Automatic peanut breeding and precision sowing device and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic peanut breeding and precision sowing device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, the device comprises a movable base, the base is provided with a screening and seed coating assembly, a precision sowing assembly for automatic precision sowing of peanut seeds, a fertilization assembly for breeding and an early warning assembly; peanut seeds are screened through a sieve plate, a seed coating agent is sprayed to the seeds, drying treatment is carried out, the seeds are conveyed to a sowing mechanism through a seed inlet in the bottom of a seed coming cabin to be sown, fine sowing is carried out at a certain distance, soil is ridged through a ridger at the bottom, and fertilizer is filled into the soil; then the sown soil is ridged through a ridging device, and during the period, obstacle early warning detection is conducted on the front through an infrared sensor; the device has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to use and comprehensive in function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the advancement of science and technology and the acceleration of agricultural modernization, agricultural production methods are gradually transforming towards intelligence and automation. This transformation aims to improve agricultural production efficiency, reduce labor costs, and improve the quality and output of agricultural products. Peanuts are an important economic crop in Fujian Province, ranking third among field grain and oil crops. Since Fujian Province is a typical hilly and mountainous area, the degree of mechanization in peanut field planting is low. Most of the important links in peanut production, such as seed selection, sowing, and fertilization, are manual operations. These links are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, with high labor costs, but also difficult to achieve precise control and standardized cultivation.

[0003] At present, there are some devices that can replace manual operation for peanut sowing, but these devices all have some shortcomings. For example, the device structure is too complicated, resulting in too high production cost of the whole device and inconvenience in later maintenance. In addition, most of the devices are not suitable for use in the hilly and mountainous areas in the south and have a narrow scope of application. In addition, the device functionality is insufficient, resulting in an increase in labor costs in actual use.

[0004] Existing peanut precision sowing devices, such as a peanut field breeding precision sowing machine provided by publication number CN114667828A, include a frame, a driving ground wheel device and a sowing device, wherein the sowing device includes a pre-seeding device, an air suction seed discharge device, an air suction seed cleaning device and a sowing adjustment device, etc.; the application claims that it can improve the seed filling efficiency during peanut sowing, reduce the peanut seed damage rate, and maintain the consistency of sowing depth during sowing; but since the overall structure of the application is too complicated, it has certain requirements on the user's operating technology, which leads to an increase in production costs and is not conducive to later maintenance. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention aims to provide an automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device and a method of use. By designing a screening and seed coating component, peanut seeds are screened and coated with seed coating agents. By designing a fine sowing component, a movable inoculation capsule cavity is connected to a seed cabin to hold seeds and sow the seeds. By designing a fertilization component, fertilizer is applied after the soil is ridged, and the soil is returned to the ridge. By designing an early warning component, obstacles in front of the device are detected, and the operator is reminded to slow down and avoid obstacles. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy use and comprehensive functions.

[0006] The main ideas of the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows: designing a screening seed coating component to screen peanut seeds through a screening channel, spraying seed coating agent on the screened seeds, and drying them with a blower; designing a fine sowing component to slide the piston structure downward when the lead weight rotates to the top to pull the inoculation capsule cavity to hold seeds from the seed cabin, and slide the piston structure downward when it rotates to the bottom to pull the inoculation capsule cavity to sow the peanut seeds in the land; designing a fertilization component to ridge the soil through a ridger located under the base, and apply the fertilizer in the storage bin to the ridged soil through the discharge port, and after seed sowing, return the soil for sowing seeds to the ridges through a ridger; designing an early warning component to detect obstacles through an infrared sensing sensor located in front of the base, and remind the operator at the rear to slow down and avoid the obstacle when an obstacle is detected.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device comprises a movable base, the base is provided with a seed coating screening component, the base is provided with a fine sowing component for automatic precision sowing of peanut seeds, the base is also provided with a fertilizing component for breeding, and one end of the base is also provided with an early warning component.

