Fault information holding circuit, fault information monitoring system and energy storage system

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault information holding circuit, a fault information monitoring system and an energy storage system. The fault information holding circuit comprises a magnetic latching relay, an instruction input circuit and an energy storage device. Wherein the energy storage device is responsible for providing energy required by action for the magnetic latching relay under the condition that a target power supply loses power, the instruction input circuit is responsible for generating a control signal aiming at the magnetic latching relay according to a fault signal of the target power supply, and the magnetic latching relay is responsible for switching an opening state and a closing state according to the control signal. A long-term reliable fault signal holding function is realized by converting a power supply fault signal from an electric signal to a magnetic signal, and the upper-level sampling time is not limited, so that the acquisition requirement can be effectively met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage power technology, and specifically to a fault information holding circuit, a fault information monitoring system, and an energy storage system. Background Art

[0002] In the energy storage power system, the DC power supply provides the working power for the equipment in the system. In order to monitor the working status of the working power supply, the current working power supply is required to be equipped with a fault alarm port so that the working power supply can report the current normal state or fault state to the control system. In the related art, the working power supply fault alarm method mainly sets a holding circuit including an indicator and an energy storage device, which converts the fault signal into a light signal of the indicator light in the indicator, and provides energy to the indicator light through the energy storage device. However, this method can only maintain the fault signal for a period of time, which is difficult to meet the collection requirements. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, the present application provides a fault information holding circuit, a fault information monitoring system, and an energy storage system, which can realize a long-term and reliable fault signal holding function and meet the collection requirements.

[0004] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a fault information holding circuit, comprising a magnetic holding relay, a command input circuit and an energy storage device; the command input circuit is used to generate a control signal according to a fault signal of a target power supply and send it to the magnetic holding relay; the magnetic holding relay is used to switch the opening and closing states according to the received control signal; the energy storage device is used to provide energy for the command input circuit and the magnetic holding relay.

[0005] In the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, a fault information holding circuit is provided, in which the energy storage device is responsible for providing the energy required for the magnetic holding relay to operate when the target power supply loses power, the instruction input circuit is responsible for generating a control signal for the magnetic holding relay according to the fault signal of the target power supply, and the magnetic holding relay is responsible for switching the opening and closing states according to the control signal. In this way, by converting the power supply fault signal from an electrical signal to a magnetic signal, a long-term and reliable fault signal holding function is achieved, and there is no limit on the upper sampling time, so it can effectively meet the collection requirements.

[0006] In some embodiments, each type of the fault signal corresponds to a command input circuit; each command input circuit corresponds to a magnetic latching relay. The number of the two modules, the command input circuit and the magnetic latching relay, in the fault information holding circuit is determined according to the number of types of fault signals, so that the upper sampling circuit can not only determine whether the target power supply is in a normal state or a fault state, but also determine the specific content of the power supply fault through the opening and closing states of each magnetic latching relay.

[0007] In some embodiments, an initialization circuit is further included; the initialization circuit is used to reset the opening and closing state of the magnetic latching relay when the power is turned on. When the target power supply is converted from a fault state to a normal state, the initialization circuit automatically restores the opening and closing state of the magnetic latching relay to a default state, so that the fault information holding circuit can indicate and maintain the power supply fault information multiple times without manual reset.

[0008] In some embodiments, an encoder is further included; the encoder is used to encode multiple fault signals into output signals for multiple command input circuits, and transmit the output signals to the command input circuits. By adding an encoder to encode multiple fault signals into several bit states, the acquisition resource consumption of the control system is effectively reduced.

[0009] In some embodiments, the energy storage device is also used to provide energy for the encoder.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of types of the fault signal is m, and the number of the command input circuits is n; and m is less than the power of 2. When the fault information is between 4 and 15 types, the encoder encoding method can be used to encode multiple fault information into 3-bit or 4-bit states, thereby effectively reducing the acquisition resource consumption of the control system.

[0011] In some embodiments, an initialization circuit is also included; the initialization circuit is used to reset the state of the magnetic latching relay and the encoder in the event of power-on.

