Method for efficiently raising seedlings of lucuma nervosa

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for efficiently raising seedlings of lucuma nervosa. The method comprises the following steps: (1) seed selection; (2) disinfection treatment; (3) hormone seed soaking; (4) accelerating germination culture; (5) seedling culture management. According to the method, through a series of innovative measures, the seedling raising period is remarkably shortened, the seedling raising process is greatly accelerated, the quality of the inoculated lucuma nervosa seedlings is excellent, the high-standard requirement of the grafting seedling raising technology is perfectly met, and the method is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And a strong catalyst and an active source are injected for flourishing and continuous prosperity of the lucuma nervosa industry in China.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for efficiently cultivating seedlings of egg yolk fruit. Background Art

[0002] Lucuma nervosa (Lucuma nervosa A.DC.), this name contains endless mystery and charm. It is not only a gift from nature, but also a double enjoyment for human taste buds and health. In folk culture, it is affectionately called fairy peach, lion head fruit, egg fruit and even peach olive. Each nickname contains people's praise for its unique shape and delicious taste. As a member of the genus lucuma in the Sapotaceae family, this perennial evergreen small tree, with its tenacious vitality, quietly blooms in the tropical rainforest, showing an indomitable natural beauty.

[0003] In recent years, the egg yolk fruit, which is native to Central and South America, has crossed the ocean and taken root in the fertile soil of tropical and subtropical regions such as Hainan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Yunnan, and Fujian in China. Some areas have even formed large-scale, industrialized planting bases. Here, the climate conditions of spring all year round provide a unique growth environment for the egg yolk fruit, making it more adaptable and almost unaffected by pests and diseases. The fruit is full and hangs on the branches, becoming a beautiful landscape.

[0004] The reason why egg yolk fruit is so popular is not only because of its attractive appearance - the fruit is round and full, with bright color, like a piece of exquisite art, but also because of its rich intrinsic nutritional value, which can be called a nutritional treasure house of nature. The content of plant polysaccharides in the egg yolk fruit pulp is as high as 29.1%-30.6%. This ingredient not only gives the egg yolk fruit a unique taste, but also shines in health care functions. Scientific research shows that plant polysaccharides can promote human metabolism, effectively eliminate toxins in the body, and thus reduce the risk of modern civilization diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease and diabetes. In addition, egg yolk fruit is also a high-quality source of vitamin C. The content of vitamin C in every 100 grams of pulp is as high as 51.8-69.2mg, far exceeding many common fruits. In addition, it is rich in minerals such as phosphorus, iron, calcium, and 12 essential amino acids and 7 polyphenol antioxidants for the human body, which together build a comprehensive and balanced nutrition system.

[0005] It is worth mentioning that the polyphenol antioxidants in the egg yolk fruit are like the guardians of nature. They can effectively resist the invasion of free radicals, enhance human immunity, delay the aging process, make the skin glow naturally, and achieve a beautiful transformation from the inside out. This unique antioxidant ability makes the egg yolk fruit stand out among many fruits and become a rare choice for modern people who pursue a healthy life.

[0006] The way to eat egg yolk fruit is even more diverse. Its flesh can not only be tasted directly to enjoy its unique sweetness and tenderness, but also processed into a variety of delicious dishes. Jam, cream, beverages, fruit wine... Each product fully retains the original flavor and rich nutrition of egg yolk fruit, allowing people to enjoy delicious food while also getting healthy nourishment.

[0007] With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of health awareness, the demand for green ecological, nutritious and health-care fruits is growing. With its unique advantages, egg yolk fruit not only meets this market demand, but also provides a rich choice for the market with its off-season characteristics around the Spring Festival, which is the off-season for fruits, filling the market gap. In particular, imported egg yolk fruit from Vietnam and Thailand is in short supply in the domestic market, and the price remains high, as high as 40-50 yuan / kg, showing its strong market competitiveness.

[0008] Faced with this broad market prospect, domestic producers are gearing up to actively invest in the cultivation and processing of egg yolk fruit. At the same time, with the continuous advancement of fruit processing, preservation, storage and other technologies, the output and quality of egg yolk fruit will be further improved, and the market share will continue to expand. In this process, Guangxi South Asian Tropical Agricultural Science Research Institute, as a standard application unit, will play an important role with its unique geographical location, climate advantages, germplasm resources and scientific and technological strength, promote the sustainable and healthy development of the egg yolk fruit industry, and inject new vitality into the development of characteristic agriculture and ecological agriculture.

[0009] There are many ways to cultivate egg yolk fruit, including seed propagation, branch ring technology (i.e. air layering), cutting propagation and grafting technology, among which seed propagation and branch ring technology are particularly commonly used due to their popularity. However, given that the branch ring method has a significant impact on the growth of the mother tree and has a relatively low propagation efficiency, seed propagation has become a more preferred method.

[0010] Seed propagation activities are usually carried out between January and February each year. At this time, mature and plump seeds need to be selected as sowing materials. After careful cleaning, these seeds will be placed in sand for a 10-15-day germination process. After about 60 days, the surface of the seeds will begin to show signs of "whitening", indicating that they are ready for new life. At this time, the seeds are sown one by one on the seedbed, and then gently covered with a layer of fine soil about 1 cm thick, and watered to moisten the soil. In order to protect these fragile seedlings from direct sunlight, straw, leaves or shade nets are laid on them to create a suitable growth environment.

[0011] However, the traditional egg yolk fruit sowing method faces many challenges, such as low seed germination rate, slow and uneven germination speed, weak seedling growth, poor root development, etc. These problems directly lead to a decrease in survival rate after transplanting and the overall sluggish seedling condition. This series of unfavorable factors undoubtedly constitutes an obstacle to the sustainable and healthy development of the egg yolk fruit planting industry, and it is urgent to overcome them through technological innovation and improvement.

[0012] The road to grafting seedlings is not an easy one. The cultivation of seedlings (i.e. rootstocks) is the cornerstone and the primary challenge. The traditional sand bed germination method often faces problems such as slow seed germination (taking 60 to 90 days), insufficient germination rate (only about 60%), and poor root development. These problems are directly related to the low survival rate after transplanting, which has laid hidden dangers for the smooth progress of subsequent grafting work.

