Energy storage device

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides energy storage equipment, and relates to the technical field of energy. The energy storage equipment comprises a battery, a first flow channel, a hydrogen storage device and a heat storage device, the battery is a solid oxide battery and comprises an anode layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode layer, the electrolyte layer is located between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and the battery further comprises an anode channel and a cathode channel; the first runner is communicated with an outlet of the anode channel; the hydrogen storage device comprises a first shell and a solid hydrogen storage medium, the solid hydrogen storage medium is located in the first shell, and the solid hydrogen storage medium is used for storing hydrogen; the heat storage device comprises a second shell and a heat storage medium, the heat storage medium is located in the second shell, and the heat storage medium is used for exchanging heat with one part of the first flow channel and the solid hydrogen storage medium. According to the technical scheme, under the condition that the solid hydrogen storage medium of the hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, the solid hydrogen storage medium can absorb heat generated by other devices, so that the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy technology, and in particular to an energy storage device. Background Art

[0002] Solid-state hydrogen storage technology uses a chemical reaction between hydrogen and solid-state hydrogen storage media to attract hydrogen atoms into the gaps of solid-state hydrogen storage media to form stable hydrides, thereby achieving low-pressure and safe storage of hydrogen. Among them, solid-state hydrogen storage technology has attracted attention for its safety, cleanliness, pollution-free, and high hydrogen storage density.

[0003] In related technologies, the process of releasing hydrogen from solid-state hydrogen storage media requires the absorption of a large amount of heat and consumes a lot of energy, which restricts the development and ease of use of solid-state hydrogen storage technology. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present application provides an energy storage device, which enables the solid hydrogen storage medium of the hydrogen storage device to absorb heat generated by other devices when the solid hydrogen storage medium of the hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides an energy storage device, which includes a battery, a first flow channel, a hydrogen storage device and a heat storage device. The battery is a solid oxide battery, and the battery includes an anode layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode layer, and the electrolyte layer is located between the anode layer and the cathode layer. The battery also includes an anode channel and a cathode channel, and the anode channel is used to guide the internal gas to the anode layer, and the cathode channel is used to guide the internal gas to the cathode layer; the first flow channel is connected to the outlet of the anode channel; the hydrogen storage device includes a first shell and a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the solid hydrogen storage medium is located in the first shell, and the solid hydrogen storage medium is used to store hydrogen; the heat storage device includes a second shell and a heat storage medium, and the heat storage medium is located in the second shell; the second shell is connected to the first flow channel, and the heat storage medium in the second shell exchanges heat with a part of the first flow channel; the second shell is connected to the first shell, and the heat storage medium in the second shell exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium in the first shell.

[0007] In the case of a reversible solid oxide cell (rSOC), the battery has both a fuel cell mode and an electrolysis mode. Solid oxide cells can not only operate in fuel cell mode, as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to convert chemical energy into electrical energy; solid oxide cells can also operate in electrolysis mode, as a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) to convert electrical energy into chemical energy. This bidirectional energy conversion capability gives the battery (solid oxide cell) high flexibility and application potential.

[0008] Among them, the anode layer of the battery can be a fuel electrode, and the cathode layer of the battery can be an air electrode or an oxygen electrode. The anode channel can guide hydrogen or water (water vapor) to the anode layer, and the gas generated by the reaction in the anode layer will also be discharged to the outside of the battery through the anode channel. The cathode channel can guide air to the cathode layer, and the gas generated by the reaction in the cathode layer will also be discharged through the cathode channel.

[0009] In the case of the battery as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the battery converts hydrogen in the anode layer into water (water vapor) and releases electricity, so that there is current between the anode layer and the cathode layer. Since the discharge process of the battery is exothermic (for example, the operating temperature of the battery is about 550-800°C), the gas discharged through the anode channel can take out part of the heat of the battery, and the high-temperature gas discharged from the anode channel enters the first flow channel to exchange heat with the heat storage medium, so that the heat storage device obtains a large amount of heat and stores it.

[0010] When the battery is used as a solid oxide electrolysis battery (SOEC), the water (water vapor) in the anode layer is converted into hydrogen through an external current. Although the electrolysis process of the battery is an endothermic reaction, under the action of the battery's own impedance, the battery will generate heat and gradually present thermal equilibrium. When the external current between the anode layer and the cathode layer reaches a certain level, the excess heat generated by the battery will also be stored in the heat storage device by heat exchange with the heat storage medium, making full use of the heat of the battery for use by the hydrogen storage device in the process of releasing hydrogen.

[0011] In addition, the solid-state hydrogen storage medium will also exchange heat with the heat storage medium. In the process of storing hydrogen in the solid-state hydrogen storage medium, the solid-state hydrogen storage medium will also release heat. In some cases, the heat released by the solid-state hydrogen storage medium will also be stored in the heat storage device.

[0012] When the solid-state hydrogen storage medium needs to release hydrogen, the heat stored in the heat storage device will be transferred to the solid-state hydrogen storage medium, so that the solid-state hydrogen storage medium can absorb enough heat and release hydrogen (for example, the temperature at which the solid-state hydrogen storage medium releases hydrogen is about 400°C). Through the above technical solution, the heat generated by the battery power generation can be recovered and provided to the heat storage device, so that the hydrogen storage device can absorb enough heat to support the solid-state hydrogen storage medium to release hydrogen, reducing the heat provided by other heat sources (heat sources specifically used to heat the hydrogen storage device) and reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device (for example, energy consumption is reduced by 20%).

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the material of the solid-state hydrogen storage medium includes at least one of ferrosoferric oxide, lithium-based metals, magnesium-based solid-state hydrogen storage materials, titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, or rare earth hydrogen storage alloys.

[0014] In an optional embodiment, the first shell is communicated with the inlet of the anode channel.

[0015] When the battery is in fuel cell mode, the discharge process of the battery consumes hydrogen. The first shell is connected to the anode channel inlet, and the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage medium after absorbing heat can enter the anode channel for battery consumption. That is, the hydrogen storage device absorbs the heat generated by the battery reaction and provides hydrogen for the battery. This cycle reduces the overall energy consumption of the heat storage device.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device also includes a gas-liquid separator and a second flow channel, the gas-liquid separator is used to separate gas and liquid, the first flow channel connects the outlet of the anode channel with the gas-liquid separator; the second flow channel connects the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the anode channel, and the first shell is connected to the second flow channel.

