Anti-icing and deicing film with planar capacitor array and preparation method of anti-icing and deicing film

Abstract

The invention provides an anti-icing and deicing film with a planar capacitor array and a preparation method thereof.The anti-icing and deicing film comprises a first film layer which is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, the inner surface of the first film layer is used for being attached to the surface of a target structural body, and a second film layer which is arranged on the outer surface of the first film layer and comprises a film layer body made of a polyimide film, the planar capacitor array comprises a plurality of planar capacitors distributed in an array, each planar capacitor is composed of a laser-induced graphene electrode, and the laser-induced graphene electrode is formed by the outer surface, away from the first film layer side, of the laser graphical etching film layer body; the circuit is arranged on the inner surface, close to the first film layer side, of the film layer body, and the circuit is connected with the planar capacitors in the planar capacitor array; the third film layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene film and is arranged on the side, far away from the first film layer, of the second film layer, the outer surface, far away from the second film layer, of the third film layer is provided with a super-hydrophobic surface, and the film can monitor the icing condition of the surface of the structural body regionally and control heating and deicing regionally.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ice sensing composite anti-icing and deicing, and in particular to an anti-icing and deicing film with a planar capacitor array and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In low temperature environments, the surfaces of outdoor equipment such as aircraft, high-voltage power towers and wind turbines are easily affected by ice and cannot operate normally, which in turn causes serious accidents and huge losses. Therefore, it is necessary to arrange anti-icing films on the surface of the equipment to prevent ice formation and remove ice from the surface.

[0003] In the existing anti-icing film, the above purpose is usually achieved by using an ice sensing layer, a temperature sensing layer, an electric heating layer and an anti-icing layer. When the temperature sensing layer detects that the surface temperature of the target structure is below the freezing point and the ice sensing layer senses ice, the electric heating layer and the anti-icing layer are used to prevent ice removal. Although the film couples temperature monitoring with ice detection, it does not have the function of monitoring the surface icing process in different regions and measuring the thickness of the ice layer. In addition, the preparation process is cumbersome and the integration is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies in the prior art, the present application aims to provide an anti-deicing film with a planar capacitor array and a preparation method thereof, so as to realize the partition monitoring of the surface icing process; In a first aspect, the present application provides an anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array, comprising: A first film layer, wherein the first film layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and an inner surface of the first film layer is used to be attached to a surface of a target structure; A second film layer, the second film layer is arranged on the outer surface of the first film layer, and the second film layer includes: A membrane layer body, wherein the membrane layer body is made of a polyimide film; A planar capacitor array, wherein the planar capacitor array comprises a plurality of planar capacitors distributed in an array, each of the planar capacitors is composed of a laser-induced graphene electrode, and the laser-induced graphene electrode is formed by laser patterning and etching the outer surface of the film layer body away from the first film layer side; A circuit, the circuit is arranged on the inner surface of the film layer body close to the first film layer side, and the circuit is connected to each of the planar capacitors in the planar capacitor array; The third film layer is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and the third film layer is arranged on the side of the second film layer away from the first film layer. The outer surface of the third film layer away from the second film layer has a super hydrophobic surface formed by laser ablation.

[0005] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, a first through hole obtained by laser cutting is respectively provided on the film layer body at a corresponding position of each of the planar capacitors, and the laser induced graphene electrode is connected to the circuit through the first through hole.

[0006] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the laser induced graphene electrode is a spiral shape and / or an I-shape formed by winding the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0007] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the terminals of the first electrodes of the plurality of laser-induced graphene electrodes in the same vertical row are provided with independent first connection terminals, and the terminals of the second electrodes share the same first connection terminal; the opening end of the first electrode is connected with the corresponding first coupling electrode, and the first coupling electrodes corresponding to each of the laser-induced graphene electrodes constitute the circuit, and the opening end of the second electrode is connected with the corresponding second coupling electrode, and the first coupling electrode and the second coupling electrode corresponding to each of the laser-induced graphene electrodes together form the circuit.