[0012] In some embodiments, the magnetic latching relay includes a first contact, a second contact, a disconnection package and a connection package; the instruction input circuit includes an input diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a transistor; the target power supply is connected to the collector of the transistor through the input diode and the first resistor in sequence; the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is connected to the base of the transistor through the second resistor; the emitter of the transistor is connected to the ground; the collector of the transistor is also connected to the connection package; when the voltage of the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is at a high level, the transistor is in a conducting state, and the connection package is powered off, so that the magnetic latching relay does not operate; when the voltage of the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is at a low level, the transistor is in a disconnected state, and the connection package is powered on, so that the magnetic latching relay switches the contact opening and closing state. Through this design method, it can be ensured to a certain extent that the magnetic latching relay does not malfunction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the initialization circuit includes a first capacitor and a third resistor; the minimum capacitance value of the first capacitor is determined according to the resistance of the disconnection package of the magnetic latching relay and the action time. Through this design, the energy contained in the pull-up capacitor of the initialization circuit can meet the energy requirements required for the disconnection package of the magnetic latching relay to act, thereby effectively realizing the state reset of the magnetic latching relay.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a fault information monitoring system, comprising a power supply monitoring circuit, a sampling circuit and a fault information holding circuit as described in any one of the first aspects; the power supply monitoring circuit is used to monitor the working state of the target power supply, and when a target power supply fault is monitored, a fault signal is sent to the fault information holding circuit; the sampling circuit is used to obtain the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay, and determine the working state of the target power supply according to the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay.

[0015] In a third aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising the fault information monitoring system as described in the second aspect or the fault information holding circuit as described in any one of the first aspect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. Moreover, the same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a fault information holding circuit according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a fault information holding circuit for three types of fault signals according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a fault information holding circuit for a large number of fault signals according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a magnetic latching relay unit circuit design according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an encoder and its peripheral circuit design according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of an example of an 8-3 line priority encoder truth table according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0023] Some of the reference numerals in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0024] 11-magnetic holding relay; 12-command input circuit; 13-energy storage device; 14-initialization circuit; 15-encoder; 111-first contact; 112-second contact; 113-line breaking package; 114-line passing package; 121-input diode; 122-first resistor; 123-second resistor; 124-transistor; 131-energy storage capacitor; 141-first capacitor; 142-third resistor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present application are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present application, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present application.

[0026] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by technicians in the technical field to which this application belongs; the terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application; the terms "including" and "having" in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned figure descriptions and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the technical terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish different objects, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number, specific order or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0028] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of the phrase in various locations in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "and / or" is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship.

[0030] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "multiple" refers to more than two (including two). Similarly, "multiple groups" refers to more than two groups (including two groups), and "multiple pieces" refers to more than two pieces (including two pieces).

[0031] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] In order to improve the reliability of energy storage power systems, it is usually necessary to monitor the working status of the working power supply. The current working power supply fault alarm method uses a holding circuit including an indicator and an energy storage device. The holding circuit converts the fault signal into an optical signal of the indicator light in the indicator, and at the same time provides energy to the indicator light through the energy storage device. However, the fault information retention time of this holding circuit is limited, which is difficult to meet the collection requirements.

[0033] In response to the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a fault information holding circuit, which converts the fault information from an electrical signal into a magnetic signal, namely the electric contact switch state of a magnetic holding relay, to achieve a long-term and reliable fault signal holding function.

[0034] Some embodiments of the present application provide a fault information holding circuit such as Figure 1 As shown, the fault information holding circuit includes a magnetic holding relay 11, an instruction input circuit 12 and an energy storage device 13; wherein the instruction input circuit 12 is used to generate a control signal according to a fault signal of the target power supply and send it to the magnetic holding relay 11; the magnetic holding relay 11 is used to switch the opening and closing states according to the received control signal; the energy storage device 13 is used to provide energy for the instruction input circuit 12 and the magnetic holding relay 11.

[0035] In the above-mentioned fault information holding circuit, the command input circuit is responsible for controlling the switching of the magnetic latching relay to the open and closed state according to the fault signal of the target power supply. The target power supply here can be a working power supply that needs to monitor the working state, and the fault signal of the target power supply can be sent to the command input circuit by the power supply monitoring circuit. The power supply monitoring circuit is a circuit for monitoring the working state of the target power supply, and sending a fault signal to the fault information holding circuit when the target power supply fault is monitored. The specific structure of the power supply monitoring circuit can be set according to the needs of the specific scene, and this application does not limit this. In general, the working principle of the magnetic latching relay is that the opening and closing state of its contacts is usually maintained by the magnetic force generated by the permanent magnet. When the contacts of the relay need to switch the opening and closing state, only the positive (negative) DC pulse voltage is needed to excite the coil, and the relay can complete the switching of the opening and closing state in an instant. Therefore, the command input circuit can be connected to the wire package of the magnetic latching relay through a transistor. According to the voltage of the fault signal, the transistor switches from the on state to the off state, and the wire package of the magnetic latching relay switches from the original power-off state to the power-on state, thereby switching the contact opening and closing state of the magnetic latching relay. In addition, the energy storage device mentioned in this embodiment may include at least one energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage device is responsible for providing the energy required for the magnetic latching relay to operate when the target power supply is in a power-off state.

