Calibration method and system for communication-in-motion phased-array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a calibration method and system for a communication-in-moving phased-array antenna, and the method comprises the steps: calculating the coordinates of each channel sampled by a probe when each channel in the phased-array antenna is calibrated; adjusting the inclination angle of the probe to enable the probe to be perpendicular to the antenna surface; controlling the probe to reach the coordinate position of each channel according to the coordinates of each channel, and obtaining the initial amplitude phase data of each channel; calculating a channel amplitude phase difference value caused by a path difference from the probe to each channel; and according to the initial amplitude phase data of each channel, adding the initial amplitude phase data with the channel amplitude phase difference value caused by the calibration path of each channel to obtain final amplitude phase data of each channel. According to the invention, the antenna calibration is completed when the antenna is obliquely placed, so that amplitude-phase errors caused by oblique installation and adjustment changes after the antenna is horizontally calibrated are avoided; and the workload of adjusting installation can be avoided, and the efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of satellite communications, and in particular to a calibration method and system for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna. Background Art

[0002] There are two main technical forms of phased array antennas commonly used in synchronous orbit satellite communications: a hybrid one-dimensional phased array antenna with azimuth motor combined with pitch electronic scanning, and a two-dimensional electronically scanned phased array antenna.

[0003] The two-dimensional phased array antenna uses full electric scanning and has a fast response speed, but requires a large number of active channels, has relatively high cost and power consumption, and has a high heat density. Without effective heat dissipation measures, the reliability of the system will be reduced.

[0004] One-dimensional phased array antennas mostly use passive combining in azimuth to reduce the number of source channels, thereby reducing costs and power consumption. Although mechanical motors are used in azimuth, they can meet the use requirements in synchronous orbit satellite communication scenarios. Using high-orbit satellites in synchronous orbit, with 0 degrees elevation angle parallel to the ground and 90 degrees elevation angle vertical to the ground, it is usually necessary to cover an elevation angle range of 25° to 90° during motion, and the key coverage angle range of elevation is mostly 25° to 70°. One-dimensional phased arrays are mostly installed in an inclined manner, which can reduce the angle range that needs to be scanned during operation, thereby reducing scanning gain loss. Assuming that the antenna is installed at a 45° tilt, only ±20° scanning is required relative to the antenna normal, while a two-dimensional phased array needs to scan ±70°.

[0005] For traditional phased array antennas in motion, the antenna array surface is often tilted to improve the low elevation angle coverage of the antenna. During calibration, the antenna surface needs to be adjusted to a horizontal state, the amplitude and phase calibration of each channel is completed, and after the amplitude and phase coefficient data of each channel is obtained, the antenna is adjusted to a tilted position. This process not only brings operational inconvenience and workload, but also introduces structural changes such as RF cable deformation and installation errors, which will eventually change the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel, and this part of the data is not easy to correct. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve the problem that the current calibration method of the moving phased array antenna introduces amplitude and phase errors.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A calibration method for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna, comprising:

[0009] When calculating the calibration of each channel in the phased array antenna, the probe samples the coordinates of each channel;

[0010] Adjust the probe inclination angle to make the probe perpendicular to the antenna surface;

[0011] According to the coordinates of each channel, the probe is controlled to reach the coordinate position of each channel to obtain the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel;

[0012] Calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel;

[0013] The initial amplitude and phase data of each channel are added to the channel amplitude and phase difference values ​​caused by the calibration paths of each channel to obtain the final amplitude and phase data of each channel.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first channel in the first sub-array antenna plane is used as a reference channel, and the coordinates of each channel are obtained by the following formula:

[0015] (y n,m， (z n,m -Z n1 ) / sin(θ));

[0016] In the formula, y n,m It is expressed as the y-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel unit in the n-th subarray antenna, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, and θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna surface and the normal of the antenna base.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the channel amplitude phase difference value caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel is calculated, including the phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel and the amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first channel in the first sub-array antenna plane is used as a reference channel;

[0019] The phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(2π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ);

[0020] The amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(4π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ) 2 ;

[0021] In the formula, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna plane, Z n1It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna and the normal of the antenna base, and λ is expressed as the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first channel unit in each sub-array antenna does not need to be compensated.