[0013] It is worth noting that the rooting and germination performance of egg yolk fruit seeds varies greatly among different varieties. According to the literature (Xu Jian, Lu Yanchun, Wei Chizhang, Zhou Jing. Experiment on seed germination rate and grafting survival rate of different egg yolk fruit varieties (lines) [J]. Fruit Trees in Southern China, 2014, 43(01): 55-56.), there are significant differences in seed germination rate and seedling rate among different varieties. The overall average germination rate is 82.8%, while the average seedling rate of germinated seeds is 78.5%. In particular, Xiantao No. 2 and Xiantao No. 1 varieties performed outstandingly, both enjoying high germination and seedling rates, but upon closer examination, Xiantao No. 2 is even better, with both germination rate and seedling rate being better than Xiantao No. 1.

[0014] A Chinese patent application document (publication number: CN114451097A) discloses a method for efficient seedling cultivation of egg yolk fruit, including seed selection, disinfection treatment, hormone seed soaking, and cultivation management process. The method uses a hormone combination solution for treatment during the hormone seed soaking process. The treated egg yolk fruit seedlings grow normally, have vigorous vitality, and have a developed root system, but there are problems such as slow germination, long seedling cultivation cycle, and low transplant survival rate.

[0015] A Chinese patent application document (publication number: CN110915352A) discloses a method for accelerating the germination of egg yolk fruit seeds, including preparing the seedbed, laying the seedling matrix, sowing and accelerating the germination. The invention uses a light and simple seedling matrix to sow seedlings, soaks and disinfects the seeds with a sodium hypochlorite solution before sowing, soaks the seeds with warm water, and then soaks them with a rooting solution composed of kinetin, indolebutyric acid and gibberellin; after sowing, the seedbed is sprayed with a germination liquid composed of peptide sugar nutrients, organic matter, seaweed selenium, zeatin, γ-polyglutamic acid, gibberellin and aminoethyl hexanoate, which has a good germination-promoting effect on egg yolk fruit. The present invention can promote the germination of egg yolk fruit seeds, with a high seed germination rate, strong seedlings and a well-developed root system, but there is a problem of a relatively long germination time.

[0016] In view of this, it is particularly important to seek an innovative and efficient seedling method to accelerate the rooting and germination process of egg yolk fruit seeds, significantly shorten the seedling cycle, and significantly improve the germination speed, germination rate and survival rate after transplanting. This exploration is not only an innovation of traditional seedling technology, but also a key step in promoting the sustainable development of the egg yolk fruit industry. Summary of the invention

[0017] In view of the problems of slow germination, long seedling raising cycle, low transplant survival rate and the like in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for efficient seedling raising of egg yolk fruit, which is to accelerate the rooting and germination process of seeds, significantly improve the rooting rate and germination rate, and make the seedlings sprout uniformly, the seedlings grow strong and the root system is luxuriant, and the present invention has a high transplant survival rate. This series of measures not only greatly shortens the overall seedling raising cycle and accelerates the seedling raising efficiency, but also the cultivated egg yolk fruit seedlings are of excellent quality, fully meeting the stringent requirements of grafting seedling raising, and injecting strong impetus into promoting the vigorous development of my country's egg yolk fruit industry.

[0018] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0019] A method for efficiently raising egg yolk fruit seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0020] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds;

[0021] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0022] (3) Soaking the seeds with hormones: Soaking the lucuma seeds disinfected in step (2) in a hormone solution and then taking them out;

[0023] (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) with sterile water, evenly spread them in a tray, place filter paper at the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, place them at room temperature for germination, and replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate;

[0024] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds in step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix and is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moist. When the seedlings have grown to a certain leaf size and plant height, the arch film is completely removed. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent the seedlings from burning. After the seedlings are completed, they are removed from the nursery and transplanted into seedling bags for cultivation.

[0025] Preferably, the novel pharmaceutical composition described in step (1) comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate.

[0026] Preferably, the dosage of sodium hypochlorite is 0.1%-0.5% (w / v).

[0027] Preferably, the amount of the N,N-dialkylamide is 0.02%-0.08% (w / v).

[0028] Preferably, the dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.05%-0.2% (w / v).

[0029] Preferably, the amount of copper acetate is 0.01%-0.05% (w / v).

[0030] Preferably, in step (4), the hormone-soaked egg yolk fruit seeds are rinsed with sterile water for 2-3 times, evenly spread in a tray, 3-4 layers of filter paper are placed at the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, and soaked in nutrient solution.

[0031] Preferably, the modified matrix in step (5) is disinfected by spraying with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.08% to 0.12%.

[0032] Preferably, in step (5), the temperature inside the arch membrane is maintained at 24-31° C. and the humidity is maintained at 68%-86%.

[0033] Preferably, in step (5), the arch film is completely removed when the four true leaves of the seedling are fully unfolded and the plant height is 10 cm or more.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical advantages:

[0035] (1) This innovative technology not only completely awakens the dormant state of egg yolk fruit seeds, but also achieves a leap-forward reduction in seed germination time through a series of exquisite steps such as carefully designed seed screening, strict disinfection, high-efficiency hormone impregnation, scientific germination and meticulous seedling management. This technology not only allows seeds to quickly break through the soil and show unprecedented uniformity of germination, but also cultivates high-quality seedlings with strong roots and strong seedlings. These seedlings not only fully meet the stringent requirements of large-scale grafting seedling cultivation, but also lay a solid foundation for promoting the development of my country's egg yolk fruit industry to a higher level.

[0036] (2) With the application of the present invention, the germination rate of egg yolk fruit seeds is remarkable. It is not only fast and uniform, but also the length and thickness of its radicle and the significant elongation of the plumule provide an ideal choice for large-scale seedling cultivation. What is even more gratifying is that the egg yolk fruit seedlings treated with the technology of the present invention show extraordinary growth vitality and strong root structure, and can achieve an astonishing 100% survival rate after transplanting, which is undoubtedly a double leap in seedling cultivation efficiency and success rate. In addition, the technology of the present invention effectively shortens the entire seedling cultivation cycle and accelerates the seedling cultivation process, providing strong technical support for rapid response to market demand and expansion of production scale in actual production. Therefore, it is undoubtedly a technological innovation in the field of seedling cultivation that deserves wide promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The present invention discloses a method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit.

[0038] Figure 2 It is the mature and plump egg yolk fruit seeds.

[0039] Figure 3 , Figure 4 These are the different germination stages of egg yolk fruit seeds after germination and culture treatment.

[0040] Figure 5 To produce egg yolk fruit seedlings that meet the requirements for transplanting.

