Standby regulation and control method and system for multi-element standby resources of power system

Abstract

The invention discloses a power system multi-element standby resource standby regulation and control method and system. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model of each standby resource based on determined standby resources; determining available spare resources based on the spare resource capacity model and the spare resource response time model; determining influence factors influencing the standby level of the standby resources, and calculating a result corresponding to each influence factor of each available standby resource based on a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model; calculating a standby level comprehensive evaluation result of each available standby resource based on the result; and sorting the reserve level comprehensive evaluation results, and regulating and controlling the available reserve resources based on a sorting result. According to the method provided by the invention, the effects of improving the calculation precision of the multi-element standby resources of the electric power system, improving the flexibility of standby regulation and control of the multi-element standby resources of the electric power system, improving the absorption capability of new energy power generation and reducing the carbon emission are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of smart grid technology, and in particular to a method and system for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of an electric power system. Background Art

[0002] The rapid development of new technologies such as renewable energy generation, different types of energy storage, random loads, and multi-energy complementarity has led to an increasing demand for flexibility in the dynamic balance of supply and demand in new power systems. New power systems have the characteristics of diversified available reserve resources and efficient reserve response. Therefore, in the dynamic balance of supply and demand in new power systems, the dynamic complementary regulation of multiple reserve resources plays a huge role. However, the existing reserve resource regulation strategy for power systems mainly targets single reserve resources, and the reserve resource calculation method and regulation scheme are solidified, which cannot meet the needs of multiple reserve resource regulation in power systems.

[0003] It can be seen that how to solve the problem that the existing backup resource calculation method and control scheme of the power system backup resource control strategy cannot adapt to the needs of power system multi-source backup resource control has become a technical problem that technical personnel in this field need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a method and system for standby control of multiple standby resources in an electric power system, so as to solve the technical problem that the standby resource calculation method and control scheme of the existing electric power system standby resource control strategy cannot adapt to the demand of multiple standby resource control of the electric power system, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the multiple standby resources of the electric power system, enhancing the flexibility of the standby control of the multiple standby resources of the electric power system, improving the absorption capacity of new energy power generation, and reducing carbon emissions.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources in a power system, the method comprising: constructing a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model of each of the backup resources based on the determined backup resources;

[0006] Determining available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model;

[0007] Determine influencing factors affecting the backup level of the backup resources, and calculate results corresponding to the influencing factors of each of the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model;

[0008] Calculate the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of each of the available reserve resources based on the result;

[0009] The comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level are ranked, and the available reserve resources are regulated based on the ranking results.

[0010] Preferably, the backup resources include: synchronous motors, pumped storage hydroelectric generator sets, interconnection line-transmittable electric energy, centralized wind power generation, centralized photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic power generation, electrochemical energy storage, gas / hydrogen energy storage and / or load backup, and the backup resource capacity model and backup resource response time model of each of the backup resources are constructed based on the determined backup resources, including:

[0011] A synchronous motor spare resource capacity model is constructed, wherein the synchronous motor spare resource capacity model is:

[0012]

[0013] Among them; P and are the upper and lower limits of the active output of thermal power units, α and are the maximum technical output obstruction rate and the minimum technical output obstruction rate, respectively. Pg is the active power output of the unit, and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for thermal power units, Δ fmax is the maximum frequency deviation allowed, Δ fd is the primary frequency modulation dead zone width, fe is the grid reference frequency, and are the primary reserve up-regulation capacity and down-regulation capacity respectively, δ is the regulation coefficient of the synchronous unit, and They are the secondary reserve up-capacity and down-capacity respectively. and They are the synchronous unit automatic power generation control climbing rate and climbing rate, T2 is the synchronous unit secondary frequency regulation response time, and They represent the upward and downward reserve capacity of synchronous motors respectively;

[0014] Construct a pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource capacity model, the pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource model is:

[0015]

[0016] in, and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of pumped storage hydropower units, P h is the active power output of the pumped storage hydropower unit, and They are the upper limit of the reserve capacity and the lower limit of the reserve capacity provided for pumped storage hydropower units. and PHThey are the upper and lower limits of active output of pumped storage hydropower units respectively;

[0017] Construct a capacity model of the backup resources of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line, and the backup resources model of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line is:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, P T is the actual transmission power of the tie line, is the upper limit of the transmission power of the tie line, ΔP T is the tie line spare capacity, δ T The adjustment coefficient for the backup of the tie line;

[0020] A centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed, wherein the centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0021]

[0022] in, The upper limit of the active power output of the wind turbine. and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for wind turbines are and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of wind turbines, δ W is the regulation coefficient of the wind turbine;

[0023] A centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed, and the centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0024]

[0025] in, is the upper limit of active output of centralized photovoltaic power generation. and The upper limit of reserve capacity and the lower limit of reserve capacity provided for centralized photovoltaic power generation are increased, and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of centralized photovoltaic power generation, δ PV is the regulation coefficient of centralized photovoltaic power generation;

[0026] Construct a distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model, the distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0027]

[0028] Among them, P PV is the actual output power of distributed photovoltaics, and are the upper and lower limits of distributed photovoltaic output power, and The reserve capacity is adjusted upward and downward for distributed photovoltaic power generation respectively;

[0029] Construct an electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model, the electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model is:

[0030]

[0031] in, Sc and Sd They are the charge and discharge status flags, 1 for operation and 0 for exit. and are the discharge and charge capacities of electrochemical energy storage, and They represent the maximum discharge capacity and maximum charge capacity of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of the primary frequency regulation of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage secondary frequency regulation respectively;