[0008] The screening and seed coating assembly includes a box body, a sieve plate is provided on the top of the box body, a seed coating agent cabin is provided above the sieve plate, and a drying fan is provided at the bottom of the box body; peanut seeds with larger particles are screened out by the sieve plate, the seed coating agent is sprayed on the peanut seeds through the seed coating agent cabin, and the peanut seeds sprayed with the seed coating agent are dried by the drying fan at the bottom of the box body.

[0009] The fine seeding component includes a shell fixed to the base near both sides, a seed chamber for collecting and screening peanut seeds screened by the seed coating component is provided on the top of the shell, a cabin with a seed inlet is fixed at the connection between the shell and the seed chamber, a correction track with a plurality of connecting holes is rotatably arranged in the shell in contact with the inner wall, a dual-axis motor is provided at the bottom of the base, power output shafts at both ends of the dual-axis motor penetrate into the shell and are connected to the seeding mechanism, and a seeding port is provided at the bottom of the shell; the dual-axis motor can drive the seeding mechanism and the correction track to rotate, and when the connecting holes on the correction track are directly opposite to the seed inlet of the cabin, the peanut seeds in the seed chamber can enter the shell.

[0010] The sowing mechanism includes a central fixed block, on which a plurality of lead sinkers are slidably arranged, and one end of the lead sinker away from the central fixed block is connected to an inoculation capsule cavity attached to the inner wall of the shell body through a reset spring, one side of the lead sinker block is also fixedly connected to a first piston, the first piston is slidably arranged in a vertical piston cavity, a second piston is also arranged on the top of the vertical piston cavity, one end of the second piston located outside the vertical piston cavity passes through a correction track and is slidably connected to the inoculation capsule cavity, and the inoculation capsule cavity can be connected to the connection hole on the correction track under the pull of the second piston; the dual-axis motor can drive the central fixed block The block rotates, and when the lead weight block is about to rotate to the top, it can slide downward and pull down the inoculation capsule cavity, and at the same time pull down the first piston, so that the second piston slides horizontally along the vertical piston cavity, and pulls the inoculation capsule cavity to be connected with the connecting hole on the correction track, so that the peanut seeds entering the shell fall into the inoculation capsule cavity; when the central fixed block continues to rotate, the lead weight block is reset under the action of the reset spring, and the inoculation capsule cavity is reset to fit the edge of the shell; when the lead weight block is about to rotate to the bottom of the shell, it slides downward again, and pushes the inoculation capsule cavity to be connected with the sowing port at the bottom of the shell, and the peanut seeds are sown into the soil at a fine sowing distance.

[0011] A connecting rod is also provided at the bottom of the vertical piston cavity, and the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the power output shaft of the dual-axis motor. A piston cavity fixing block is also sleeved on the vertical piston cavity.

[0012] The fertilization component includes a ridger and a ridge returner which are arranged in pairs below the two ends of the base, a storage bin is provided above the base, a diversion bin is provided at the discharge port of the storage bin, and discharge ports facing the ridgers on both sides are provided at the two ends of the bottom of the diversion bin; the soil is ridged by the ridgers on both sides, and the fertilizer in the storage bin is diverted by the diversion bin and sprinkled into the ridged soil from the discharge port. After being sown in the soil by the fine sowing component, the soil is returned to the ridge by the ridge returner.

[0013] The warning component includes an obstacle avoidance guardrail fixed to one end of the base, a plurality of infrared sensors are arranged on the obstacle avoidance guardrail, and a warning sound is arranged in the obstacle avoidance guardrail; when the infrared sensor detects an obstacle, the warning sound can remind the operator to pay attention to avoid the obstacle ahead.

[0014] The base is also provided with a handle for operators to push.

