A distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of distributed antenna array communication sensing integration's communication system and method thereof, for involving communication technology technical field.Each antenna unit is connected with a radio frequency unit, radio frequency unit is connected with digital signal preprocessing module, utilize radio frequency unit to convert known signal into analog signal, send to receiving end by antenna unit using staggered pilot signal, and receiving end estimates channel characteristics according to pilot signal, and feedback sensing signal echo to antenna unit;Radio frequency unit converts sensing signal echo into digital signal and transmits to digital signal preprocessing module, and the data signal to be actually transmitted is pre-coded, and after being designed into communication sensing integration signal, it is sent to receiving end by antenna unit.The application adopts coexisting signal structure, so that sensing and communication signal coexist multiplexing in time, frequency or spatial domain, so as to retain their unique characteristics, suitable for multipath propagation environment, and has strong robustness to multipath.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of communication technology, specifically to a distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system and method. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional dual-function communication-sensing integration (ISAC) is based on a centralized multi-antenna input-multi-antenna multiple-output (MIMO) architecture. In a centralized MIMO system architecture, all antennas are located at a single base station (BS) or the antennas are very close to each other. The base station is responsible for managing and coordinating the transmission and reception of signals from this centralized antenna array.

[0003] However, in space-constrained environments, line-of-sight sensing signals exhibit poor reflection, making it difficult to accurately measure signal reflection angles and distances. Therefore, traditional centralized dual-function ISACs cannot provide precise indoor radar sensing capabilities. Furthermore, low-frequency signals have long wavelengths, which induce multipath reflections, causing a signal to propagate more easily through many different paths, posing a challenge to obtaining accurate signal reflection paths. Regarding sensing capabilities, a wider spectral bandwidth can provide higher radar sensing resolution, but this can become a burden on communication systems, as not all systems require such wide bandwidth and data transmission rates. This makes dual-function ISAC signal designs unsuitable for low-speed and low-cost systems, such as those in the Internet of Things (IoT). Communication and radar sensing have different requirements in terms of signal transmission power, bandwidth, and user support, making it difficult for a single signal waveform to simultaneously meet both requirements. The combined design of communication and sensing functions limits the overall system's flexibility.

[0004] To address these issues, we have designed a distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system and method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing communication and sensing integrated systems based on centralized MIMO architectures, which rely on line-of-sight signal transmission and reflection. When the signal path is blocked or there is strong multipath reflection, communication transmission is greatly affected. The invention proposes a distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system and method, which adopts a coexistence signal structure to make sensing and communication signals orthogonal in the time, frequency, or spatial domains, thereby preserving the unique characteristics of communication and sensing functions and improving the flexibility of the overall system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A communication method integrating communication and sensing using a distributed antenna array, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step S1, System Construction: The antenna units are set up in a distributed architecture, with each antenna unit connected to a radio frequency unit. The radio frequency units are all connected to the digital signal preprocessing module to build a communication system integrating communication and sensing.

[0009] Step S2, Channel Detection: The digital signal of the known signal is converted into an analog signal by the digital-to-analog converter built into the radio frequency unit. The analog signal is then transmitted to the receiver by the antenna unit using interleaved pilot signals. The receiver estimates the channel characteristics based on the pilot signals in the received known signal and feeds back the sensed signal echo to the antenna unit.

[0010] Step S3, Data signal adjustment and compensation: The antenna unit transmits the received sensing signal echo to the radio frequency unit. The radio frequency unit uses the built-in digital-to-analog converter to convert the sensing signal echo into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the digital signal preprocessing module. The digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted and designs it into an integrated communication and sensing signal.

[0011] Step S4, Data signal transmission: The integrated communication and sensing signal designed by the digital signal preprocessing module is transmitted to the radio frequency unit. The digital-to-analog conversion module built into the radio frequency unit converts the integrated communication and sensing signal into an analog signal, which is then sent to the receiving end via the antenna unit.