[0017] The gas-liquid separator can separate gas and liquid by condensation. For example, the gas-liquid separator can separate hydrogen and liquid water in the first flow channel. The liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator will be directly discharged or recycled, and the gas will continue to enter the second flow channel.

[0018] When the battery is in fuel cell mode, the gas in the anode channel (for example, water vapor and unreacted hydrogen) will first enter the first flow channel after being discharged, and the gas in the first flow channel will first exchange heat with the heat storage medium before entering the gas-liquid separator for condensation, so that the heat storage medium can store the heat in the first flow channel, that is, the heat storage medium can store the heat generated by the battery power generation. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium, the gas in the first flow channel will flow into the gas-liquid separator and separate the liquid (for example, condensed liquid water) from the gas, and the gas after gas-liquid separation (for example, the remaining hydrogen) will flow back to the anode channel through the second flow channel. Among them, since the first shell is connected to the second flow channel, the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage medium when heated will also enter the anode channel through the second flow channel.

[0019] In addition, when the battery is in electrolysis mode, the gas in the anode channel (for example, hydrogen and unreacted water vapor) will enter the first flow channel after being discharged. After the gas in the first flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, it will flow into the gas-liquid separator and separate the liquid (for example, condensed liquid water) from the gas. The gas after gas-liquid separation (for example, the remaining hydrogen) enters the heat storage device through the second flow channel for storage, so as to be consumed by the battery in the fuel cell mode. Among them, before the hydrogen storage device stores hydrogen, liquids such as water are condensed and discharged first, which reduces the impact on the solid hydrogen storage medium.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the second flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, and a position of the second flow channel for communicating with the first shell is located upstream of a portion of the second flow channel for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium.

[0021] The battery generates heat in the fuel cell mode, but the battery needs a higher heat to maintain the reaction in the fuel cell mode. In addition to the heat provided by the battery's own heat, the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage medium exchanges heat with the heat storage medium before entering the anode channel. The heat storage device heats the hydrogen entering the anode channel, which is conducive to the reaction of hydrogen in the anode layer.

[0022] In addition, when the battery is in standby mode (the battery stops running), hydrogen can be introduced into the anode channel through the hydrogen storage device, and the hydrogen entering the anode channel can be heated by the heat storage device, so that the heat storage device can reversely supply the stored heat to the battery to maintain the temperature of the battery, thereby reducing the temperature difference between the battery in the start and stop states. When the battery needs to be started, the battery only needs to increase its temperature a small amount to reach the battery's starting temperature, thereby shortening the battery's starting time.

[0023] In an optional embodiment, a portion of the second flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

[0024] A portion of the second flow channel is located in the second shell and contacts the heat storage medium, so that the second flow channel can exchange heat with the heat storage medium in the second shell. This direct heat exchange method (no additional heat exchanger is required) has higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces the heat loss generated by the second flow channel and the heat storage medium during the heat exchange process.

[0025] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device also includes a heat exchange tube, which includes a first part, a second part and a heat exchange medium, the first part and the second part are connected, the heat exchange medium is located in the first part and the second part, the first part is wound outside the first shell or is located in the first shell, and the second part is located in the second shell, and the heat storage medium and the solid hydrogen storage medium exchange heat through the heat exchange tube.

[0026] In the case where the solid hydrogen storage medium needs to exchange heat with the heat storage medium, the heat exchange medium (e.g., gas) in the second part will absorb the heat of the heat storage medium and become a high-temperature heat exchange medium, and the high-temperature heat exchange medium flows to the first part to heat the hydrogen storage device. If the first part is wrapped around the outside of the first shell, the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the first part will transfer heat to the first shell, and transfer heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium through the first shell, so that the heat storage device heats the solid hydrogen storage medium. If the first part is located in the first shell, the high-temperature heat exchange medium in the first part will transfer heat directly to the solid hydrogen storage medium, which can also achieve the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium by the heat storage device.

[0027] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a first driving member, and the first driving member is used to drive the heat exchange medium to circulate between the first part and the second part.

[0028] By controlling the start and stop of the first driving member, the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the heat storage medium can be controlled. For example, when the hydrogen storage device does not need to release hydrogen, the operation of the first driving member can be stopped to stop the flow of the heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the heat storage medium will also stop; when the hydrogen storage device needs to release hydrogen, the first driving member is started, so that the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the heat storage medium can be carried out normally.

[0029] In an optional embodiment, the energy storage device further includes a third flow channel, the outlet of the cathode channel is connected to the third flow channel, and a portion of the third flow channel is used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium.

[0030] When the battery is in fuel cell mode or electrolysis mode, in addition to recovering and storing the heat in the anode channel, the heat storage device can also store the heat in the cathode channel. For example, when the battery is used as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the battery is exothermic, and the gas discharged through the cathode channel can also take out part of the heat of the battery. The heat storage medium exchanges heat with the gas discharged from the anode channel (heat storage medium exchanges heat with the first flow channel) and the gas discharged from the cathode channel (heat storage medium exchanges heat with the third flow channel), so that the heat storage device obtains more heat and stores it. For another example, when the battery is used as a solid oxide water electrolysis cell (SOEC), part of the excess heat generated by the battery is taken out of the battery through the gas discharged from the anode channel, and part of it is taken out of the battery through the gas discharged from the cathode channel. The gas discharged from the anode channel and the cathode channel stores the heat in the heat storage device through heat exchange, so that the heat utilization rate of the battery is higher.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, a portion of the third flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

[0032] The part of the third flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell, so that the third flow channel is in direct contact with the heat storage medium, the heat exchange efficiency is higher, and the heat loss generated by the third flow channel and the heat storage medium during the heat exchange process is reduced.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, a portion of the first flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