[0036] In the fault information holding circuit provided in the embodiment of the present application, the energy storage device is responsible for providing the energy required for the magnetic holding relay to operate when the target power supply loses power, the instruction input circuit is responsible for generating a control signal for the magnetic holding relay according to the fault signal of the target power supply, and the magnetic holding relay is responsible for switching the opening and closing state according to the control signal. In this way, by converting the power supply fault signal from an electrical signal to a magnetic signal, a long-term and reliable fault signal holding function is achieved, and there is no limit on the upper sampling time, so it can effectively meet the collection requirements. In addition, since the fault information holding circuit only transmits information through the opening and closing of the relay contact, the isolation function of the power supply circuit and the upper sampling circuit can be realized, and no complex communication protocol is used for communication, and the circuit has a strong anti-interference ability.

[0037] In some embodiments, each type of fault signal may correspond to a command input circuit; each command input circuit may correspond to a magnetic latching relay. That is, the number of the two modules, the command input circuit and the magnetic latching relay, in the fault information holding circuit may be determined according to the number of types of fault signals. For example, when the fault signal includes three types, namely, fault signal 1 indicating that the target power supply is powered off, fault signal 2 indicating that the target power supply output is undervoltage, and fault signal 3 indicating that the target power supply output is short-circuited, the fault information holding circuit may include three command input circuits and three magnetic latching relays, and each command input circuit is responsible for controlling a magnetic latching relay according to a fault signal. In this way, the upper sampling circuit can not only determine whether the target power supply is in a normal state or a fault state, but also determine the specific content of the power supply fault through the opening and closing states of each magnetic latching relay.

[0038] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another fault information holding circuit provided by some embodiments of the present application, wherein the fault information holding circuit is a circuit for when there are three types of fault information, wherein the fault signal 1, the fault signal 2 and the fault signal 3 each correspond to one type of fault information, and Figure 1 Compared with the fault information holding circuit shown in FIG. 1 , the fault information holding circuit is newly added with an initialization circuit 14 (the serial numbers of the remaining components are the same as those of FIG. 1 ). Figure 1 same, Figure 2 (not shown); the initialization circuit 14 is used to reset the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay 11 when the power is turned on. That is to say, when the target power supply is converted from a faulty state to a normal state, the initialization circuit automatically restores the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay to a default state. In this way, without manual resetting, the fault information holding circuit can indicate and maintain the power supply fault information multiple times. Among them, the initialization circuit 14 can be to reset the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay 11 at the moment of power-on. The power-on moment here can be considered to be within the preset time after power-on. The preset time can be 0.5 seconds, or it can be 1 second, 2 seconds, etc., which can be set accordingly according to the needs of the specific scenario.

[0039] In the case of a large number of fault information, using a magnetic latching relay corresponding to the number of types of fault information may not be conducive to the cost reduction strategy. Therefore, some other embodiments of the present application provide the following Figure 3 The fault information holding circuit shown is composed of Figure 3 It can be seen that the fault information holding circuit can also include an encoder 15 (the serial numbers of the remaining components are the same as Figure 1 or Figure 2 same, Figure 3(not shown); the encoder 15 is used to encode multiple fault signals into output signals for multiple instruction input circuits 12, and transmit the output signals to the instruction input circuit 12. The encoder here can be a digital circuit that realizes the function of encoding multiple fault signals into multiple groups of output signals. For example, when the number of types of fault information is 7, 3 instruction input circuits and 3 magnetic latching relays can be set in the fault information holding circuit, and the encoder encodes 7 types of fault information into 7 groups of output signals, each group of output signals corresponds to the opening and closing state of the 3 magnetic latching relays, and "000" represents that the opening and closing states of the 3 magnetic latching relays are disconnected state, disconnected state and disconnected state respectively, then the 7 groups of output signals can be "001", "010", "100", "011", "101", "110" and "111" respectively, so that multiple fault information is encoded into several bit states, which effectively reduces the acquisition resource consumption of the control system and is conducive to the cost reduction strategy. Among them, taking the output signal "011" as an example, it means that the encoder sends an output signal to the second instruction input circuit and the third instruction input circuit respectively, so that these two instruction input circuits control the second magnetic holding relay and the third magnetic holding relay to switch the opening and closing states respectively.