[0012] This solution is further optimized. In step S1, the antenna units adopt a distributed architecture, which means that multiple antenna units are set up around the periphery of the obstacle.

[0013] This scheme is further optimized. In step S2, when the known signal is sent to the receiving end by the antenna unit using the interleaved pilot signal, each antenna unit corresponds to a signal transmission time gap according to the number of antenna units set. The signal transmission time gap is one OFDM symbol. The pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot detection reference signal.

[0014] This scheme is further optimized. In step S2, the channel characteristics estimated based on the pilot signal include the changes in the signal amplitude and phase.

[0015] This scheme is further optimized. In step S3, the digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, designing it as an integrated communication and sensing signal. The process is as follows:

[0016] Define the channel matrix H of the known signal as:

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, h mn This represents the channel link from the nth antenna element to the mth receiver.

[0019] The designed time-orthogonal pilot symbols are transmitted by antenna elements within a symbol period corresponding to the number of antenna elements. In the first time period, only the first antenna transmits symbol p1, and the other antenna elements are not used. This process continues until the nth time period, when only the nth antenna transmits symbol p1. n The remaining antenna elements are not used, and the matrix P of the time-orthogonal pilot symbols is:

[0020]

[0021] The symbol Y received by the receiver from the n antenna elements is represented as:

[0022]

[0023] In the formula, y mn Z represents the symbol received by the m-th receiver in the n-th time period, and Z represents the effect of additive white Gaussian noise on the signal transmission process.

[0024] Channel matrix It is derived from the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Based on the obtained H-channel characteristics, the integrated communication and sensing signal X is designed as follows:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, Representing the channel matrix The inverse matrix of , where D represents the actual communication data to be transmitted.

[0029] A system for a communication method integrating communication and sensing in a distributed antenna array, the system comprising:

[0030] The antenna unit uses interleaved pilot signals to send known signals to the receiver, receives the sensing signal echo from the receiver, and sends the integrated communication and sensing signal converted by the radio frequency unit to the receiver.

[0031] The digital signal preprocessing module establishes a connection with each radio frequency unit, pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, and designs it as an integrated communication and sensing signal.

[0032] The radio frequency unit, connected to each antenna unit, converts known signals and integrated communication and sensing signals into analog signals;

[0033] At the receiving end, the known signal and the integrated communication and sensing signal transmitted by the antenna unit are received. Based on the pilot signal in the received known signal, the characteristics of the channel are estimated, and the sensing signal echo is fed back to the antenna unit.

[0034] This solution is further optimized by adopting a distributed architecture for the antenna units, with multiple units arranged around the periphery of the obstacle, and each antenna unit is connected to one radio frequency unit.

[0035] The radio frequency unit receives the sensing signal echo transmitted from the antenna unit, converts it into a digital signal using the built-in digital-to-analog converter module, and transmits it to the digital signal preprocessing module.

[0036] This scheme is further optimized, wherein the pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot detection reference signal, and multiple pilot signals are transmitted over multiple time intervals.

[0037] Compared with existing technologies, the advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention employs a distributed array antenna and a coexisting signal structure, enabling sensing and communication signals to coexist and be multiplexed in the time, frequency, or spatial domains, thereby preserving their unique characteristics, allowing for independent design, retaining the unique characteristics of communication and sensing functions, improving system flexibility, and outperforming traditional single-communication sensing signal designs. This invention uses distributed multi-antenna elements, utilizing channel diversity to detect channel characteristics for sensing, avoiding spatial interference between antenna elements and overlapping interference between adjacent pilot signals, supporting multi-user communication functions, and utilizing real-time sensing signal echo monitoring to enable the system to accurately detect and track channel condition changes related to user location or movement through feedback channel estimation, adapting evenly to dynamic signal propagation environments, suitable for multipath propagation environments, and exhibiting strong robustness against multipath propagation. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the steps of a distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication method proposed in this invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection arrangement of a distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system proposed in this invention.