[0034] A portion of the first flow channel is located in the second shell and contacts the heat storage medium, so that the first flow channel and the heat storage medium in the second shell can exchange heat. This direct heat exchange method (no additional heat exchanger is required) has higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces the heat loss generated by the first flow channel and the heat storage medium during the heat exchange process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in a fuel cell mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a battery in electrolysis mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic diagram of the structure of another battery provided in an embodiment of the present application in a fuel cell mode or an electrolysis mode;

[0040] Figure 6 A system diagram of an energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 7 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 8 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Fig. 9 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Fig.10 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Fig.11 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Fig.12 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig.13 A system diagram of another energy storage device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Reference numerals:

[0049] 100-energy storage device; 10-battery cabinet; 1-cabinet; 2-battery; 21-anode layer; 22-electrolyte layer; 23-cathode layer; 24-anode channel; 25-cathode channel; 26-battery sheet; 27-connector; 3-distribution device; 4-pipeline; 5-first flow channel; 6-second flow channel; 7-third flow channel; 8-fourth flow channel; 9-fifth flow channel; 20-hydrogen storage device; 201-first shell; 202-solid hydrogen storage medium Quality; 203-device box; 30-heat storage device; 301-second shell; 302-heat storage medium; 40-gas-liquid separator; 50-heat exchange tube; 501-first part; 502-second part; 503-heat exchange medium; 601-first driving member; 602-second driving member; 603-third driving member; 604-fourth driving member; 70-heat exchanger; 80-exchange tube; 90-water tank; 200-power supply / power consumption device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0051] In this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish one element from another element, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0052] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified or limited, "plurality" means two or more.

[0053] In addition, in this application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0054] In the drawings of the embodiments of the present application, physical structures such as components and assemblies are represented by guide lines; structures composed of multiple components are represented by brackets or guide lines with solid arrows; hollow structures such as openings, holes, spaces, and cavities are represented by guide lines with hollow arrows.

[0055] An energy storage device 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, Figure 1 The structure of an energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Figure 1 The energy storage device 100 includes a battery cabinet 10, a hydrogen storage device 20 and a heat storage device 30 (eg, a heat storage tank).

[0056] Among them, refer to Figure 1 The battery cabinet 10 includes a cabinet 1, a battery 2, a power distribution device 3 and a pipe 4. The cabinet 1 can be any structure that can serve as a device housing, for example, the cabinet 1 can be a metal cabinet. The battery 2 and the power distribution device 3 are both located in the cabinet 1, a portion of the pipe 4 is located in the cabinet 1, another portion of the pipe 4 extends out of the cabinet 1, and the portion of the pipe 4 extending out of the cabinet 1 is connected to other devices (for example, a heat storage device 30, a hydrogen storage device 20).

[0057] Reference Figure 1The hydrogen storage device 20 includes a first shell 201 and a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. The solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is located in the first shell 201. The solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is used to store and release hydrogen. The material of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 includes at least one of ferroferric oxide, lithium metal, magnesium-based solid hydrogen storage material, titanium hydrogen storage alloy or rare earth hydrogen storage alloy. In the process of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 releasing hydrogen, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to absorb a large amount of heat (for example, the temperature of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 releasing hydrogen is about 400°C). In the process of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 storing hydrogen, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will release heat.

[0058] exist Figure 1 In the example shown, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a plurality of first shells 201, each of which is filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. Figure 1 In the example shown, the hydrogen storage device 20 further includes a device box 203, and the plurality of first shells 201 are all located in the device box 203. In some other examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a first shell 201, and the first shell 201 is filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. In this example, the hydrogen storage device 20 may no longer include the device box 203.

[0059] Reference Figure 1 The heat storage device 30 includes a second shell 301 and a heat storage medium 302. The second shell 301 can be any structure capable of storing the heat storage medium 302. For example, the second shell 301 can be a tank, a box, etc., and the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on this. The heat storage medium 302 is located in the second shell 301, and the heat storage medium 302 is used to store heat. For example, the heat storage medium 302 includes at least one of water, oil, fluorine-containing liquid, organic phase change heat storage material, molten salt phase change heat storage material, alloy phase change heat storage material or composite phase change heat storage material.

[0060] The battery 2 installed in the cabinet 1 of the battery cabinet 10 is a solid oxide battery, which can also be called a reversible solid oxide battery (rSOC). The battery 2 can be used as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, and the battery 2 can also be used as a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) to convert electrical energy into chemical energy.

[0061] Figure 2 The structure of a battery 2 is shown as an example. Figure 2The battery 2 includes an anode layer 21, an electrolyte layer 22 and a cathode layer 23, wherein the electrolyte layer 22 is located between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23, wherein the anode layer 21 of the battery 2 may be a fuel electrode, and the cathode layer 23 of the battery 2 may be an air electrode or an oxygen electrode. In addition, the battery 2 also includes an anode channel 24 and a cathode channel 25, wherein the anode channel 24 is used to guide the internal gas (e.g., hydrogen and / or water) to the anode layer 21, and the gas generated by the reaction of the anode layer 21 is also discharged to the outside of the battery 2 through the anode channel 24; the cathode channel 25 is used to guide the internal gas (e.g., air) to the cathode layer 23, and the gas generated by the reaction of the cathode layer 23 is also discharged to the outside of the battery 2 through the cathode channel 25.

[0062] In one example, battery 2 has a fuel cell mode, referring to Figure 2 ( Figure 2 In the fuel cell mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and the battery 2 converts the hydrogen in the anode layer 21 into water and releases electricity, so that there is an external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 (the battery 2 has an external current). For example, hydrogen (H2) is introduced into the anode channel 24, and oxygen (O2) is introduced into the cathode channel. The oxygen in the cathode channel 25 reacts at the cathode layer 23 to become oxygen ions (O2-), and the oxygen ions (O2-) pass through the electrolyte layer 22 to reach the anode layer 21. The hydrogen in the anode channel 24 reacts with the oxygen ions at the anode layer 21 to generate water (H2O), and the water generated at the anode layer 21 and the unreacted hydrogen are discharged from the anode channel 24.

