Comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device

Abstract

A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device disclosed by the present invention comprises a lithium battery box, the interior of the lithium battery box is divided into a battery cavity and a storage cavity through a partition plate, a lithium battery is installed in the battery cavity, and a strain gauge and a patch temperature sensor are pasted on the lithium battery. A sleeve and a carbon dioxide storage tank are fixed in the containing cavity, a smoke sensor, a combustible gas sensor and an exhaust fan are installed in the sleeve, the sleeve communicates with a first gas pipe, the carbon dioxide storage tank communicates with a second gas pipe, the first gas pipe and the second gas pipe communicate with the same third gas pipe, and the third gas pipe communicates with a main pipe. And the main pipe is fixed in the battery cavity and is communicated with an air guide pipe. According to the invention, various conditions of the lithium battery in the early stage of thermal runaway can be detected in multiple directions, the accuracy is good, and a good reference can be provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lithium battery fire safety technology, and in particular to a comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device. Background Art

[0002] During the use of lithium batteries, the internal temperature of the battery rises due to external heating, overcharging, over-discharging, high-current charging, external short circuit, puncture, extrusion, etc., and the diaphragm dissolves, resulting in internal short circuits, triggering various internal chain chemical reactions. The heat generation rate inside the battery is much greater than the heat dissipation rate of the battery, and the battery eventually goes into thermal runaway. The main manifestations of thermal runaway of lithium batteries are: a sharp increase in temperature, a decrease in voltage until it reaches zero, battery bulging, the generation of flammable gas, the explosion of the safety valve, the appearance of open flames, the volatilization and release of electrolytes, and sometimes flashover explosions. The consequences of thermal runaway of lithium batteries will cause great damage to the battery box, especially high temperature will cause chain thermal runaway of surrounding batteries, resulting in the risk of burning the entire vehicle; and intervention after the battery thermal runaway is more difficult and requires more costs. The ideal intervention and prevention is before the thermal runaway occurs, so it is necessary to study the very early detection technology before the thermal runaway occurs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a comprehensive and efficient early detection device for thermal runaway of lithium batteries.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A comprehensive and efficient early detection device for thermal runaway of a lithium battery, comprising a lithium battery box, the interior of which is divided into a battery cavity and a storage cavity by a partition, a lithium battery is installed in the battery cavity, a strain gauge and a patch temperature sensor are attached to the lithium battery, a sleeve and a carbon dioxide storage tank are fixed in the storage cavity, a smoke sensor, a combustible gas sensor, and an exhaust fan are installed in the sleeve, the sleeve is connected to a first air pipe, the carbon dioxide storage tank is connected to a second air pipe, the first air pipe and the second air pipe are connected to the same third air pipe, the third air pipe is connected to a main pipe, the main pipe is fixed in the battery cavity, and the main pipe is connected to an air guide pipe.

[0006] Preferably, a first cover plate is installed on the battery cavity of the lithium battery box, and a second cover plate is installed on the storage cavity of the lithium battery box.

[0007] Preferably, a chip and a battery are installed in the storage cavity of the lithium battery box.

[0008] Preferably, an infrared temperature sensor for measuring the temperature inside the battery cavity is installed on the partition.

[0009] Preferably, an air pressure sensor is installed on the partition, and the air pressure sensor is used to measure the gas pressure in the battery cavity.

[0010] Preferably, an alarm is installed on the side of the lithium battery box.

[0011] Preferably, a first solenoid valve is installed on the pipe section of the first air pipe, and a second solenoid valve is installed on the pipe section of the second air pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the strain gauge is used to measure the deformation of the lithium battery, and the patch temperature sensor is used to measure the surface temperature of the lithium battery.

[0013] Preferably, the main pipe is a rectangular frame structure, and a plurality of the air guide pipes are provided.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. In the present invention, the strain gauge is used to measure the deformation of the lithium battery, so when the lithium battery has a bulge, it can be quickly detected, thereby effectively preventing the thermal runaway of the lithium battery in advance. The patch temperature sensor is used to measure the surface temperature of the lithium battery. By measuring the temperature close to the surface, the temperature of the lithium battery can be quickly and accurately known, which is helpful to quickly judge the condition of the lithium battery;