[0040] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pilot signal distribution architecture in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the integrated communication and sensing signal frame structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Antenna Element 1; 2. Antenna Element 2; 3. Antenna Element 3; 4. Antenna Element 4; 5. Antenna Element 5; 6. Antenna Element 6; 7. RF Element 1; 8. RF Element 2; 9. RF Element 3; 10. RF Element 4; 11. RF Element 5; 12. RF Element 6; 13. Digital Signal Preprocessing Module; 14. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 1; 15. Sensing Signal Echo 1; 16. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 2; 17. Sensing Signal Echo 2; 18. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 3; 19. Sensing Signal Echo 3; 20. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 4; 21. Sensing Signal Echo 4; 22. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 5; 23. Sensing Signal Echo 5; 24. Integrated Communication and Sensing Signal 6; 25. Sensing Signal Echo 6; 26. Obstacle; 27. User; 28. Sensing Target. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0044] Communication and radar sensing have different requirements in terms of signal transmission power, bandwidth, and user support, making it difficult for a single signal waveform to simultaneously meet both requirements. Because the design must consider both communication and sensing needs, the joint design of communication and sensing functions limits the overall system flexibility. A better solution is to employ a coexisting signal structure, making sensing and communication signals orthogonal in the time, frequency, or spatial domains, thereby preserving their unique characteristics and allowing for independent design.

[0045] like Figure 1 As shown in this embodiment, a communication method integrating distributed antenna array communication and sensing is proposed. The method includes the following steps:

[0046] Step S1, System Construction: The antenna units are configured using a distributed architecture, where multiple antenna units are arranged around the perimeter of the obstacle. Each antenna unit is connected to a corresponding radio frequency (RF) unit, and all RF units are connected to a digital signal preprocessing module, thus constructing an integrated communication and sensing system.

[0047] Step S2, Channel Detection: The digital signal of the known signal is converted into an analog signal by the digital-to-analog converter built into the radio frequency unit. The analog signal is then transmitted to the receiver by the antenna unit using interleaved pilot signals. The receiver estimates the channel characteristics based on the pilot signals in the received known signal and feeds back the sensed signal echo to the antenna unit.

[0048] When a known signal is transmitted to the receiver by the antenna element using interleaved pilot signals, each antenna element corresponds to a signal transmission time gap, which is one OFDM symbol, depending on the number of antenna elements set. The pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot detection reference signal.

[0049] The channel characteristics estimated from the pilot signal include changes in both the signal amplitude and phase.

[0050] Step S3, Data Signal Adjustment and Compensation: The antenna unit transmits the received sensing signal echo to the radio frequency (RF) unit. The RF unit uses its built-in analog-to-digital converter to convert the sensing signal echo into a digital signal and transmits the digital signal to the digital signal preprocessing module. The digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, designing it as an integrated communication and sensing signal.

[0051] The digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, designing it as an integrated communication and sensing signal. The process is as follows:

[0052] Define the channel matrix H of the known signal as:

[0053]

[0054] In the formula, h mn This represents the channel link from the nth antenna element to the mth receiver.

[0055] The designed time-orthogonal pilot symbols are transmitted by antenna elements within a symbol period corresponding to the number of antenna elements. In the first time period, only the first antenna transmits symbol p1, and the other antenna elements are not used. This process continues until the nth time period, when only the nth antenna transmits symbol p1. n The remaining antenna elements are not used. This method eliminates spatial interference between antenna elements. The matrix P of the time-orthogonal pilot symbols is:

[0056]

[0057] The symbol Y received by the receiver from the n antenna elements is represented as:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, y mn Z represents the symbol received by the m-th receiver in the n-th time period, and Z represents the effect of additive white Gaussian noise on the signal transmission process.

[0060] Channel matrix It is derived from the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] Based on the obtained H-channel characteristics, the integrated communication and sensing signal X is designed as follows:

[0063]

[0064] In the formula, Representing the channel matrix The inverse matrix of , where D represents the actual communication data to be transmitted.