[0032] Construct a gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model, the gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model includes a startup state and a shutdown state, and the gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the startup state is:

[0033]

[0034] The gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the shutdown state is:

[0035]

[0036] in, Putting into reserve rated capacity for gas / hydrogen energy storage; is the lower limit of gas / hydrogen storage capacity, and are the upper spinning reserve capacity and lower spinning reserve capacity provided by gas / hydrogen energy storage, P HY Indicates the reserve capacity of gas / hydrogen energy storage currently in operation, μ HY Indicates the efficiency of electricity generation from gas / hydrogen energy storage;

[0037] Construct a load reserve resource capacity model, the load reserve resource capacity model includes a day-ahead net load reserve mode and a primary frequency regulation reserve mode, and the load reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the day-ahead net load reserve mode is:

[0038]

[0039] in, is the net load reserve demand capacity, and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of the load, respectively. and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of renewable energy power generation respectively;

[0040] The load standby resource capacity model corresponding to the primary frequency regulation standby mode is:

[0041]

[0042] Among them, ΔP L1 The primary frequency regulation reserve increase capacity that can be provided by the load reserve, Δf max is the maximum allowable frequency deviation, D is the damping coefficient of the demand side active power-frequency regulation characteristic, α L is the load primary frequency regulation participation ratio in period T, P L Indicates the load capacity that can be adjusted by load reserve.

[0043] Preferably, constructing a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model of each of the backup resources based on the determined backup resources includes:

[0044] Constructing a first backup resource response time model applicable to the synchronous motor, the pumped-storage hydropower unit, the centralized wind power generation, the centralized photovoltaic power generation, the distributed photovoltaic power generation, the electrochemical energy storage and the gas / hydrogen energy storage;

[0045] The expression of the first standby resource response time model is:

[0046]

[0047] in, Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to increase the backup resource response time. Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to lower the backup resource response time. represents the increased reserve capacity that can be provided by the reserve resource X, It is represented by the down-regulated reserve capacity that can be provided by the available reserve resource X, v up Adjust the average value of the reserve upward, v dn To adjust the reserve average downward;

[0048] A second standby resource response time model for transmitting electric energy through the tie line is constructed, wherein the second standby resource response time model is:

[0049] T=(3~5)τ

[0050] Where τ is the time constant of energy storage;

[0051] Construct a third standby resource response time model for the load backup, wherein the third standby resource response time model is:

[0052] T=T s +(3~5)τ

[0053] Among them, T s It is the action time of the switch involved in load reserve adjustment.

[0054] Preferably, the determining the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model includes:

[0055] Calculate the input response time of the backup resource in the same time period according to the backup resource response time model, and select the first backup resource that meets the shortest response time requirement for the power system to be put into backup according to the input response time;

[0056] The total lower limits of the backup resource capacities provided by the first backup resource in the same time period are calculated according to the backup resource capacity model, and it is determined whether the total lower limits of the backup resource capacities meet the minimum backup demand of the power system; if so, the first backup resource is used as an available backup resource; if not, the shortest response time requirement is adjusted, and the first backup resource is reselected so that the total lower limits of the backup resource capacities meet the minimum backup demand of the power system.

[0057] Preferably, the influencing factors include: idle standby investment, standby operation investment, power purchase investment, carbon emission investment and standby investment response time.

[0058] Preferably, the calculation of the result corresponding to the influencing factor of each available backup resource based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model includes:

[0059] Calculate the maximum backup that can be provided by each of the available backup resources according to the backup resource capacity model;

[0060] The result corresponding to the idle standby investment of each available standby resource is calculated according to the maximum standby available and the standby that needs to be put into operation. The calculation formula of the idle standby investment is:

[0061]

[0062] in, is the idle reserve investment of each available reserve resource X, is the unit idle reserve investment of available reserve resource X, ΔP max is the maximum backup that can be provided by the available backup resource X, ΔP X The available spare resource X needs to be put into operation;

[0063] Calculate the results corresponding to the standby operation investment, the power purchase investment, the carbon emission investment and the standby investment response time of each of the available standby resources according to the standby resources that need to be put into operation;

[0064] The calculation formula for standby operation input is:

[0065]

[0066] in, is the reserve operation investment of each available reserve resource X, The unit reserve operation investment is the available reserve resource X;

[0067] The calculation formula for power purchase investment is:

[0068]

[0069] in, is the power purchase investment of available reserve resource X, The power purchase investment required to generate unit energy storage energy using the backup resource X is: is the conversion efficiency of the electric energy of the available backup resource X into the energy storage energy;

[0070] The carbon emission input calculation formula is:

[0071]

[0072] in, represents the carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Represents the carbon emission input per unit of spare capacity that can be put into operation using spare resource X;

[0073] The calculation formula for the standby input response time is:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, T R represents the standby input response time of available standby resource X, v x Represents the power ramp rate of available backup resource X.