[0040] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the number of types of fault signals is m, the number of command input circuits is n, and m is less than 2 to the power of n. That is to say, when there are 4 to 7 types of fault signals, 3 command input circuits and 3 magnetic latching relays can be set in the fault signal holding circuit; when there are 8 to 15 types of fault signals, 4 command input circuits and 4 magnetic latching relays can be set in the fault signal holding circuit. In this way, when the fault information is between 4 and 15 types, the encoder encoding method can be used to encode multiple fault information into 3-bit or 4-bit states, thereby effectively reducing the acquisition resource consumption of the control system.

[0041] And, by Figure 3 It can be seen that the energy storage device mentioned above can also be used to provide energy for the encoder. At the same time, correspondingly, the fault information holding circuit can also include an initialization circuit, which is used to reset the state of the magnetic holding relay and the encoder when powered on.

[0042] Some embodiments of the present application provide a magnetic latching relay unit circuit design such as Figure 4 As shown, the circuit includes a magnetic latching relay 11, a command input circuit 12, an energy storage device 13 and an initialization circuit 14. Among them:

[0043] The magnetic latching relay 11 comprises a first contact 111, a second contact 112, a disconnection package 113 and a connection package 114;

[0044] The instruction input circuit 12 includes an input diode 121, a first resistor 122, a second resistor 123 and a transistor 124. The target power supply Vcc is connected to the collector of the transistor 124 through the input diode 121 and the first resistor 122 in turn. The input signal S1 (fault signal or encoder output signal) is connected to the base of the transistor 124 through the second resistor 123. The emitter of the transistor 124 is connected to the ground, and the collector of the transistor 124 is also connected to the wire package 114 of the magnetic latching relay 11. The instruction input circuit 12 is configured to be invalid when the high level is high and valid when the low level is low, that is, when the fault signal or the encoder output signal voltage is high, the transistor 124 is in the on state, the wire package 114 is powered off, and the magnetic latching relay 11 does not operate; when the fault signal or the encoder output signal voltage is low, the transistor 124 is disconnected, the wire package 114 is powered on, and the magnetic latching relay 11 switches the open and closed state. When the high level is high, the voltage signal of the target power supply Vcc needs to meet the following conditions:

[0045] V cc -V D2 -V R12 ≥V dz

[0046] Where V cc is the target power supply voltage; V D2 is the forward voltage drop of diode 121; V R12 is the voltage across the first resistor 122; V dz The minimum operating voltage of the magnetic latching relay 11 coil. If the voltage of the fault signal or encoder output signal is greater than V s1 The minimum voltage value can ensure that the magnetic latching relay 11 will not malfunction;

[0047] The initialization circuit 14 is mainly composed of a first capacitor 141 and a third resistor 142. The first capacitor 141 can be a pull-up capacitor, and the third resistor 142 can be a pull-down resistor. The initialization circuit 14 is responsible for energizing the disconnection package 113 of the magnetic latching relay 11 at the moment of power-on, so that the contacts of the magnetic latching relay 11 are restored to the default disconnected state. In order to ensure reliable initialization of the relay state, the energy contained in the first capacitor 141 should be greater than or equal to the energy required for the disconnection package 113 to operate, that is, the following conditions are met:

[0048]

[0049] According to this formula, the minimum capacitance value of the first capacitor 141 needs to satisfy the following formula:

[0050]

[0051] Wherein, C3 is the capacitance value of the first capacitor 141; R duis the resistance of the disconnection package 113 of the magnetic latching relay 11; t dz It is the action time of disconnection package 113;

[0052] The energy storage device 13 includes an energy storage capacitor 131. The energy storage capacitor 131 is responsible for providing the energy required for the operation of the line package 114 from the time when the power fails to the time when the line package 114 drops to the minimum operating voltage, that is, the following conditions are met:

[0053]

[0054] According to this formula, if the wire package 114 is to operate reliably, the capacitance value of the energy storage capacitor 131 should meet the following conditions:

[0055]

[0056] Wherein, C4 is the capacitance value when the energy storage capacitor 131 provides energy to the magnetic latching relay 11; V Q1_C is the minimum operating voltage of the magnetic latching relay 11; t dz2 It is the action time of the communication package 114.

