Precharge Circuit and Energy Storage Power Supply

Abstract

This application relates to a pre-charge circuit and an energy storage power supply. The pre-charge circuit includes a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charge module, and a pre-charge control module that are connected in sequence. The pre-charge control module is configured to receive an input power supply and control the pre-charge path and the power supply control module in the pre-charge module to conduct according to the input power supply; the pre-charge module is configured to, when both the pre-charge path and the power supply control module are conducting, pre-charge an energy storage element through the pre-charge path by the input power supply; the power supply control module is configured to, when the power supply control module is conducting, control the power supply path in the power supply module to disconnect, and be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control the power supply path in the power supply module to conduct through the pre-charge control module; the power supply module is configured to, when the power supply path is conducting, supply power to the energy storage element through the power supply path by the input power supply. Using this pre-charge circuit can reduce the hardware cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage, and particularly to a precharge circuit and an energy storage power supply. Background Art

[0002] In the field of switching power supplies such as energy storage inverters, in application scenarios such as the input port circuit of a battery, the photovoltaic (PV) input / output circuit (high / low voltage circuit), and the inverter high-voltage bus (BUS) circuit, the precharge circuit of energy storage components plays an important role.

[0003] In the related art, the microcontroller unit (MCU) samples the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage component, and judges the voltage difference based on the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage component to realize the precharge of the energy storage component. However, this method has a high hardware cost because it requires the participation of the MCU in control.

[0004] Therefore, how to reduce the hardware cost of the precharge circuit is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a precharge circuit and an energy storage power supply that can reduce the hardware cost for the above technical problems.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides a precharge circuit, which includes a power supply module, a power supply control module, a precharge module, and a precharge control module connected in sequence. The power supply module and the precharge module are respectively connected to an energy storage component, and the precharge control module is connected to the power supply module;

[0007] The precharge control module is configured to receive an input power supply and control the precharge path in the precharge module and the power supply control module to conduct according to the input power supply;

[0008] The precharge module is configured to precharge the energy storage component through the precharge path by the input power supply when both the precharge path and the power supply control module are conducting;

[0009] The power supply control module is configured to control the power supply path in the power supply module to disconnect when the power supply control module is conducting, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to conduct through the precharge control module; the voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage component;

[0010] The power supply module is configured to supply power to the energy storage component through the power supply path by the input power supply when the power supply path is conducting.

[0011] In one embodiment, the power supply control module includes a first transistor. The gate of the first transistor is connected to the precharge path, the drain of the first transistor is connected to the precharge control module, and the source of the first transistor is grounded.

[0012] In one embodiment, the precharge path includes a second transistor. The base of the second transistor is connected to the precharge control module, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply control module, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, and the second end of the energy storage element is connected to the input power supply.

[0013] In one embodiment, the precharge module further includes a constant current unit, which is respectively connected to the precharge path and the precharge control module;

[0014] The precharge control module is further configured to control the complementary conduction of the precharge path and the constant current unit, so that when the precharge current is within a preset current range, the input power supply precharges the energy storage element through the precharge path.

[0015] In one embodiment, the constant current unit includes a third transistor. The base of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the third transistor is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor and the precharge control module, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

[0016] In one embodiment, the precharge control module includes a fourth transistor and a control power supply. The base of the fourth transistor is used to receive the input power supply, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the control power supply, and the collector of the fourth transistor is respectively connected to the precharge path and the power supply path;

[0017] The precharge control module is further configured to control the fourth transistor to be in the conducting state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the conduction of the precharge path and the power supply control module through the fourth transistor.

[0018] In one embodiment, the precharge control module further includes a fifth transistor. The gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the input power supply, the drain of the fifth transistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, and the source of the fifth transistor is grounded;

[0019] The precharge control module is further configured to control the fifth transistor to be in the conducting state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the fourth transistor to be in the conducting state through the fifth transistor.

[0020] In one embodiment, the power supply path includes a sixth transistor. The drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, the source of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the power supply control module and the precharge control module.

[0021] In one embodiment, the power supply module further includes a delay capacitor. The first end of the delay capacitor is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and the second end of the delay capacitor is grounded.

[0022] In a second aspect, the present application also provides an energy storage power supply, which includes an energy storage element and the pre-charging circuit of any one of the above.

