A friction nanogenerator based on mechanical up-conversion structure and power generation method

Abstract

The application discloses a friction nanometer power generation device and a power generation method based on a mechanical frequency raising structure, wherein the friction nanometer power generation device comprises a shell, a first friction wheel, a second friction wheel and a driving mechanism; the first friction wheel is fixed on the shell, and the second friction wheel is rotatably connected to the shell through a rotating shaft; the driving mechanism comprises a linear rack and a gear transmission mechanism; the gear transmission mechanism comprises a primary gear, a secondary gear and a tertiary gear; the primary gear is rotatably connected in the shell through a first rotating shaft; the secondary gear is installed on a second rotating shaft; and the tertiary gear is installed on the rotating shaft. The friction nanometer power generation device can convert low-frequency vibration energy into high-frequency input through the frequency raising structure, so that the output performance of the friction nanometer power generation device is improved, and the problem of insufficient output power of an ordinary friction nanometer power generator can be effectively solved, so that the continuous output of voltage and current is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of friction nano-power generation, and in particular relates to a friction nano-power generation device and a power generation method based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure. Background Art

[0002] Since the Industrial Revolution, rapid economic development has increased the demand for energy. All sectors of society are actively exploring and promoting energy innovation and transformation, such as the development and utilization of renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower. Simultaneously, promoting energy conversion and utilization efficiency through technological innovation is also an indispensable direction. Harvesting environmental vibration energy is also a research hotspot. However, environmental vibrations are generally low-frequency and random. The high resonant frequency of most vibration energy harvesters results in extremely limited vibration energy collected, making it impossible to provide sufficient power for wireless sensor nodes.

[0003] As a novel energy harvesting and self-powering technology, the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) offers a novel approach to addressing the challenges of low-frequency energy harvesting. Based on the coupling effects of mechanical interface triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction, the TENG can efficiently convert low-frequency, randomly distributed mechanical energy in the environment into electrical energy.

[0004] However, the output power of current ordinary friction nanogenerators is insufficient, making it difficult to achieve continuous output of voltage and current. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a friction nano-power generation device based on a mechanical up-conversion structure. The friction nano-power generation device can convert low-frequency vibration energy into high-frequency input through the up-conversion structure to improve the output performance of the friction nano-generator. At the same time, it also effectively solves the problem of insufficient output power of ordinary friction nano-generators and realizes continuous output of voltage and current.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is:

[0007] A friction nanometer power generation device based on a mechanical up-conversion structure includes a housing, a first friction wheel arranged in the housing, a second friction wheel, and a driving mechanism for driving the second friction wheel to rotate, wherein:

[0008] The first friction wheel is fixed to the housing; the second friction wheel is rotatably connected to the housing via a rotating shaft;

[0009] The driving mechanism includes a linear rack and a gear transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the linear rack to the second friction wheel; the gear transmission mechanism includes a first-stage gear, a second-stage gear and a third-stage gear; wherein, the first-stage gear is rotatably connected in the housing through a first rotating shaft, and the second-stage gear is installed on the second rotating shaft; the upper and lower ends of the second rotating shaft are installed in the housing through a sliding connection structure; the sliding connection structure includes an arc groove provided on the housing, the center of the arc groove is located on the axis of the first rotating shaft, and the bottom of the arc groove extends obliquely; the third-stage gear is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0010] Preferably, the housing is provided with a slide groove at a corresponding position of the linear rack; the linear rack is installed in the slide groove and meshes with the primary gear.

[0011] Preferably, it also includes an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, which includes a U-shaped magnet arranged at the bottom of the shell and an electromagnetic coil arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, wherein the bottom of the shell is provided with a mounting portion for mounting the U-shaped magnet; the U-shaped magnet is installed in the mounting portion; and the electromagnetic coil is located inside the U-shaped magnet.

[0012] Preferably, the electromagnetic coil is mounted on a rotating seat, and the rotating seat is mounted on the bottom of the rotating shaft through a threaded connection structure.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a contact-separation type friction nano-power generation mechanism, which includes a slide rail and a slider arranged in the slide rail, wherein the slider is installed in the slide rail, and the slider is connected to the second friction wheel through a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second friction wheel, and the other end is hinged to the slider.