[0008] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the first coupling electrodes of the plurality of laser induced graphene electrodes in the same horizontal row are provided with independent second connecting terminals, and the second coupling electrodes share the same second connecting terminal; each of the first connecting terminals and each of the second connecting terminals are connected to a metal wire.

[0009] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, several laser induced graphene electrodes in the same vertical column are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common first connection terminal and a metal wire connected to each independent second connection terminal to achieve interconnection; several laser induced graphene electrodes in the same horizontal row are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common second connection terminal and a metal wire connected to each independent first connection terminal to achieve interconnection; all the first connection terminals of several laser induced graphene electrodes in the same vertical column are connected to an LCR tester.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application proposes a method for preparing an anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array, which is used to prepare the anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array as described above, comprising the following steps: Obtaining a first polytetrafluoroethylene film and using it as the first film layer; Using a polyimide film as the film body, patterning the outer surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain a laser-induced graphene electrode, and then obtaining the planar capacitor array; patterning the inner surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain the circuit; On the film body, laser cutting is performed at a corresponding position of each laser induced graphene electrode to form a first through hole; Respectively connecting metal wires to a plurality of first connection terminals of the planar capacitor array and a plurality of second connection terminals of the circuit; Obtaining a second polytetrafluoroethylene film, and performing laser ablation on the outer surface of the second polytetrafluoroethylene film to form a super-hydrophobic surface, so as to obtain the third film layer; The circuit side of the second film layer is attached to the first film layer, and the opposite side of the super-hydrophobic surface of the third film layer is attached to the planar capacitor array side of the second film layer to obtain an anti-deicing film.

[0011] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the laser etching, the laser cutting and the laser ablation all adopt a CO2 laser engraving machine with a wavelength of 10.6 μm.

[0012] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine during the laser etching process are: laser scanning interval 40μm-60μm, laser scanning speed 400mm / s-800mm / s, laser power 10W-14W; during the laser ablation process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 100μm-200μm, laser scanning speed 40mm / s-60mm / s, laser power 0.3W-0.6W.

[0013] According to the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine during the laser cutting process are: laser scanning interval 40μm-60μm, laser scanning speed 20mm / s-40mm / s, laser power 10W-12W.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present application is that the planar capacitor array in the anti-deicing film can be used for ice monitoring. When the ice layer is formed on the outer surface of the third film layer, the capacitance value of the planar capacitor will change due to the different dielectric constant of the ice layer and the air. By monitoring the changes in the capacitance values ​​of each planar capacitor in the planar capacitor array, the icing conditions in different areas can be indirectly judged. When ice is detected, a suitable electrical signal can be applied to the planar capacitor array through a circuit, and the heat generated by the planar capacitor can be used to achieve deicing. Since the planar capacitor is composed of laser-induced graphene electrodes, and graphene has good electrical and thermal conductivity, it can generate Joule heat when powered on, thereby melting the ice layer and achieving the purpose of deicing. At the same time, the planar capacitor array includes a plurality of planar capacitors distributed in an array, which can realize regional monitoring. Planar capacitors at different positions can correspond to different monitoring areas. By measuring and analyzing the capacitance value of each planar capacitor separately, accurate monitoring of the icing conditions in different areas on the surface of the target structure can be realized, which solves the problem that the surface icing process cannot be monitored by region in the prior art. After icing is detected on the surface of the target structure, heating can be controlled by region, and the heat generated by the planar capacitor can be used to achieve regional deicing. In addition, the film is formed into laser-induced graphene electrodes by laser patterning etching, and the preparation of the planar capacitor array is relatively simple. The planar capacitor array and the circuit are integrated on the second film layer, which avoids the complex multi-layer structure and the cumbersome combination process of multiple materials. To a certain extent, it solves the problem of the cumbersome preparation process in the prior art, and the degree of integration is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an anti-deicing film with a planar capacitor array provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a planar capacitor formed by a spiral laser-induced graphene electrode and its corresponding circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a planar capacitor formed by an I-shaped laser-induced graphene electrode and its corresponding circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A schematic structural diagram of the outer surface and inner surface (the left is the outer surface, the right is the inner surface) of the second film layer having a spiral laser-induced graphene electrode provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram of the outer surface and inner surface (the left is the outer surface, the right is the inner surface) of the second film layer having an I-shaped laser induced graphene electrode provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] The text annotations in the figure represent: 1. First film layer; 2. Second film layer; 3. Third film layer; 21. Planar capacitor array; 211. Laser-induced graphene electrode; 212. First connecting terminal; 22. Circuit; 221. Second connecting terminal; 23. First through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the relevant invention, rather than to limit the invention. It is also necessary to explain that, for ease of description, only the parts related to the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0018] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0019] Example 1 As mentioned in the background technology, in response to the problems in the prior art, the present application proposes an anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array and a preparation method thereof to achieve partitioned monitoring of the surface icing process; In a first aspect, the present application proposes an anti-deicing film having a planar capacitor array, such as Figure 1 As shown, including: A first film layer 1, wherein the first film layer 1 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and an inner surface of the first film layer 1 is used to be attached to a surface of a target structure; Specifically, a polytetrafluoroethylene film is selected as the first film layer 1. The inner surface of the first film layer 1 will be attached to the surface of the target structure. The thickness can be selected according to actual needs. Generally, a polytetrafluoroethylene film with a thickness of 0.18 mm can be used.