[0023] In the above pre-charging circuit and energy storage power supply, the pre-charging circuit includes a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module, and a pre-charging control module connected in sequence. The power supply module and the pre-charging module are respectively connected to the energy storage element, and the pre-charging control module is connected to the power supply module. Among them, the pre-charging control module is used to receive an input power supply and control the pre-charging path and the power supply control module in the pre-charging module to conduct according to the input power supply; the pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the energy storage element through the pre-charging path by the input power supply when both the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are conducting; the power supply control module is used to control the power supply path in the power supply module to disconnect when the power supply control module is conducting, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to conduct through the pre-charging control module; the power supply module is used to supply power to the energy storage element through the power supply path by the input power supply when the power supply path is conducting. In this way, after the pre-charging control module receives the input power supply, the input power supply can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element through the pre-charging path. And because the voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element, further, when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than the preset voltage threshold, since the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are not both conducting, therefore, the input power supply no longer pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charging path, but the input power supply normally supplies power to the energy storage element through the power supply path. In the above pre-charging circuit, the pre-charging can be automatically started and ended without the control of the MCU, so the hardware cost of the pre-charging circuit can be reduced. Description of the Drawings

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present application or related technologies. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other related drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a pre-charging circuit in an embodiment;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a power supply control module in an embodiment;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a pre-charge path in an embodiment;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of another pre-charge path in an embodiment;

[0029] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of a constant current unit in an embodiment;

[0030] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of a pre-charge control module in an embodiment;

[0031] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a power supply module in an embodiment;

[0032] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection of a pre-charge circuit in an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection of another pre-charge circuit in an embodiment;

[0034] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the connection of another pre-charge circuit in an embodiment;

[0035] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of an energy storage power supply in an embodiment. Detailed implementation manners

[0036] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer and more understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0037] Currently, the pre-charge circuit of energy storage elements in related technologies usually adopts the following method:

[0038] (1) After power-on, first turn on the path where the pre-charge resistor is located, and the input end pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. After the pre-charge is completed, then turn off the path where the pre-charge resistor is located and enter normal operation. This method has a simple design and is usually applied to small-power and low-voltage energy storage products. However, first, this pre-charge method has no over-voltage protection, and the input voltage will directly enter the subsequent circuit through the pre-charge resistor; second, it is difficult to select the pre-charge resistor. The pre-charge resistor needs to select a resistor with impact resistance. On the one hand, when the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor is large, the pre-charge is slow. On the other hand, when the resistance value of the pre-charge resistor is small, its power needs to be large. When the power is large, the volume and cost of the pre-charge resistor are high, and it has no advantage for the scenario of multi-channel direct current (DC) input; third, there is no over-current or over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and the safety is not high.

[0039] (2) After power-on, the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is turned on first. The input terminal pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. After the path where the pre-charge resistor is located is turned on, the input terminal provides the base voltage for the triode. When the base voltage reaches the conduction condition of the triode, the triode conducts, the coil of the relay is energized, and then the relay closes, the pre-charge resistor is short-circuited, and the energy storage element completes pre-charging and enters normal operation. This method not only has a simple design but also can prevent overvoltage, and is usually applied to photovoltaic inverters and high-voltage energy storage products. However, first, this pre-charge circuit needs to use a relatively large relay, with a high cost, especially for the application scenarios designed for multi-channel output; second, the relay switch makes noise; third, the cycle life of the relay is short; fourth, it is also difficult to select the pre-charge resistor; fifth, there is no over-current or over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and the safety is not high.

[0040] (3) The MCU is used to collect the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element, and based on the bus voltage and the voltage of the energy storage element, a voltage difference judgment is made to realize the pre-charging of the energy storage element through the pre-charge resistor. This method is controlled by the MCU, which solves the problems existing in the use of relays and is usually applied to photovoltaic inverters and high-voltage energy storage products. However, first, the MCU needs to sample the voltage across the capacitor and the bus voltage for voltage difference judgment. When designing multiple channels, it requires a lot of MCU resources and a relatively high-level chip needs to be selected, resulting in a high cost; second, it is also difficult to select the pre-charge resistor between the MCU and the input terminal; third, due to the need to arrange a signal sampling circuit, the wiring difficulty of the printed circuit board (PCB) is large. Fourth, there is no over-current or over-temperature protection, which is easy to cause damage and the safety is not high.

[0041] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a better pre-charge circuit, and the pre-charge circuit of the present application will be introduced below.

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge circuit in an embodiment. As Figure 1 shown, the pre-charge circuit 100 includes a power supply module 101, a power supply control module 102, a pre-charge module 103, and a pre-charge control module 104 connected in sequence. The power supply module 101 and the pre-charge module 103 are respectively connected to the energy storage element 105, and the pre-charge control module 104 is connected to the power supply module 101.