[0014] Preferably, a third friction layer made of polytetrafluoroethylene is pasted on the front of the slider, and a fourth friction layer made of aluminum foil is pasted on the frame in contact with and separated from the third friction layer.

[0015] Preferably, a first friction layer is adhered to the top of the first friction wheel; a second friction layer is adhered to the bottom of the second friction wheel; wherein the material of the first friction layer is copper foil; and the material of the second friction layer is fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the arc-shaped groove extends obliquely upward toward the direction close to the third-stage gear.

[0017] Preferably, the slide rail is provided with a slide groove at the bottom of the slider, which extends linearly along the length direction of the slide rail, and a ball is provided in the slide groove.

[0018] A method for generating electricity using a friction nanometer power generation device based on a mechanical frequency-upgrading structure comprises the following steps:

[0019] When the linear rack is subjected to external linear excitation, the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to rotate, thereby driving the second-stage gear to rotate around the first rotating shaft until the second-stage gear and the third-stage gear are engaged;

[0020] As the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to continue rotating, the first-stage gear drives the second-stage gear to continue rotating, and the rotation of the second-stage gear drives the third-stage gear to rotate; the rotation of the third-stage gear drives the second friction wheel to rotate, so that a non-contact triboelectric structure is formed between the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel;

[0021] When the linear rack stops moving or moves in the opposite direction, the second friction wheel still rotates under the action of inertia to achieve the effect of multiple frictions and meet the frequency increase requirement. During this process, the secondary gear slides from a high position to a low position along the arc groove under the action of the reverse tangential force of the tertiary gear and the gravity of the secondary gear itself, thereby separating the secondary gear and the tertiary gear. This makes the primary gear and the secondary gear not affect the operation of the first friction layer and the second friction layer when the linear rack returns to the initial position. After the secondary gear returns to the initial position, power generation is completed.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0023] The friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention uses a gear transmission mechanism to convert the linear motion of the linear rack into the rotational motion of the first gear, thereby driving the second gear to rotate around the first rotating shaft until the second gear and the third gear are engaged. The second gear rotates and drives the third gear to rotate. When the third gear rotates, it also drives the second friction wheel to rotate, so that a non-contact friction electric structure is formed between the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel. When the linear rack stops or moves in the opposite direction, the second friction wheel still rotates under the action of inertia to achieve the effect of multiple friction and meet the up-conversion requirement. Due to the reverse tangential force of the third gear and the gravity of the second gear, the second gear slides from a high position to a low position along the arc groove, thereby separating from the third gear. When the linear rack returns to its original position, the first gear and the second gear do not affect the operation of the first friction layer and the second friction layer. In this way, the low-frequency vibration energy can be converted into high-frequency input through the up-conversion structure to improve the output performance of the friction nano-generator. At the same time, it also effectively solves the problem of insufficient output power of ordinary friction nano-generators and achieves continuous output of voltage and current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 and Figure 2 Schematic diagrams of the structure of the friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention from two different perspectives.

[0025] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the lower shell.

[0027] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the upper shell.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the rotating seat.

[0029] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the slider structure.

[0030] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the slide rail.

[0031] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of the second friction wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0033] See also Figures 1-9 The friction nanometer power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention includes a housing 1, a first friction wheel 3 arranged in the housing 1, a second friction wheel 4, and a driving mechanism for driving the second friction wheel 4 to rotate, wherein:

[0034] The first friction wheel 3 is fixed to the housing 1; the second friction wheel 4 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 via a rotating shaft; a first friction layer is adhered to the top of the first friction wheel 3, and a second friction layer is adhered to the bottom of the second friction wheel 4; wherein the material of the first friction layer is copper foil (Cu); the material of the second friction layer is fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer; the friction between the FEP surface and the Cu surface changes their surface properties, thereby improving the friction effect of the friction layers in the first friction wheel 3 and the second friction wheel 4, thereby increasing the surface charge density;

[0035] The driving mechanism includes a linear rack 2 and a gear transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the linear rack 2 to the second friction wheel 4; the gear transmission mechanism includes a first-stage gear 11, a second-stage gear 12 and a third-stage gear 13; the first-stage gear 11 is rotatably connected to the housing 1 through a first rotating shaft, and the second-stage gear 12 is installed on the second rotating shaft; the upper and lower ends of the second rotating shaft are installed in the housing 1 through a sliding connection structure; the sliding connection structure includes an arc groove 103 provided on the housing 1, the center of the arc groove 103 is located on the axis of the first rotating shaft, and the bottom of the arc groove 103 extends upward in an inclined direction close to the third-stage gear 13; the third-stage gear 13 is installed on the rotating shaft.

