A laboratory exhaust treatment device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides a laboratory tail gas treatment device, comprising: a reaction tank having a liquid ammonia storage area, a sublimation area and a reaction area arranged in sequence from bottom to top perpendicular to the ground direction; a dry ice feeding system communicating with the reaction area through a first inlet arranged on the side wall of the reaction tank for introducing dry ice into the reaction area; a pressure control system comprising a pressure sensor installed at the top of the reaction area of the reaction tank for real-time acquisition of pressure data inside the reaction tank, and an automatic pressure regulating device comprising an automatic pressure regulating valve in communication with the pressure sensor; a cyclone shunt device communicating with the reaction tank through a second outlet arranged on the side wall of the reaction tank for separating solid particles from gaseous components in the reaction product; and a tail gas trapping system connected with the cyclone shunt device through a gas outlet thereof for treating the separated gaseous components, reducing the residual ammonia gas concentration and purifying the tail gas emission.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of environmental protection, and particularly relates to a laboratory tail gas treatment device. BACKGROUND

[0002] During chemical experiments or process research, laboratories often emit tail gas containing trace harmful gases such as ammonia and hydrogen sulfide. If these tail gases are directly discharged without treatment, they may cause serious harm to the atmospheric environment and human health. At present, laboratory tail gas treatment technologies mainly include adsorption, catalytic oxidation, and wet scrubbing methods, but these methods still have some obvious limitations:

[0003] Low reaction efficiency: The existing devices lack precise control over key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and reactant ratio during the treatment process, resulting in low reaction efficiency and difficulty in fully treating some harmful gases.

[0004] High energy consumption: For example, catalytic oxidation requires high temperature conditions, which consumes a lot of energy and has high operating costs, making it unsuitable for small-scale laboratory applications.

[0005] Poor product separation effect: Existing technologies have limited separation ability for solid particles and gaseous components in reaction products, which can lead to low product purity and affect subsequent treatment effectiveness.

[0006] Incomplete tail gas purification: The tail gas treatment device has insufficient removal effect on residual harmful gases, especially for volatile components such as ammonia, which cannot meet strict environmental emission standards.

[0007] In view of the above problems, it is an urgent need to develop a small-scale tail gas treatment device that is efficient, precise, and energy-saving for laboratory environments. The present application designs a new type of tail gas treatment device based on the reaction of liquid ammonia and dry ice, which integrates multiple functional modules such as sublimation, reaction, separation, and tail gas purification to achieve efficient treatment and standard emission of laboratory tail gas. SUMMARY

[0008] The first aspect of the present disclosure provides a laboratory tail gas treatment device, which comprises:

[0009] a reaction tank having a liquid ammonia storage area, a sublimation area, and a reaction area arranged in sequence from bottom to top in a direction perpendicular to the ground, the liquid ammonia storage area is used to store liquid ammonia and is connected to the sublimation area through a first outlet arranged at the top of the liquid ammonia storage area, the sublimation area is provided with a heating system for sublimating liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia, and the reaction area comprises a stirring device for forming a mixing reaction between dry ice and sublimated gaseous ammonia;

[0010] A dry ice feeding system is provided to introduce dry ice into the reaction zone through a first inlet provided in the side wall of the reactor tank;

[0011] A cyclone separator is provided to separate solid particles from gaseous components in the reaction product through a second outlet provided in the side wall of the reactor tank;

[0012] A pressure control system is provided, which comprises:

[0013] A pressure sensor is installed at the top of the reaction zone of the reactor tank to collect pressure data inside the reactor tank in real time,

[0014] An automatic pressure regulating device is provided, which comprises an automatic pressure regulating valve connected to the pressure sensor, with its inlet connected to the second outlet and its outlet connected to the first inlet, for dynamically adjusting the flow rate of gaseous ammonia according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor to achieve pressure balance;

[0015] An exhaust gas trapping system is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone separator to treat the separated gaseous components, reduce the concentration of residual ammonia gas, and purify the exhaust gas emission.

[0016] In combination with the first aspect, the reaction zone of the reactor tank is provided with a mechanical stirring device connected to an external driving system to improve the reaction efficiency of dry ice and gaseous ammonia and shorten the reaction time.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, the heating system comprises an integrated temperature control module to adjust the temperature of the sublimation zone through a temperature control feedback mechanism to ensure that liquid ammonia sublimates into gaseous ammonia.