[0043] The pre-charge control module 104 is used to receive the input power supply 106 and control the conduction of the pre-charge path 1031 in the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charge module 103 according to the input power supply 106.

[0044] Among them, the input power supply 106 is used to provide a pre-charge voltage for the pre-charge circuit 100. It can be understood that the input power supply 106 is connected to the energy storage element 105 to realize the pre-charge of the energy storage element 105 subsequently. The input power supply 106 can be set according to requirements. Exemplarily, the input power supply 106 can be a DC input power supply. The energy storage element 105 includes but is not limited to a capacitor.

[0045] The pre-charge module 103 includes a pre-charge path 1031. The pre-charge path 1031 can be realized through corresponding switching elements. Among them, the switching elements include but are not limited to insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBTs), metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), relays, diodes, or other mechanical switches. For example, when the switching element in the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, and when the switching element in the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off, the pre-charge path 1031 is disconnected.

[0046] Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can detect the input current or input voltage of the input power supply 106, and control the switching element in the pre-charge path 1031 to turn on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold. For example, when the pre-charge circuit is applied in a photovoltaic input scenario, it can avoid the pre-charge power supply operation under weak voltage of the photovoltaic input. Also, for example, by controlling the switching element in the pre-charge path 1031 to turn on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold, an under-voltage protection function can be achieved.

[0047] Further optionally, the power supply control module 102 can also include corresponding switching elements, and when the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the switching elements in the power supply control module 102 can also be turned on accordingly.

[0048] In some embodiments, optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can also be connected to the power supply control module 102. In this way, the pre-charge control module 104 can directly control the pre-charge path 1031 in the pre-charge module 103 and the power supply control module 102 to turn on when the input current or input voltage is greater than a preset input threshold.

[0049] Furthermore, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the pre-charge path 1031 in the pre-charge module 103 and the power supply control module 102 to turn on according to the input power supply 106.

[0050] The pre-charge module 103 is configured to pre-charge the energy storage element 105 from the input power supply 106 through the pre-charge path 1031 when both the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on.

[0051] Further, when both the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on, since the pre-charge path 1031 is already turned on, the input power supply 106 can pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031. It can be understood that during the process of pre-charging the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031, the voltage of the energy storage element 105 will gradually increase.

[0052] The power supply control module 102 is configured to control the disconnection of the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 when the power supply control module 102 is turned on; and to be in the off state when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the conduction of the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 through the pre-charge control module 104.

[0053] Wherein, the power supply module 101 includes a power supply path 1011. Similarly, the power supply path 1011 can also be implemented through corresponding switching elements. For example, when the switching element in the power supply path 1011 is turned on, the power supply path 1011 is turned on, and when the switching element in the power supply path 1011 is turned off, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off. Furthermore, when the power supply control module 102 is turned on, the power supply control module 102 can control the switching element in the power supply path 1011 to be turned off to disconnect the power supply path 1011.

[0054] In other words, after the pre-charge control module 104 receives the input power supply 106, the pre-charge path 1031 in the pre-charge module 103 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on. On the one hand, the conduction of the power supply control module 102 causes the disconnection of the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101. On the other hand, when both the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are turned on, the input power supply 106 can pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031.

[0055] Further, the power supply control module 102 can receive a corresponding voltage, and the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element 105. That is, the larger the voltage of the energy storage element 105, the smaller the voltage received by the power supply control module 102. Thus, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, it also indicates that the voltage of the energy storage element 105 has reached a certain pre-charge voltage value, and thus the pre-charge of the energy storage element 105 can be ended. The preset voltage threshold can be set according to actual needs, and this embodiment does not limit it.

[0056] Moreover, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, the power supply control module 102 will be in an off state. It can be understood that after the pre-charge control module 104 receives the input power supply 106, the input power supply 106 can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031. As the voltage of the energy storage element 105 reaches a certain pre-charge voltage value, the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 will be less than the preset voltage threshold, and then the power supply control module 102 disconnects. And since the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are not both conducting, the input power supply 106 will no longer pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031, thus stopping the pre-charge.

[0057] Furthermore, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, the power supply control module 102 will also control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to conduct through the pre-charge control module 104. Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the power supply path 1011 to conduct by controlling the switching element in the power supply path 1011.

[0058] The power supply module 101 is used to supply power to the energy storage element 105 by the input power supply 106 through the power supply path 1011 when the power supply path 1011 is conducting. That is, when the power supply path 1011 is conducting, on the one hand, the pre-charge of the energy storage element 105 stops, and on the other hand, the input power supply 106 will supply power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011.