[0076] Preferably, the calculating of the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of each of the available reserve resources based on the result includes:

[0077] Respectively calculating the per-unit values ​​of the idle standby investment, the standby operation investment, the power purchase investment, the carbon emission investment and the standby investment response time of each of the available standby resources;

[0078] Calculating a first weight of the idle reserve input of each of the available reserve resources, wherein the first weight is set as a ratio of the idle reserve capacity of each of the available reserve resources to the required reserve capacity of the power grid system after considering the reserve margin;

[0079] Calculating a second weight of the standby operation investment of each of the available standby resources, wherein the second weight is set as a ratio of the increase of the operation investment of each of the available standby resources compared to the operation investment at the time of initial construction;

[0080] Calculating a third weight of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources, wherein the third weight is set as a ratio of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources to the annual average power purchase investment of the power grid system;

[0081] Calculating a fourth weight of the carbon emission input of each of the available spare resources, wherein the fourth weight is set as a ratio of the actual carbon emission of each of the available spare resources to the carbon emission allowed by national policies;

[0082] Calculating a fifth weight of the standby input response time of each of the available standby resources, wherein the fifth weight is set as a ratio of the standby input response time of each of the available standby resources to an upper limit of the standby input response time required by the power grid system;

[0083] A comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each of the available backup resources is calculated based on the per-unit value, the first weight, the second weight, the third weight, the fourth weight and the fifth weight.

[0084] Preferably, the calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level is:

[0085]

[0086] Among them, R x represents the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of available reserve resource X, represents the first weight of the available backup resource X, represents the second weight of the available backup resource X, represents the third weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fourth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fifth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the per-unit value of the idle reserve investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of the available reserve resource X. represents the per-unit value of the power purchase investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Indicates the per-unit value of the standby input response time of available standby resource X.

[0087] Preferably, the step of ranking the comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level and regulating the available reserve resources based on the ranking results includes:

[0088] Sorting the comprehensive evaluation results of the backup levels of the available backup resources from small to large, and setting priorities according to the sorting results;

[0089] The control strategy of the available backup resources is set according to the priority, and the control strategy is set to select the available backup resources in order from high to low according to the priority to put them into backup operation.

[0090] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a power system multi-reserve resource standby control system, which implements the above-mentioned power system multi-reserve resource standby control method, the system comprising: a model building unit, an available standby resource determination unit, an influencing factor result calculation unit, a comprehensive evaluation unit and a multi-reserve resource standby control unit;

[0091] The model building unit is used to build a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model of each of the standby resources based on the determined standby resources;

[0092] The available standby resource determination is used to determine the available standby resources based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model;

[0093] The influencing factor result calculation unit is used to determine the influencing factors that affect the standby level of the standby resources, and calculate the results corresponding to each of the influencing factors of each of the available standby resources based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model;

[0094] The comprehensive evaluation unit is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level of each of the available standby resources based on the result;

[0095] The multiple backup resource backup control unit is used to sort the backup level comprehensive evaluation results and control each of the available backup resources based on the sorting results.

[0096] The present invention provides a method and system for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system. Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are at least one of the following:

[0097] (1) In view of the diversified characteristics of reserve resources in new power systems, the types of available reserve resources in new power systems are explored, the factors affecting the reserve level of each reserve resource are analyzed, and the calculation accuracy of the diversified reserve resources of power systems is improved.

[0098] (2) Formulate a strategy for dynamic complementary regulation of the power system's multiple reserve resources according to load, improve the flexibility of the power system's multiple reserve resources, increase the ability to absorb new energy power generation, and reduce carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0099] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0100] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for determining available spare resources provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0101] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the steps of a method for calculating the comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0102] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the method steps of utilizing spare resource regulation provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0103] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a power system multi-source standby control system provided by a preferred embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0104] The following is a detailed explanation of the implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are provided only for illustrative purposes and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The accompanying drawings are only for reference and illustration purposes and do not constitute a limitation on the scope of patent protection of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second", "third", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more.

[0105] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right", "upper", "lower" and similar expressions used herein are only for illustrative purposes, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0106] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The terms used in the specification of the present invention are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0107] See also Figure 1 In an embodiment of the present invention, a method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system is provided, the method comprising:

[0108] S1. Constructing a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model of each of the backup resources based on the determined backup resources.

[0109] S2. Determine available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model.

[0110] S3. Determine the influencing factors that affect the backup level of the backup resources, and calculate the results corresponding to each of the influencing factors of each of the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model.

[0111] S4. Calculate a comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each of the available backup resources based on the result.

[0112] S5. Sort the comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level, and regulate each of the available reserve resources based on the sorting results.

[0113] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, different types of available backup resources in the new power system are excavated, and the excavated backup resources include: synchronous motors, pumped-storage hydropower units, interconnection lines that can transmit electric energy, centralized wind power generation, centralized photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic power generation, electrochemical energy storage, gas / hydrogen energy storage and / or load backup.

[0114] Furthermore, a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model are constructed for the above-mined standby resources. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the synchronous motor is a synchronous motor of a thermal power plant, and a synchronous motor standby resource capacity model is constructed. The synchronous motor standby resource capacity model is:

[0115]

[0116] Among them; P and are the upper and lower limits of the active output of thermal power units, α and are the maximum technical output obstruction rate and the minimum technical output obstruction rate, respectively. Pg is the active power output of the unit, and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for thermal power units, Δ fmax is the maximum frequency deviation allowed, Δ fd is the primary frequency modulation dead zone width, fe is the grid reference frequency, and are the primary reserve up-regulation capacity and down-regulation capacity respectively, δ is the regulation coefficient of the synchronous unit, and They are the secondary reserve up-capacity and down-capacity respectively. and They are the synchronous unit automatic power generation control climbing rate and climbing rate, T2 is the synchronous unit secondary frequency regulation response time, and They represent the upward and downward reserve capacity of the synchronous motor respectively.