[0065] Step S4, Data signal transmission: The integrated communication and sensing signal designed by the digital signal preprocessing module is transmitted to the radio frequency unit. The digital-to-analog conversion module built into the radio frequency unit converts the integrated communication and sensing signal into an analog signal, which is then sent to the receiving end via the antenna unit.

[0066] Furthermore, this embodiment also proposes a system for a communication method integrating distributed antenna array communication and sensing. This system mainly includes an antenna unit, a digital signal preprocessing module, a radio frequency unit, and a receiver. The connection relationships and functions of each component are as follows:

[0067] The antenna units are arranged in a distributed architecture, with multiple units positioned around the perimeter of the obstacle. Each antenna unit is connected to a corresponding radio frequency (RF) unit. The antenna units transmit known signals to the receiver using interleaved pilot signals. They also receive the echo signals from the receiver and transmit the integrated communication and sensing signal, converted by the RF unit, back to the receiver.

[0068] The digital signal preprocessing module establishes a connection with each radio frequency unit, pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, and designs it into an integrated communication and sensing signal.

[0069] The radio frequency (RF) unit, connected to each antenna unit, converts known signals and integrated communication and sensing signals into analog signals. In addition, the RF unit receives the sensing signal echoes transmitted from the antenna units and converts them into digital signals using the built-in digital-to-analog converter module, which then transmits them to the digital signal preprocessing module.

[0070] The receiver can be multiple, and its main function is to receive the known signals and integrated communication and sensing signals sent by the antenna unit, estimate the characteristics of the channel based on the pilot signals in the received known signals, and feed back the sensing signal echo to the antenna unit.

[0071] In this embodiment, the pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot probe reference signal. Multiple pilot signals are transmitted over multiple time intervals. The pilot signals are transmitted together with the data signal and are used to predict channel characteristics. The receiver estimates the channel by comparing the received pilot signal with the original signal. After obtaining the predicted channel characteristics, such as predicting that the signal will experience different degrees of amplitude and phase changes when passing through a certain channel, the receiver will send the channel characteristics to the antenna element through the feedback channel (the uplink channel in the communication system).

[0072] The system's digital signal preprocessing module uses known channel amplitude and phase information to pre-adjust and compensate for the signal to be transmitted. Therefore, the digital signal preprocessing module utilizes information obtained from channel detection to pre-compensate for fading, interference, and distortion during signal transmission. Its purpose is to restore the original signal from the antenna element at the receiving end as accurately as possible. The adjusted and compensated data is used to implement actual data communication functions. Compensation methods can employ minimum mean square error (MMSE) or zero-forcing (ZF) equalizers.

[0073] This embodiment is further illustrated with actual operation: such as Figure 2 As shown, the distributed antenna array communication and sensing integrated communication system of this embodiment includes 6 antenna elements (antenna element 1, antenna element 2, antenna element 3, antenna element 4, antenna element 5, and antenna element 6), 6 radio frequency units (radio frequency unit 7, radio frequency unit 2, radio frequency unit 3, radio frequency unit 4, radio frequency unit 5, and radio frequency unit 6), 2 receiving ends including user 27 and sensing target 28, and a digital signal preprocessing module 13 for signal precoding and designing communication and sensing integrated signals.

[0074] In this embodiment, antenna element 1 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 14, antenna element 2 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 2 16, antenna element 3 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 3 18, antenna element 4 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 4 20, antenna element 5 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 5 22, and antenna element 6 transmits integrated communication and sensing signal 6 24. The sensing signal echoes fed back by the receiving end include sensing signal echo 1 15, sensing signal echo 2 17, sensing signal echo 3 19, sensing signal echo 4 21, sensing signal echo 5 23, and sensing signal echo 6 25. The six radio frequency units corresponding to the six antenna elements in this embodiment are arranged in a distributed architecture, which can effectively avoid interference from obstacles 26 on the transmission of integrated communication and sensing signals.