[0059] The above-mentioned pre-charge circuit 100 includes a power supply module 101, a power supply control module 102, a pre-charge module 103, and a pre-charge control module 104 that are connected in sequence. The power supply module 101 and the pre-charge module 103 are respectively connected to an energy storage element 105, and the pre-charge control module 104 is connected to the power supply module 101. Among them, the pre-charge control module 104 is configured to receive an input power supply 106 and control the pre-charge path 1031 in the pre-charge module 103 and the power supply control module 102 to conduct according to the input power supply 106; the pre-charge module 103 is configured to, when both the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are conducting, pre-charge the energy storage element 105 with the input power supply 106 through the pre-charge path 1031; the power supply control module 102 is configured to, when the power supply control module 102 is conducting, control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to disconnect, and be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, and control the power supply path 1011 in the power supply module 101 to conduct through the pre-charge control module 104; the power supply module 101 is configured to, when the power supply path 1011 is conducting, supply power to the energy storage element 105 with the input power supply 106 through the power supply path 1011. In this way, after the pre-charge control module 104 receives the input power supply 106, the input power supply 106 can automatically pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031. And, since the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element 105, furthermore, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than the preset voltage threshold, since the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 are not both conducting, therefore, the input power supply 106 no longer pre-charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031, but the input power supply 106 normally supplies power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011. In the above-mentioned pre-charge circuit 100, the pre-charge can be automatically started and ended without the control of an MCU, so the hardware cost of the pre-charge circuit 100 can be reduced.

[0060] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a power supply control module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, optionally, the power supply control module 102 includes a first transistor 1021. The gate (Gate, G) of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge path 1031, the drain (Drain, D) of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge control module 104, and the source (Source, S) of the first transistor 1021 is grounded.

[0061] Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the state of the power supply control module 102 through the first transistor 1021. When the first transistor 1021 is in the on state, the power supply control module 102 is turned on; when the first transistor 1021 is in the off state, the power supply control module 102 is turned off.

[0062] Further optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the first transistor 1021 when the pre-charge path 1031 is in the on state.

[0063] In the above embodiment, since the power supply control module 102 includes the first transistor 1021, the gate of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge path 1031, the drain of the first transistor 1021 is connected to the pre-charge control module 104, and the source of the first transistor 1021 is grounded. In this way, after receiving the input power supply 106, the pre-charge control module 104 can turn on the power supply control module 102 in a timely and accurate manner through the first transistor 1021.

[0064] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge path in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, optionally, the pre-charge path 1031 includes a second transistor 1031a. The base (Base, B) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the pre-charge control module 104, the emitter (Emitter, E) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the power supply control module 102, the collector (Collector, C) of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, and the second end of the energy storage element 105 is connected to the input power supply 106.

[0065] Optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the state of the pre-charge path 1031 through the second transistor 1031a. When the second transistor 1031a is in the on state, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on; when the second transistor 1031a is in the off state, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off.

[0066] Further optionally, the second transistor 1031a is used to control the state of the power supply control module 102. When the second transistor 1031a is in the on state, the power supply control module 102 is turned on; when the second transistor 1031a is in the off state, the power supply control module 102 is turned off.

[0067] In the above embodiments, the pre-charge path 1031 includes a second transistor 1031a. Since the base of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the pre-charge control module 104, the emitter of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the power supply control module 102, and the collector of the second transistor 1031a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, and the second end of the energy storage element 105 is connected to the input power supply 106. Therefore, the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 can be turned on in a timely and accurate manner through the second transistor 1031a.

[0068] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of another pre-charge path in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, optionally, the pre-charge module 103 further includes a constant current unit 1032, and the constant current unit 1032 is respectively connected to the pre-charge path 1031 and the pre-charge control module 104.

[0069] Among them, the pre-charge control module 104 is further configured to control the complementary conduction of the pre-charge path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032, so that when the pre-charge current is within a preset current range, the input power supply 106 pre-charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031.

[0070] In other words, when the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the constant current unit 1032 is turned off; when the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off, the constant current unit 1032 is turned on. Optionally, complementary transistors can be respectively arranged in the pre-charge path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032 to achieve complementary conduction. For example, the pre-charge path 1031 includes an NPN transistor, and the constant current unit 1032 includes a PNP transistor.

[0071] Furthermore, through the complementary conduction of the pre-charge path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032, when the pre-charge current is within a preset current range, the input power supply 106 can pre-charge the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031.