[0020] The second film layer 2 is arranged on the outer surface of the first film layer 1, and the second film layer 2 includes: A membrane layer body, wherein the membrane layer body is made of a polyimide film; A planar capacitor array 21, wherein the planar capacitor array 21 comprises a plurality of planar capacitors distributed in an array, each of the planar capacitors is composed of a laser induced graphene electrode 211, and the laser induced graphene electrode 211 is formed by laser patterning and etching the outer surface of the film layer body away from the first film layer 1; Alternatively, if Figure 1 As shown, the planar capacitor array 21 is a 4*4 array distribution, with 16 planar capacitors distributed in the array. The form and number of the array distribution can be set according to the size and shape of the target structure surface.

[0021] A circuit 22, wherein the circuit 22 is disposed on the inner surface of the film layer body close to the first film layer 1, and the circuit 22 is connected to each of the planar capacitors in the planar capacitor array 21; Specifically, a polyimide film with a thickness of 0.1 mm is taken as the film body of the second film layer 2, and a CO2 laser engraving machine with a wavelength of 10.6 μm is used to perform graphic laser etching on the outer surface of the polyimide film away from the first film layer 1. The laser scanning interval can be set in the range of 40 μm-60 μm, the laser scanning speed is between 400 mm / s-800 mm / s, and the laser power is 10W-14W, forming a planar capacitor array 21 composed of laser-induced graphene electrodes 211. The laser-induced graphene electrode 211 here can be spiral and / or I-shaped, with an electrode width of 1 mm and a spacing of 1 mm. The connection node between the laser-induced graphene electrode 211 and the circuit 22 is a regular octagon with a side length of 1 mm. On the inner surface of the film body close to the first film layer 1 side, a CO2 laser engraving machine is also used for graphic laser etching to prepare a circuit 22 connected to each planar capacitor in the planar capacitor array 21. At the corresponding position of each planar capacitor on the film body, a first through hole 23 is obtained by laser cutting, and the connection node between the laser-induced graphene electrode 211 and the circuit 22 is placed in the first through hole 23, and the first through hole 23 provides an avoidance space for the connection between the two. During laser cutting, the laser scanning interval is 40μm-60μm, the laser scanning speed is 20mm / s-40mm / s, and the laser power is 10W-12W. The laser-induced graphene electrode 211 is connected to the circuit 22 through the first through hole 23.

[0022] The third film layer 3 is a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and is disposed on the side of the second film layer 2 away from the first film layer 1. The outer surface of the third film layer 3 away from the second film layer 2 has a super hydrophobic surface formed by laser ablation.

[0023] Specifically, a polytetrafluoroethylene film is selected as the third film layer 3, and a CO2 laser engraving machine is used to perform laser ablation on its outer surface away from the second film layer 2. The laser scanning interval is 100μm-200μm, the laser scanning speed is 40mm / s-60mm / s, and the laser power is 0.3W-0.6W, so as to form a super hydrophobic surface obtained by laser ablation.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, a first through hole 23 obtained by laser cutting is respectively provided on the film body at a corresponding position of each of the planar capacitors, and the laser-induced graphene electrode 211 is connected to the circuit 22 through the first through hole 23 .