[0041] Figure 6 Transplant the egg yolk fruit seedlings into the seedling bags. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention is further described in detail below by way of examples. These examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0043] In the embodiment of the present invention, Figure 1 As shown, the method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and full-grained egg yolk fruit seeds (see Figure 2 );

[0045] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0046] The novel pharmaceutical composition comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate;

[0047] The dosage of sodium hypochlorite is 0.1%-0.5% (w / v);

[0048] The N,N-dialkylamide is used in an amount of 0.02%-0.08% (w / v);

[0049] The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.05%-0.2% (w / v);

[0050] The amount of copper acetate is 0.01%-0.05% (w / v);

[0051] (3) soaking the seeds with hormones: soaking the lucerne seeds disinfected in step (2) in a hormone solution and then taking them out; the hormone solution comprises gibberellins, kinetin, brassinosteroids and indolebutyric acid, wherein the mass concentration of the gibberellins is 50-75 mg / L, the mass concentration of the kinetin is 120-150 mg / L, the mass concentration of the brassinosteroids is 0.2-0.4 mg / L, the mass concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 1-3 mg / L, and the ratio of the four hormone combinations is 1:1:1:1;

[0052] (4) Germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) with sterile water for 2-3 times, spread them evenly in a tray, place 3-4 layers of filter paper on the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them with nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination. Replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate (see Figure 3 , Figure 4 );

[0053] The nutrient solution comprises 4%-9% of peptide sugar nutrients, 2%-4% of sodium alginate, 0.3%-0.7% of vitamin B, 0.1%-0.3% of glycine, 0.1%-0.2% of aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.02%-0.03% of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.1%-0.2% of biological bacteria, and the balance is water;

[0054] The biological bacteria are prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis liquid, silicate bacteria liquid, small shield mold liquid, and Bacillus pumilus liquid; the contents of each liquid are as follows: the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.3×10 10 cfu / mL, and the content of silicate bacteria was 1.6×10 9 cfu / mL, and the bacterial count of C. microplus was 1.2×10 9 cfu / mL, the bacterial count of short spore bacilli was 1.9×10 9 cfu / mL;

[0055] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds of step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to the seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix and is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moisturize. The temperature inside the arch film is maintained at 24-31°C and the humidity is maintained at 68%-86%. When the four true leaves of the seedlings are fully unfolded and the plant height is 10 cm or more, the arch film is completely uncovered. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent burning of the seedlings. The seedlings can be transplanted after 2.5 months of cultivation (see Figure 5 ) and transplanted into seedling bags for cultivation (see Figure 6 );

[0056] The improved substrate is sprayed and thoroughly disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.08% to 0.12%;

[0057] The improved matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of perlite, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of waste residue, 7 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves, 2 parts of Equisetum arvense, 5 parts of Paulownia leaves, 3 parts of turmeric, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 2 parts of conditioning agent, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 parts of ammonium polybutacrylate, and 120 parts of water;

[0058] The waste residue is composed of bagasse and cassava residue in a mass ratio of 2:5;

[0059] The conditioning agent is humic acid;

[0060] The composite bacteria, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 0.5 parts of rhizobia, 0.6 parts of phosphorus bacteria, 0.4 parts of potassium bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, and 2 parts of Bifidobacterium longum;

[0061] The method for preparing the improved matrix comprises the following steps:

[0062] 1) Weigh the raw materials respectively by weight;

[0063] 2) adding parts by weight of Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric into a grinder for grinding to obtain a mixed grind;

[0064] 3) adding peat soil, perlite, earthworm powder, waste residue, composite bacteria, conditioner, chitosan oligosaccharide, ammonium polybutacrylate, and water to the mixed and crushed product of step 2), and then mixing them evenly to obtain a material;

[0065] 4) placing the material obtained in step 3) in a fermentation room, controlling the room temperature at 35° C., and fermenting for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0066] 5) Drying: Spreading the fermented material obtained in step 4) on a drying ground for drying to obtain a drying material with a humidity of 24%;

[0067] 6) sterilizing the air-dried material obtained in step 5) to obtain an improved matrix.

[0068] Technical principle of the present invention:

[0069] 1. Technical principle of the new pharmaceutical composition

[0070] In the disinfection of egg yolk fruit seeds, a carefully formulated new drug combination was introduced. This innovative measure not only significantly improved the cleanliness and safety of seeds, but also promoted the healthy germination of seeds and the subsequent vigorous growth of plants. The combination cleverly combines four ingredients: sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate. Each ingredient plays an indispensable role in its unique field, and through a synergistic mechanism, they jointly build an efficient and safe disinfection system.

[0071] (1) The mechanism of action of sodium hypochlorite

[0072] As a strong oxidant, sodium hypochlorite plays a major role in sterilization and disinfection in this combination. It can penetrate the cell wall, destroy the cell membrane structure of bacteria, and denature the protein in bacteria, thereby achieving the purpose of quickly killing pathogens. Its dosage is strictly controlled within the range of 0.1%-0.5% (w / v), which not only ensures the disinfection effect, but also avoids damage to seeds due to excessive concentration, such as cell dehydration or reduced activity.

[0073] (2) Synergistic effect of N,N-dialkylamides

[0074] N,N-dialkylamide, as a surfactant, plays a role in enhancing permeability and assisting sterilization in the combination. It can reduce the surface tension of the liquid, making it easier for disinfection ingredients such as sodium hypochlorite to penetrate into the tiny gaps on the surface of the seeds, thereby improving the overall disinfection effect. At the same time, its appropriate addition (0.02%-0.08% w / v) can also help remove grease and dirt on the surface of the seeds, creating a more favorable environment for the subsequent disinfection process.

[0075] (3) Biological activity of notoginseng saponins

[0076] The addition of notoginseng saponins gives this disinfectant composition more biological activity and protection mechanisms. With its unique pharmacological effects, notoginseng saponins can stimulate the natural defense mechanism of seeds and enhance their resistance to pathogens. In addition, it also has the function of regulating plant growth and promoting cell division, providing certain nutritional support for the healthy germination of seeds. Its dosage (0.05%-0.2% w / v) has been precisely calculated to achieve the best balance between biological effects and economic benefits.

[0077] (4) Micro-adjustment of copper acetate

[0078] Although copper acetate is used in very small amounts (0.01%-0.05% w / v) as a trace element in the combination, its role cannot be ignored. Copper acetate can adjust the pH value of the solution and create a suitable environment for the disinfection process. At the same time, its copper ions also have a weak antibacterial effect and can assist other ingredients in inhibiting the growth of pathogens. In addition, an appropriate amount of copper is also one of the trace elements necessary for plant growth and has a certain promoting effect on the subsequent growth of seeds.