[0015] A method for using a peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device comprises the following steps: S1. Peanut seeds are sprinkled onto the top of the box body. The peanut seeds are screened through a sieve plate. The seed coating agent cabin sprays seed coating agent onto the seeds, and the seeds are dried through a drying fan and sent to the seed cabin; S2, the pushing device as a whole moves in the field, ridges the soil in the field through the ridger under the base, and applies fertilizer to the soil through the discharge port; S3, the peanut seeds in the seed cabin sequentially pass through the seed inlet and the connecting hole, fall into the inoculation capsule cavity in the sowing mechanism, and are sequentially sown into the soil through the sowing port at the bottom of the shell at a fine sowing distance; S4. The ridge return device under the base will return the soil filled with fertilizer and peanut seeds to ridges to complete the automatic breeding and precision sowing of peanuts.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. By designing a fine sowing component, the first piston and the second piston are driven to move by the sliding of the lead weight, and the inoculation capsule is pulled to put peanut seeds from the seed cabin, or the peanut seeds are sown through the sowing port at the bottom of the shell, and the sowing distance of each peanut seed can be adjusted according to the rotation speed of the dual-axis motor, so that the present invention has the advantage of being easy to use.

[0017] 2. The peanut seeds are screened and pre-treated by spraying the seed coating agent by setting up the screening seed coating component, and the soil is ridged and fertilizer is applied after the fertilization component is combined, and the fine sowing component is combined to carry out fine sowing at a certain distance in the soil, and the soil is returned to the ridge again. The operator can automatically complete the soil opening, fertilization and sowing processes by pushing the device forward, so that the present invention has the advantage of comprehensive functions.

[0018] 3. By setting up an early warning component, the infrared sensor located at the front end of the base scans the obstacles, and the early warning sound reminds the operator to avoid them, and an obstacle avoidance fence is set up. When the obstacles cannot be avoided, the device can be protected to a certain extent, so that the safety of the present invention is improved.

[0019] 4. The overall structure of the present invention is simpler than that of the existing device, thereby saving a lot of manufacturing costs and facilitating subsequent maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention; Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention; Figure 4 A top view of the present invention; Figure 5 A bottom view of the present invention; Figure 6 To screen the internal structure of the seed coating assembly; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the fine seeding component; Figure 8 This is a rear perspective view of the internal structure of the fine seeding component; Fig. 9 for Figure 7 A local detail view at point A; Fig.10 for Figure 7 A local detail view at point B; Fig.11 for Figure 2 A local detail view at C; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a ridger or a ridger.

[0021] Among them: 1. Base; 2. Seed coating screening component; 201. Box; 202. Screen plate; 203. Seed coating agent cabin; 204. Drying fan; 205. Seed coating agent nozzle; 3. Fine seeding component; 301. Shell; 302. Seed cabin; 303. Cabin channel; 304. Seed inlet; 305. Correction track; 306. Connection hole; 307. Dual-axis motor; 308. Power output shaft; 309. Seeding mechanism; 3091. Center fixing block; 3092. Lead weight; 3093. Reset spring; 3094. Inoculation capsule cavity; 3095. First piston; 3096. Vertical piston cavity; 3097, second piston; 3098, lead weight block connecting rod; 3099, inoculation bag cavity connecting rod; 310, sowing port; 311, connecting rod; 312, piston cavity fixing block; 4, fertilization assembly; 401, ridger; 4011, main body; 4012, wing; 4013, soil-opening channel; 4014, soil-opening tip; 4015, fixing plate; 4016, fixing shaft; 4017, reinforcement beam; 402, ridger; 403, storage bin; 404, diversion bin; 405, discharge port; 5, early warning assembly; 501, obstacle avoidance guardrail; 502, infrared sensor; 6, handle; 7, tire. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0023] The inventors have found that the process of planting peanuts involves a large number of manual operations, such as seed selection, sowing, and fertilization. These links are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also difficult to achieve precise control. Although there are some devices that can replace manual operations for peanut sowing, these devices all have some shortcomings, such as the device structure is too complicated, resulting in high technical requirements for operators, the overall production cost of the device is too high, and the subsequent maintenance is inconvenient; or the device is not suitable for low-lying, damp, sunken and stoney areas, and the scope of application is narrow; and the device is not functional enough, resulting in an increase in labor costs in actual use.