[0036] In this embodiment, the diameter of the first friction wheel 3 is Φ100 mm, the diameter of the middle through hole thereof is Φ6 mm, and the first friction wheel 3 and the end cover of the housing 1 are an integral structure; the diameter of the second friction wheel 4 is Φ100 mm;

[0037] The linear rack 2 has a module of 2.5, a pressure angle of 20°, a tooth top height of 2.5 mm, a tooth root height of 3 mm, a tooth thickness of 3.927 mm, and a length of 265 mm;

[0038] The parameters of the upper part of the first-stage gear 11 are: module 2.5, number of teeth 28, pressure angle 20°, pitch circle diameter 64.4mm, top circle diameter 69mm, root circle diameter 58.65mm, tooth width 15mm, and pitch circle tooth thickness 3.613mm; the parameters of the lower part of the first-stage gear 11 are: module 2.5, number of teeth 15, pressure angle 20°, pitch circle diameter 37.5mm, top circle diameter 42.5mm, root circle diameter 31.25mm, tooth width 20mm, and pitch circle tooth thickness 3.927mm; the shaft hole diameter of the first-stage gear 11 is 9mm.

[0039] The parameters of the secondary gear 12 are: module 2.5, number of teeth 12, pressure angle 20°, pitch circle diameter 25.2 mm, addendum circle diameter 29.4 mm, root circle diameter 19.95 mm, tooth width 10 mm, pitch circle tooth thickness 3.298 mm, and shaft hole diameter 9 mm;

[0040] The parameters of the three-stage gear 13 are: module 2.5, number of teeth 12, pressure angle 20°, pitch circle diameter 22 mm, top circle diameter 26.4 mm, root circle diameter 16.5 mm, tooth width 10 mm, pitch circle tooth thickness 3.455 mm, and shaft hole diameter 9 mm.

[0041] See also Figures 1-9The housing 1 is provided with a slide groove 105 at the corresponding position of the linear rack 2; the linear rack 2 is installed in the slide groove 105 and meshes with the first-stage gear 11; by providing the slide groove 105, the linear rack 2 can be guided and limited, thereby ensuring that the linear rack 2 is always meshed with the first-stage gear 11.

[0042] In this embodiment, the housing is composed of an upper housing 102 and a lower housing 101 and is assembled through corresponding mounting structures; wherein mounting holes 104 are provided on the upper housing 102 and the lower housing 101 at positions corresponding to the first rotating shaft.

[0043] See also Figures 1-9 The connection structure between the second friction wheel 4 and the gear shaft (i.e., the rotating shaft) of the third-stage gear 13 is a cylinder 15, the upper half of which is hollow and fixed to the second friction wheel 4. The cylinder 15 is provided with a through hole 16 that penetrates the hollow part below the second friction wheel 4 to facilitate the connection of the wire; the lower half of the cylinder 15 is provided with a mortise and tenon structure 17 connected to the gear shaft (i.e., the rotating shaft) of the third-stage gear 13.

[0044] See also Figures 1-9 The electromagnetic power generation mechanism of the friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention includes a U-shaped magnet 10 arranged at the bottom of the shell 1 and an electromagnetic coil 9 arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, wherein the electromagnetic coil 9 is installed on the rotating seat 14; the U-shaped magnet 10 is installed on the mounting portion 106 at the bottom of the lower shell 101; the rotating seat 14 is installed at the bottom of the rotating shaft through a threaded connection structure; the electromagnetic coil 9 is located inside the U-shaped magnet 10.

[0045] Through the above arrangement, when the second friction wheel 4 rotates together with the three-stage gear 13, the electromagnetic coil 9 connected to the bottom of the three-stage gear 13 also rotates, generating electromagnetic induction with the U-shaped magnet 10 installed on the housing 1, thereby achieving the effect of electromagnetic power generation.