[0023] The present invention also provides a calibration system for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna, comprising:

[0024] The sampling rack is used to fix the probe, which moves to different positions as the sampling is performed;

[0025] A vector network analyzer, used for connecting to the RF interface of the probe and the phased array antenna to be tested respectively through RF cables;

[0026] A darkroom measurement unit is connected to the sampling rack and the vector network analyzer for communication;

[0027] Control the sampling rack to drive the probe to sample, and obtain the coordinates of each channel through the vector network analyzer;

[0028] Then give instructions to the sampling stand to make the probe perpendicular to the antenna surface;

[0029] Then give instructions to the sampling rack, so that the probe reaches the coordinate position according to the coordinates of each channel for sampling, and obtains the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel through the vector network analyzer;

[0030] Then calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel, add the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the calibration path of each channel according to the initial amplitude phase data of each channel, and obtain the final amplitude phase data of each channel.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention completes channel calibration under the tilt device of the moving phased array antenna, avoiding amplitude and phase errors introduced by tilt installation adjustment changes after the antenna horizontal calibration is completed; and can avoid the workload of adjustment and installation, thereby improving efficiency.

[0032] When calibrating the amplitude and phase errors caused by the sampling coordinates and the path difference, the present invention can directly generate them through a calculation formula according to the known relative relationship of the coordinates of each channel in the antenna, without the need for a structural engineer to measure through drawing software.

[0033] The present invention avoids the adjustment and switching work between horizontal and tilted installation of the antenna, and in particular, can save the time of this part of work during mass production of the antenna terminal, thereby reducing production costs to a certain extent and improving work efficiency.

[0034] When an antenna channel fails, the present invention does not need to tilt and adjust the antenna to a horizontal installation, and can perform rapid inspection and positioning in a darkroom, thereby improving troubleshooting efficiency.

[0035] The present invention avoids amplitude and phase errors caused by adjustment between horizontal and inclined installations, improves the amplitude and phase accuracy of calibration compensation, and further improves the amplitude and phase consistency between channels.

[0036] The present invention can also be applied to the calibration of non-planar phased array antennas, such as the calibration of conformal phased array antennas, in terms of calibration sampling coordinates and related amplitude and phase error compensation calculation methods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a horizontal placement diagram of a phased array antenna shown in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] FIG. 2 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing a phased array antenna placed at an angle according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 A flow chart of a calibration method for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a calibration system for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To facilitate those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0043] First Figure 1 , 2(a) , 2(b) as an example to illustrate, Figure 1 The figure shows the horizontal placement of the phased array antenna, with the antenna surface parallel to the antenna base. Figure 2(a) , 2(b) The figure shows the phased array antenna tilt placement diagram. In the figure, the angle between the antenna line plane and the normal line of the antenna base is θ = 45°. In this case, the antenna gain is maximum and the performance is best at an elevation angle of 45°. The placement tilt angle of the sub-array antenna surface can be adjusted according to the different elevation angles in different use areas.

[0044] See also Figure 3As shown, the present invention provides a calibration method for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna, comprising:

[0045] S10, when calculating the calibration of each channel in the phased array antenna, the probe samples the coordinates of each channel.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, there are many methods for antenna channel calibration, but calibrating the channels one by one in a near-field darkroom is still a calibration method with relatively high measurement accuracy and efficiency. Before the calibration begins, the coordinate file Position (y, z) of the probe sampling needs to be prepared. Because the probe sampling is only completed in one plane, only its azimuth y coordinate and elevation z coordinate are considered here. When the phased array antenna is placed horizontally, the probe sampling coordinates are consistent with the antenna channel coordinates. When calibrating an inclined antenna, the sampling coordinate y of the probe in the azimuth direction is the same as the azimuth coordinate y of the antenna channel, but the z coordinate in the elevation direction is different from the antenna channel.

[0047] In this embodiment, without loss of generality, it is assumed that the phased array antenna terminal is composed of N subarray antenna surfaces, there are M channel units in the subarray antenna, one of the subarray antennas is selected as subarray antenna 1, a unit channel 1 in subarray antenna 1 is selected as the reference channel, and the subarray pitch spacing between subarray antenna 2 and subarray antenna 1 is Z 21 , the elevation distance between subarray antenna 3 and subarray antenna 1 is Z 31 , and so on, the elevation spacing between subarray antenna n (n=1,2,..N) relative to subarray antenna 1 is Z n1 , Easy to know Z 11 =0, which means that when calculating the elevation spacing between two sub-array antennas, the measurement points of the two sub-array antennas are at the same position in the corresponding sub-array.