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the first solenoid valve is opened, the exhaust fan is used to exhaust air, and the gas in the battery cavity enters the sleeve through the air duct, the main pipe, the third air duct, and the first air duct in sequence, so that the lithium battery can be exhausted and cooled. At the same time, the gas in the battery cavity can be detected by the smoke sensor and the combustible gas sensor. The smoke sensor is used to detect whether smoke is generated, and the combustible gas sensor is used to detect whether combustible gas is generated. When fire-fighting measures need to be taken, the first solenoid valve is closed and the second solenoid valve is opened. The carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide storage tank passes through the second air duct, the third air duct, the main pipe in sequence and is ejected from the air duct, so that the inside of the battery cavity can be extinguished and cooled;

[0017] 3. In the present invention, the infrared temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature in the battery cavity, the air pressure sensor is used to measure the gas pressure in the battery cavity, and the alarm is used to give an alarm reminder when an abnormality occurs; the chip is used to control the electrical components, and the battery is used to power the electrical components to ensure independent operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of a comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the local structure;

[0020] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a sleeve of a comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device proposed by the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 This is a logic block diagram of a comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device proposed by the present invention.

[0022] In the figure: 1 battery box, 2 lithium battery, 3 partition, 4 strain gauge, 5 patch temperature sensor, 6 air duct, 7 main pipe, 8 first cover plate, 9 second cover plate, 10 carbon dioxide storage tank, 11 battery, 12 infrared temperature sensor, 13 air pressure sensor, 14 third air pipe, 15 first air pipe, 16 sleeve, 17 first solenoid valve, 18 second air pipe, 19 second solenoid valve, 20 voltage detection module, 21 current detection module, 22 alarm, 23 chip, 24 smoke sensor, 25 combustible gas sensor, 26 exhaust fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4A comprehensive and efficient early detection device for thermal runaway of lithium batteries comprises a lithium battery box 1, the interior of the lithium battery box 1 is divided into a battery cavity and a storage cavity by a partition 3, a first cover plate 8 is installed on the battery cavity of the lithium battery box 1, a second cover plate 9 is installed on the storage cavity of the lithium battery box 1, a lithium battery 2 is installed in the battery cavity, a strain gauge 4 and a patch temperature sensor 5 are attached to the lithium battery 2, the strain gauge 4 is used to measure the deformation of the lithium battery 2, so when the lithium battery 2 has a bulge, it can be quickly detected, thereby effectively preventing the thermal runaway of the lithium battery 2 in advance, and the patch temperature sensor 5 is used to measure the surface temperature of the lithium battery 2. By measuring the temperature close to the surface, it can be quickly and accurately known. The temperature of the lithium battery 2 is helpful to quickly judge the condition of the lithium battery 2. A sleeve 16 and a carbon dioxide storage tank 10 are fixed in the storage cavity. A smoke sensor 24, a combustible gas sensor 25, and an exhaust fan 26 are installed in the sleeve 16. The sleeve 16 is connected to the first air pipe 15. A first solenoid valve 17 is installed on the pipe section of the first air pipe 15. The first solenoid valve 17 is opened, and the exhaust fan 26 exhausts air. The gas in the battery cavity enters the sleeve 16 through the air guide pipe 6, the main pipe 7, the third air pipe 14, and the first air pipe 15 in turn. In this way, the lithium battery 2 can be exhausted and cooled. At the same time, the gas in the battery cavity can be detected by the smoke sensor 24 and the combustible gas sensor 25. The smoke sensor 24 is used to detect whether smoke is generated, and the combustible gas sensor 25 is used to detect whether combustible gas is generated. The carbon dioxide storage tank 10 is connected to the second air pipe 18, and the second electromagnetic valve 19 is installed on the pipe section of the second air pipe 18. When fire extinguishing measures are needed, the first electromagnetic valve 17 is closed and the second electromagnetic valve 19 is opened. The carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide storage tank 10 passes through the second air pipe 18, the third air pipe 14, the main pipe 7 and is ejected from the air guide pipe 6 in sequence, so that the inside of the battery cavity can be extinguished and cooled. The first air pipe 15 and the second air pipe 18 are connected to the same third air pipe 14, and the third air pipe 14 is connected to the main pipe 7, and the main pipe 7 is connected to the main pipe 7. Fixed in the battery cavity, the main pipe 7 is a rectangular frame structure, and several air ducts 6 are provided. The main pipe 7 is connected to the air duct 6. A chip 23 and a battery 11 are installed in the storage cavity of the lithium battery box 1. The chip 23 is used to control the electrical components, and the battery 11 is used to power the electrical components to ensure independent operation. An infrared temperature sensor 12 for measuring the temperature in the battery cavity is installed on the partition 3. The infrared temperature sensor 12 is used to measure the temperature in the battery cavity. An air pressure sensor 13 is installed on the partition 3. The air pressure sensor 13 is used to measure the gas pressure in the battery cavity. An alarm 22 is installed on the side of the lithium battery box 1. The alarm 22 gives an alarm reminder when an abnormality occurs.