[0025] Specifically, after the planar capacitor array 21 and the circuit 22 are prepared on the polyimide film, a CO2 laser engraving machine is used to perform laser cutting operation for each planar capacitor to cut out the first through hole 23. During laser cutting, the laser scanning interval is 40μm-60μm, the laser scanning speed is 20mm / s-40mm / s, and the laser power is 10W-12W. Through these first through holes 23, the laser-induced graphene electrode 211 can be connected to the circuit 22, so that the planar capacitor array 21 and the circuit 22 constitute a complete electrical system to realize the subsequent ice monitoring and deicing functions.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment, the laser induced graphene electrode 211 is in a spiral shape and / or an I-shape formed by winding a first electrode and a second electrode.

[0027] Specifically, high-precision laser equipment can be used to scan and irradiate the film body according to a pre-designed pattern, so that it undergoes structural transformation at a specific position, thereby forming the desired electrode shape. The spiral electrode can increase the effective contact area between the electrode and the external environment or other components, improve the efficiency of electrical signal transmission, and achieve a longer electrode length in a smaller space, which is conducive to enhancing electrical performance. The I-shaped electrode has both structural stability and unique electrical properties. In some application scenarios, the I-shaped structure helps to optimize current distribution and reduce signal interference.

[0028] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, it is a spiral laser-induced graphene electrode 211, such as Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, an I-shaped laser induced graphene electrode 211 is provided; it should be noted that the laser induced graphene electrode 211 at least includes but is not limited to a spiral shape and / or an I-shape; laser induced graphene electrodes 211 of different shapes are provided to achieve different capacitance performance and distribution modes to meet different ice monitoring and de-icing performance requirements.

[0029] Furthermore, the terminals of the first electrodes of the plurality of laser induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same vertical row are provided with independent first connection terminals 212, and the terminals of the second electrodes share the same first connection terminal 212; the opening ends of the first electrodes are connected with corresponding first coupling electrodes, and the first coupling electrodes corresponding to the laser induced graphene electrodes 211 constitute the circuit, and the opening ends of the second electrodes are connected with corresponding second coupling electrodes, and the first coupling electrodes and the second coupling electrodes corresponding to the laser induced graphene electrodes 211 together form the circuit 22.

[0030] Furthermore, the first coupling electrodes of the plurality of laser induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same horizontal row are provided with independent second connection terminals 221, and the second coupling electrodes share the same second connection terminal 221; each of the first connection terminals 212 and each of the second connection terminals 221 are connected with a metal wire.

[0031] Furthermore, a plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same vertical column are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common first connection terminal 212 and a metal wire connected to each independent second connection terminal 221 to achieve interconnection; a plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same horizontal row are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common second connection terminal 221 and a metal wire connected to each independent first connection terminal 211 to achieve interconnection; all the first connection terminals 211 of the plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same vertical column are connected to an LCR tester.

[0032] Specifically, the metal wire may be a copper wire. For each column of laser-induced graphene electrodes 211, after the preparation and arrangement of the laser-induced graphene electrodes 211 are completed, the laser-induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same column are connected to a common first connection terminal 212, and the first connection terminal 212 is led out using a copper wire, so that each column of laser-induced graphene electrodes 211 shares a first connection terminal 212. For the circuits 22 corresponding to the laser-induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same row, the circuits 22 in the same row are connected to a common second connection terminal 221, and the second connection terminal 221 is led out using a copper wire, so that each row of circuits 22 shares a second connection terminal 221.

[0033] Specifically, the planar capacitor array 21 and the circuit 22 are arranged on the front and back sides of the polyimide film, respectively, making full use of the space of the film, making the entire system more compact, and improving the integration of the film. This compact design helps to reduce the overall thickness and volume of the anti-icing film, making it easier to attach it to the surface of target structures of various shapes and sizes, such as aircraft, high-voltage towers, wind turbines and other outdoor equipment, to avoid affecting the normal operation of the equipment or increasing additional space due to the large size of the device.