[0079] (5) The necessity of controlling dosage

[0080] Strictly controlling the dosage of each ingredient is the key to ensuring the effectiveness and safety of this new pharmaceutical composition. Too high or too low a concentration may affect the disinfection effect or cause unnecessary damage. For example, too high a concentration of sodium hypochlorite may cause damage to seed cells, while an excessive amount of N,N-dialkylamide may destroy the natural protective layer on the surface of the seeds. Therefore, through scientific proportioning and precise control, the thoroughness of disinfection is guaranteed, and the health and vitality of the seeds are maintained, laying a solid foundation for the high quality and high yield of egg yolk fruit.

[0081] 2. Technical principles of hormones

[0082] When exploring this carefully proportioned hormone solution in depth, the present invention has to analyze in detail its four core components - gibberellins, kinetin, brassinosteroids and indolebutyric acid, each of which plays an indispensable role in promoting seed germination and accelerating the germination process with its unique physiological effects.

[0083] (1) Gibberellic acid (GA): As an important growth regulator widely present in plants, the mass concentration of GA in this solution is precisely controlled within the range of 50-75 mg / L. Gibberellic acid within this concentration range can significantly promote the elongation of the embryonic axis of seeds, break the dormancy of seeds, and quickly transition seeds from a dormant state to an active growth stage. Gibberellic acid provides a strong endogenous driving force for seed germination by stimulating cell division and elongation, and is the key to starting the growth cycle.

[0084] (2) Kinetin (KT): Kinetin, also known as cytokinin, is another key growth regulator with a mass concentration of 120-150 mg / L. It is mainly responsible for promoting cell division, especially in active growth areas such as root tips and bud tips. During seed germination, kinetin and gibberellins work synergistically to not only accelerate cell proliferation, but also enhance communication and coordination between cells, laying a solid foundation for the formation and expansion of new tissues. This synergistic effect enables seeds to form roots and buds more quickly, significantly improving germination speed and survival rate.

[0085] (3) Brassinosteroids (BRs): Although its mass concentration is only 0.2-0.4 mg / L, which seems insignificant, brassinosteroids, as a new type of plant hormone, play an extremely important role. It mainly improves the overall growth potential of plants by regulating cell wall relaxation, promoting cell expansion, and affecting physiological processes such as photosynthesis. During the seed germination stage, brassinosteroids can optimize cell morphology and enhance the cell's ability to absorb water and nutrients, thereby indirectly promoting rapid seed germination. At the same time, its synergistic effect with the first two hormones further strengthens the transmission and response of growth signals, ensuring the smooth progress of the germination process.

[0086] (4) Indolebutyric acid (IBA): As an analog of auxin, the mass concentration of indolebutyric acid in this solution is 1-3 mg / L. It is mainly responsible for promoting the formation and development of the root system. In the early stage of seed germination, indolebutyric acid can guide the unequal division of root tip cells to form root hairs and lateral roots, thereby enhancing the absorption area and efficiency of the root system. This effect not only ensures that the seeds can obtain sufficient water and minerals during the germination process, but also lays a solid foundation for subsequent growth and development by enhancing the stability of the root system. More importantly, the synergistic effect of indolebutyric acid and the other three hormones forms an efficient growth regulation network, making the entire germination process more coordinated and efficient.

[0087] In summary, while these four hormones play their own unique roles, they also promote the germination process of seeds through complex signal transduction pathways and synergistic effects. They complement and strengthen each other, forming a powerful driving force for growth, allowing seeds to break through their shackles in a shorter time and usher in the spring of life. This carefully proportioned hormone solution is undoubtedly one of the important means in modern agricultural technology to promote efficient crop growth and increase yields.

[0088] 3. Technical principles of nutrient solution

[0089] In exploring this carefully formulated nutrient solution in depth, the inventor had to carefully analyze the unique functions of each of its components and how they work together ingeniously to promote efficient germination of seeds, thus achieving a remarkable technological breakthrough.

[0090] (1) Peptide-sugar nutrients (4%-9%): As one of the core ingredients in the nutrient solution, peptide-sugar nutrients are not only rich in small molecule peptides and sugar substances that are easy for plants to absorb, but can also effectively stimulate the physiological activity of seeds, accelerate cell division and metabolism, and provide a strong energy basis for seed germination. Its wide content range design ensures that it can play the best performance in different crop types and growth environments, without over-stimulation or over-conservation, and achieves precise nutrient supply.

[0091] (2) Sodium alginate (2%-4%): As a natural polymer compound, sodium alginate plays a dual role as a thickener and nutrient enhancer in the nutrient solution. It can adjust the viscosity of the nutrient solution, help other nutrients adhere more evenly to the surface of the seeds, prolong the contact time, and improve the absorption efficiency. At the same time, sodium alginate itself is rich in a variety of minerals and trace elements, which can further promote the growth and development of seeds and enhance the stress resistance of seedlings.

[0092] (3) Vitamin B (0.3%-0.7%): As an essential coenzyme component for plants, vitamin B plays an irreplaceable role in promoting the activation of the enzyme system inside seeds and accelerating nutrient conversion. Its proper addition ensures that seeds can quickly utilize the nutrients provided by the outside world during the germination process, convert them into the driving force for their own growth, and accelerate the formation of roots and buds.

[0093] (4) Glycine (0.1%-0.3%): Glycine is a non-essential amino acid that does not directly participate in protein synthesis, but it performs well in regulating the osmotic pressure in plants and enhancing cell stress resistance. Adding an appropriate amount of glycine can help seeds resist adverse external environments in the early stages of germination, maintain cell stability, and improve germination rate and seedling quality.

[0094] (5) Aminoethyl hexanoate (0.1%-0.2%): This is a highly effective plant growth regulator that can significantly promote the division and elongation of plant cells and accelerate the transportation and accumulation of nutrients. Adding a small amount to the nutrient solution can quickly activate the growth potential of seeds and enable them to reach the optimal germination state in a relatively short period of time.

[0095] (6) α-Naphthylacetic acid (0.02%-0.03%): As an auxin analog, α-naphthylacetic acid can simulate the effects of endogenous auxin in plants, promote the development and elongation of seed roots, inhibit the growth of lateral buds, and concentrate seed energy on the growth of main roots and main buds, thereby improving the uniformity and strength of seedling emergence.