[0024] Based on the above findings, the present application proposes a peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device and a method of use, which designs a seed coating screening component, screens peanut seeds through a screening channel, sprays seed coating agent on the screened seeds, and dries them with a blower; designs a fine sowing component, slides down and squeezes the piston structure when the lead weight rotates to the top to pull the inoculation capsule cavity to hold seeds from the seed cabin, and slides down and squeezes the piston structure when it rotates to the bottom to pull the inoculation capsule cavity to sow the peanut seeds in the soil; designs a fertilization component, ridges the soil through a ridger located under the base, applies fertilizer in the storage bin to the ridged soil through the discharge port, and returns the soil where the seeds are sown to the ridges through a ridger after seed sowing; designs an early warning component, detects obstacles through an infrared sensing sensor located in front of the base, and reminds the operator at the rear to slow down and avoid obstacles when an obstacle is detected; it has the advantages of simple structure, easy use and comprehensive functions.

[0025] See also Figure 1-Figure 5 The present application discloses an automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device, comprising a movable base 1, the base 1 as a whole is made of a metal material with good strength and good corrosion resistance, a plurality of tires 7 are arranged at the four corners of the bottom thereof, and a handle 6 is arranged at the tail of the base 1 for the convenience of an operator to push. By arranging the tires 7 and the handle 6, the device as a whole can be used in low-lying, damp, sunken and stoney areas, thereby improving the application range of the device; See also Figure 6 The base 1 is provided with a seed-coating screening component 2, and the seed-coating screening component includes a box 201, a sieve plate 202 is provided on the top of the box 201, and the box 201 is made of a lightweight metal material with good corrosion resistance, and an inclined sieve plate 202 is fixed on the top of the box 201 by means of a clamping connection, etc., and is located below the sieve plate 202. The chamber at the higher end of the box 201 can collect the peanut seeds with smaller particles that are inconvenient to cultivate screened by the sieve plate 202, so that the larger-sized seeds with a higher survival rate can slide down for seed-coating treatment; A seed coating agent cabin 203 is provided in the middle position above the sieve plate 202. The seed coating agent cabin 203 is filled with seed coating agent. A plurality of seed coating agent nozzles 205 are provided at the bottom of the seed coating agent cabin 203 for spraying the seed coating agent onto the surface of the sieve plate 202. By spraying the seed coating agent onto the surface of the peanut seeds, the seeds can be protected from pests during the cultivation process, thereby improving the survival rate. The bottom of the box 201 is provided with a drying fan 204, which can discharge air through the sieve holes on the sieve plate 202 near the lower end when it is started, so as to dry the peanut seeds sprayed with the seed coating agent; at the same time, the lower end of the sieve plate 202 on the box 201 is also provided with a curved surface extending on both sides, so as to divert the peanut seeds and transport them to the fine sowing component 3 for sowing; See also Figure 7-Figure 8 The base 1 is provided with a fine sowing assembly 3 for automatically sowing peanut seeds, and the fine sowing assembly 3 includes a shell 301 fixed to the base 1 near both sides, and the shell 301 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and its material can be selected from metal or plastic materials with good strength; The top of the shell 301 is provided with a seed chamber 302 for collecting and screening the peanut seeds screened by the seed coating assembly 2. The seed chamber 302 is a cavity structure with a large upper portion and a small lower portion, and the entrance at the top faces the curved surfaces on both sides of the cavity 201; A tunnel 303 with a seed inlet 304 is fixed at the connection between the shell 301 and the seed chamber 302. A correction track 305 with a plurality of connection holes 306 is rotatably arranged in the shell 301 in contact with the inner wall. The correction track 305 is a ring-shaped track with a certain curvature. The tunnel 303 is fixed to the top of the shell 301 or the bottom of the seed chamber 302 by bonding or threading. The bottom shape of the tunnel 303 matches the outer ring shape of the correction track 305, and a seed inlet 304 that is just enough to allow a peanut seed to fall is opened in the middle of the tunnel 305. A plurality of connection holes 306 that match the seed inlet 304 are evenly distributed in the middle of the correction track 305. When the correction track 305 rotates along the shell 301, the plurality of connection holes 306 on its surface can follow the rotation and sequentially form communication with the seed inlet 304, so that the peanut seeds can enter the shell 301 from the seed chamber 302 one at a time. A dual-axis motor 307 is provided at the bottom of the base 1. The power output shafts 308 at both ends of the dual-axis motor 307 penetrate into the shell 301 and are connected to the sowing mechanism 309. A sowing port 310 is provided at the bottom of the shell 301. The dual-axis motor 307 can drive the two power output