the soft magnetic cladding layer has a thickness of 0.2-0.7 mm and a density of 2.4-3.0 g / cm 3 .

5. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) by, The soft magnet is one or more of the following: Fe, carbonyl iron, Mn-Zn ferrite, Ni-Zn ferrite, an alloy of Fe with at least one of Co and Ni, FeSiAl, and FeNiMo, R2(Fe,Ni,Si,Al) 17 N3, wherein R is Y, Ce, Nd, or Pr, Sm2(Fe,Ni,Co) 14 B, R2(Co,Fe,Ni) 17 , wherein R is Y or Nd.

6. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The base component is an insulating high polymer.

7. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The data line includes one of the axisymmetric regular shapes such as a circular shape, a flat shape, and an elliptical shape, or any irregular shape.

8. The flexible data line of claim 1, wherein the flexible data line is configured to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) by, The data line connector is one of a USB type-c data connector, a lightning data connector, and an audio data connector.

9. A method of making a flexible data cable with improved EMC electromagnetic compatibility according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises: Step 1: Preparation of soft magnetic flaky powder, Step 2: Granulation: proportioning, mixing, and mixing of the soft magnetic flaky powder, a binder, and a processing aid, or modification of the soft magnetic flaky powder with a coupling agent, mixing with the binder and the processing aid, and then mixing and mixing of the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer granules, Step 3: Extrusion molding and flaky orientation: mixing and plasticizing of the above granules, and extruding the core and the flexible data line semi-finished product with the flexible soft magnetic cladding layer on the outside through the same die of the extruder, while flowing and extruding, the soft magnetic flaky powder dispersed in the viscous state of the binder is subjected to the combined force of the shearing force of the inner wall of the barrel and the outer wall of the cladded object, the viscous force of the binder, and the driving pressure of the screw rotation, the soft magnetic flaky powder adjusts the stress surface, part or all of the flaky physical surface is arranged along the axial circumferential surface, and the orientation along the axial circumferential surface of the data line is formed; Step 4: Flexible outer sheath: after cooling and solidification, braiding an electrically insulating flexible outer sheath layer, or the flexible outer sheath layer is an electrically insulating plastic layer, and is co-extruded synchronously or sequentially with Step 3.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the flexible data cable is prepared to improve electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The preparation of the soft magnetic flaky powder includes the following process flow: melting, ingot casting, crushing, ball milling, screening, annealing, batching, raw powder, flaking, drying, heat treatment, air separation, batching, and finished product.

11. A method for fabricating a flexible data cable to improve EMC electromagnetic compatibility according to claim 9, characterized in that, The flexible data line is oriented and magnetized in a long straight spiral tube, the magnetic field direction in the spiral tube is parallel to the axial direction of the data line, and part or all of the soft magnetic powder in the soft magnetic cladding layer has an easy magnetization axis oriented along the axial circumferential surface of the data line.

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