[0063] Figure 2 The hollow arrow at the entrance of the anode channel 24 indicates the inflow direction of the gas, and the hollow arrow at the exit of the anode channel 24 indicates the outflow direction of the gas; similarly, the hollow arrow at the entrance of the cathode channel 25 indicates the inflow direction of the gas, and the hollow arrow at the exit of the cathode channel 25 indicates the outflow direction of the gas. In addition, the hollow arrow on the circuit where the power supply / power consumption device 200 (power consumption device in fuel cell mode, or load) is located indicates the direction of the external current of the battery 2 (external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23). It can be understood that when the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, the external current of the battery 2 flows from the anode layer 21 to the cathode layer 23.

[0064] In another example, the battery 2 has an electrolysis mode, Figure 3 The battery 2 is shown in the electrolysis mode. Figure 3In the electrolysis mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide water electrolysis cell (SOEC), and converts the water in the anode layer 21 into hydrogen through an external current applied by the power supply / power consumption device 200 (power supply device in the electrolysis mode, such as a photovoltaic module). For example, water is introduced into the anode channel 24, and when an external current is applied between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23, the water introduced from the anode channel 24 reacts and decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen ions at the anode layer 21, and the oxygen ions pass through the electrolyte layer 22 to reach the cathode layer 23 and produce oxygen. The hydrogen generated at the anode layer 21 and the unreacted water are discharged from the anode channel 24. In addition, air can be introduced into the cathode channel 25 to discharge the oxygen generated in the cathode layer 23.

[0065] Figure 3 The hollow arrow at the entrance of the anode channel 24 indicates the inflow direction of the gas, and the hollow arrow at the exit of the anode channel 24 indicates the outflow direction of the gas; similarly, the hollow arrow at the entrance of the cathode channel 25 indicates the inflow direction of the gas, and the hollow arrow at the exit of the cathode channel 25 indicates the outflow direction of the gas. In addition, the hollow arrow on the circuit where the power supply / power consumption device 200 is located indicates the direction of the external current of the battery 2, that is, when the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode, the external current of the battery 2 flows from the cathode layer 23 to the anode layer 21.

[0066] By comparison Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that in the fuel cell mode ( Figure 2 The direction of the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 is different from that in the electrolysis mode ( Figure 3 In the mode described above, the directions of external currents between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 are opposite.

[0067] In another example, the battery 2 can be switched between the fuel cell mode and the electrolysis mode. It is understood that when the battery 2 is in the working mode, whether the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode or the electrolysis mode, there is an external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 of the battery 2. After the battery 2 stops working, there is no external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 (the battery 2 has no external current, and it is understood that the battery 2 also has no internal current).

[0068] Figure 4 The structure of another battery 2 is shown as an example. The battery 2 can be understood as a battery stack. Figure 4The battery 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 26, each of which includes an anode layer 21, an electrolyte layer 22 and a cathode layer 23. In each battery cell 26, the electrolyte layer 22 is located between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23. In addition, the battery 2 also includes a plurality of connecting sheets 27, each of which is located between two connecting sheets 27. After the plurality of connecting sheets 27 are combined, an anode channel 24 and a cathode channel 25 are formed inside the battery 2. Taking one of the connecting sheets 27 (connecting sheet 27a) as an example, one side of the connecting sheet 27a faces the cathode layer 23 of the battery cell 26a, and the other side faces the anode layer 21 of the battery cell 26b. The connecting sheet 27 has two mutually isolated sub-channels (sub-channel a and sub-channel b). The sub-channel a of the connecting sheet 27a guides the gas to the cathode layer 23 of the battery cell 26a, and the sub-channel b of the connecting sheet 27a guides the gas to the anode layer 21 of the battery cell 26b.

[0069] Reference Figure 4 After multiple connecting sheets 27 are combined, the sub-channels a of each connecting sheet 27 are interconnected to form a cathode channel 25, and the sub-channels b of each connecting sheet 27 are interconnected to form an anode channel 24. The anode channel 24 can guide the internal gas to the anode layer 21 of each battery cell 26, and the cathode channel 25 can guide the internal gas to the cathode layer 23 of each battery cell 26.

[0070] In addition, refer to Figure 4 The connecting piece 27 between two battery cells 26 can also play the role of connecting adjacent battery cells 26 in series, that is, multiple battery cells 26 can be connected in series through multiple connecting pieces 27. Figure 5 The example shows Figure 4 In the case of the battery 2 in the fuel cell mode or the electrolysis mode, refer to Figure 5 The plurality of battery cells 26 connected in series are electrically connected to the power supply / power consumption device 200 , and in the first state, an external current is provided between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 of any battery cell 26 of the battery 2 .

[0071] Since the discharge process of the battery 2 is exothermic, the battery 2 will generate a large amount of heat in the fuel cell mode. In addition, although the electrolysis process of the battery 2 (the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode) is an endothermic reaction, the battery 2 will generate heat under the effect of the impedance of the battery 2 itself. For example, under the effect of the impedance, when the working current (the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23) reaches 0.8A / cm2, the battery 2 as a whole is in thermal equilibrium. If the current continues to increase, and when the external current between the anode layer 21 and the cathode layer 23 reaches a certain level, the battery 2 will generate excess heat (for example, the electric-heat conversion rate reaches 10% to 20%).

[0072] Therefore, when the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode or the electrolysis mode, the heat of the battery 2 can be used to heat the hydrogen storage device 20 . Figure 6 A system diagram of an energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Figure 6 The energy storage device 100 further includes a first flow channel 5, wherein at least a portion of the first flow channel 5 is formed in the pipeline 4, the first flow channel 5 is connected to the outlet of the anode channel 24 (the hollow arrow on the first flow channel 5 indicates the flow direction of the gas), and the first flow channel 5 is connected to the second shell 301 of the heat storage device 30 (for example, connected in a heat exchangeable manner), so that a portion of the first flow channel 5 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. For example, the operating temperature of the heat storage device 30 is not higher than the operating temperature of the battery 2, and the heat of the battery 2 is stored in the heat storage device 30 after heat exchange. In addition, the first shell 201 of the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second shell 301 of the heat storage device 30 (for example, the first shell 201 and the second shell 301 are connected by a structure capable of heat exchange), so that the solid-state hydrogen storage medium 202 in the first shell 201 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 in the second shell 301. For example, the temperature required for the solid-state hydrogen storage medium 202 to release hydrogen is no higher than the operating temperature of the heat storage device 30, and the hydrogen storage device 20 can be heated by the heat storage device 30.