shafts 308 to rotate synchronously with the same direction. When the peanut seeds enter the shell 301, they can be received by the sowing mechanism 309, and when they rotate from the top to the bottom of the shell 301, they fall into the soil through the sowing port 310 for sowing. In addition, under normal circumstances, the rotation speed of the dual-axis motor 307 is relatively slow, which can drive the piston structure to slide due to the sliding of the lead weight 3092, or provide sufficient time for the reset spring 3093 to reset. By adjusting the rotation speed of the dual-axis motor 307 by a certain amount, or adjusting the spacing between the connecting holes 306 on the correction track 305, the peanut seeds can be sown at the required sowing distance, which can prevent the sowing distance from being too close and affecting the normal growth of peanuts. See also Figure 9-11 The sowing mechanism 309 includes a central fixed block 3091, which is located on one side of the housing 301 and has a circular hole that matches the diameter of the power output shaft 308 of the dual-axis motor 307. The power output shaft 308 penetrates the housing 301 and is fixed to the central fixed block 3091 by means of a key connection or the like. When the dual-axis motor 307 is started, the central fixed block 3091 can be driven to rotate; The central fixed block 3091 is slidably provided with a plurality of lead sinkers 3092, and one end of the lead sinker 3092 away from the central fixed block 3091 is connected to an inoculation capsule 3094 attached to the inner wall of the shell 301 through a reset spring 3093. Specifically, a plurality of lead sinker connecting rods 3098 are evenly slidably installed on the circumference of the central fixed block 3091 in a direction perpendicular to its cross-section, and the lead sinker connecting rods 3098 are fixed with lead sinkers 3092. The lead sinker connecting rods 3098 are far away from the central fixed block 3091. A first circular plate is fixed to one end of the central fixed block 3091, a return spring 3093 is fixed to the other side of the first circular plate, a second circular plate is fixed to the other end of the return spring 3093 away from the second circular plate, an inoculation capsule connecting rod 3099 is fixed to the center of the other side of the second circular plate, an inoculation capsule 3094 is fixed to the end of the inoculation capsule connecting rod 3099 away from the second circular plate, and the inoculation capsule 3094 is a very small bowl-shaped structure, and its internal cavity can just accommodate a peanut seed; The side wall of one side of the lead sinker 3092 is also fixedly connected to the side wall of the first piston 3095 through a fixed rod structure. The first piston 3095 is vertically slidably arranged in the vertical piston cavity 3096. The vertical piston cavity 3096 includes a vertical section and a horizontal section which are overall slender hollow cylindrical structures. A second piston 3097 is also slidably arranged in the horizontal section at the top of the vertical piston cavity 3096. When the lead sinker 3092 slides upward or downward, it can drive the first piston 3095 to slide upward or downward synchronously along the vertical section of the vertical piston cavity 3096, and drive the second piston 3097 to slide horizontally along the horizontal section through the action of air pressure. It should be noted that in some embodiments, since the plumb block 3092 is fixed to the first piston 3095 when necessary, a slide groove capable of sliding the fixed rod structure is provided at the bottom of the vertical piston chamber 3096, and the overall length of the first piston 3095 is much longer than the length of the slide groove. Therefore, when the plumb block 3092 drives the first piston 3095 to slide through the fixed rod structure, the top of the first piston 3095 will not be released to the top of the slide groove, thereby affecting the airtightness inside the vertical piston chamber 3096, thereby improving the overall reliability of the device. One end of the second piston 3097 located outside the vertical piston cavity 3096 passes through the correction track 305 and is slidably connected with the inoculation cavity 3094. When the dual-axis motor 307 drives the central fixed block 3091 to rotate, since the second piston 3097 passes through the correction track 305, the correction track 305 can be rotated synchronously. When the lead weight block 3092 is about to rotate to the center above the central fixed block 3091, it can slide downward through the sliding action of the lead weight block connecting rod 3098, and drive the first piston 3095 to slide down, and at the same time, the second piston 3097 slides inward along the horizontal section of the vertical piston cavity 3096, thereby pulling the inoculation cavity 3094 downward and pulling the inoculation cavity 3094 horizontally to make it fit to the connecting hole 306 on the correction track 305; When the inoculation cavity 3094 rotates to the center above the central fixed block 3091, the seed inlet 304 at the bottom of the seed cabin 302, the connecting hole 306 on the correction track 305 and the inoculation cavity 3094 are connected together, so that the peanut seeds can fall into the inoculation cavity 3094 alone. When the correction track 305 continues to rotate, the seed inlet 304 loses communication with the connecting hole 306 and the inoculation cavity 3094 until the correction track 305 and the next inoculation cavity 3094 rotate to the vertical position above the central fixed block 