[0046] See also Figures 1-9 The friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention further includes a contact-separation friction nano-power generation mechanism, which includes a slide rail 8 and a slider 6 arranged in the slide rail 8, wherein the slider 6 is installed in the slide rail 8, and the slider 6 is connected to the second friction wheel 4 via a connecting rod 5; one end of the connecting rod 5 is hinged to the first friction wheel 3, and the other end is hinged to the slider 6;

[0047] In this embodiment, a friction layer 7 is provided at the front of the slider 6. The friction material of the friction layer 7 is polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the friction material of the contact and separation portion of the frame is aluminum foil (Al). The friction between the PTFE surface and the Al surface changes their surface properties, thereby improving the friction effect of the friction layer and increasing the surface charge density.

[0048] Through the above arrangement, when the second friction wheel 4 rotates, the connecting rod 5 on its upper layer and the slider 6 form a crank slider mechanism, thereby driving the slider 6 located in the slide rail 8 to continuously reciprocate, thereby constantly contacting and separating with the opposite frame, thereby forming a contact-separation type friction nano power generation mechanism.

[0049] See also Figures 1-9 The slide rail 8 is provided with a sliding groove 801 extending linearly along the length direction of the slide rail 8 at the bottom of the slider 6, and a ball is provided in the sliding groove 801 to reduce the friction resistance during movement.

[0050] See also Figures 1-9 The power generation method of the friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical up-conversion structure of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0051] When the linear rack 2 is subjected to external linear excitation, the linear rack 2 drives the first-stage gear 11 to rotate, thereby driving the second-stage gear 12 to rotate around the first rotation axis until the second-stage gear 12 is meshed with the third-stage gear 13;

[0052] As the linear rack 2 drives the first-stage gear 11 to continue rotating, the first-stage gear 11 drives the second-stage gear 12 to continue rotating, and the rotation of the second-stage gear 12 drives the third-stage gear 13 to rotate, and the rotation of the third-stage gear 13 drives the second friction wheel 4 to rotate, so that a non-contact triboelectric structure is formed between the first friction wheel 3 and the second friction wheel 4;

[0053] After the linear rack 2 stops moving or moves in the reverse direction, the second friction wheel 4 continues to rotate under the action of inertia to achieve the effect of multiple frictions and meet the frequency increase requirement. During this process, the secondary gear 12 slides from a high position to a low position along the arc groove 103 under the action of the reverse tangential force of the tertiary gear 13 and the gravity of the secondary gear 12 itself, thereby separating the secondary gear 12 and the tertiary gear 13. This makes it possible for the primary gear 11 and the secondary gear 12 to not affect the work of the first friction layer and the second friction layer when the linear rack 2 returns to its original position. After the secondary gear 12 returns to its original position, one power generation is completed.

[0054] In addition, when the second friction wheel 4 rotates together with the three-stage gear 13, the electromagnetic coil 9 connected to the bottom of the three-stage gear 13 also rotates, generating electromagnetic induction with the U-shaped magnet 10 installed on the housing 1, thereby achieving the effect of electromagnetic power generation;

[0055] In addition, when the second friction wheel 4 rotates, the connecting rod 5 on its upper layer and the slider 6 form a crank slider mechanism, thereby driving the slider 6 located in the slide rail 8 to continuously reciprocate, thereby constantly contacting and separating with the opposite frame, thereby forming a contact-separation type friction nano-power generation mechanism.