[0073] Through the above method, the heat storage device 30 can store a large amount of heat. When the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to release hydrogen, due to the heat exchange between the heat storage medium 302 and the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, the heat stored in the heat storage device 30 will be transferred to the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, so that the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 can absorb enough heat and release hydrogen.

[0074] The heat stored in the heat storage device 30 can come from multiple aspects. For example, when the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and the gas discharged through the anode channel 24 can take out part of the heat of the battery 2. After the high-temperature gas discharged from the anode channel 24 enters the first flow channel 5, it exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, so that the heat storage device 30 can store a large amount of heat. For another example, when the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide water electrolysis cell (SOEC). As the external current of the battery 2 increases, the gas discharged from the anode channel 24 will also carry a small amount of heat. After the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, the heat storage device 30 can also store a small amount of heat.

[0075] In addition, during the process of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 storing hydrogen, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will also release heat. In some cases, the heat released by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 will also be stored in the heat storage device 30 .

[0076] By adopting the above technical solution, the heat generated by the battery 2 during power generation is recovered by the heat storage device 30 and provided to the hydrogen storage device 20, so that the hydrogen storage device 20 can absorb enough heat to support the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 to release hydrogen, thereby reducing the heat provided by other heat sources (heat sources specifically used to heat the hydrogen storage device 20) and reducing the energy consumption of the hydrogen storage device 20 (for example, the energy consumption is reduced by 20%).

[0077] Among them, there are several ways of heat exchange between the first flow channel 5 and the heat storage medium 302. Figure 6 In the example shown, the portion of the first flow channel 5 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 is located in the second shell 301. This direct heat exchange method has a higher heat exchange efficiency and reduces the heat loss generated during the heat exchange between the first flow channel 5 and the heat storage medium 302. In some other examples, the first flow channel 5 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 through a heat exchange device.

[0078] The solid hydrogen storage medium 202 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 in any suitable manner. In one example, refer to Figure 6 , the energy storage device 100 further includes a heat exchange tube 50. The heat exchange tube 50 includes a first portion 501, a second portion 502 and a heat exchange medium 503. The first portion 501 and the second portion 502 are connected, and the heat exchange medium 503 (for example, water vapor) flows in the first portion 501 and the second portion 502. The heat exchange medium 503 is not shown in the drawings, and only the numbers in the brackets indicate that the heat exchange medium 503 is located in the first portion 501 and the second portion 502 (that is, the heat exchange medium 503 is located in the heat exchange tube 50). The first portion 501 is wrapped around the outside of the first shell 201 to exchange heat with the first shell 201, and the second portion 502 is located in the second shell 301 to exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302.

[0079] exist Figure 6 In the example shown, when the solid-state hydrogen storage medium 202 needs to exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302, the heat exchange medium 503 in the second part 502 will absorb the heat of the heat storage medium 302 and become a high-temperature heat exchange medium 503. The high-temperature heat exchange medium 503 flows to the first part 501. Since the first part 501 is wrapped around the outside of the first shell 201, the high-temperature heat exchange medium 503 in the first part 501 will transfer the heat to the first shell 201, and transfer the heat to the solid-state hydrogen storage medium 202 through the first shell 201, thereby realizing the heating of the solid-state hydrogen storage medium 202 by the heat storage device 30.

[0080] In some other examples, the first portion 501 may also exchange heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in other directions, for example, Figure 7 Another system diagram of an energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Figure 7A portion of the first part 501 is located in the first shell 201 to exchange heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium 202. The heat exchange medium 503 in the second part 502 absorbs the heat of the heat storage medium 302 and then flows into the first part 501. The heat exchange medium 503 in the first part 501 directly transfers the heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, thereby realizing the heating of the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 by the heat storage device 30.

[0081] In some other examples, the second portion 502 may also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 through a heat exchange device, for example, Figure 8 Another system diagram of an energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Figure 8 The energy storage device 100 further includes a heat exchanger 70 (heat exchange device, for example, a plate heat exchanger) and an exchange tube 80. The second portion 502 passes through the heat exchanger 70. The exchange tube 80 is connected to the heat exchange channel of the heat exchanger 70, and a portion of the exchange tube 80 is located in the second shell 301. The gas in the exchange tube 80 is driven by a driving device (for example, an air pump) to circulate the gas in the exchange tube 80. Through the heat exchanger 70, the gas in the second portion 502 can exchange heat with the gas in the exchange tube 80, that is, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is heated by the heat storage device 30.

[0082] In the example where the energy storage device 100 further includes a heat exchanger 70 and an exchange tube 80, the heat exchanger 70 may be located in the cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ), the heat exchanger 70 may also be located outside the cabinet 1, and the present application does not impose any specific restrictions on this. It should be noted that when the heat exchanger 70 is located inside the cabinet 1, a portion of the exchange tube 80 extends into the cabinet 1 and communicates with the heat exchanger 70.

[0083] In some examples, the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the heat storage medium 302 can be controlled, for example, referring to Figure 7 or Figure 8 The energy storage device 100 further includes a first driving member 601, which is used to drive the heat exchange medium 503 to circulate between the first part 501 and the second part 502. When the hydrogen storage device 20 is not required to release hydrogen, the operation of the first driving member 601 can be stopped to stop the flow of the heat exchange medium 503, and the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the heat storage medium 302 will also stop. When the hydrogen storage device 20 is required to release hydrogen, the first driving member 601 is started, so that the heat exchange between the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 and the heat storage medium 302 can be carried out normally.

[0084] The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage device 20 can be supplied to any subject that needs to use it, for example, to add hydrogen to hydrogen-powered vehicles, or to provide hydrogen to other devices that require hydrogen.