[0075] The pilot signal is modulated in the radio frequency (RF) unit (i.e., the pilot signal is generated within the RF unit, which is the signal generation module. The pilot signal generated by the RF unit needs to pass through the antenna unit to be transmitted through the air), and then reaches the receiving end via the antenna unit and the wireless channel. The function of the pilot signal is to transmit a known signal so that the receiving end can estimate the channel characteristics based on the received pilot signal and make corresponding adjustments and compensations to the actual data transmission. The digital signal preprocessing module 13 precodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, designing it as an integrated communication and sensing signal.

[0076] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, this embodiment uses a scenario with 6 antenna elements and 2 receivers (user 27 and sensing target 28) as an example for further explanation. The channel matrix H of the known signal is defined as:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, h 11 h represents the channel link from antenna element one to the user. 12 This represents the channel link from antenna element two to the user; similarly, h... 16 h represents the channel link from antenna element six to the user. 21 h represents the channel link from antenna element one to the sensing target. 22 This represents the channel link from antenna element two to the sensing target; similarly, h... 26 This represents the channel link from antenna element six to the sensing target.

[0079] The designed time-orthogonal pilot symbols are transmitted by six antenna elements over six symbol periods. In the first time period, only antenna element one transmits symbol p1; the other antenna elements are not used. In the second time period, only antenna element two transmits symbol p2; the other antenna elements operate according to the same principle. This method eliminates spatial interference between antenna elements. The matrix format of the time-orthogonal pilot symbols is as follows:

[0080]

[0081] Therefore, the symbols received by the receiver from the six antenna elements are represented as follows:

[0082]

[0083] y 11 This represents the symbols received by the user within the first time period, y. 12 This represents the symbol received by the user in the second time period, and so on. 16This represents the symbols received by the user within the 6th time period; y 21 y represents the symbol received by the target during the first time period. 22 This represents the symbol received by the perceived target during the second time period, and so on. 26 Z represents the symbol received by the target during the 6th time period; Z represents the effect of additive white Gaussian noise during signal transmission.

[0084] Using the above information, the channel conditions can be derived in the following way:

[0085]

[0086] Based on the obtained H-channel characteristics, the integrated communication and sensing signal X is designed as follows:

[0087]

[0088] in, Representing the channel matrix The inverse matrix, D, represents the actual communication data to be transmitted; after adjustment and compensation, the new data signal X obtained will not be affected by the channel H after being sent out through the channel.

[0089] To obtain accurate RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indicator) estimation for each antenna element, this invention uses orthogonal pilot probe reference signals in the time domain. Furthermore, it adjusts and compensates for actual data transmission based on the amplitude and phase changes of the sensed signal echo fed back from the receiver, thereby avoiding spatial interference between antenna elements. Because the pilot signals are interleaved and transmitted over the air, each user will receive misaligned pilot signals from all antenna elements. For example, the pilot signal at antenna element two is misaligned with the pilot signal at antenna element one, thus avoiding overlapping interference between adjacent pilot signals. In this embodiment, the transmission of six pilot signals is completed in six time slots. The estimated antenna spatial channel information RSSI (sensed signal echo) is fed back to the antenna elements, and finally, digital precoding is performed on the signals transmitted by multiple antenna elements.

[0090] In the system architecture of this embodiment, which does not rely on directional radar beams, the multiple antenna elements no longer generate directional sensing beams (integrated antennas generate directional signal beams). Each antenna element can transmit signals from different locations to transmit communication data to users and sense changes in targets. Therefore, the presence of obstacles does not affect the overall system performance. The system in this embodiment supports multi-user communication functions. By utilizing real-time sensing signal echo monitoring, the system can adapt to dynamic signal propagation environments through feedback channel estimation. Furthermore, by analyzing changes in sensing signal echoes, the system can accurately detect and track channel condition changes related to user location or movement.