[0072] Among them, the pre-charge current refers to the current flowing through the energy storage element 105 during the pre-charge process. For example, the preset current range may include a first preset value and a second preset value. The first preset value is the lower limit of the preset current range, and the second preset value is the upper limit of the preset current range. When the pre-charge current is lower than the first preset value, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned on, the constant current unit 1032 is turned off, and the input power supply 106 charges the energy storage element 105 through the pre-charge path 1031, and the pre-charge current gradually rises. When the pre-charge current reaches the second preset value, the pre-charge path 1031 is turned off, the constant current unit 1032 is turned on, and the pre-charge current drops. In this way, the pre-charge current can be within the preset current range.

[0073] In the above embodiments, since the pre-charging module 103 further includes a constant current unit 1032, the constant current unit 1032 is respectively connected to the pre-charging path 1031 and the pre-charging control module 104, and the pre-charging control module 104 is further configured to control the complementary conduction of the pre-charging path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032, so that when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range, the energy storage element 105 is pre-charged by the input power supply 106 through the pre-charging path 1031. Therefore, constant current pre-charging can be achieved through the constant current unit 1032, improving the safety and reliability of pre-charging the energy storage element 105.

[0074] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a constant current unit in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, optionally, the constant current unit 1032 includes a third transistor 1032a. The base of the third transistor 1032a is connected to the emitter of the second transistor 1031a. The collector of the third transistor 1032a is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor 1031a and the pre-charging control module 104. The emitter of the third transistor 1032a is grounded.

[0075] Optionally, after receiving the input power supply 106, the pre-charging control module 104 controls the second transistor 1031a to conduct according to the input power supply 106. Since the second transistor 1031a conducts, the potential of the base of the third transistor 1032a rises, and then the third transistor 1032a also conducts. The conduction of the third transistor 1032a causes the second transistor 1031a to cut off. After the second transistor 1031a cuts off, the third transistor 1032a also cuts off due to the decrease in the potential of its base. Under the action of the input power supply 106, the second transistor 1031a will continue to conduct after the third transistor 1032a cuts off. Repeating like this, the complementary conduction of the pre-charging path 1031 and the constant current unit 1032 is achieved when the second transistor 1031a and the third transistor 1032a are complementary-conducted.

[0076] Further optionally, when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, the third transistor 1032a is in a cut-off state.

[0077] In the above embodiments, since the constant current unit 1032 includes a third transistor 1032a, the base of the third transistor 1032a is connected to the emitter of the second transistor 1031a, the collector of the third transistor 1032a is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor 1031a and the pre-charging control module 104, and the emitter of the third transistor 1032a is grounded, complementary conduction can be achieved through the second transistor 1031a and the third transistor 1032a, thereby realizing constant current pre-charging.

[0078] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a pre-charge control module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 includes a fourth transistor 1041 and a control power supply 1042. The base of the fourth transistor 1041 is used to receive the input power supply 106. The emitter of the fourth transistor 1041 is connected to the control power supply 1042. The collector of the fourth transistor 1041 is respectively connected to the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply path 1011. Among them, the control power supply 1042 can be set according to actual needs, such as a 5-volt (V) power supply.

[0079] The pre-charge control module 104 is further configured to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041. In other words, after the pre-charge control module 104 receives the input power supply 106, under the action of the input power supply 106, it can control the fourth transistor 1041 to be turned on. Furthermore, when the fourth transistor 1041 is in an on state, the control power supply 1042 can control the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0080] Furthermore, when the power supply control module 102 is turned on, the power supply path 1011 is disconnected. And when the voltage received by the power supply control module 102 is less than a preset voltage threshold, the power supply path 1011 can be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041 and the control power supply 1042.

[0081] In the above embodiment, since the pre-charge control module 104 includes a fourth transistor 1041 and a control power supply 1042, the base of the fourth transistor 1041 is used to receive the input power supply 106, the emitter of the fourth transistor 1041 is connected to the control power supply 1042, and the collector of the fourth transistor 1041 is respectively connected to the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply path 1011, therefore, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to be turned on through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0082] Please continue to refer to Figure 6 , in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the pre-charge control module 104 further includes a fifth transistor 1043. The gate of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the input power supply 106. The drain of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor 1041. The source of the fifth transistor 1043 is grounded.

[0083] Among them, the pre-charge control module 104 is further configured to control the fifth transistor 1043 to be in a conducting state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in a conducting state through the fifth transistor 1043.