[0096] (7) Biological bacteria (0.1%-0.2%): This part is carefully compounded by Bacillus subtilis, silicate bacteria, Cleome spp. and Bacillus pumilus, each of which carries a unique ecological function. Bacillus subtilis protects seeds from pathogens with its strong stress resistance and antibacterial ability; silicate bacteria can decompose silicate minerals in the soil and release the nutrients needed by crops; Cleome spp. and Bacillus pumilus are good at promoting root development and the benign cycle of soil microecology, respectively. These biological bacteria work synergistically to not only enhance the fertility and air permeability of the soil, but also significantly improve the germination efficiency of seeds and the robustness of seedlings, achieving a natural ecological effect that chemical fertilizers cannot achieve.

[0097] (8) Precise control of component dosage: The dosage of each of the above components has been strictly screened and tested to ensure that they can achieve maximum effectiveness at the optimal ratio. Too much or too little may affect the overall effect or even have a negative effect. For example, although peptide sugar nutrients are good, excessive amounts may cause excessive nutrition in seeds and cause rot; insufficient biological bacteria content will prevent the formation of an effective microbial community and make it difficult to achieve the expected ecological improvement effect. Therefore, precise control of the dosage of each component is the key to achieving efficient germination of nutrient solution and an important manifestation of technological innovation and breakthroughs.

[0098] 4. Technical principles of improved matrix

[0099] When deeply discussing the improved matrix specially designed for promoting the growth of egg yolk fruit seedlings, the present invention has to carefully analyze the unique contribution of each raw material and the synergistic mechanism between them, and at the same time explain the extreme importance of accurately controlling the amount of raw materials and optimizing the process steps.

[0100] (1) Peat soil (50 parts): As the core component of the matrix, peat soil is rich in organic matter and has excellent water and fertilizer retention capabilities, providing a stable and lasting nutritional environment for egg yolk fruit seedlings. Its loose and porous structure also helps the root system breathe and promotes root development.

[0101] (2) Perlite (10 parts): Perlite is known for its good air permeability and drainage. It can effectively regulate the water balance in the substrate and prevent root rot caused by water accumulation. At the same time, it increases the permeability of the substrate and promotes the expansion of the root system.

[0102] (3) Earthworm powder (4 servings): Rich in earthworm enzymes and a variety of trace elements, it can significantly enhance the microbial activity of the soil and promote the absorption and utilization of nutrients by plants. At the same time, the natural growth hormone in earthworm powder has a positive effect on plant growth.

[0103] (4) Waste residue (bagasse and cassava residue, 12 parts in total, mass ratio 2:5): These agricultural wastes are rationally proportioned, which not only reduces environmental pollution, but also enriches the matrix as organic matter, increases carbon sources, promotes the reproduction of microorganisms, and provides an additional source of nutrition for plants.

[0104] (5) Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric (17 samples in total): These plant materials are rich in auxins, vitamins, and a variety of active ingredients, which can be effectively released after being crushed to promote the growth and development of custard apple seedlings and enhance their stress resistance.

[0105] (6) Composite bacteria (rhizobia, phosphate bacteria, potassium bacteria, etc., 5 parts in total): These microorganisms can fix nitrogen, dissolve phosphorus and potassium through symbiotic relationships, improve soil fertility, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, build a healthy rhizosphere environment, and significantly promote the growth of egg yolk fruit seedlings.

[0106] (7) Conditioner (humic acid, 2 parts): Humic acid can improve soil structure, increase soil aggregate structure, improve soil water and fertilizer retention capacity, and directly stimulate plant roots to promote root growth.

[0107] (8) Chitosan oligosaccharides and ammonium polybutyrate (1.6 parts in total): Chitosan oligosaccharides have the function of inducing plant resistance and promoting growth; ammonium polybutyrate is an excellent soil conditioner that can enhance the soil aggregate structure. The combined effect of the two further improves the comprehensive performance of the matrix.

[0108] (9) Synergy and technical effects

[0109] Through scientific proportioning, these raw materials not only achieve complementary advantages in physical properties (such as water retention and air permeability, nutrition and microbial activity), but also stimulate synergy at the biochemical level. The introduction of complex bacterial flora not only improves soil fertility, but also builds a stable microbial community, effectively resisting the invasion of soil-borne diseases. The active ingredients in plant materials interact with microbial metabolites, further promoting the root development and nutrient absorption of egg yolk fruit seedlings, achieving a dual increase in growth rate and quality.

[0110] (10) Necessity of raw material dosage and process steps

[0111] Precisely controlling the amount of raw materials is the key to ensuring stable and efficient substrate performance. Too much or too little of a certain component may break the balance within the substrate and affect the final effect. For example, too much peat soil may lead to reduced air permeability, while too little composite bacteria will not be able to fully exert its biological fertilizer effect.

[0112] In the preparation process, the order and condition setting of each step are also crucial. The crushing step ensures the effective release of plant materials, and uniform mixing is the prerequisite for ensuring the uniform distribution of various components. The temperature and time control in the fermentation step directly affect the activity of microorganisms and the accumulation of metabolites, which in turn affect the final quality of the matrix. The drying and sterilization steps ensure the hygienic safety and appropriate moisture content of the matrix, providing an ideal environment for seedling growth.

[0113] In summary, the preparation process of the improved matrix of the present invention is a process of fine regulation and synergistic enhancement. Each step is indispensable and each parameter needs to be carefully set to ensure that the final product can maximize the growth of egg yolk fruit seedlings and achieve unexpected technical effects.

[0114] In order to make the disclosure of the present invention more complete, it is described below through more specific embodiments.

[0115] Example 1

[0116] A method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit comprises the following steps:

[0117] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds;

[0118] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0119] The novel pharmaceutical composition comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate;

[0120] The sodium hypochlorite dosage is 0.10% (w / v);

[0121] The amount of N,N-dialkylamide is 0.03% (w / v);

[0122] The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.06% (w / v);

[0123] The amount of copper acetate is 0.01% (w / v);

[0124] (3) soaking the seeds with hormones: soaking the lucerne seeds disinfected in step (2) in a hormone solution and then taking them out; the hormone solution comprises gibberellins, kinetin, brassinosteroids and indolebutyric acid; the mass concentration of the gibberellins is 51 mg / L, the mass concentration of the kinetin is 122 mg / L, the mass concentration of the brassinosteroids is 0.2 mg / L, the mass concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 1.3 mg / L, and the ratio of the four hormone combinations is 1:1:1:1;

[0125] (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) twice with sterile water, evenly spread them in a tray, place three layers of filter paper on the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination. Replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate;

[0126] The nutrient solution comprises 4.2% of peptide sugar nutrients, 2.1% of sodium alginate, 0.3% of vitamin B, 0.1% of glycine, 0.11% of aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.02% of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.1% of biological bacteria, and the balance is water;