[0025] Working principle: When in use, the strain gauge 4 is used to measure the deformation of the lithium battery 2, so when the lithium battery 2 has a bulge, it can be quickly detected, thereby effectively preventing the thermal runaway of the lithium battery 2 in advance. The patch temperature sensor 5 is used to measure the surface temperature of the lithium battery 2. By measuring the temperature close to the surface, the temperature of the lithium battery 2 can be quickly and accurately known, which is helpful to quickly judge the condition of the lithium battery 2; open the first solenoid valve 17, the exhaust fan 26 exhausts air, and the gas in the battery cavity enters the sleeve 16 through the air guide pipe 6, the main pipe 7, the third air pipe 14, and the first air pipe 15 in turn, so that the lithium battery 2 can be exhausted and cooled. At the same time, the gas in the battery cavity can be checked through the smoke sensor 24 and the combustible gas sensor 25. Detection, the smoke sensor 24 is used to detect whether smoke is generated, and the combustible gas sensor 25 is used to detect whether combustible gas is generated; when fire-fighting measures are needed, the first solenoid valve 17 is closed, the second solenoid valve 19 is opened, and the carbon dioxide gas in the carbon dioxide storage tank 10 passes through the second air pipe 18, the third air pipe 14, the main pipe 7 and is ejected from the air guide pipe 6 in turn, so that the inside of the battery cavity can be extinguished and cooled; the infrared temperature sensor 12 is used to measure the temperature in the battery cavity, the air pressure sensor 13 is used to measure the gas pressure in the battery cavity, and the alarm 22 is used to alarm and remind when an abnormality occurs; the chip 23 is used to control the electrical components, and the battery 11 is used to power the electrical components to ensure independent operation.

[0026] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device, comprising a lithium battery box (1), characterized in that: The interior of the lithium battery box (1) is divided into a battery chamber and a storage chamber by a partition (3). A lithium battery (2) is installed in the battery chamber. A strain gauge (4) and a patch temperature sensor (5) are attached to the lithium battery (2). A sleeve (16) and a carbon dioxide storage tank (10) are fixed in the storage chamber. A smoke sensor (24), a combustible gas sensor (25), and an exhaust fan (26) are installed in the sleeve (16). The sleeve (16) is connected to a first air pipe (15). The carbon dioxide storage tank (10) is connected to a second air pipe (18). The first air pipe (15) and the second air pipe (18) are connected to the same third air pipe (14). The third air pipe (14) is connected to a main pipe (7). The main pipe (7) is fixed in the battery chamber. The main pipe (7) is connected to an air guide pipe (6).

2. According to claim 1, a comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device is characterized in that: A first cover plate (8) is installed on the battery cavity of the lithium battery box (1), and a second cover plate (9) is installed on the storage cavity of the lithium battery box (1).

3. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A chip (23) and a storage battery (11) are installed in the storage cavity of the lithium battery box (1).

4. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An infrared temperature sensor (12) for measuring the temperature in the battery cavity is installed on the partition (3).

5. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An air pressure sensor (13) is installed on the partition (3), and the air pressure sensor (13) is used to measure the gas pressure in the battery cavity.

6. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An alarm (22) is installed on the side of the lithium battery box (1).

7. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first electromagnetic valve (17) is installed on the pipe section of the first air pipe (15), and a second electromagnetic valve (19) is installed on the pipe section of the second air pipe (18).

8. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain gauge (4) is used to measure the deformation amount of the lithium battery (2), and the patch temperature sensor (5) is used to measure the surface temperature of the lithium battery (2).

9. A comprehensive and efficient lithium battery thermal runaway early detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main pipe (7) is a rectangular frame structure, and a plurality of air guide pipes (6) are provided.

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