[0084] In other words, after receiving the input power supply 106, the pre-charge control module 104 first controls the fifth transistor 1043 to conduct through the input power supply 106. The fifth transistor 1043 raises the base potential of the fourth transistor 1041, so that the fourth transistor 1041 conducts following the fifth transistor 1043. Furthermore, the control power supply 1042 controls the pre-charge path 1031 and the power supply control module 102 to conduct through the fourth transistor 1041.

[0085] In the above embodiment, since the pre-charge control module 104 further includes a fifth transistor 1043, the gate of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the input power supply 106, the drain of the fifth transistor 1043 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor 1041, and the source of the fifth transistor 1043 is grounded. Therefore, the pre-charge control module 104 can control the fifth transistor 1043 to be in a conducting state when receiving the input power supply 106, so as to control the fourth transistor 1041 to be in a conducting state through the fifth transistor 1043.

[0086] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a power supply module in an embodiment. In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, optionally, the power supply path 1011 includes a sixth transistor 1011a. The drain of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, the source of the sixth transistor 1011a is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to both the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charge control module 104.

[0087] That is to say, the state of the power supply path 1011 can be controlled through the sixth transistor 1011a. When the sixth transistor 1011a is in a conducting state, the power supply path 1011 conducts, and the input power supply 106 supplies power to the energy storage element 105 through the power supply path 1011. When the sixth transistor 1011a is in a cut-off state, the power supply path 1011 is disconnected.

[0088] In the above embodiment, since the power supply module 101 includes a sixth transistor 1011a, the drain of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 105, the source of the sixth transistor 1011a is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a is connected to both the power supply control module 102 and the pre-charge control module 104. Therefore, the disconnection or conduction of the power supply path 1011 can be efficiently controlled through the sixth transistor 1011a.

[0089] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 , in an exemplary embodiment, optionally, the power supply module 101 further includes a delay capacitor 1012. The first end of the delay capacitor 1012 is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a, and the second end of the delay capacitor 1012 is grounded.

[0090] In the above embodiment, since the power supply module 101 further includes a delay capacitor 1012, the first end of the delay capacitor 1012 is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor 1011a, and the second end of the delay capacitor 1012 is grounded. Therefore, due to the delay capacitor 1012, under the action of the input power supply 106, the pre-charge path 1031 can be turned on prior to the power supply path 1011, and thus the energy storage element 105 can be pre-charged first.

[0091] To more clearly introduce the pre-charge circuit 100 of the present application, the following is described in conjunction with Figure 8 and Figure 9 for illustration. Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic connection diagram of a pre-charge circuit in an embodiment. As shown in Figure 8 , Vdc-in represents the input power supply 106. The energy storage element 105 includes capacitors CE1, CE2, CE3, and CE4. The capacitors CE1 to CE4 can be capacitors on the bus. Q6 represents the first transistor 1021, Q2 represents the second transistor 1031a, Q5 represents the third transistor 1032a, Q1 represents the fourth transistor 1041, Q4 represents the fifth transistor 1043, and Q3 represents the sixth transistor 1011a. C1 represents the delay capacitor 1012. VCC represents the control power supply 1042.

[0092] Among them, the first ends of the capacitors CE1 to CE4 are both connected to the drain of Q3 and the collector of Q2, and the second ends of the capacitors CE1 to CE4 are all connected to Vdc-in. Vdc-in is also connected to the gate of Q4. The source of Q4 is grounded, and the drain of Q4 is connected to the base of Q1. The emitter of Q1 is connected to VCC, the collector of Q1 is respectively connected to the drain of Q6 and the gate of Q3, the source of Q3 is grounded, and the source of Q6 is grounded. The base of Q2 is connected to the collector of Q5, and the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5 are respectively connected to the gate of Q6. The emitter of Q5 is grounded. The first end of C1 is connected to the gate of Q3, and the second end of C1 is grounded.

[0093] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 , optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charge circuit further includes a diode D1 and / or a diode D2. The positive electrode of the diode D1 is connected to the collector of Q1, and the negative electrode of the diode D1 is respectively connected to the gate of Q3 and the drain of Q6. The positive electrode of the diode D2 is connected to the collector of Q1, and the negative electrode of the diode D2 is connected to the drain of Q6.