[0117] Furthermore, a pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource capacity model is constructed, and the pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource model is:

[0118]

[0119] in, and They are respectively for increasing and decreasing the reserve capacity of pumped storage hydropower units. Ph is the active power output of the pumped storage hydropower unit, and They are the upper limit of the reserve capacity and the lower limit of the reserve capacity provided for pumped storage hydropower units. and PH They are respectively the upper and lower limits of active output of pumped-storage hydropower units.

[0120] Furthermore, a capacity model of the backup resource of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line is constructed. The backup resource model of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line is:

[0121]

[0122] in, PT is the actual transmission power of the tie line, is the upper limit of the transmission power of the tie line, Δ PT is the tie line spare capacity, δ T It is the adjustment coefficient for the backup of the interconnection line.

[0123] Furthermore, a centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed. The centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0124]

[0125] in, The upper limit of the active power output of the wind turbine. and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for wind turbines are and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of wind turbines, δ W is the regulation coefficient of the wind turbine.

[0126] Furthermore, a centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed. The centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0127]

[0128] in, is the upper limit of active output of centralized photovoltaic power generation. and The upper limit of reserve capacity and the lower limit of reserve capacity provided for centralized photovoltaic power generation are increased, and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of centralized photovoltaic power generation, δ PV is the regulation coefficient of centralized photovoltaic power generation.

[0129] Furthermore, a distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed. The distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is:

[0130]

[0131] Among them, P PV is the actual output power of distributed photovoltaics, and are the upper and lower limits of distributed photovoltaic output power, and The reserve capacity of distributed photovoltaic power generation is increased and decreased respectively.

[0132] Furthermore, an electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model is constructed, and the electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model is:

[0133]

[0134] in, Sc and Sd They are the charge and discharge status flags, 1 for operation and 0 for exit. and are the discharge and charge capacities of electrochemical energy storage, and They represent the maximum discharge capacity and maximum charge capacity of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of the primary frequency regulation of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage secondary frequency regulation respectively.

[0135] Furthermore, a gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model is constructed. The gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model includes the start-up state and the shutdown state. The corresponding gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model in the start-up state is:

[0136]

[0137] The corresponding gas / hydrogen energy storage backup resource capacity model in the shutdown state is:

[0138]

[0139] in, Putting into reserve rated capacity for gas / hydrogen energy storage; is the lower limit of gas / hydrogen storage capacity, and are the upper spinning reserve capacity and lower spinning reserve capacity provided by gas / hydrogen energy storage, P HY Indicates the reserve capacity of gas / hydrogen energy storage currently in operation, μ HY Indicates the efficiency of power generation from gas / hydrogen energy storage.

[0140] Furthermore, a load reserve resource capacity model is constructed. The load reserve resource capacity model includes a day-ahead net load reserve mode and a primary frequency regulation reserve mode. The corresponding load reserve resource capacity model under the day-ahead net load reserve mode is:

[0141]

[0142] in, is the net load reserve demand capacity, and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of the load, respectively. and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of renewable energy power generation respectively;

[0143] The corresponding load reserve resource capacity model under the primary frequency regulation reserve mode is:

[0144]

[0145] Among them, ΔP L1 The primary frequency regulation reserve upward capacity that can be provided by the load reserve, Δ fmax is the maximum allowable frequency deviation, D is the damping coefficient of the demand side active power-frequency regulation characteristic, α L is the load primary frequency regulation participation ratio in period T, P L Indicates the load capacity that can be adjusted by load reserve.

[0146] After the capacity model of each backup resource is constructed, the backup resource response time model of each backup resource is further constructed. The backup resource response time model for synchronous motors, pumped storage hydropower units, centralized wind power generation, centralized photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic power generation, electrochemical energy storage, and gas / hydrogen energy storage is the same model, which is set as the first backup resource response time model. The expression of the first backup resource response time model is:

[0147]

[0148] in, Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to increase the backup resource response time. Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to lower the backup resource response time. represents the increased reserve capacity that can be provided by the reserve resource X, It is represented by the down-regulated reserve capacity that can be provided by the available reserve resource X, v up Adjust the average value of the reserve upward, ν dn The average value for downward adjustment.

[0149] For the electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line as a backup resource, the corresponding backup resource response time model is the second backup resource response time model. The expression of the second backup resource response time model is:

[0150] T=(3~5)τ

[0151] Where τ is the time constant of energy storage.

[0152] For load backup, the corresponding backup resource response time model is the third backup resource response time model, and the expression of the third backup resource response time model is:

[0153] T=T s +(3~5)τ

[0154] Among them, T s It is the action time of the switch involved in load reserve adjustment.

[0155] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model of each backup resource are constructed, the available backup resources are determined based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0156] S201. Calculate the input response time of the backup resource in the same time period according to the backup resource response time model, and select the first backup resource that meets the shortest response time requirement for power system input backup according to the input response time.

[0157] S202. Calculate the total lower limits of the backup resource capacity provided by the first backup resource in the same time period according to the backup resource capacity model, and determine whether the total lower limits of the backup resource capacity meet the minimum backup demand of the power system; if so, use the first backup resource as an available backup resource; if not, adjust the shortest response time requirement, and reselect the first backup resource so that the total lower limits of the backup resource capacity meet the minimum backup demand of the power system.

[0158] Determine the backup resources that can be put into standby in the same specific time period, calculate the input response time of the backup resources that can be put into standby according to the backup resource response time model, and judge whether the input response time is less than the shortest response time requirement for the power system to be put into standby. If so, select the backup resource as the first backup resource. The first formula can be used for screening based on the shortest input response time. The first formula is:

[0159] T max <T rmin

[0160] Among them, Tmax is the longest response time among all available backup resources, T rmin It is the shortest response time requirement for the power system to be put into standby mode.