3091 again. When the inoculation capsule 3094 at this location continues to rotate, due to the restoring and stretching effect of the restoring spring 3093, the lead weight 3092 and the inoculation capsule 3094 can be reset toward the inner wall of the shell 301, and at the same time, the first piston 3095 and the second piston 3096 in the vertical piston cavity 3096 are reset synchronously to push the inoculation capsule 3094 laterally, and finally make the inoculation capsule 3094 fit the inner wall of the shell 301; When the inoculation cavity 3094 is about to rotate to the center below the central fixing block 3091, the lead weight 3092 slides downward again, and in the same way, the inoculation cavity 3094 is connected to the connection hole 306 on the correction track 305 and the sowing port 310 at the bottom of the shell 301 at the center below the central fixing block 3091, so that the peanut seeds in the inoculation cavity 3094 are sown into the soil; A connecting rod 311 is also provided at the bottom of the vertical piston cavity 3096, and the connecting rod 311 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft 308 of the dual-axis motor 307. A piston cavity fixing block 312 is also sleeved on the vertical piston cavity 3096. In some implementation schemes, evenly distributed mounting holes can be selected on the power output shaft 308 to allow the connecting rod 311 to be plugged and fixed at one end away from the bottom of the vertical piston cavity 3096. At the same time, the piston cavity fixing blocks 312 are all platforms with a cross-sectional shape close to a fan shape. Each piston cavity fixing block 312 is fixed to each other in a manner close to a mortise and tenon structure through a protrusion on one side and a recess on the other side, thereby forming a stable transmission relationship between the vertical piston cavity 3096 and the power output shaft 308, further improving the overall operating stability of the device; The base 1 is also provided with a fertilizing assembly 4 for breeding, and the fertilizing assembly 4 includes a ridger 401 and a ridge returner 402 arranged in pairs below the two ends of the base 1, the ridger 401 includes a vertical prism-shaped main body 4011, two inclined side wings 4012 are fixed on both sides of the main body 4011 by bolt connection or welding, a plurality of reinforcement beams 4017 are arranged between the main body 4011 and the side wings 4012, and a soil opening groove 4017 is arranged at the bottom of the main body 4011 and is perpendicular to the main body 4011. 013, the soil-opening channel 4013 is a hollow slender prism structure, which can allow a small amount of soil to pass through. The soil-opening tip 4014 is fixed to the end of the soil-opening channel 4013 away from the main body 4011 by bolt connection or welding. The top of the main body 4011 is plugged and fixed to the bottom of the base 1 by a fixed shaft 4016, which is located on the main body 4011, and a fixed plate 4015 is also fixed at the position in contact with the bottom of the base 1 to strengthen the connection strength between the ridger 401 as a whole and the base 1; The ridger 401 and the ridge return device 402 are both made of metal materials with relatively high strength, and the overall shapes of the ridge return device 402 and the ridger 401 are relatively similar, except that the ridge return device 402 does not have a soil-opening tip 4014. When the operator pushes the device as a whole to move in the field, the soil can be pushed to both sides by the soil-opening tip 4014 and the side wings 4012 of the ridger 401 to form a channel that is convenient for fertilizing and sowing. After fertilizing and sowing, the soil on both sides is pushed back into the channel by the ridge return device 402 to bury the peanut seeds. A storage bin 403 is provided above the base 1, and a diversion bin 404 is provided at the discharge port of the storage bin 403. Discharge ports 405 facing the ridger 401 or the ridge return device 402 on both sides are provided at both ends of the bottom of the diversion bin 404. Fertilizer is added to the storage bin 403. The bottom plate of the storage bin 403 has a certain inclination. When the fertilizer slides into the diversion bin 404, it can be discharged downward from the discharge ports 405 on both sides after diversion, and fall into the soil after the ridging of the ridger 401. When the device continues to move, the peanut seeds processed by the seed coating component 2 can be sown into the soil after the fertilizer is applied through the fine sowing component 3, and buried through the ridge return device 402, thereby completing the automatic breeding and fine sowing of peanut seeds; One end of the base 1 is also provided with an early warning component 5, and the early warning component 5 includes an obstacle avoidance guardrail 501 fixed to the front end of the base 1. The obstacle avoidance guardrail 501 is made of a metal material with high strength, and can provide a certain degree of protection for the entire device when the operator cannot avoid obstacles; a plurality of infrared sensors 502 are provided on the obstacle avoidance guardrail 501, and an early warning sound is provided in the obstacle avoidance guardrail 501. When the operator pushes the device to sow peanut seeds in the field, the infrared sensor 502 can detect obstacles in front. When an obstacle is detected, the infrared sensor 502 can drive the early warning sound to remind the operator to avoid the obstacles in front, which is conducive to improving the safety of the present invention.