[0048] Relative to the selected reference channel, the coordinates of each channel are (y n,m， z n,m ), where n = 1, 2, .. N, m = 1, 2, .. M; it is easy to know that (y 1,1 ,z 1,1 ) is (0,0). After the phased array antenna design is completed, the coordinates of each channel have been determined.

[0049] Assuming that the antenna surface is installed at an angle, the angle between the antenna surface and the normal of the antenna base is θ. Based on the above information, the probe sampling coordinates of each channel can be calculated relative to the reference channel as (y n,m， (z n,m -Z n1 ) / sin(θ)).

[0050] See also Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the calculation of the z coordinate of the probe pitch direction is described. Figure 4The middle test bench is used to fix the antenna base, and the antenna surface is installed on the antenna base at an angle. The darkroom measurement unit can control the parameters of the vector network analyzer and the sampling rack. The sampling probe is fixed on the sampling rack, and the probe moves to different positions with the sampling rack. The vector network analyzer is connected to the probe and the RF interface of the phased array antenna to be tested through RF cables. After the probe reaches the position corresponding to the antenna channel, the darkroom measurement unit reads the initial amplitude and phase data of the channel through the vector network analyzer.

[0051] In this embodiment, the antenna unit spacing is known to be d (the spacing between channel A and channel B in the elevation direction), the front and rear spacing of the subarray antenna (the spacing between channel A and channel E in the elevation direction) is dz, and the angle between the subarray antenna and the normal line of the antenna base is θ. When designing a phased array antenna, the coordinate position relationship of each channel in the antenna coordinate system is known. Channel A is (x A ,y A ,z A ), channel B is (x B ,y B ,z B ), and the coordinates of other channels are known in the same way. Assuming OJ represents the sampling probe, and assuming that the coordinates of the probe when calibrating channel A are (0,0), it can be seen from the figure that when calibrating channel B, the probe needs to be moved to O'J'. The distance between AB is the unit spacing d, and the distance JJ' that the probe moves in the pitch direction is AB / sin(θ)=d / sin(θ), and the coordinate is (y B , d / sin(θ)). By analogy, when calibrating channel C, the probe coordinate is (y C , 2d / sin(θ)), the probe coordinates when calibrating channel E are (y E , dz), the probe coordinates when calibrating channel H are (y H , dz+3d / sin(θ)), and so on to generate the coordinate file of probe sampling.

[0052] S20, adjust the probe inclination angle so that the probe is perpendicular to the antenna surface.

[0053] In one embodiment of the present invention, the coordinates of each channel are sent to the darkroom measurement unit through the vector network analyzer. The darkroom measurement unit issues instructions to the sampling rack to adjust the probe inclination angle to make it perpendicular to the antenna surface, complete the initial amplitude and phase data acquisition of each channel with the maximum signal-to-noise ratio, and ensure the measurement accuracy.

[0054] In this embodiment, the darkroom measurement unit is briefly described here. It is mainly composed of modules such as test parameter setting, vector network analyzer control, turntable and sampling rack control, data processing and graphic operation, and has scanning rack position and zeroing setting function, probe setting function, frequency and signal source setting function, antenna polarization performance analysis function, near-field to far-field inversion function, and far-field radiation pattern performance calculation and analysis function.

[0055] S30, according to the coordinates of each channel, control the probe to reach the coordinate position of each channel, and obtain the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present invention, the darkroom measurement unit sends the first channel coordinate position instruction to the sampling frame to control the probe to reach the specified position, and sends it to the wave control, the wave control opens the first channel, and after the probe reaches the sampling position of the first channel, the darkroom measurement unit collects the initial amplitude and phase data of the first channel through the vector network analyzer. The initial amplitude and phase data of all channels on the antenna surface are completed in the same way.

[0057] In this embodiment, the beam control is located in the phased array antenna terminal, and the antenna is permanently controlled.

[0058] S40, calculating the channel amplitude phase difference value caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel.