[0161] Furthermore, the selected first backup resource is further judged to enable the first backup resource to provide sufficient power support, and the sum of the lower limits of the backup resource capacity provided by the first backup resource in the same time period is calculated to determine whether the sum of the lower limits of the backup resource capacity meets the minimum backup demand of the power system. The judgment is made according to the second formula, which is:

[0162] ΣP rmin ≥αP rs

[0163] Among them, ΣP rmin The sum of the lower limits of the reserve resource capacity provided for the reserve resources that can be put into use in the same time period, P rs is the minimum reserve demand of the power system in the same time period, and α is the reserve margin multiple.

[0164] In the same time period, if the sum of the lower limits of the capacity of the backup resources provided by the first backup resource is greater than or equal to the minimum backup demand of the power system, it indicates that the first backup resource has sufficient power support capacity. If the sum of the lower limits of the capacity of the backup resources provided by the first backup resource is less than the minimum backup demand of the power system, it indicates that the first backup resource does not have sufficient power support capacity, and the shortest response time requirement is adjusted, the requirement for the response time is appropriately relaxed, and the first backup resource is reselected so that the sum of the lower limits of the capacity of the backup resources meets the minimum backup demand of the power system. In the process of selecting available backup resources, the backup resources that meet the requirements of the input response time should be determined first, and all of them should be divided into available backup resources. When the selected available backup resources cannot provide sufficient power support, the requirements for the input response time can be relaxed, and the scope of selection of available backup resources can be further expanded to provide sufficient power support in the process of backup resource regulation, and to improve the input response time of the backup resources as much as possible, thereby improving the efficiency of backup resource regulation.

[0165] Furthermore, the influencing factors affecting the reserve level of each reserve resource are explored. The factors affecting the reserve level of each reserve resource include idle reserve investment, reserve resource utilization rate, reserve operation investment, power purchase investment, power generation investment, carbon emission investment and reserve investment response time. After analysis, factors with commonality and individuality are selected as influencing factors. The influencing factors selected by the present invention include idle standby investment, reserve operation investment, power purchase investment, carbon emission investment and reserve investment response time as the influencing factors of the present invention.

[0166] After the influencing factors are determined, the results corresponding to the influencing factors of the available standby resources are calculated based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model.

[0167] First, the maximum backup that can be provided by each available backup resource is calculated according to the backup resource capacity model.

[0168] Secondly, the idle reserve investment corresponding to each available reserve resource is calculated based on the maximum reserve available and the reserve that needs to be put into operation. The calculation formula for idle reserve investment is:

[0169]

[0170] in, is the idle reserve investment of each available reserve resource X, is the unit idle reserve investment of available reserve resource X, ΔP max is the maximum backup that can be provided by the available backup resource X, ΔP X The available spare resource X needs to be put into operation.

[0171] Idle reserve investment applies to all available reserve resources. The higher the idle reserve investment, the lower the reserve operation utilization rate.

[0172] Finally, according to the reserve resources that need to be put into operation, the corresponding results of the reserve operation investment, power purchase investment, carbon emission investment and reserve investment response time of each available reserve resource are calculated;

[0173] Specifically, the calculation formula for standby operation input is:

[0174]

[0175] in, is the reserve operation investment of each available reserve resource X, is the unit reserve operation investment of available reserve resource X.

[0176] The calculation formula for power purchase investment is:

[0177]

[0178] in, is the power purchase investment of available reserve resource X, The power purchase investment required to generate unit energy storage energy using the backup resource X is: is the conversion efficiency of the electric energy of available backup resource X into storage energy.

[0179] The power purchase investment only applies to available backup resources that use the power purchase method to store electricity, such as electrochemical energy storage, gas / hydrogen energy storage, and interconnection line transmittable electricity. For available backup resources that do not use the power purchase method to store electricity, the result of the power purchase investment is 0.

[0180] The calculation formula for carbon emission input is:

[0181]

[0182] in, represents the carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Represents the carbon emission input per unit of spare capacity that can be put into operation using the spare resource X;

[0183] The calculation formula for the standby input response time is:

[0184]

[0185] Among them, T R represents the standby input response time of available standby resource X, v x Represents the power ramp rate of available backup resource X.

[0186] Furthermore, based on the results corresponding to the influencing factors of each available backup resource, the comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each available backup resource is calculated, such as Figure 3 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0187] S401, respectively calculating the per-unit values ​​of the idle standby investment, the standby operation investment, the power purchase investment, the carbon emission investment and the standby investment response time of each of the available standby resources.

[0188] S402, calculating a first weight of the idle standby input of each of the available standby resources, wherein the first weight is set as a ratio of the idle standby capacity of each of the available standby resources to the required standby capacity of the power grid system after considering the standby margin.

[0189] S403, calculating a second weight of the standby operating investment of each of the available standby resources, wherein the second weight is set to be a ratio of the increase of the operating investment of each of the available standby resources compared to the operating investment at the time of initial construction.

[0190] S404. Calculate a third weight of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources, where the third weight is set as a ratio of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources to the annual average power purchase investment of the power grid system.

[0191] S405. Calculate a fourth weight of the carbon emission input of each of the available spare resources, where the fourth weight is set as a ratio of the actual carbon emission of each of the available spare resources to the carbon emission allowed by national policies.

[0192] S406. Calculate the fifth weight of the backup input response time of each of the available backup resources, where the fifth weight is set to be the ratio of the backup input response time of each of the available backup resources to the upper limit of the backup input response time required by the power grid system.