[0094] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charge circuit may further include at least one of the following resistors:

[0095] (1) Resistor R1; the first end of resistor R1 is connected to the first ends of capacitors CE1 to CE4, and the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the second ends of capacitors CE1 to CE4. (2) Resistor R2; the second end of resistor R1 is connected to the second ends of capacitors CE1 to CE4 through resistor R2. (3) Resistor R3; resistor R3 is disposed between the collector of diode D1 and Q1. (4) Resistor R4; resistor R4 is disposed between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (5) Resistor R5; resistor R5 is disposed between the collector of Q1 and the base of Q2. (6) Resistor R6; resistor R6 is disposed between the base of Q2 and the collector of Q1. (7) Resistor R7; resistor R7 is disposed between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (8) Resistor R8; resistor R8 is disposed between the base of Q1 and the drain of Q4. (9) Resistor R9; resistor R9 is disposed between the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5. (10) Resistor R10, resistor R10 is disposed between Vdc-in and the gate of Q4. (11) Resistor R11; resistor R11 is disposed between the first end of C1 and the gate of Q3. (12) Resistor R12; resistor R12 is disposed between the emitter of Q2 and the base of Q5. (13) Resistor R13; the first end of resistor R13 is connected to the gate of Q3, and the second end of resistor R13 is grounded. (14) Resistor R14; the first end of resistor R14 is disposed between resistor R9 and resistor R12, and the second end of resistor R14 is grounded. (15) Resistor R15; the first end of resistor R15 is connected to the gate of Q4, and the second end of resistor R15 is grounded.

[0096] Among them, R9 and R14 are the resistors for pre-charging. Optionally, the selection of R14 can be determined according to the pre-charge current and the parameters of Q5. Exemplarily, if the pre-charge current is 50 milliamperes (mA), the selection of R14 is Vbe of Q5 / 50 mA. Wherein, Vbe represents the voltage between the emitter and the base of Q5.

[0097] Optionally, in some embodiments, the pre-charge circuit may further include capacitor C2, the first end of capacitor C2 is connected to the gate of Q4, and the second end of capacitor C2 is grounded.

[0098] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 , when Vdc-in is connected, Vdc-in is divided by R4, R7, R10, and R15. When the conduction preset value of Q4 is reached, Q4 is controlled to conduct, and then Q1 is controlled to conduct when Q4 conducts.

[0099] After Q1 is turned on, VCC controls Q2 to turn on through Q1. When Q2 is turned on, due to the setting of C1, on the one hand, capacitors CE1 to CE4 are pre-charged through Q2, R9, and R14; on the other hand, the electrical energy transmitted after Q2 is turned on will also control Q6 to turn on, thereby pulling down the potential of the gate of Q3 to control Q3 to be in the cut-off state.

[0100] Moreover, when Q2 is turned on, the potential of pin 2 of Q2 reaches the conduction preset value of Q5 through voltage division by R9 and R14, and then controls Q5 to turn on. The conduction of Q5 will cause Q2 to turn off. Further, when Q2 is in the cut-off state, the potential of the base of Q5 drops. When it drops below the conduction preset value of Q5, Q5 is in the cut-off state. And when Q5 is in the cut-off state, Q2 will continue to turn on, and so on until the voltages of capacitors CE1 to CE4 are charged to a certain pre-charge voltage value to achieve the constant current pre-charge effect.

[0101] Furthermore, during the process of pre-charging capacitors CE1 to CE4, the voltages of capacitors CE1 to CE4 will continue to rise, causing the potentials of the collector and emitter of Q2 to both drop. That is to say, the potential of pin 2 of Q2 will continue to drop. When the potential of pin 2 of Q2 is less than the preset voltage threshold, that is, when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than the preset voltage threshold, the pre-charging of capacitors CE1 to CE4 ends. At this time, since the voltage of pin 2 of Q2 drops below the conduction preset values of Q6 and Q5, both Q5 and Q6 will be in the cut-off state.

[0102] When Q6 is in the cut-off state, VCC will supply power to the gate of Q3 through Q1 to make Q3 turn on, so that capacitors CE1 to CE4 are normally powered.

[0103] It should be noted that the above-mentioned conduction preset value can be flexibly adjusted by setting resistors.

[0104] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the connection of another pre-charge circuit in an embodiment. Based on the pre-charge circuit 100 shown in Figure 8 Optionally, the pre-charge circuit 100 may further include a capacitor C3. The first end of the capacitor C3 is arranged between the emitter of Q2 and the gate of Q6, and the second end of the capacitor C3 is grounded. Due to the setting of the capacitor C3, Q6 can be reliably turned on through the capacitor C3.