[0034] Specifically, the electrode connection method in the same vertical row is helpful for monitoring the longitudinal area. The first connection terminal 212 independent of the first electrode terminal and the first connection terminal 212 shared by the second electrode terminal, combined with the first coupling electrode, enables independent capacitance value collection and analysis of the area corresponding to each electrode in the longitudinal direction. The electrode connection method in the same horizontal row, such as the second connection terminal 221 independent of the first coupling electrode and the second connection terminal 221 shared by the second coupling electrode, improves the monitoring system from the horizontal dimension. Through the criss-cross electrode layout and connection method, the entire anti-icing film coverage area can be accurately monitored in a grid-like manner. No matter where the icing area appears, it can be discovered in time. This connection method is convenient for distinguishing information from different areas and realizing regional icing monitoring on the surface of the target structure. When ice layers are formed in different areas, the plane capacitance of each area will reflect the icing information in the form of capacitance value changes due to its capacitance characteristics. This information is transmitted to the monitoring equipment (LCR tester) through the connection terminal and the metal wire to achieve accurate identification of the icing area, and provide more accurate information for subsequent deicing operations, so as to take targeted anti-icing measures for different areas. The electrodes in the same vertical and horizontal columns realize precise heating control of different areas through the connection with the power supply. Taking the laser-induced graphene electrodes 211 in the same vertical column as an example, the metal wires connected by the common first connection terminal 212 and the metal wires connected by the independent second connection terminals 221 are connected to the power supply together, and the areas in different vertical columns can be powered separately or simultaneously as needed. Similarly, the connection method of the electrodes in the same horizontal column can also achieve similar lateral area control. This criss-cross connection method constructs a flexible control network, which can accurately control the corresponding laser-induced graphene electrodes to enter the heating state for ice areas in different positions and different areas, realize efficient regional deicing, and do not affect other unfrozen or lightly frozen areas, avoid energy waste caused by overall heating, and improve energy utilization efficiency and deicing accuracy.

[0035] Example 2 Based on Example 1, this example proposes a method for preparing an anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array, which is used to prepare the anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array as described above, comprising the following steps: Obtaining a first polytetrafluoroethylene film and using it as the first film layer 1; Using a polyimide film as the film body, patterning the outer surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain a laser-induced graphene electrode 211, and then obtaining the planar capacitor array 21; patterning the inner surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain the circuit 22; On the film body, laser cutting is performed at the corresponding position of each laser induced graphene electrode 211 to form a first through hole 23; Respectively connecting metal wires to a plurality of first connection terminals 212 of the planar capacitor array 21 and a plurality of second connection terminals 221 of the circuit 22; Obtaining a second polytetrafluoroethylene film, and performing laser ablation on the outer surface of the second polytetrafluoroethylene film to form a super-hydrophobic surface, so as to obtain the third film layer 3; The side of the second film layer 2 having the circuit 22 is attached to the first film layer 1, and the opposite side of the super-hydrophobic surface of the third film layer 3 is attached to the side of the second film layer 2 having the planar capacitor array 21 to obtain an anti-deicing film.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the laser etching, the laser cutting and the laser ablation are all performed using a CO2 laser engraving machine with a wavelength of 10.6 μm.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, during the laser etching process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 40μm-60μm, laser scanning speed 400mm / s-800mm / s, laser power 10W-14W; during the laser ablation process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 100μm-200μm, laser scanning speed 40mm / s-60mm / s, laser power 0.3W-0.6W.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, during the laser cutting process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 40 μm-60 μm, laser scanning speed 20 mm / s-40 mm / s, laser power 10 W-12 W.