[0193] S407. Calculate a comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each of the available backup resources according to the per-unit value, the first weight, the second weight, the third weight, the fourth weight and the fifth weight.

[0194] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, after obtaining the results corresponding to the influencing factors of each available backup resource, it is necessary to perform a total backup level evaluation on each available backup resource. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula for the comprehensive backup level evaluation result is:

[0195]

[0196] Among them, R x represents the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of available reserve resource X, represents the first weight of the available backup resource X, represents the second weight of the available backup resource X, represents the third weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fourth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fifth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the per-unit value of the idle reserve investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of the available reserve resource X. represents the per-unit value of the power purchase investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Indicates the per-unit value of the standby input response time of available standby resource X.

[0197] The standard per-unit values ​​of each influencing factor of each available reserve resource are adopted to ensure that each data is of the same order of magnitude, so as to avoid the accuracy of the comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level being affected by different orders of magnitude. The first weight of idle reserve investment is set as the ratio of the idle reserve capacity of each available reserve resource to the reserve capacity required by the power grid system after considering the reserve margin; the second weight of reserve operation investment is set as the increase ratio of the operation investment of each available reserve resource compared with the operation investment at the time of initial construction; the third weight of power purchase investment is set as the ratio of the power purchase investment of each available reserve resource to the annual average power purchase investment of the power grid system; the fourth weight of carbon emission investment is set as the ratio of the actual carbon emissions of each available reserve resource to the carbon emissions allowed by national policies; the fifth weight of reserve investment response time is set as the ratio of the reserve investment response time of each available reserve resource to the upper limit of the reserve investment response time required by the power grid system.

[0198] Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level are sorted, and the available reserve resources are regulated based on the sorting results, such as Figure 4 As shown, the following steps are included:

[0199] S501 , sort the comprehensive evaluation results of the backup levels of the available backup resources from small to large, and set priorities according to the sorting results.

[0200] S502: Setting a control strategy for the available backup resources according to the priority, wherein the control strategy is set to select the available backup resources in order from high to low priority to put into backup operation.

[0201] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically, the comprehensive evaluation results of the backup level of each available backup resource are sorted from small to large, and the higher the optimization level is, when the available backup resources are allocated, the available backup resources are selected in order from high to low priority to be put into backup operation.

[0202] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model of each backup resource are constructed based on each determined backup resource; available backup resources are determined based on each backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model; influencing factors affecting the backup level of the backup resources are determined, and the results corresponding to each influencing factor of each available backup resource are calculated based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model; a comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each available backup resource is calculated based on the result; the comprehensive evaluation results of the backup level are sorted, and the available backup resources are regulated based on the sorting results. The method for regulating and controlling the multiple backup resources of a power system provided in the present application realizes the calculation accuracy of the multiple backup resources of the power system, improves the flexibility of the multiple backup resources of the power system, improves the absorption capacity for new energy power generation, and reduces the effect of carbon emissions.

[0203] Accordingly, if Figure 5 As shown, based on a method for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of a power system, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of a power system, which implements the method for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of a power system disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention, including: a model building unit 1, an available standby resource determination unit 2, an influencing factor result calculation unit 3, a comprehensive evaluation unit 4 and a multiple standby resource standby regulation unit 5;

[0204] The model building unit 1 is used to build a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model of each backup resource based on the determined backup resources.

[0205] The available backup resource determination 2 is used to determine the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model.

[0206] The influencing factor result calculation unit 3 is used to determine the influencing factors that affect the backup level of the backup resources, and calculate the results corresponding to each of the influencing factors of each of the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model.

[0207] The comprehensive evaluation unit 4 is used to calculate a comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level of each of the available standby resources based on the result.

[0208] The multiple backup resource backup control unit 5 is used to sort the backup level comprehensive evaluation results and control each of the available backup resources based on the sorting results.

[0209] For the specific definition of a power system multi-reserve resource standby control system, please refer to the above-mentioned definition of a power system multi-reserve resource standby control method, which will not be repeated here. A person of ordinary skill in the art can appreciate that the modules and steps described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed in the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present invention.

[0210] A method and system for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of an electric power system is provided in this embodiment, and is used to solve the technical problem that the standby resource calculation method and regulation scheme of the existing standby resource regulation strategy of an electric power system cannot adapt to the demand for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of an electric power system. A standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model of each standby resource are constructed based on the determined standby resources; available standby resources are determined based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model; influencing factors affecting the standby level of standby resources are determined, and the results corresponding to the influencing factors of each available standby resource are calculated based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model; a comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level of each available standby resource is calculated based on the result; the comprehensive evaluation results of the standby level are sorted, and the available standby resources are regulated based on the sorting result. The method for regulating and controlling multiple standby resources of an electric power system provided in this application realizes the calculation accuracy of multiple standby resources of an electric power system, improves the flexibility of standby regulation and controlling of multiple standby resources of an electric power system, improves the absorption capacity for new energy power generation, and reduces the effect of carbon emissions.

[0211] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts of each embodiment can be directly referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the method embodiment. It should be noted that the technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0212] The above-mentioned embodiments only express several preferred implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present invention shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a backup resource capacity model and a backup resource response time model for each of the backup resources based on the determined backup resources; Determining available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model; Determine influencing factors affecting the backup level of the backup resources, and calculate results corresponding to the influencing factors of each of the available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model; Calculate the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of each of the available reserve resources based on the result; The comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level are ranked, and the available reserve resources are regulated based on the ranking results.