[0057] Some embodiments of the present application provide encoders and peripheral circuit designs thereof such as Figure 5 As shown, where:

[0058] The initialization circuit 14 includes a relay initialization circuit and an encoder initialization circuit. The relay initialization circuit includes a first capacitor 141 and a third resistor 142. The encoder initialization circuit is responsible for prohibiting the encoder status output when the circuit is powered on. It can be composed of a resistor R9 and a capacitor C2. The initialization time t ch The lowest input voltage V recognized by the slave encoder th Start charging to the maximum voltage (V dd -V D1 ) charging phase and from the maximum input voltage (V dd -V D1 ) is discharged to the minimum input voltage V recognized by the encoder th The discharge phase consists of two parts, so the initialization time t ch It can be expressed as:

[0059]

[0060] Where V dd The encoder supply voltage; V D1 is the forward voltage drop of diode D1; V th It is the minimum input voltage recognized by the encoder. It is found through experiments that the initialization time t ch Generally it can be set to 500us-1ms level;

[0061] The energy storage capacitor 131 may include a capacitor C1, which is responsible for the time t from when the power supply voltage is lost to when the relay coil completes the action. dz The encoder is provided with energy to ensure that the encoder supply voltage is above the minimum allowable operating voltage of the encoder. Therefore, capacitor C1 should meet the following conditions:

[0062]

[0063] Where C1 is the capacitance value of capacitor C1; V U1_min is the minimum operating voltage of the encoder; I cc is the maximum operating current of the encoder;

[0064] For the encoder, after completing the circuit design, it can be based on Figure 6 The example of the truth table of the 8-3 line priority encoder shown enables the circuit to indicate a variety of fault information, where 0 represents valid, 1 represents invalid, and x represents irrelevant to the value of the item.

[0065] The present application provides a fault information monitoring system, which includes a power supply monitoring circuit, a sampling circuit and a fault information holding circuit as in the above-mentioned embodiment; the power supply monitoring circuit is used to monitor the working state of a target power supply, and when a target power supply fault is detected, a fault signal is sent to the fault information holding circuit; the sampling circuit is used to obtain the opening and closing state of a magnetic latching relay, and determine the working state of the target power supply according to the opening and closing state of the magnetic latching relay.

[0066] The present application also provides an energy storage system, which includes a fault information monitoring system or a fault information holding circuit as described in the above embodiment. The energy storage system includes but is not limited to electric devices such as electric vehicles, ships, base station backup power supplies, or smart homes.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present application. In particular, as long as there is no structural conflict, the various technical features mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way. The present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but includes all technical solutions that fall within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A fault information holding circuit, characterized in that: It includes a magnetic latching relay, a command input circuit and an energy storage device; wherein: The command input circuit is used to generate a control signal according to a fault signal of the target power supply and send the control signal to the magnetic latching relay; The magnetic latching relay is used to switch the open and closed states according to the received control signal; The energy storage device is used to provide energy for the instruction input circuit and the magnetic latching relay.

2. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each type of the fault information corresponds to a command input circuit; and each command input circuit corresponds to a magnetic latching relay.

3. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes an initialization circuit; the initialization circuit is used to reset the opening and closing state of the magnetic latching relay when the power is turned on.

4. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an encoder; the encoder is used to encode multiple fault signals into output signals for multiple instruction input circuits, and transmit the output signals to the instruction input circuits.

5. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The energy storage device is also used to provide energy for the encoder.

6. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The number of types of the fault signals is m, and the number of the instruction input circuits is n; and m is less than 2 to the power of n.

7. The fault information holding circuit according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that: It also includes an initialization circuit; the initialization circuit is used to reset the status of the magnetic latching relay and the encoder when the power is turned on.

8. The fault information holding circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The magnetic latching relay comprises a first contact, a second contact, a disconnection package and a connection package; The command input circuit includes an input diode, a first resistor, a second resistor and a transistor; the target power supply is connected to the collector of the transistor through the input diode and the first resistor in sequence; the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is connected to the base of the transistor through the second resistor; the emitter of the transistor is connected to the ground; the collector of the transistor is also connected to the pass line package; When the voltage of the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is at a high level, the transistor is in the on state, and the pass line package is powered off, so that the magnetic holding relay does not operate; when the voltage of the fault signal or the output signal of the encoder is at a low level, the transistor is in the off state, and the pass line package is powered on, so that the magnetic holding relay switches the contact opening and closing state.

9. The fault information holding circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The initialization circuit includes a first capacitor and a third resistor; the minimum capacitance value of the first capacitor is determined according to the resistance of the disconnection package of the magnetic latching relay and the action time.

10. A fault information monitoring system, comprising a power supply monitoring circuit, a sampling circuit and a fault information holding circuit as described in any one of claims 1 to 9; the power supply monitoring circuit is used to monitor the working state of the target power supply, and when a target power supply fault is monitored, sends a fault signal to the fault information holding circuit; the sampling circuit is used to obtain the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay, and determine the working state of the target power supply according to the opening and closing state of the magnetic holding relay.

11. An energy storage system, characterized in that: It includes the fault information monitoring system as described in claim 10 or the fault information holding circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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