[0039] Example 3 On the basis of Example 1, this embodiment proposes an anti-icing method, which is implemented based on an anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array proposed in Example 1, and includes the following steps: At intervals of a first preset time length, a capacitance set is acquired, wherein the capacitance set includes a real-time capacitance value of each of the planar capacitors; Traversing the capacitor set, determining whether there is an area requiring deicing in the capacitor set, the area requiring deicing being an area corresponding to a planar capacitor whose real-time capacitance value is greater than or equal to a first preset threshold and is not in a heating state; wherein each planar capacitor has a heating state and a monitoring state; the heating state is the corresponding deicing state; If yes, obtain a corresponding deicing strategy according to the area of ​​the area to be deiced; The step of obtaining a corresponding deicing strategy according to the area of ​​the region to be deiced specifically includes the following steps: If the area of ​​the area to be deiced is smaller than the first preset area, all the areas to be deiced are controlled to enter the heating state at the same time; if the area of ​​the area to be deiced is greater than or equal to the first preset area, all the areas to be deiced are controlled to enter the heating state in sequence.

[0040] The controlling all the areas to be de-iced to enter a heating state in sequence specifically comprises the following steps: According to the difference between the real-time capacitance value of each area requiring deicing and the first preset threshold, the severity of icing of each area requiring deicing is obtained, and the areas requiring deicing are sorted from high to low according to the severity of icing to obtain the order of entering the heating state.

[0041] Before sorting the areas to be de-iced from high to low according to the severity of icing to obtain the order of entering the heating state, the method further includes the following steps: Determining whether the icing severity levels are the same; The step of sorting the deicing areas from high to low according to the severity of icing to obtain the order of entering the heating state specifically includes the following steps: If not, sorting the areas to be de-iced from high to low according to the severity of icing to obtain the order of entering the heating state; After determining whether the severity of the icing is the same, the following steps are also included: If so, the deicing-required areas with the same icing severity are taken as the first deicing-required areas; Arrange the first deicing-required areas according to their distance from the key operating parts of the target structure from near to far, to obtain a critical order of the first deicing-required areas; The criticality order of each of the first deicing-required areas is combined with the order of each of the deicing-required areas according to the icing severity from high to low, so as to obtain the order of entering the heating state.

[0042] Exemplarily, there is a drone whose wing surface is covered with an anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array 21. During the flight, a capacitor set is acquired every 5 minutes (first preset duration). After a certain acquisition, it was found that there were four deicing areas M, N, O, and P, and the difference between their real-time capacitance values ​​and the first preset threshold was 15, 12, 12, and 8, respectively. First, it was determined that the severity of icing of O and N was the same, and they were taken as the first deicing areas. Then it was measured that O was closer to the key parts of the drone wing (such as the leading edge of the wing). According to the above rules, the final heating order is M, O, N, and P.

[0043] Specifically, an anti-icing method proposed in this embodiment gives priority to heating the severely iced area, which can avoid the problems of long-term heating and uneven heating caused by thick ice layers, and effectively shorten the overall deicing time. For example, in the example, the M area with a difference of 15 in icing severity is heated first, which can quickly remove thick ice and save time for subsequent deicing work. Under the same icing severity, the area close to the key operating parts is heated first to ensure the normal operation of the key parts of the equipment and reduce the risk of equipment performance being affected by icing. Just like in the drone example, the O area close to the leading edge of the wing is heated first to ensure the normal aerodynamic performance of the wing and improve flight safety. A reasonable heating sequence can avoid unnecessary energy waste, ensure that energy is concentrated in areas that need to be treated first, and improve energy utilization efficiency. For example, when there are different icing conditions in multiple areas that need to be deiced, accurate heating sequence planning can make energy used on the cutting edge and avoid energy being dispersed in non-critical or lightly iced areas.

[0044] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of the present invention, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the inventive concept and technical solution to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array, characterized in that: include: A first film layer (1), the first film layer (1) being a polytetrafluoroethylene film, and the inner surface of the first film layer (1) being used for being attached to the surface of a target structure; A second film layer (2), the second film layer (2) being arranged on the outer surface of the first film layer (1), the second film layer (2) comprising: A membrane layer body, wherein the membrane layer body is made of a polyimide film; A planar capacitor array (21), the planar capacitor array (21) comprising a plurality of planar capacitors distributed in an array, each of the planar capacitors being composed of a laser-induced graphene electrode (211), the laser-induced graphene electrode (211) being formed by laser patterning and etching the outer surface of the film layer body away from the first film layer (1); A circuit (22), the circuit (22) being arranged on the inner surface of the film layer body close to the first film layer (1), the circuit (22) being connected to each of the planar capacitors in the planar capacitor array (21); A third film layer (3), the third film layer (3) being a polytetrafluoroethylene film, the third film layer (3) being arranged on a side of the second film layer (2) away from the first film layer (1), and an outer surface of the third film layer (3) away from the second film layer (2) having a super hydrophobic surface formed by laser ablation.