[0059] In one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the distance from each channel to the probe is different. Relative to the reference channel, it is necessary to compensate for the amplitude phase difference caused by the distance difference of the calibration path.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, without loss of generality, it is assumed that the phased array antenna terminal is composed of N subarray antennas, and there are M channel units in the subarray antenna. One of the subarray antennas is selected as subarray antenna 1, and a unit channel 1 in subarray antenna 1 is selected as a reference channel. The pitch spacing between subarray antenna 2 and subarray antenna 1 is Z. 21 , the elevation distance between subarray antenna 3 and subarray antenna 1 is Z 31 , and so on, the elevation spacing between subarrays n (n = 1, 2, .. N) relative to subarray antenna 1 is Z n1 , Easy to know Z 11 =0, which means that when calculating the elevation spacing between two sub-array antennas, the measurement points of the two sub-array antennas are at the same position in the corresponding sub-array.

[0061] Relative to the selected reference channel, the coordinates of each channel are (y n,m， z n,m ), where n = 1, 2, .. N, m = 1, 2, .. M; it is easy to know that (y 1,1， z 1,1 ) is (0,0).

[0062] In this embodiment, it is assumed that when the antenna surface is installed tilted, the angle between the antenna surface and the normal line of the antenna base is θ. According to the above information, the phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel relative to the reference channel is -(2π(z n,m -Zn1) / tan(θ)λ), the amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel is -(4π(z n,m -Zn1) / tan(θ)λ) 2 .

[0063] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 4, the antenna surface in the subarray antenna is relative to channel A. When collecting the initial amplitude phase data of channel B, the difference between the path from the sampling probe to channel B and the path from the sampling probe to channel A is JI. Therefore, relative to channel A, the phase difference that needs to be compensated for channel B is ψ B =-2π(JI / λ)=-(2πd / (tan(θ)λ)), the amplitude difference is α B =-(4πd / (tan(θ)λ) 2 Where JI is the difference between the path from the sampling probe to channel B and the path from the sampling probe to channel A when collecting the initial amplitude phase data of channel B. Relative to channel A, the phase difference that needs to be compensated for channel C is ψ C =-2(2πd / (tan(θ)λ)), the amplitude difference is α c =-(8πd / (tan(θ)λ) 2 ; Relative to channel A, the phase difference that needs to be compensated for channel D is ψ D =-3(2πd / (tan(θ)λ)), the amplitude difference is α D =-(12πd / (tan(θ)λ) 2 Relative to channel A, channel E does not need compensation. Relative to channel A, the phase difference that needs to be compensated for channel F is ψ F =-(2πd / (tan(θ)λ)), the amplitude difference is α F =-(8πd / (tan(θ)λ) 2 ; And so on, calculate the amplitude and phase data that need to be compensated for each channel. In the above expressions, d is the pitch-up unit spacing of the antenna, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency, and θ is the angle between the antenna surface and the normal line of the antenna base.

[0064] S50, adding the channel amplitude and phase difference caused by the calibration path of each channel to the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel to obtain the final amplitude and phase data of each channel.

[0065] In one embodiment of the present invention, the final amplitude and phase data of each channel is obtained, and the darkroom measurement unit sends the data to the wave control, which performs amplitude and phase compensation.

[0066] See also Figure 4 As shown, the present invention also provides a calibration system for a communication-in-motion phased array antenna, comprising:

[0067] The sampling rack is used to fix the probe, which moves to different positions as the sampling is carried out.

[0068] The vector network analyzer is used to be connected to the RF interface of the probe and the phased array antenna to be tested through RF cables.

[0069] The darkroom measurement unit is connected to the sampling rack and the vector network analyzer for controlling the sampling rack to drive the probe to sample, and obtain the coordinates of each channel through the vector network analyzer; then give instructions to the sampling rack to make the probe perpendicular to the antenna surface; then give instructions to the sampling rack to make the probe reach the coordinate position according to the coordinates of each channel for sampling, and obtain the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel through the vector network analyzer; then calculate the channel amplitude and phase difference value caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel, and add the channel amplitude and phase difference value caused by the calibration path of each channel according to the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel to obtain the final amplitude and phase data of each channel.