2. The method for controlling the multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The backup resources include: synchronous motors, pumped storage hydroelectric generator sets, interconnection line-transmittable electric energy, centralized wind power generation, centralized photovoltaic power generation, distributed photovoltaic power generation, electrochemical energy storage, gas / hydrogen energy storage and / or load backup. The backup resource capacity model and backup resource response time model of each of the backup resources are constructed based on the determined backup resources, including: A synchronous motor spare resource capacity model is constructed, wherein the synchronous motor spare resource capacity model is: in; P and are the upper and lower limits of active output of thermal power units, α and are the maximum technical output obstruction rate and the minimum technical output obstruction rate, P g is the active power output of the unit, and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for thermal power units, Δf max is the maximum allowable frequency deviation, Δf d is the primary frequency modulation dead zone width, f e is the grid reference frequency, and are the primary reserve up-regulation capacity and down-regulation capacity respectively, δ is the regulation coefficient of the synchronous unit, and They are the secondary reserve up-capacity and down-capacity respectively. and They are the synchronous unit automatic power generation control climbing rate and climbing rate, T2 is the synchronous unit secondary frequency regulation response time, and They represent the upward and downward reserve capacity of synchronous motors respectively; Construct a pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource capacity model, the pumped-storage hydropower unit reserve resource model is: in, and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of pumped storage hydropower units, P h is the active power output of the pumped storage hydropower unit, and They are the upper limit of the reserve capacity and the lower limit of the reserve capacity provided for pumped storage hydropower units. and P H They are the upper and lower limits of active output of pumped storage hydropower units respectively; Construct a capacity model of the backup resources of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line, and the backup resources model of electric energy that can be transmitted by the tie line is: Among them, P T is the actual transmission power of the tie line, is the upper limit of the transmission power of the tie line, ΔP T is the tie line spare capacity, δ T The adjustment coefficient for the backup of the tie line; A centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is constructed, wherein the centralized wind power generation reserve resource capacity model is: in, The upper limit of the active power output of the wind turbine. and The upper limit and lower limit of reserve capacity provided for wind turbines are and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of wind turbines, δ W is the regulation coefficient of the wind turbine; Construct a centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model, the centralized photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is: in, is the upper limit of active output of centralized photovoltaic power generation. and The upper limit of reserve capacity and the lower limit of reserve capacity provided for centralized photovoltaic power generation are increased, and are the upward and downward reserve capacity of centralized photovoltaic power generation, δ PV is the regulation coefficient of centralized photovoltaic power generation; Construct a distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model, the distributed photovoltaic power generation reserve resource capacity model is: Among them, P PV is the actual output power of distributed photovoltaics, and are the upper and lower limits of distributed photovoltaic output power, and The reserve capacity is adjusted upward and downward for distributed photovoltaic power generation respectively; Construct an electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model, the electrochemical energy storage reserve resource capacity model is: in, Sc and Sd They are the charge and discharge status flags, 1 for operation and 0 for exit. and are the discharge and charge capacities of electrochemical energy storage, and They represent the maximum discharge capacity and maximum charge capacity of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of the primary frequency regulation of electrochemical energy storage, and They are the upward reserve capacity and downward reserve capacity of electrochemical energy storage secondary frequency regulation respectively; Construct a gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model, the gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model includes a startup state and a shutdown state, and the gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the startup state is: The gas / hydrogen energy storage reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the shutdown state is: in, Putting into reserve rated capacity for gas / hydrogen energy storage; is the lower limit of gas / hydrogen storage capacity, and are the upper spinning reserve capacity and lower spinning reserve capacity provided by gas / hydrogen energy storage, P HY Indicates the reserve capacity of gas / hydrogen energy storage currently in operation, μ HY Indicates the efficiency of electricity generation from gas / hydrogen energy storage; Construct a load reserve resource capacity model, the load reserve resource capacity model includes a day-ahead net load reserve mode and a primary frequency regulation reserve mode, and the load reserve resource capacity model corresponding to the day-ahead net load reserve mode is: in, is the net load reserve demand capacity, and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of the load, respectively. and are the actual value and the day-ahead forecast value of the renewable energy power generation respectively; The load standby resource capacity model corresponding to the primary frequency regulation standby mode is: Among them, ΔP L1 The primary frequency regulation reserve increase capacity that can be provided by the load reserve, Δf max is the maximum allowable frequency deviation, D is the damping coefficient of the demand side active power-frequency regulation characteristic, α L is the load primary frequency regulation participation ratio in period T, P L Indicates the load capacity that can be adjusted by load reserve.

3. The method for regulating and controlling the multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of constructing a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model for each of the standby resources based on the determined standby resources includes: Constructing a first backup resource response time model applicable to the synchronous motor, the pumped-storage hydropower unit, the centralized wind power generation, the centralized photovoltaic power generation, the distributed photovoltaic power generation, the electrochemical energy storage and the gas / hydrogen energy storage; The expression of the first standby resource response time model is: in, Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to increase the backup resource response time. Indicates that the backup resource X can be used to lower the backup resource response time. represents the increased reserve capacity that can be provided by the reserve resource X, It is represented by the down-regulated reserve capacity that can be provided by the available reserve resource X, v up Adjust the average value of the reserve upward, ν dn To adjust the reserve average downward; A second standby resource response time model for transmitting electric energy through the tie line is constructed, wherein the second standby resource response time model is: T=(3~5)τ Where τ is the time constant of energy storage; Construct a third standby resource response time model for the load backup, wherein the third standby resource response time model is: T=T s +(3~5)τ Among them, T s It is the action time of the switch involved in load reserve adjustment.