[0105] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the connection of another pre-charge circuit in an embodiment. In some embodiments, in Figure 8 or Figure 9Based on this, optionally, the pre-charge circuit 100 may further include a transistor Q7 and a voltage regulator diode DZ1. The base of the transistor Q7 is connected to the positive electrode of the voltage regulator diode DZ1. The emitter of the transistor Q7 is grounded, and the collector of the transistor is connected to the gate of Q4. The negative electrode of the voltage regulator diode DZ1 is connected to Vdc-in.

[0106] In this way, if the input voltage corresponding to Vdc-in exceeds a certain input voltage threshold, the voltage regulator diode DZ1 will be reversely broken down, and the transistor Q7 will be controlled to be in the conducting state, so as to control Q4 to be in the cut-off state through the transistor Q7, thereby realizing the over-voltage protection function of the pre-charge circuit 100.

[0107] Further optionally, the pre-charge circuit 100 may further include a resistor R16. The first end of the resistor R16 is connected to the emitter of the transistor Q7, and the second end of the resistor R16 is connected to the base of the transistor Q7.

[0108] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of an energy storage power supply in an embodiment, as Figure 11 shown. In an embodiment, an energy storage power supply 1100 is further provided. The energy storage power supply 1100 includes an energy storage element 105 and the pre-charge circuit 100 described in any one of the above.

[0109] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile memory and volatile memory. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc. The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processing units, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, artificial intelligence (AI) processors, etc., without limitation.

[0110] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in the present application.

[0111] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present application. The description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the patent scope of the present application. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A precharge circuit, characterized in that: The pre-charging circuit comprises a power supply module, a power supply control module, a pre-charging module and a pre-charging control module which are connected in sequence, and the power supply module and the pre-charging module are respectively connected to an energy storage element, and the pre-charging control module is connected to the power supply module; The pre-charging control module is used to receive input power and control the pre-charging path in the pre-charging module and the power supply control module to be turned on according to the input power; The pre-charging module is used to pre-charge the energy storage element by the input power through the pre-charging path when the pre-charging path and the power supply control module are both turned on; The power supply control module is used to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be disconnected when the power supply control module is turned on, and to be in a disconnected state when the voltage received by the power supply control module is less than a preset voltage threshold, and to control the power supply path in the power supply module to be turned on through the pre-charge control module; The voltage received by the power supply control module is negatively correlated with the voltage of the energy storage element; The power supply module is used to supply power to the energy storage element from the input power source through the power supply path when the power supply path is turned on.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that The power supply control module includes a first transistor, a gate of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charging path, a drain of the first transistor is connected to the pre-charging control module, and a source of the first transistor is grounded.

3. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pre-charging path includes a second transistor, the base of the second transistor is connected to the pre-charging control module, the emitter of the second transistor is connected to the power supply control module, the collector of the second transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, and the second end of the energy storage element is connected to the input power supply.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that The pre-filling module further comprises a constant current unit, and the constant current unit is respectively connected to the pre-filling path and the pre-filling control module; The pre-charging control module is also used to control the pre-charging path and the constant current unit to be complementary conductive, so that when the pre-charging current is within a preset current range, the input power source pre-charges the energy storage element through the pre-charging path.

5. The circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that The constant current unit includes a third transistor, the base of the third transistor is connected to the emitter of the second transistor, the collector of the third transistor is respectively connected to the base of the second transistor and the pre-charge control module, and the emitter of the third transistor is grounded.

6. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The pre-charge control module includes a fourth transistor and a control power supply, the base of the fourth transistor is used to receive an input power supply, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the control power supply, and the collector of the fourth transistor is respectively connected to the pre-charge path and the power supply path; The pre-charging control module is further used to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the pre-charging path and the power supply control module to be turned on through the fourth transistor.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that The pre-charge control module further includes a fifth transistor, a gate of the fifth transistor is connected to the input power supply, a drain of the fifth transistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, and a source of the fifth transistor is grounded; The pre-charge control module is further used to control the fifth transistor to be in an on state when receiving the input power supply, so as to control the fourth transistor to be in an on state through the fifth transistor.

8. The circuit according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The power supply path includes a sixth transistor, the drain of the sixth transistor is connected to the first end of the energy storage element, the source of the sixth transistor is grounded, and the gate of the sixth transistor is respectively connected to the power supply control module and the pre-charge control module.

9. The circuit according to claim 8, characterized in that The power supply module further includes a delay capacitor, a first end of the delay capacitor is connected to the gate of the sixth transistor, and a second end of the delay capacitor is grounded.

10. An energy storage power supply, characterized in that: The energy storage power supply comprises an energy storage element and a pre-charging circuit as described in any one of claims 1-9.

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