[0056] The above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the above content. Any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not deviate from the spirit and principles of the present invention should be equivalent replacement methods and are included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A friction nano-power generation device based on a mechanical up-conversion structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing, a first friction wheel arranged in the housing, a second friction wheel and a driving mechanism for driving the second friction wheel to rotate, wherein: The first friction wheel is fixed to the housing; the second friction wheel is rotatably connected to the housing via a rotating shaft; The driving mechanism includes a linear rack and a gear transmission mechanism for transmitting the power of the linear rack to the second friction wheel; the gear transmission mechanism includes a primary gear, a secondary gear and a tertiary gear; wherein the primary gear is rotatably connected to the housing via a first rotating shaft, and the secondary gear is mounted on the second rotating shaft; the upper and lower ends of the second rotating shaft are both mounted in the housing via a sliding connection structure; the sliding connection structure includes an arc-shaped groove provided on the housing, the center of the arc-shaped groove is located on the axis of the first rotating shaft, and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove extends obliquely; the tertiary gear is mounted on the rotating shaft; A first friction layer is adhered to the top of the first friction wheel; a second friction layer is adhered to the bottom of the second friction wheel; When the linear rack is subjected to external linear excitation, the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to rotate, thereby driving the second-stage gear to rotate around the first rotating shaft until the second-stage gear and the third-stage gear are engaged; As the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to continue rotating, the first-stage gear drives the second-stage gear to continue rotating, and the rotation of the second-stage gear drives the third-stage gear to rotate; the rotation of the third-stage gear drives the second friction wheel to rotate, so that a non-contact triboelectric structure is formed between the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel; When the linear rack stops moving or moves in the opposite direction, the second friction wheel still rotates under the action of inertia to achieve the effect of multiple frictions and meet the frequency increase requirement. During this process, the secondary gear slides from a high position to a low position along the arc groove under the action of the reverse tangential force of the tertiary gear and the gravity of the secondary gear itself, thereby separating the secondary gear and the tertiary gear. This makes the primary gear and the secondary gear not affect the operation of the first friction layer and the second friction layer when the linear rack returns to the initial position. After the secondary gear returns to the initial position, power generation is completed.

2. The friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The housing is provided with a sliding groove at a corresponding position of the linear rack; the linear rack is installed in the sliding groove and meshes with the primary gear.

3. The friction nanometer power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also includes an electromagnetic power generation mechanism, which includes a U-shaped magnet arranged at the bottom of the shell and an electromagnetic coil arranged at the bottom of the rotating shaft, wherein the bottom of the shell is provided with a mounting portion for mounting the U-shaped magnet; the U-shaped magnet is installed in the mounting portion; and the electromagnetic coil is located inside the U-shaped magnet.

4. The friction nano-power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The electromagnetic coil is mounted on a rotating seat, and the rotating seat is mounted on the bottom of the rotating shaft through a threaded connection structure.

5. The friction nanometer power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: It also includes a contact-separation type friction nano-power generation mechanism, which includes a slide rail and a slider arranged in the slide rail, wherein the slider is installed in the slide rail, and the slider is connected to the second friction wheel through a connecting rod; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the second friction wheel, and the other end is hinged to the slider.

6. The triboelectric nano-power generation device based on a mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: A third friction layer made of polytetrafluoroethylene is pasted on the front of the slider, and a fourth friction layer made of aluminum foil is pasted on the frame in contact with and separated from the third friction layer.

7. The triboelectric nanometer power generation device based on a mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the first friction layer is copper foil; the material of the second friction layer is fluorinated ethylene propylene copolymer.

8. The triboelectric nano-power generation device based on a mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the arc-shaped groove extends obliquely upward toward the direction close to the third-stage gear.

9. The friction nanometer power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slide rail is provided with a slide groove at the bottom of the slider, which extends linearly along the length direction of the slide rail, and a ball is provided in the slide groove.

10. A power generation method for the friction nanometer power generation device based on the mechanical upscaling structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: When the linear rack is subjected to external linear excitation, the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to rotate, thereby driving the second-stage gear to rotate around the first rotating shaft until the second-stage gear and the third-stage gear are engaged; As the linear rack drives the first-stage gear to continue rotating, the first-stage gear drives the second-stage gear to continue rotating, and the rotation of the second-stage gear drives the third-stage gear to rotate; the rotation of the third-stage gear drives the second friction wheel to rotate, so that a non-contact triboelectric structure is formed between the first friction wheel and the second friction wheel; When the linear rack stops moving or moves in the opposite direction, the second friction wheel still rotates under the action of inertia to achieve the effect of multiple frictions and meet the frequency increase requirement. During this process, the secondary gear slides from a high position to a low position along the arc groove under the action of the reverse tangential force of the tertiary gear and the gravity of the secondary gear itself, thereby separating the secondary gear and the tertiary gear. This makes the primary gear and the secondary gear not affect the operation of the first friction layer and the second friction layer when the linear rack returns to the initial position. After the secondary gear returns to the initial position, power generation is completed.

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