[0127] The biological bacteria are prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis liquid, silicate bacteria liquid, small shield mold liquid, and Bacillus pumilus liquid; the contents of each liquid are as follows: the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.3×10 10 cfu / mL, and the content of silicate bacteria was 1.6×10 9cfu / mL, and the bacterial count of C. microplus was 1.2×10 9 cfu / mL, the bacterial count of short spore bacilli was 1.9×10 9 cfu / mL;

[0128] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds of step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix, and the seedling base is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moisturize. The temperature inside the arch film is kept at 25° C. and the humidity is 70%. When the two true leaves of the seedling are fully unfolded and the plant height is 16 cm or more, the arch film is completely uncovered. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent burning of the seedlings. After 2.5 months of seedling cultivation, the seedlings can be transplanted to seedling bags for cultivation;

[0129] The improved substrate is sprayed and thoroughly disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.09%;

[0130] The improved matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of perlite, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of waste residue, 7 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves, 2 parts of Equisetum arvense, 5 parts of Paulownia leaves, 3 parts of turmeric, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 2 parts of conditioning agent, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 parts of ammonium polybutacrylate, and 120 parts of water;

[0131] The waste residue is composed of bagasse and cassava residue in a mass ratio of 2:5;

[0132] The conditioning agent is humic acid;

[0133] The composite bacteria, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 0.5 parts of rhizobia, 0.6 parts of phosphorus bacteria, 0.4 parts of potassium bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, and 2 parts of Bifidobacterium longum;

[0134] The method for preparing the improved matrix comprises the following steps:

[0135] 1) Weigh the raw materials respectively by weight;

[0136] 2) adding parts by weight of Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric into a grinder for grinding to obtain a mixed grind;

[0137] 3) adding peat soil, perlite, earthworm powder, waste residue, composite bacteria, conditioner, chitosan oligosaccharide, ammonium polybutacrylate, and water to the mixed and crushed product of step 2), and then mixing them evenly to obtain a material;

[0138] 4) placing the material obtained in step 3) in a fermentation room, controlling the room temperature at 35° C., and fermenting for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0139] 5) Drying: Spreading the fermented material obtained in step 4) on a drying ground for drying to obtain a drying material with a humidity of 24%;

[0140] 6) sterilizing the air-dried material obtained in step 5) to obtain an improved matrix.

[0141] Example 2

[0142] A method for efficiently raising egg yolk fruit seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0143] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds;

[0144] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0145] The novel pharmaceutical composition comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate;

[0146] The amount of sodium hypochlorite is 0.30% (w / v);

[0147] The amount of N,N-dialkylamide is 0.06% (w / v);

[0148] The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 1.00% (w / v);

[0149] The amount of copper acetate is 0.03% (w / v);

[0150] (3) soaking the seeds with hormones: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds after the disinfection treatment in step (2) in a hormone solution, and then taking them out; the hormone solution comprises gibberellin, kinetin, brassinosteroid, and indolebutyric acid, wherein the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 60 mg / L, the mass concentration of the kinetin is 132 mg / L, the mass concentration of the brassinosteroid is 0.3 mg / L, the mass concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 2.5 mg / L, and the ratio of the four hormone combinations in the solution is 1:1:1:1;

[0151] (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) with sterile water for three times, evenly spread them in a tray, place three layers of filter paper on the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination. Replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate;

[0152] The nutrient solution comprises 5.2% of peptide sugar nutrients, 3.0% of sodium alginate, 0.6% of vitamin B, 0.2% of glycine, 0.2% of aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.03% of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.15% of biological bacteria, and the balance is water;

[0153] The biological bacteria are prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis liquid, silicate bacteria liquid, small shield mold liquid, and Bacillus pumilus liquid; the contents of each liquid are as follows: the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.3×10 10 cfu / mL, and the content of silicate bacteria was 1.6×10 9 cfu / mL, and the bacterial count of C. microplus was 1.2×10 9 cfu / mL, the bacterial count of short spore bacilli was 1.9×10 9 cfu / mL;

[0154] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds of step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix, and the seedling base is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moisturize. The temperature inside the arch film is kept at 28° C. and the humidity is 75%. When the three true leaves of the seedlings are fully unfolded and the plant height is 8 cm or more, the arch film is completely uncovered. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent burning of the seedlings. After 2.5 months of seedling cultivation, the seedlings can be transplanted to seedling bags for cultivation;

[0155] The improved substrate is sprayed and thoroughly disinfected with a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution;

[0156] The improved matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of perlite, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of waste residue, 7 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves, 2 parts of Equisetum arvense, 5 parts of Paulownia leaves, 3 parts of turmeric, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 2 parts of conditioning agent, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 parts of ammonium polybutacrylate, and 120 parts of water;

[0157] The waste residue is composed of bagasse and cassava residue in a mass ratio of 2:5;

[0158] The conditioning agent is humic acid;

[0159] The composite bacteria, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 0.5 parts of rhizobia, 0.6 parts of phosphorus bacteria, 0.4 parts of potassium bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, and 2 parts of Bifidobacterium longum;

[0160] The method for preparing the improved matrix comprises the following steps:

[0161] 1) Weigh the raw materials respectively by weight;

[0162] 2) adding parts by weight of Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric into a grinder for grinding to obtain a mixed grind;

[0163] 3) adding peat soil, perlite, earthworm powder, waste residue, composite bacteria, conditioner, chitosan oligosaccharide, ammonium polybutacrylate, and water to the mixed and crushed product of step 2), and then mixing them evenly to obtain a material;

[0164] 4) placing the material obtained in step 3) in a fermentation room, controlling the room temperature at 35° C., and fermenting for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0165] 5) Drying: Spreading the fermented material obtained in step 4) on a drying ground for drying to obtain a drying material with a humidity of 24%;

[0166] 6) sterilizing the air-dried material obtained in step 5) to obtain an improved matrix.

