Reverse connection prevention soft start circuit

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-reverse connection soft start circuit in the technical field of power electronics. The anti-reverse connection soft start circuit comprises a large-current plug J2, a large-current resettable fuse F1, a small-current resettable fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single chip microcomputer U1 and a voltage collector U2. A pin 1 of the J2 is connected with one end of the F1, and a pin 2 of the J2 is connected with one end of the F2 and a D pole of the Q1; one end of the R3 is connected with the other end of the F2, and the other end of the R3 is connected with the output end of the D1; after the C2 and the R2 are connected in parallel, one end is connected with the other end of the F1 and the pin BUS + of the U2, and the other end is connected with the input end of the D1, the D pole of the Q2 and the pin PGND of the U2; the S pole of the Q1 is connected with the S pole of the Q2, the R4 and the pin GND1 of the U1, and the G pole of the Q1 is connected with the G poles of the R4, the R5 and the Q2; the pin POUT of the U1 is connected with the other end of the R5, and the pin ADCBUS of the U1 is connected with the pin ADCBUS of the U2. The power supply module has the advantages that the use safety and applicability of the power supply module are greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, and in particular to an anti-reverse connection soft start circuit. Background Art

[0002] Due to the stability and uninterrupted working characteristics of the power supply of detection equipment, energy storage equipment, etc., the requirements for rapid shutdown maintenance are getting higher and higher, so there is a new demand for soft start of power modules. However, the power modules traditionally used in detection equipment and energy storage equipment do not support anti-reverse connection function and hot plug function (zero current start), resulting in certain safety hazards in the use of power modules and limited usage scenarios.

[0003] Therefore, how to provide an anti-reverse connection soft start circuit to improve the safety and applicability of the power module has become a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an anti-reverse connection soft start circuit to improve the safety and applicability of the use of a power module.

[0005] The present invention is implemented as follows: an anti-reverse connection soft start circuit includes a large current plug J2, a large current self-recovery fuse F1, a small current self-recovery fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single chip microcomputer U1 and a voltage collector U2;

[0006] Pin 1 of the high current plug J2 is connected to one end of the high current resettable fuse F1, and pin 2 is connected to one end of the low current resettable fuse F2 and the D pole of the NMOS tube Q1; one end of the cement resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the low current resettable fuse F2, and the other end is connected to the output end of the diode D1;

[0007] After the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the high current resettable fuse F1 and the pin BUS+ of the voltage collector U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the diode D1, the D pole of the NMOS tube Q2 and the pin PGND of the voltage collector U2;

[0008] The S pole of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected to the S pole of the NMOS tube Q2, one end of the resistor R4 and the pin GND1 of the microcontroller U1, and the G pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R4, one end of the resistor R5 and the G pole of the NMOS tube Q2; the pin P_OUT of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, and the pin ADC_BUS is connected to the pin ADC_BUS of the voltage collector U2.

[0009] Furthermore, it also includes a high current socket J1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1;

[0010] After the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the pin 1 of the high current socket J1, and the other end is connected to the pin 2 of the high current socket J1; the high current socket J1 is connected to the high current plug J2.

[0011] The advantages of the present invention are:

[0012] By setting up a soft start circuit including a high current plug J2, a high current resettable fuse F1, a low current resettable fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single chip computer U1, a voltage collector U2, a high current socket J1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1; fast plugging and unplugging is achieved through the high current plug J2 and the high current socket J1, and high current is supported; abnormal overcurrent protection during high current operation is achieved through the high current resettable fuse F1; and the NMOS tube Q1 is used to connect the high current plug J2 and the high current socket J1. The S poles of the S tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 are short-circuited in series to close and disconnect the negative pole for high current operation; the small current self-recovery fuse F2, cement resistor R3 and diode D1 are connected in series to provide small current connection at the moment of insertion and reverse connection cutoff protection; the microcontroller U1 monitors the voltage value at the back end through the voltage collector U2, and only when the voltage value reaches the preset voltage will the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 be turned on, ultimately realizing the reverse connection protection and hot plug function, and supporting large current, thereby greatly improving the safety and applicability of the power module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 The invention discloses a circuit diagram of a reverse connection prevention soft start circuit.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the current path at time t0 in the normal power-on state of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current path at time t0-t1 in the normal power-on state of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the current path at time t2-t1 in the normal power-on state of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the current path of the reverse connection cutoff of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application has the following overall idea: fast plugging and unplugging and supporting high current are achieved through a high-current plug J2 and a high-current socket J1; abnormal overcurrent protection during high-current operation is achieved through a high-current resettable fuse F1; the S-pole short-circuit series connection of the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 is used for closing and disconnecting the negative pole during high-current operation; a small-current resettable fuse F2, a cement resistor R3 and a diode D1 are connected in series to provide small current connection at the moment of insertion and reverse connection cutoff protection; the single-chip computer U1 monitors the voltage value at the back end through the voltage collector U2, and only when the voltage value reaches the preset voltage will the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 be turned on to improve the safety and applicability of the power module.