2. The anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first through hole (23) obtained by laser cutting is respectively provided on the film layer body at a position corresponding to each of the planar capacitors, and the laser-induced graphene electrode (211) is connected to the circuit (22) via the first through hole (23).

3. The anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser-induced graphene electrode (211) is in a spiral shape and / or an I-shape formed by winding a first electrode and a second electrode.

4. The anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array according to claim 3, characterized in that: The terminals of the first electrodes of the plurality of laser-induced graphene electrodes (211) in the same vertical row are provided with independent first connection terminals (212), and the terminals of the second electrodes share the same first connection terminal (212); the openings of the first electrodes are connected to corresponding first coupling electrodes, and the first coupling electrodes corresponding to the laser-induced graphene electrodes (211) form the circuit; the openings of the second electrodes are connected to corresponding second coupling electrodes, and the first coupling electrodes and the second coupling electrodes corresponding to the laser-induced graphene electrodes (211) together form the circuit (22).

5. The anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first coupling electrodes of a plurality of laser induced graphene electrodes (211) in the same horizontal row are provided with independent second connection terminals (221), and the second coupling electrodes share the same second connection terminal (221); each of the first connection terminals (212) and each of the second connection terminals (221) are connected to a metal wire.

6. The anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array according to claim 5, characterized in that: A plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes (211) in the same vertical column are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common first connection terminal (212) and a metal wire connected to each independent second connection terminal (221) to achieve interconnection; a plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes (211) in the same horizontal column are connected to a power supply through a metal wire connected to a common second connection terminal (221) and a metal wire connected to each independent first connection terminal (211) to achieve interconnection; and all the first connection terminals (211) of the plurality of the laser induced graphene electrodes (211) in the same vertical column are connected to an LCR tester.

7. A method for preparing an anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array, for preparing the anti-icing film with a planar capacitor array as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Obtaining a first polytetrafluoroethylene film and using it as the first film layer (1); Using a polyimide film as the film body, patterning the outer surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain a laser-induced graphene electrode (211), thereby obtaining the planar capacitor array (21); patterning the inner surface of the film body with laser etching to obtain the circuit (22); On the film layer body, laser cutting is performed at a corresponding position of each laser induced graphene electrode (211) to form a first through hole (23); Respectively connecting metal wires to a plurality of first connection terminals (212) of the planar capacitor array (21) and a plurality of second connection terminals (221) of the circuit (22); Obtaining a second polytetrafluoroethylene film, and performing laser ablation on the outer surface of the second polytetrafluoroethylene film to form a super-hydrophobic surface, so as to obtain the third film layer (3); The side of the second film layer (2) having the circuit (22) is attached to the first film layer (1), and the side opposite to the super-hydrophobic surface of the third film layer (3) is attached to the side of the second film layer (2) having the planar capacitor array (21), thereby obtaining an anti-deicing film.

8. The method for preparing an anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser etching, the laser cutting and the laser ablation all adopt a CO2 laser engraving machine with a wavelength of 10.6 μm.

9. The method for preparing an anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the laser etching process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 40μm-60μm, laser scanning speed 400mm / s-800mm / s, laser power 10W-14W; during the laser ablation process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 100μm-200μm, laser scanning speed 40mm / s-60mm / s, laser power 0.3W-0.6W.

10. The method for preparing an anti-icing film having a planar capacitor array according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the laser cutting process, the processing parameters of the CO2 laser engraving machine are: laser scanning interval 40μm-60μm, laser scanning speed 20mm / s-40mm / s, laser power 10W-12W.

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