[0026] A method for using a peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device comprises the following steps: S1, sprinkle peanut seeds to the higher side of the top of the box 201, the peanut seeds are screened by the sieve plate 202, and the seed coating agent is sprayed on the screened seeds through the seed coating agent cabin 203, and dried by the drying fan 204, and sent to the seed cabin 302; S2, using the handle 6 to push the device as a whole to move in the field, during which the early warning component 5 performs early warning detection of obstacles in front, ridges the soil in the field through the ridger 401 under the base 1, and fertilizer is applied to the soil through the discharge port 405; S3, the peanut seeds in the seed cabin 302 sequentially pass through the seed inlet 304 and the connecting hole 306, fall into the inoculation capsule 3094 in the sowing mechanism 309, and are sequentially sown into the soil through the sowing port 310 at the bottom of the shell 301 at a fine sowing distance; S4. The ridge return device 402 under the base 1 returns the soil filled with fertilizer and peanut seeds to ridges to complete the automatic breeding and precision sowing of peanut seeds.

[0027] Before sowing, fertilizer is poured into the storage bin 403, and the drying fan 204, the dual-axis motor 307, the infrared sensor 502 and the warning sound are started. After the peanut seeds are poured from the top of the box 201, the device is pushed to move along the field or cultivated land; When the device is moving, the soil can be ridged by the ridger 401 to form two sowing channels under the base 1, and the fertilizer can be discharged into the ridged channels through the discharge port 405; After the peanut seeds are screened by the sieve plate 202, the seed coating agent is sprayed through the seed coating agent cabin 203 and then dried, and the seeds slide into the seed cabins 302 on both sides, enter the inoculation capsule 3094 through the seed inlet 304 of the cabin channel 303 and the connecting hole 306 on the correction track 305, and are finely sown at a certain distance through the sowing mechanism 309. According to different sowing distance requirements, the rotation of the dual-axis motor 307 is adjusted to adjust the sowing distance of the peanut seeds; After the sowing is completed, the sown soil is returned to the ridge by the ridge return device 402; When the sowing operation is performed, obstacles are detected by the infrared sensor 502 in front, and the operator is reminded to avoid obstacles through the warning sound.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device, comprising a movable base (1), characterized in that: The base (1) is provided with a seed coating screening component (2), the base (1) is provided with a fine sowing component (3) for automatically sowing peanut seeds, the base (1) is provided with a fertilizing component (4) for breeding, and one end of the base (1) is also provided with an early warning component (5).

2. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed coating screening component (2) comprises a box body (201), a screen plate (202) is provided on the top of the box body (201), a seed coating agent cabin (203) is provided above the screen plate (202), and a drying fan (204) is provided at the bottom of the box body (1).

3. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fine seeding assembly (3) comprises a shell (301), a seed chamber (302) is provided on the top of the shell (301), a chamber passage (303) with a seed inlet (304) is provided at the connection between the shell (301) and the seed chamber (302), a correction track (305) with a plurality of connection holes (306) is rotatably provided in the shell (301), a dual-axis motor (307) is provided at the bottom of the base (1), a power output shaft (308) of the dual-axis motor (307) penetrates into the shell (301) and is connected to a seeding mechanism (309), and a seeding port (310) is provided at the bottom of the shell (1).

4. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sowing mechanism (309) comprises a central fixed block (3091), on which a plurality of lead sinkers (3092) are slidably arranged, and one end of the lead sinker (3092) away from the central fixed block (3091) is elastically connected to an inoculation capsule (3094), and one side of the lead sinker (3092) is also connected to a first piston (3095), and the first piston (3095) is slidably arranged in a vertical piston cavity (3096), and a second piston (3097) is also arranged on the top of the vertical piston cavity (3096), and one end of the second piston (3097) located outside the vertical piston cavity (3096) passes through the correction track (305) and is slidably connected to the inoculation capsule (3094), and the inoculation capsule (3094) can be connected to the connecting hole (306) on the correction track (305) under the pulling of the second piston (3097).

5. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A connecting rod (311) is also provided at the bottom of the vertical piston cavity (3096), and the connecting rod (311) is fixedly connected to the power output shaft (308) of the dual-axis motor (307). A piston cavity fixing block (312) is also sleeved on the vertical piston cavity (3096).

6. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizing assembly (4) comprises a ridger (401) and a ridge returner (402) arranged in pairs below the base (1); a storage bin (403) is provided above the base (1); a diversion bin (404) is provided at the discharge port of the storage bin (403); and discharge ports (405) facing the ridger (401) are provided at both ends of the bottom of the diversion bin (404).

7. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The early warning component (5) comprises an obstacle avoidance guardrail (501) fixed to one end of the base (1), a plurality of infrared sensors (502) are arranged on the obstacle avoidance guardrail (501), and an early warning sound is arranged in the obstacle avoidance guardrail (501).

8. The automatic peanut breeding precision sowing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) is also provided with a handle (6) for easy pushing.

9. A method for using a peanut automatic breeding precision sowing device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, peanut seeds are sprinkled onto the top of the box (201), the peanut seeds are screened by the sieve plate (202), the seed coating agent is sprayed on the seeds in the seed coating agent cabin (203), and the seeds are dried by the drying fan (204) and sent to the seed cabin (302); S2, the pushing device as a whole moves in the field, ridges the soil in the field through the ridger (401) below the base (1), and fertilizer is applied to the soil through the discharge port (405); S3, the peanut seeds in the seed chamber (302) sequentially pass through the seed inlet (304) and the connecting hole (306), fall into the inoculation capsule cavity (3094) in the sowing mechanism (309), and are sequentially sown into the soil through the sowing port (310) at the bottom of the housing (301) at a fine sowing distance; S4. The ridge returning device (401) below the base (1) returns the soil filled with fertilizer and peanut seeds to ridges, thereby completing automatic breeding and precision sowing of peanuts.

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