[0167] Example 3

[0168] A method for efficiently raising egg yolk fruit seedlings comprises the following steps:

[0169] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds;

[0170] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0171] The novel pharmaceutical composition comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate;

[0172] The sodium hypochlorite dosage is 0.3% (w / v);

[0173] The amount of N,N-dialkylamide is 0.04% (w / v);

[0174] The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.08% (w / v);

[0175] The amount of copper acetate is 0.02% (w / v);

[0176] (3) soaking the seeds with hormones: soaking the lucerne seeds disinfected in step (2) in a hormone solution and then taking them out; the hormone solution comprises gibberellins, kinetin, brassinosteroids and indolebutyric acid; the mass concentration of the gibberellins is 56 mg / L, the mass concentration of the kinetin is 124 mg / L, the mass concentration of the brassinosteroids is 0.2 mg / L, the mass concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 1.6 mg / L, and the ratio of the four hormone combinations is 1:1:1:1;

[0177] (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) twice with sterile water, evenly spread them in a tray, place three layers of filter paper on the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination. Replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate;

[0178] The nutrient solution comprises 5.0% of peptide sugar nutrients, 2.5% of sodium alginate, 0.4% of vitamin B, 0.2% of glycine, 0.1% of aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.02% of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.11% of biological bacteria, and the balance is water;

[0179] The biological bacteria are prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis liquid, silicate bacteria liquid, small shield mold liquid, and Bacillus pumilus liquid; the contents of each liquid are as follows: the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.3×10 10 cfu / mL, and the content of silicate bacteria was 1.6×10 9 cfu / mL, and the bacterial count of C. microplus was 1.2×10 9 cfu / mL, the bacterial count of short spore bacilli was 1.9×10 9 cfu / mL;

[0180] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds of step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix, and the seedling base is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moisturize. The temperature inside the arch film is kept at 26° C. and the humidity is kept at 72%. When the four true leaves of the seedling are fully unfolded and the plant height is 10 cm or more, the arch film is completely uncovered. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent burning of the seedlings. After 2.5 months of seedling cultivation, the seedlings can be transplanted to seedling bags for cultivation;

[0181] The improved substrate is sprayed and thoroughly disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.08% to 0.12%;

[0182] The improved matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of perlite, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of waste residue, 7 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves, 2 parts of Equisetum arvense, 5 parts of Paulownia leaves, 3 parts of turmeric, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 2 parts of conditioning agent, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 parts of ammonium polybutacrylate, and 120 parts of water;

[0183] The waste residue is composed of bagasse and cassava residue in a mass ratio of 2:5;

[0184] The conditioning agent is humic acid;

[0185] The composite bacteria, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 0.5 parts of rhizobia, 0.6 parts of phosphorus bacteria, 0.4 parts of potassium bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, and 2 parts of Bifidobacterium longum;

[0186] The method for preparing the improved matrix comprises the following steps:

[0187] 1) Weigh the raw materials respectively by weight;

[0188] 2) adding parts by weight of Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric into a grinder for grinding to obtain a mixed grind;

[0189] 3) adding peat soil, perlite, earthworm powder, waste residue, composite bacteria, conditioner, chitosan oligosaccharide, ammonium polybutacrylate, and water to the mixed and crushed product of step 2), and then mixing them evenly to obtain a material;

[0190] 4) placing the material obtained in step 3) in a fermentation room, controlling the room temperature at 35° C., and fermenting for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0191] 5) Drying: Spreading the fermented material obtained in step 4) on a drying ground for drying to obtain a drying material with a humidity of 24%;

[0192] 6) sterilizing the air-dried material obtained in step 5) to obtain an improved matrix.

[0193] Example 4

[0194] A method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit comprises the following steps:

[0195] (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds;

[0196] (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds;

[0197] The novel pharmaceutical composition comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate;

[0198] The dosage of sodium hypochlorite is 0.5% (w / v);

[0199] The amount of N,N-dialkylamide is 0.07% (w / v);

[0200] The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.18% (w / v);

[0201] The amount of copper acetate is 0.04% (w / v);

[0202] (3) soaking the seeds with hormones: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds after the disinfection treatment in step (2) in a hormone solution, and then taking them out; the hormone solution comprises gibberellin, kinetin, brassinosteroid, and indolebutyric acid, wherein the mass concentration of the gibberellin is 72 mg / L, the mass concentration of the kinetin is 145 mg / L, the mass concentration of the brassinosteroid is 0.4 mg / L, the mass concentration of the indolebutyric acid is 2.8 mg / L, and the ratio of the four hormone combinations in the solution is 1:1:1:1;

[0203] (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) with sterile water for 3 times, evenly spread them in a tray, place 4 layers of filter paper on the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination. Replenish the nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate;

[0204] The nutrient solution comprises 8.5% of peptide sugar nutrients, 3.6% of sodium alginate, 0.6% of vitamin B, 0.2% of glycine, 0.2% of aminoethyl hexanoate, 0.03% of α-naphthylacetic acid, 0.2% of biological bacteria, and the balance is water;

[0205] The biological bacteria are prepared by mixing Bacillus subtilis liquid, silicate bacteria liquid, small shield mold liquid, and Bacillus pumilus liquid; the contents of each liquid are as follows: the bacterial content of Bacillus subtilis is 1.3×10 10 cfu / mL, and the content of silicate bacteria was 1.6×10 9 cfu / mL, and the bacterial count of C. microplus was 1.2×10 9 cfu / mL, the bacterial count of short spore bacilli was 1.9×10 9 cfu / mL;

[0206] (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds of step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix, and the seedling base is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moisturize. The temperature inside the arch film is kept at 30° C. and the humidity is kept at 82%. When the four true leaves of the seedling are fully unfolded and the plant height is 10 cm or more, the arch film is completely uncovered. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent burning of the seedlings. After 2.5 months of seedling cultivation, the seedlings can be transplanted to seedling bags for cultivation;

[0207] The improved substrate is sprayed and thoroughly disinfected with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.11%;

[0208] The improved matrix includes the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of peat soil, 10 parts of perlite, 4 parts of earthworm powder, 12 parts of waste residue, 7 parts of Platycladus orientalis leaves, 2 parts of Equisetum arvense, 5 parts of Paulownia leaves, 3 parts of turmeric, 5 parts of composite bacteria, 2 parts of conditioning agent, 1 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 parts of ammonium polybutacrylate, and 120 parts of water;

[0209] The waste residue is composed of bagasse and cassava residue in a mass ratio of 2:5;

[0210] The conditioning agent is humic acid;

[0211] The composite bacteria, in parts by weight, includes the following raw materials: 0.5 parts of rhizobia, 0.6 parts of phosphorus bacteria, 0.4 parts of potassium bacteria, 1.5 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, and 2 parts of Bifidobacterium longum;

[0212] The method for preparing the improved matrix comprises the following steps:

[0213] 1) Weigh the raw materials respectively by weight;

[0214] 2) adding parts by weight of Platycladus orientalis leaves, Equisetum arvense, Paulownia tomentosa leaves, and Turmeric into a grinder for grinding to obtain a mixed grind;

[0215] 3) adding peat soil, perlite, earthworm powder, waste residue, composite bacteria, conditioner, chitosan oligosaccharide, ammonium polybutacrylate, and water to the mixed and crushed product of step 2), and then mixing them evenly to obtain a material;

[0216] 4) placing the material obtained in step 3) in a fermentation room, controlling the room temperature at 35° C., and fermenting for 4 days to obtain a fermented material;

[0217] 5) Drying: Spreading the fermented material obtained in step 4) on a drying ground for drying to obtain a drying material with a humidity of 24%;

[0218] 6) sterilizing the air-dried material obtained in step 5) to obtain an improved matrix.