[0070] In one embodiment of the present invention, the first channel in the first sub-array antenna plane is used as a reference channel, and the coordinates of each channel are obtained by the following formula:

[0071] (y n,m， (z n,m -Z n1 ) / sin(θ));

[0072] In the formula, y n,m It is expressed as the y-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel unit in the n-th subarray antenna, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, and θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna surface and the normal of the antenna base.

[0073] In one embodiment of the present invention, the channel amplitude phase difference value caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel is calculated, including the phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel and the amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel.

[0074] Take the first channel in the first subarray antenna plane as the reference channel:

[0075] The phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(2π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ);

[0076] The amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(4π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ) 2 ;

[0077] In the formula, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna plane, Z n1 It is represented by the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, θ is represented by the angle between the subarray antenna and the normal of the antenna base, and λ is represented by the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency. In addition, the first channel unit in each subarray antenna does not need to be compensated.

[0078] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting from any point of view, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, and it is intended that all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are included in the present invention, and any reference numerals in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claims involved.

[0079] The above-described embodiments merely represent implementation methods of the invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements may be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calibration method for a moving phased array antenna, characterized in that: include: When calculating the calibration of each channel in the phased array antenna, the probe samples the coordinates of each channel; Adjust the probe inclination angle to make the probe perpendicular to the antenna surface; According to the coordinates of each channel, the probe is controlled to reach the coordinate position of each channel to obtain the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel; Calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel; The initial amplitude and phase data of each channel are added to the channel amplitude and phase difference values ​​caused by the calibration paths of each channel to obtain the final amplitude and phase data of each channel.

2. The calibration method of the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking the first channel in the first subarray antenna plane as the reference channel, the coordinates of each channel are obtained by the following formula: (y n,m， (With n,m -WITH n1 ) / sin(θ)); In the formula, y n,m It is expressed as the y-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel unit in the n-th subarray antenna, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, and θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna surface and the normal of the antenna base.

3. The calibration method of the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel, including the phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel and the amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel.

4. The calibration method of the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first channel in the first sub-array antenna plane is used as the reference channel; The phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(2π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ); The amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(4π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ) 2 ; In the formula, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna plane, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna and the normal of the antenna base, and λ is expressed as the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

5. The calibration method of the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first channel element in each subarray antenna does not require compensation.

6. A calibration system for a phased array antenna in motion, characterized in that: include: The sampling rack is used to fix the probe, which moves to different positions as the sampling is performed; A vector network analyzer, used for connecting to the RF interface of the probe and the phased array antenna to be tested respectively through RF cables; A darkroom measurement unit is connected to the sampling rack and the vector network analyzer for communication; Control the sampling rack to drive the probe to sample, and obtain the coordinates of each channel through the vector network analyzer; Then give instructions to the sampling stand to make the probe perpendicular to the antenna surface; Then give instructions to the sampling rack, so that the probe reaches the coordinate position according to the coordinates of each channel for sampling, and obtains the initial amplitude and phase data of each channel through the vector network analyzer; Then calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel, add the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the calibration path of each channel according to the initial amplitude phase data of each channel, and obtain the final amplitude phase data of each channel.

7. The calibration system for the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: Taking the first channel in the first subarray antenna plane as the reference channel, the coordinates of each channel are obtained by the following formula: (y n,m， (With n,m -WITH n1 ) / sin(θ)); In the formula, y n,m It is expressed as the y-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel unit in the n-th subarray antenna, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, and θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna surface and the normal of the antenna base.

8. The calibration system for the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that: Calculate the channel amplitude phase difference caused by the path difference from the probe to each channel, including the phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel and the amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel.

9. The calibration system for the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first channel in the first sub-array antenna plane is used as the reference channel; The phase error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(2π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ); The amplitude error that needs to be compensated for each channel is: -(4π(z n,m -Z n1 ) / tan(θ)λ) 2 ; In the formula, z n,m It is expressed as the z-axis coordinate of the m-th channel in the n-th subarray antenna plane, Z n1 It is expressed as the elevation spacing between the subarrays in the nth subarray antenna relative to the first subarray antenna, θ is expressed as the angle between the subarray antenna and the normal of the antenna base, and λ is expressed as the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency.

10. The calibration system for the communication-in-motion phased array antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The first channel element in each subarray antenna does not require compensation.

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