[0085] In some examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 can provide hydrogen for the battery 2 in the fuel cell mode (the discharge process of the battery 2 consumes hydrogen). Fig. 9 A system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Fig. 9 , the first shell 201 is connected to the inlet of the anode channel 24, for example, the first shell 201 is connected to the inlet of the anode channel 24 through a part of the pipe 4. When the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, part of the heat of the battery 2 is transferred to the first flow channel 5 through the gas discharged from the anode channel 24, and the heat storage device 30 is heated by the heat exchange between the heat storage device 30 and the first flow channel 5. The heat storage device 30 transfers the heat to the hydrogen storage device 20, and the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 after absorbing heat can enter the anode channel 24 for consumption by the battery 2. That is, the hydrogen storage device 20 absorbs the heat generated by the reaction of the battery 2 and provides hydrogen to the battery 2. This cycle reduces the overall energy consumption of the heat storage device.

[0086] In some examples, the hydrogen generated by the battery 2 in the electrolysis mode can also be stored in the heat storage device 30. In order to reduce the impact of liquid water on the solid hydrogen storage medium 202, it is necessary to separate the gas in the first flow channel 5 into gas and liquid. Fig.10 A system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Fig.10 The energy storage device 100 further includes a gas-liquid separator 40 and a second flow channel 6. The gas-liquid separator 40 is used to separate gas and liquid. The first flow channel 5 connects the outlet of the anode channel 24 with the gas-liquid separator 40, and the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302. The second flow channel 6 connects the gas-liquid separator 40 and the inlet of the anode channel 24. The first shell 201 of the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second flow channel 6, that is, the hydrogen storage device 20 is connected to the second flow channel 6.

[0087] The gas-liquid separator 40 can separate gas and liquid by condensation. For example, the gas-liquid separator 40 can separate hydrogen and liquid water in the first flow channel 5. The liquid separated by the gas-liquid separator 40 will be directly discharged or recycled for next use, and the gas will continue to enter the second flow channel 6.

[0088] For example, when the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode, the battery 2 is used as a solid oxide water electrolysis battery (SOEC), and the gas in the anode channel 24 (for example, hydrogen and unreacted water vapor) will first enter the first flow channel 5 after being discharged. After the gas in the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, it will flow into the gas-liquid separator 40 and separate the liquid (for example, condensed liquid water) from the gas. The gas after gas-liquid separation (for example, the remaining hydrogen) enters the heat storage device 30 through the second flow channel 6 for storage, so as to be consumed by the battery 2 in the fuel cell mode. Among them, before the hydrogen storage device 20 stores hydrogen, the liquid in the first flow channel 5 is first condensed and discharged through the gas-liquid separator 40, which reduces the impact on the solid hydrogen storage medium 202.

[0089] For another example, when the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Since the first shell 201 is connected to the second flow channel 6, the hydrogen released by the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 when heated will also enter the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6. The gas in the anode channel 24 (for example, water vapor and unreacted hydrogen) will first enter the first flow channel 5 after being discharged, and the gas in the first flow channel 5 will first exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 before entering the gas-liquid separator 40 for condensation, so that the heat storage medium 302 can store the heat in the first flow channel 5, that is, the heat storage medium 302 can store the heat generated by the power generation of the battery 2. After exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302, the gas in the first flow channel 5 will flow into the gas-liquid separator 40 and separate the liquid (for example, liquid water after condensation) from the gas, and the gas after gas-liquid separation (for example, the remaining hydrogen) will flow back to the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6 for continued consumption by the battery 2.

[0090] Reference Fig.10 The first flow channel 5, the second flow channel 6 and the anode channel 24 form a loop. In order to drive the gas (and / or liquid) to circulate in the first flow channel 5, the second flow channel 6 and the anode channel 24, the energy storage device 100 further includes a second driving member 602 (for example, a pump). The second driving member 602 is connected to the first flow channel 5 or the second flow channel 6 ( Fig.10 The figure shows the situation where the second driving member 602 is connected to the second flow channel 6 , and the second driving member 602 can drive the gas or liquid in the first flow channel 5 , the second flow channel 6 and the anode channel 24 to circulate.

[0091] In some examples, reference Fig.10 The energy storage device 100 further includes a water tank 90 and a third driving member 603. Driven by the third driving member 603 (e.g., a water pump), the water tank 90 is used to supply water to the battery 2 as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). The water tank 90 and the third driving member 603 may be located in the cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is shown in FIG. 1 ). Figure 1 ), the water tank 90 and the third driving member 603 may also be located outside the cabinet 1, or, one of the water tank 90 and the third driving member 603 is located inside the cabinet 1 and the other is located outside the cabinet 1, and this application does not impose any specific restrictions on this. In addition, the energy storage device 100 also includes a fourth flow channel 8, the fourth flow channel 8 connects the water tank 90 and the second flow channel 6, the third driving member 603 is connected to the fourth flow channel 8, and the third driving member 603 is used to drive the water in the water tank 90 to flow into the second flow channel 6 through the fourth flow channel 8, and then flow into the anode channel 24 through the second flow channel 6, so as to supply water to the battery 2.

[0092] Wherein, both water vapor and hydrogen can exist in the second flow channel 6, and the ratio of water vapor and hydrogen is adjusted according to the mode (electrolysis mode or fuel cell mode) of the battery 2. For example, if the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), the amount of hydrogen in the second flow channel 6 is increased, and if the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode as a solid oxide water electrolysis cell (SOEC), the amount of water vapor in the second flow channel 6 is increased.

[0093] Fig.11 A system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Fig.11 , a part of the first flow channel 5 and a part of the second flow channel 6 both exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. The way in which a part of the first flow channel 5 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302 is not described here in detail, and there are also many ways in which a part of the second flow channel 6 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, for example, referring to Fig.11 , the part of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 is located in the second shell 301, and the heat exchange efficiency is high, which reduces the heat loss generated by the second flow channel 6 and the heat storage medium 302 during the heat exchange process. For another example, in some other examples, an additional heat exchange device can be set to assist the second flow channel 6 in heat exchange with the heat storage device 30. For another example, in some other examples, the first flow channel 5 and the second flow channel 6 can share a heat exchange device to exchange heat with the heat storage device 30.

[0094] Reference Fig.11 The position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the first shell 201 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1) is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2). That is, the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage device 20 will first exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302 before entering the anode channel 24.