4. The method for controlling the multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The determining of available backup resources based on the backup resource capacity model and the backup resource response time model includes: Calculate the input response time of the backup resource in the same time period according to the backup resource response time model, and select the first backup resource that meets the shortest response time requirement for the power system to be put into backup according to the input response time; The total lower limits of the backup resource capacities provided by the first backup resource in the same time period are calculated according to the backup resource capacity model, and it is determined whether the total lower limits of the backup resource capacities meet the minimum backup demand of the power system; if so, the first backup resource is used as an available backup resource; if not, the shortest response time requirement is adjusted, and the first backup resource is reselected so that the total lower limits of the backup resource capacities meet the minimum backup demand of the power system.

5. The method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The influencing factors include: idle standby investment, standby operation investment, power purchase investment, carbon emission investment and standby investment response time.

6. The method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculating the result corresponding to the influencing factor of each available standby resource based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model includes: Calculate the maximum backup that can be provided by each of the available backup resources according to the backup resource capacity model; The result corresponding to the idle standby investment of each available standby resource is calculated according to the maximum standby available and the standby that needs to be put into operation. The calculation formula of the idle standby investment is: in, is the idle reserve investment of each available reserve resource X, is the unit idle reserve investment of available reserve resource X, ΔP max is the maximum backup that can be provided by the available backup resource X, ΔP X The available spare resource X needs to be put into operation; Calculate the results corresponding to the standby operation investment, the power purchase investment, the carbon emission investment and the standby investment response time of each of the available standby resources according to the standby resources that need to be put into operation; The calculation formula for standby operation input is: in, is the reserve operation investment of each available reserve resource X, The unit reserve operation investment is the available reserve resource X; The calculation formula for power purchase investment is: in, is the power purchase investment of available reserve resource X, The power purchase investment required to generate unit energy storage energy using the backup resource X is: is the conversion efficiency of the electric energy of the available backup resource X into the energy storage energy; The carbon emission input calculation formula is: in, represents the carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Represents the carbon emission input per unit of spare capacity that can be put into operation using the spare resource X; The calculation formula for the standby input response time is: Among them, T R represents the standby input response time of available standby resource X, v x Represents the power ramp rate of available backup resource X.

7. The method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculating, based on the result, a comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of each of the available reserve resources comprises: Respectively calculating the per-unit values ​​of the idle standby investment, the standby operation investment, the power purchase investment, the carbon emission investment and the standby investment response time of each of the available standby resources; Calculating a first weight of the idle reserve input of each of the available reserve resources, wherein the first weight is set as a ratio of the idle reserve capacity of each of the available reserve resources to the required reserve capacity of the power grid system after considering the reserve margin; Calculating a second weight of the standby operation investment of each of the available standby resources, wherein the second weight is set as a ratio of the increase of the operation investment of each of the available standby resources compared to the operation investment at the time of initial construction; Calculating a third weight of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources, wherein the third weight is set as a ratio of the power purchase investment of each of the available backup resources to the annual average power purchase investment of the power grid system; Calculating a fourth weight of the carbon emission input of each of the available spare resources, wherein the fourth weight is set as a ratio of the actual carbon emission of each of the available spare resources to the carbon emission allowed by national policies; Calculating a fifth weight of the standby input response time of each of the available standby resources, wherein the fifth weight is set as a ratio of the standby input response time of each of the available standby resources to an upper limit of the standby input response time required by the power grid system; A comprehensive evaluation result of the backup level of each of the available backup resources is calculated based on the per-unit value, the first weight, the second weight, the third weight, the fourth weight and the fifth weight.

8. The method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level is: Among them, R x represents the comprehensive evaluation result of the reserve level of available reserve resource X, represents the first weight of the available backup resource X, represents the second weight of the available backup resource X, represents the third weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fourth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the fifth weight of the available backup resource X, represents the per-unit value of the idle reserve investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of the available reserve resource X. represents the per-unit value of the power purchase investment of the available reserve resource X, represents the per-unit value of carbon emission input of available spare resource X, Indicates the per-unit value of the standby input response time of available standby resource X.

9. The method for regulating and controlling multiple backup resources of a power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of ranking the comprehensive evaluation results of the reserve level and regulating the available reserve resources based on the ranking results includes: Sorting the comprehensive evaluation results of the backup levels of the available backup resources from small to large, and setting priorities according to the sorting results; The control strategy of the available backup resources is set according to the priority, and the control strategy is set to select the available backup resources in order from high to low according to the priority to put them into backup operation.

10. A power system multiple standby resource standby control system, implementing the power system multiple standby resource standby control method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The system comprises: a model building unit, an available standby resource determination unit, an influencing factor result calculation unit, a comprehensive evaluation unit and a multi-dimensional standby resource standby control unit; The model building unit is used to build a standby resource capacity model and a standby resource response time model of each of the standby resources based on the determined standby resources; The available standby resource determination is used to determine the available standby resources based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model; The influencing factor result calculation unit is used to determine the influencing factors that affect the standby level of the standby resources, and calculate the results corresponding to each of the influencing factors of each of the available standby resources based on the standby resource capacity model and the standby resource response time model; The comprehensive evaluation unit is used to calculate the comprehensive evaluation result of the standby level of each of the available standby resources based on the result; The multiple backup resource backup control unit is used to sort the backup level comprehensive evaluation results and control each of the available backup resources based on the sorting results.

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