[0219] Comparative Example 1

[0220] The method of Example 1 in the Chinese patent application document "Method for Efficient Cultivation of Egg Yolk Fruit Seedlings (Publication No.: CN114451097A)" was used to rapidly root and sprout egg yolk fruit seeds, wherein the exogenous hormone combination GA3+BR used in step (3) was GA3 (100 mg / L): BR (0.05 mg / L) = 1:1.

[0221] Comparative Example 2

[0222] The method of Example 4 in the Chinese patent application document "A method for accelerating germination of egg yolk fruit seeds (publication number: CN110915352A)" was used to cultivate egg yolk fruit seeds.

[0223] Comparative Example 3

[0224] Use the traditional seedling raising method, select mature and plump seeds, wash them and store them in sand for 12 days to germinate, and after 60 days, sow them on the bed surface, then cover them with 1 cm thick fine soil and water them, and finally shade them with a shade net.

[0225] (I) Rooting and germination test of egg yolk fruit seeds

[0226] Seed germination was carried out using the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1. During the germination of the seeds, the rooting rate (radicle length ≥ 5 mm), radicle length, radicle thickness, germination rate (pluripotent stem length ≥ 3 mm), and plumule length were investigated on the 15th day. The investigation results are shown in Table 1.

[0227] Table 1 Rooting and germination results of egg yolk fruit seeds

[0228]

[0229] Note: The data of radicle length, diameter and plumule length in the table are measured by randomly selecting 10 seeds and calculating the average value.

[0230] As can be seen from Table 1, by using the methods of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Example 1, the rooting rates of egg yolk fruit seeds within 15 days were all 100%, but the radicle length, thickness, germination rate and plumule length of the seeds obtained by the methods of Examples 1-4 were significantly better than those obtained by using the method of Comparative Example 1, indicating that the method of the present invention can effectively solve the problems of slow germination and long seedling raising period in the prior art, highlighting that the technology of the present invention is a significant improvement over the prior art.

[0231] (II) Experiment on germination and seedling growth of egg yolk fruit

[0232] The germination of seeds and the growth of seedlings of the egg yolk fruit of Examples 1-4 of the present invention and Comparative Examples 2-3 were statistically analyzed, and the results are shown in Table 2.

[0233] Table 2 Germination and seedling growth of egg yolk fruit

[0234] project Germination rate (%) Germination time (days) Is the budding uniform? Transplant survival rate (%) Example 1 99.5 34 yes 100 Example 2 100 27 yes 100 Example 3 99.6 29 yes 100 Example 4 99.8 32 yes 100 Comparative Example 2 97.5 60 yes 99.1 Comparative Example 3 88.2 90 no 92.1

[0235] Note: Germination rate (%) = (number of germinated seeds / number of sown seeds) × 100%.

[0236] Transplant survival rate (%) = (number of transplanted surviving seedlings / number of transplanted seedlings) × 100%.

[0237] As can be seen from Table 2, by adopting the method of the present invention, the germination rate of egg yolk fruit seeds reaches more than 99.5%, the germination time does not exceed 34 days, and the germination is neat. Compared with the prior art (Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2), the germination rate and transplant survival rate are significantly improved, and the germination time is significantly shortened, which highlights that the technology of the present invention has significant progress over the prior art.

[0238] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Seed selection: Select mature, healthy, and plump lucuma seeds; (2) Disinfection: soaking the egg yolk fruit seeds selected in step (1) in a solution of the novel pharmaceutical composition for disinfection, then washing with warm water and drying to obtain disinfected egg yolk fruit seeds; (3) Soaking the seeds with hormones: Soaking the lucuma seeds disinfected in step (2) in a hormone solution and then taking them out; (4) germination culture: rinse the egg yolk fruit seeds soaked with hormones in step (3) with sterile water, evenly spread them in a tray, place filter paper at the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds, soak them in nutrient solution, and place them at room temperature for germination, replenish nutrient solution in a timely and quantitative manner to keep the egg yolk fruit seeds moist, so that the egg yolk fruit seeds germinate; (5) Seedling management: After the egg yolk fruit seeds in step (4) begin to take root and sprout, they are transferred to a seedling base for normal seedling management. The seedling base uses an improved matrix and is covered with an arch film to keep warm and moist. When the seedlings have grown to a certain leaf size and plant height, the arch film is completely removed. When the light is strong during the day, a sunshade net is covered above the seedling base to prevent the seedlings from burning. After the seedlings are completed, they are removed from the nursery and transplanted into seedling bags for cultivation.

2. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The novel pharmaceutical composition described in step (1) comprises sodium hypochlorite, N,N-dialkylamide, notoginseng saponin and copper acetate.

3. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dosage of the sodium hypochlorite is 0.1%-0.5% (w / v).

4. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dosage of the N,N-dialkylamide is 0.02%-0.08% (w / v).

5. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dosage of notoginseng saponin is 0.05%-0.2% (w / v).

6. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The amount of copper acetate is 0.01%-0.05% (w / v).

7. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (4), the hormone-soaked egg yolk fruit seeds are rinsed with sterile water for 2-3 times, evenly spread in a tray, and 3-4 layers of filter paper are placed at the bottom of the tray and on the egg yolk fruit seeds to soak them in nutrient solution.

8. The method for efficiently raising egg yolk fruit seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified substrate described in step (5) is disinfected by spraying with a potassium permanganate solution having a mass fraction of 0.08% to 0.12%.

9. The method for efficiently raising seedlings of egg yolk fruit according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), the temperature inside the arch membrane is maintained at 24-31° C. and the humidity is maintained at 68%-86%.

10. The method for efficiently raising egg yolk fruit seedlings according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (5), when two or more true leaves of the seedling are fully expanded and the plant height is 8.0 cm or more, the arch film is completely removed.

Images