[0095] For example, when the battery 2 is not in operation, the hydrogen storage device 20 can also introduce hydrogen into the second flow channel 6. After the gas in the second flow channel 6 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302 with a higher temperature, the heat storage medium 302 heats the gas in the second flow channel 6. After the temperature of the gas in the second flow channel 6 increases, it flows back into the anode channel 24, raising the temperature of the battery 2. After the lower temperature part of the battery 2 absorbs the heat of the anode channel 24, the temperature of the gas in the anode channel 24 decreases, and then is discharged from the outlet of the anode channel 24. In this way, the battery 2 absorbs the heat from the heat storage device 30, reducing the temperature difference between the battery 2 in the start and stop states. When the battery 2 needs to be started, it only needs to increase the temperature a little bit to reach the start temperature of the battery 2, shortening the start and stop time of the battery 2.

[0096] Among them, Fig.11 In the example shown, the second flow channel 6 has a portion with a higher temperature and a portion with a lower temperature. For example, the temperature of the gas in the second flow channel 6 is lower just after passing through the gas-liquid separator 40, and the temperature of the gas discharged from the gas-liquid separator 40 is lower before exchanging heat with the heat storage device 30. Therefore, the portion between the second flow channel 6 exchanging heat with the heat storage device 30 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2) and the gas-liquid separator 40 belongs to the portion with a lower temperature of the second flow channel 6, and the portion between the second flow channel 6 exchanging heat with the heat storage device 30 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2) and the inlet of the anode channel 24 belongs to the portion with a higher temperature of the second flow channel 6.

[0097] Some devices in the energy storage device 100 that are not resistant to high temperatures can be connected to the lower temperature portion of the second flow channel 6, for example, referring to Fig.11 , the second driving member 602 (for example, a pump) has poor high temperature resistance, and a high operating temperature may affect the normal operation of the second driving member 602. The second driving member 602 is connected to the second flow channel 6, so that the second driving member 602 is located downstream of the gas-liquid separator 40, and the second driving member 602 is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 used for heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2). In this way, the second driving member 602 is arranged in the lower temperature portion of the second flow channel 6, so that the operating temperature of the second driving member 602 is lower, and the possibility of damage to the second driving member 602 is reduced.

[0098] For another example, the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3) is located upstream of the portion of the second flow channel 6 for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2). This makes the ambient temperature of the third driving member 603 lower, reducing the possibility of damage to the third driving member 603.

[0099] The "upstream" and "downstream" described in the above examples can be judged according to the flow path of the gas, or can be judged by referring to the following method. For example, if the gas in the first flow channel 5 flows from a of the first flow channel 5 to b of the first flow channel 5, then a of the first flow channel 5 is located upstream of b of the first flow channel 5; for another example, if the gas in the second flow channel 6 flows from c of the second flow channel 6 to d of the second flow channel 6, then c of the second flow channel 6 is located upstream of d of the second flow channel 6.

[0100] According to the above judgment method, Fig.11 In the example shown, the gas in the second flow channel 6 first flows to the second driving member 602, then flows to the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1), then flows to the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3), and then flows to the part of the second flow channel 6 for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2). Then, in Fig.11 In the example shown, the second driving member 602 is located upstream of the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1), the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the hydrogen storage device 20 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S1) is located upstream of the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3), and the position of the second flow channel 6 for communicating with the fourth flow channel 8 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S3) is located upstream of the part of the second flow channel 6 for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium 302 (the position indicated by the hollow arrow S2).

[0101] In addition, Fig.11 In the example shown, when the battery 2 is not operating, the heat of the heat storage device 30 can be transferred to the battery 2 through hydrogen, the heat of the heat storage device 30 can be transferred to the battery 2 through water, or the heat of the heat storage device 30 can be transferred to the battery 2 through both hydrogen and water.

[0102] For example, when the battery 2 is not running, the second driving member 602 is started and the third driving member 603 is turned off. Driven by the second driving member 602, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 20 can flow in the second flow channel 6 and heat up after flowing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas enters the anode channel 24 to heat the battery 2.

[0103] For another example, when the battery 2 is not running, the third driving member 603 is started and the second driving member 602 is turned off. Driven by the third driving member 603, the water in the water tank 90 can flow in the second flow channel 6 and heat up after passing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas (water vapor) enters the anode channel 24 to heat the battery 2.

[0104] For another example, when the battery 2 is not running, both the second driving member 602 and the third driving member 603 are started. Driven by the second driving member 602 and the third driving member 603, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device 20 and the water in the water tank 90 can flow in the second flow channel 6, and heat up after passing through the heat storage device 30. The heated gas (water vapor and hydrogen) enters the anode channel 24 to heat the battery 2.

[0105] In some other examples, the hydrogen storage device 20 includes a plurality of first shells 201, and each first shell 201 is filled with a solid hydrogen storage medium 202. For example, Fig.12 A system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Fig.12 , multiple first shells 201 are all connected to the second flow channel 6. When the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode, the hydrogen generated by the battery 2 will be discharged from the anode channel 24 to the first flow channel 5. The hydrogen in the first flow channel 5 is separated into gas and liquid in the gas-liquid separator 40 after heat exchange with the heat storage medium 302, and then enters the second channel and is stored in the multiple first shells 201.

[0106] Reference Fig.12 When the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, in order for the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in the multiple first shells 201 to release hydrogen smoothly, the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 in each first shell 201 can exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. For example, the first part 501 of the heat exchange tube 50 is wound outside the multiple first shells 201 (or located inside the multiple first shells 201), and the second part 502 of the heat exchange tube 50 is located inside the second shell 301. Under the drive of the first driving member 601, the heat of the heat storage device 30 is transferred to the multiple first shells 201, and the solid hydrogen storage medium 202 is heated by this.

[0107] When the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode or the electrolysis mode, in addition to absorbing the heat of the gas discharged from the anode channel 24, the heat storage device 30 also absorbs the heat of the gas discharged from the cathode channel 25 in some examples. For example, the gas discharged from the cathode channel 25 can also exchange heat with the heat storage medium 302. When the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC), and the discharge process of the battery 2 is exothermic. The gas discharged from the cathode channel 25 can also take out part of the heat of the battery 2; for another example, when the battery 2 is in the electrolysis mode, the battery 2 acts as a solid oxide water electrolysis cell (SOEC), and part of the excess heat generated by the battery 2 will be taken out of the battery 2 through the gas discharged from the anode channel 24, and part of the gas discharged from the cathode channel 25 will be taken out of the battery 2. Among them, the gas discharged from the anode channel 24 and the cathode channel 25 both store heat in the heat storage device 30 by heat exchange.