[0091] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A communication method of distributed antenna array communication and sensing integration, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step S1, System Construction: The antenna units are set up in a distributed architecture, with multiple antenna units set up around the perimeter of the obstacle. Each antenna unit is connected to a radio frequency unit, and the radio frequency units are all connected to the digital signal preprocessing module to build a communication system integrating communication and sensing. Step S2, Channel Detection: The digital signal of the known signal is converted into an analog signal by the built-in digital-to-analog converter of the radio frequency unit. The analog signal is then transmitted to the receiver by the antenna unit using interleaved pilot signals. According to the number of antenna units, each antenna unit corresponds to a signal transmission time gap, which is one OFDM symbol. The pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot detection reference signal. The receiver estimates the channel characteristics based on the pilot signal in the received known signal and feeds back the sensed signal echo to the antenna unit. Step S3, data signal adjustment compensation: the antenna unit transmits the received sensing signal echo to the radio frequency unit, the radio frequency unit converts the sensing signal echo into a digital signal by using the built-in digital-to-analog conversion module, and transmits the digital signal to the digital signal preprocessing module, the digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, and the communication and sensing integrated signal is transmitted based on the channel characteristics The design is: ； wherein denotes the inverse matrix of the channel matrix denotes the communication data actually to be transmitted;​ Step S4, Data signal transmission: The integrated communication and sensing signal designed by the digital signal preprocessing module is transmitted to the radio frequency unit. The digital-to-analog conversion module built into the radio frequency unit converts the integrated communication and sensing signal into an analog signal, which is then sent to the receiving end via the antenna unit.

2. The communication method of claim 1, wherein, In step S2, the channel characteristics estimated based on the pilot signal include changes in the signal amplitude and phase.

3. The communication method of claim 1, wherein, In step S3, the digital signal preprocessing module pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, designing it as an integrated communication and sensing signal. The process is as follows: Defining a channel matrix for a known signal is: ； In the formula, denotes a channel link from the jthantenna unit to the ithreceiving end; denotes a channel link from the jthantenna unit to the ithreceiving end; denotes a channel link from the jthantenna unit to the ithreceiving end; The time orthogonal DFT symbol is transmitted by the antenna units in symbol periods corresponding to the number of antenna units, in the first time period only the first antenna transmits the symbol , the rest of the antenna units are not used, and so on, in the time period only the antenna transmits the symbol , the rest of the antenna units are not used, the matrix of the time orthogonal DFT symbol is : ； The receiving end receives from The antenna unit receives a symbol is represented as: ； wherein, denotes the symbol received by the jth receiving end in the ith time period, denotes the symbol received by the jth receiving end in the ith time period, denotes the symbol received by the jth receiving end in the ith time period, denotes the signal affected by additive white Gaussian noise in the transmission process; Channel matrix is derived by 。 4. A communication system for distributed antenna array communication and sensing integration, using the method for distributed antenna array communication and sensing integration according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The communication system includes: The antenna unit uses interleaved pilot signals to send known signals to the receiver, receives the sensing signal echo from the receiver, and sends the integrated communication and sensing signal converted by the radio frequency unit to the receiver. The digital signal preprocessing module establishes a connection with each radio frequency unit, pre-encodes the actual data signal to be transmitted, and designs it as an integrated communication and sensing signal. The radio frequency unit, connected to each antenna unit, converts known signals and integrated communication and sensing signals into analog signals; At the receiving end, the known signal and the integrated communication and sensing signal transmitted by the antenna unit are received. Based on the pilot signal in the received known signal, the characteristics of the channel are estimated, and the sensing signal echo is fed back to the antenna unit.

5. The distributed antenna array communication-cognizant integrated communication system of claim 4, wherein, The antenna units are arranged in a distributed architecture, with multiple units set around the periphery of the obstacle, and each antenna unit is connected to one radio frequency unit. The radio frequency unit receives the sensing signal echo transmitted from the antenna unit, converts it into a digital signal using the built-in digital-to-analog converter module, and transmits it to the digital signal preprocessing module.

6. The distributed antenna array communication-cognizant integrated communication system of claim 4, wherein, The pilot signal is a time-domain orthogonal pilot detection reference signal, and multiple pilot signals are transmitted over multiple time intervals.

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