[0020] Please refer to Figures 1 to 5 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the anti-reverse connection soft start circuit of the present invention includes a large current plug J2, a large current self-recovery fuse F1, a small current self-recovery fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single-chip computer U1 and a voltage collector U2; the large current self-recovery fuse F1 is used for abnormal overcurrent protection during large current operation; the single-chip computer U1 monitors the voltage value of the rear end through the voltage collector U2, and only when the voltage value reaches the preset voltage will the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 be turned on;

[0021] Pin 1 of the high-current plug J2 is connected to one end of the high-current resettable fuse F1, and pin 2 is connected to one end of the low-current resettable fuse F2 and the D pole of the NMOS tube Q1; one end of the cement resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the low-current resettable fuse F2, and the other end is connected to the output end of the diode D1; the low-current resettable fuse F2, cement resistor R3 and diode D1 are connected in series to provide instantaneous low-current connection and reverse connection cutoff protection;

[0022] After the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the high current resettable fuse F1 and the pin BUS+ of the voltage collector U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the diode D1, the D pole of the NMOS tube Q2 and the pin PGND of the voltage collector U2;

[0023] The S pole of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected to the S pole of the NMOS tube Q2, one end of the resistor R4 and the pin GND1 of the single-chip computer U1, and the G pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R4, one end of the resistor R5 and the G pole of the NMOS tube Q2; the pin P_OUT of the single-chip computer U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, and the pin ADC_BUS is connected to the pin ADC_BUS of the voltage collector U2. By short-circuiting the S poles of the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 in series, the negative pole for large current operation is closed and opened.

[0024] It also includes a high current socket J1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1; the high current plug J2 and the high current socket J1 are used for fast plugging and unplugging and support high current;

[0025] After the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the pin 1 of the high current socket J1, and the other end is connected to the pin 2 of the high current socket J1; the high current socket J1 is connected to the high current plug J2.

[0026] Working principle of the present invention:

[0027] The pins 1 and 2 of the high-current plug J2 are respectively inserted into the pins 1 and 2 of the high-current socket J1 to connect the high current. The high-current self-resettable fuse F1 is turned on when the high current flows through it to charge the capacitor C2. The single-chip computer U1 collects the voltage value across the capacitor C2 through the voltage collector U2. When the voltage value reaches a preset voltage, the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 are turned on to turn on the power module.

[0028] The power consumption of the cement resistor R3, that is, the capacity of the capacitor C2, is calculated as follows:

[0029]

[0030] The soft start process of cement resistor R3 is:

[0031] When t = R3C2, V C2 =0.63V C1 ;

[0032] When t=2R3C2, V C2 =0.86V C1 ;

[0033] When t=3R3C2, V C2 =0.95V C1 ;

[0034] When t=4R3C2, V C2 =0.98V C1 ;

[0035] When t=5R3C2, V C2 =0.99V C1 ;

[0036] After 3 RC cycles, the charging process of the capacitor C2 at the rear end is basically completed.

[0037] In summary, the advantages of the present invention are:

[0038] By setting up a soft start circuit including a high current plug J2, a high current resettable fuse F1, a low current resettable fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single chip computer U1, a voltage collector U2, a high current socket J1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1; fast plugging and unplugging is achieved through the high current plug J2 and the high current socket J1, and high current is supported; abnormal overcurrent protection during high current operation is achieved through the high current resettable fuse F1; and the NMOS tube Q1 is used to connect the high current plug J2 and the high current socket J1. The S poles of the S tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 are short-circuited in series to close and disconnect the negative pole for high current operation; the small current self-recovery fuse F2, cement resistor R3 and diode D1 are connected in series to provide small current connection at the moment of insertion and reverse connection cutoff protection; the microcontroller U1 monitors the voltage value at the back end through the voltage collector U2, and only when the voltage value reaches the preset voltage will the NMOS tube Q1 and the NMOS tube Q2 be turned on, ultimately realizing the reverse connection protection and hot plug function, and supporting large current, thereby greatly improving the safety and applicability of the power module.

[0039] Although the specific implementation modes of the present invention are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that the specific implementation modes described are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Equivalent modifications and changes made by those skilled in the art in accordance with the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reverse connection protection soft start circuit, characterized in that: It includes a high current plug J2, a high current resettable fuse F1, a low current resettable fuse F2, a capacitor C2, a resistor R2, a cement resistor R3, a resistor R4, a resistor R5, a diode D1, an NMOS tube Q1, an NMOS tube Q2, a single chip computer U1 and a voltage collector U2; Pin 1 of the high current plug J2 is connected to one end of the high current resettable fuse F1, and pin 2 is connected to one end of the low current resettable fuse F2 and the D pole of the NMOS tube Q1; one end of the cement resistor R3 is connected to the other end of the low current resettable fuse F2, and the other end is connected to the output end of the diode D1; After the capacitor C2 is connected in parallel with the resistor R2, one end of the capacitor C2 is connected to the other end of the high current resettable fuse F1 and the pin BUS+ of the voltage collector U2, and the other end is connected to the input end of the diode D1, the D pole of the NMOS tube Q2 and the pin PGND of the voltage collector U2; The S pole of the NMOS tube Q1 is connected to the S pole of the NMOS tube Q2, one end of the resistor R4 and the pin GND1 of the microcontroller U1, and the G pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R4, one end of the resistor R5 and the G pole of the NMOS tube Q2; the pin P_OUT of the microcontroller U1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R5, and the pin ADC_BUS is connected to the pin ADC_BUS of the voltage collector U2.

2. The anti-reverse connection soft start circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes a high current socket J1, a resistor R1 and a capacitor C1; After the resistor R1 and the capacitor C1 are connected in parallel, one end of the resistor R1 is connected to the pin 1 of the high current socket J1, and the other end is connected to the pin 2 of the high current socket J1; the high current socket J1 is connected to the high current plug J2.

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