[0108] That is, the heat storage medium 302 exchanges heat with both the gas discharged from the anode channel 24 and the gas discharged from the cathode channel 25, so that the heat storage device 30 obtains and stores more heat. In this way, the utilization rate of the heat of the battery 2 will be higher. When the battery 2 stops running, the heat storage device 30 can provide heat and insulation for the battery 2 for a longer period of time.

[0109] The cathode channel 25 can exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 in any suitable manner. In one example, Fig.13 A system diagram of another energy storage device 100 is shown as an example. Fig.13 , the energy storage device 100 also includes a third flow channel 7 and a fifth flow channel 9, for example, at least a portion of the third flow channel 7 is formed in the pipe 4, and at least a portion of the fifth flow channel 9 is formed in the pipe 4. The outlet of the cathode channel 25 is connected to the third flow channel 7, and the inlet of the cathode channel 25 is connected to the fifth flow channel 9. The energy storage device 100 also includes a fourth driving member 604, which is connected to the fifth flow channel 9 (or the third flow channel 7). The fourth driving member 604 (for example, an air pump) is used to drive the gas in the cathode channel 25 into the third flow channel 7, wherein the hollow arrow on the third flow channel 7 indicates the flow direction of the gas. A portion of the third flow channel 7 is located in the second shell 301, so that the portion of the third flow channel 7 located in the second shell 301 exchanges heat with the heat storage medium 302, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. When the battery 2 is in the fuel cell mode or the electrolysis mode, the heat storage medium 302 is heated by the gas in the third flow channel 7 (the gas discharged into the third flow channel 7 by the cathode channel 25), so that more heat of the battery 2 can be stored in the heat storage device 30.

[0110] The fourth driving member 604 may be located in the cabinet 1 (the structure of the cabinet 1 is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ), the fourth driving member 604 may also be located outside the cabinet 1, and the present application does not impose any specific limitation on this.

[0111] In some other examples, the third flow channel 7 can exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 through a heat exchange device, and in this example, if the first flow channel 5 also needs to exchange heat with the heat storage device 30 through a heat exchange device, the first flow channel 5 and the third flow channel 7 can share the heat exchange device.

[0112] In some examples, the gas in the cathode channel 25 may be air. When the battery 2 needs to consume the oxygen in the cathode channel 25 , the oxygen comes from the air in the cathode channel 25 .

[0113] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 can monitor the working mode of the battery 2 (e.g., electrolysis mode, fuel cell mode), various parameters of the battery 2 (e.g., voltage, current, temperature, etc. of the battery 2), or various parameters of the gas in the pipeline 4 (e.g., flow, pressure, temperature, etc. of the gas in the pipeline 4), and use this to determine the state of the battery 2 and control the heat exchange between the battery 2 and the heat storage device 30. For example, when the energy storage device 100 is in the second state, the heat storage device 30 will provide heat according to the temperature feedback from the battery 2 and the pipeline 4.

[0114] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 of the present application can replace a generator. For example, the energy storage device 100 can be used in a diesel power generation scenario; for another example, the energy storage device 100 can be used as a backup power supply for a data center; for another example, the energy storage device 100 can be used as a backup power supply for a base station.

[0115] In some examples, the energy storage device 100 of the present application can be used as a power source for chemical parks with large heat demand or sufficient waste heat, wherein the heat storage device 30 can be connected to the heat demand device or waste heat generating device of the chemical park.

[0116] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the present technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, which should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy storage device, characterized in that: include: A battery, wherein the battery is a solid oxide battery, the battery comprises an anode layer, an electrolyte layer and a cathode layer, the electrolyte layer is located between the anode layer and the cathode layer, the battery further comprises an anode channel and a cathode channel, the anode channel is used to guide internal gas to the anode layer, and the cathode channel is used to guide internal gas to the cathode layer; a first flow channel, the first flow channel being in communication with an outlet of the anode channel; A hydrogen storage device, the hydrogen storage device comprising a first shell and a solid hydrogen storage medium, the solid hydrogen storage medium is located in the first shell, and the solid hydrogen storage medium is used to store hydrogen; A heat storage device, the heat storage device comprising a second shell and a heat storage medium, the heat storage medium being located in the second shell; The second shell is connected to the first flow channel, and the heat storage medium in the second shell exchanges heat with a portion of the first flow channel; The second shell is connected to the first shell, and the heat storage medium in the second shell exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium in the first shell.

2. The energy storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first shell is in communication with an inlet of the anode channel.

3. The energy storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The energy storage device also includes: A gas-liquid separator, the gas-liquid separator is used to separate gas and liquid, the first flow channel connects the outlet of the anode channel with the gas-liquid separator; The second flow channel is connected to the gas-liquid separator and the inlet of the anode channel, and the first shell is connected to the second flow channel.

4. The energy storage device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The second flow channel exchanges heat with the heat storage medium, and a position of the second flow channel for communicating with the first shell is located upstream of a portion of the second flow channel for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium.

5. The energy storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The portion of the second flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

6. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The energy storage device also includes a heat exchange tube, which includes a first part, a second part and a heat exchange medium. The first part and the second part are connected, and the heat exchange medium is located in the first part and the second part. The first part is wound outside the first shell or located in the first shell, and the second part is located in the second shell. The heat storage medium and the solid hydrogen storage medium exchange heat through the heat exchange tube.

7. The energy storage device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The energy storage device further includes a first driving member, and the first driving member is used to drive the heat exchange medium to circulate between the first part and the second part.

8. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The energy storage device further includes a third flow channel, the outlet of the cathode channel is in communication with the third flow channel, and a portion of the third flow channel is used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium.

9. The energy storage device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The portion of the third flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

10. The energy storage device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The portion of the first flow channel used for exchanging heat with the heat storage medium is located in the second shell.

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