[0018] In combination with the first aspect, the automatic pressure regulating valve of the pressure control system has a multi-stage regulating function to dynamically adjust the feeding ratio of gaseous ammonia and dry ice.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, the cyclone separator comprises:

[0020] A solid separation unit separates solid particles from the reaction product through centrifugal separation principle and discharges them through a solid outlet;

[0021] A gas separation unit processes the separated gaseous components by connecting to the exhaust gas trapping system to reduce the ammonia gas concentration in the exhaust gas to below 10 ppm.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, the exhaust gas trapping system comprises:

[0023] A multi-stage filtration module is used to remove trace impurities in gaseous products;

[0024] An adsorption unit uses a chemical adsorbent to absorb residual ammonia gas;

[0025] The safe discharge unit is discharged after monitoring the tail gas emission to meet the standard through the gas concentration detection device.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect, the outer wall material of the liquid ammonia storage area comprises polyether urethane and has a heat insulation layer to ensure the temperature stability of the liquid ammonia during storage.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, the device further comprises an integrated control platform, which communicates data with the pressure sensor, the stirring device and the automatic pressure adjusting device through the data acquisition and processing module, and realizes intelligent monitoring and control of the entire reaction process.

[0028] Beneficial effects: The laboratory tail gas treatment device of the present application realizes efficient and collaborative treatment of liquid ammonia sublimation, dry ice mixing reaction, solid-gas separation and tail gas purification through modular design, which not only can accurately control the temperature, pressure and reactant ratio during the reaction process, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and product purity, but also realizes efficient separation of solid particles and gaseous components in the reaction product through the cyclone shunt device, simplifying the subsequent processing process. At the same time, the pressure control system integrated in the device can monitor and dynamically adjust the reaction pressure in real time, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system operation. In addition, the tail gas trapping system effectively reduces the residual ammonia concentration in the tail gas to below 10 ppm through multi-stage filtering and adsorption units, ensuring that the emission gas meets the standard, has the advantages of high processing efficiency, low energy consumption, safety and reliability, and is particularly suitable for tail gas treatment requirements in laboratory environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a laboratory tail gas treatment device according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The exemplary embodiments will be described in detail hereinbelow with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements unless otherwise represented. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the embodiments consistent with the present application.

[0031] The terms used in the present application are merely for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an" and "the" used in the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein means and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items.

[0032] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used to describe various information in embodiments of this disclosure, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, first information may also be referred to as second information without departing from the scope of embodiments of this disclosure, and similarly, second information may also be referred to as first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when," "when," or "in response to a determination."

[0033] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a laboratory exhaust gas treatment device according to an embodiment of this disclosure, comprising:

[0034] The reaction vessel 110 has a liquid ammonia storage zone 111, a sublimation zone 112, and a reaction zone 113 arranged vertically from bottom to top. The liquid ammonia storage zone 111 is used to store liquid ammonia and is connected to the sublimation zone 112 through a first outlet 1111 provided at its top. The sublimation zone 112 is provided with a heating system (not shown) for sublimating liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia. The reaction zone 113 includes a stirring device for forming a mixing reaction between dry ice and sublimated gaseous ammonia.

[0035] The dry ice feeding system 120 is connected to the reaction zone through a first inlet 121 provided on the side wall of the reaction tank, and is used to introduce dry ice into the reaction zone;

[0036] The cyclone separator 130 is connected to the reaction vessel through a second outlet 131 located on the side wall of the reaction vessel, and is used to separate solid particles and gaseous components in the reaction products.

[0037] A pressure control system (not shown) includes:

[0038] A pressure sensor (not shown) is installed at the top of the reaction zone of the reaction vessel to collect real-time pressure data inside the vessel.

[0039] An automatic pressure regulating device (not shown) includes an automatic pressure regulating valve 140, which is communicatively connected to the pressure sensor. Its inlet is connected to the second outlet 131, and its outlet is connected to the first inlet 121. It is used to dynamically adjust the feed flow rate of gaseous ammonia according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor to achieve pressure balance.

[0040] The exhaust gas capture system (not shown) is connected to the gas outlet of the cyclone diverter to process the separated gaseous components, reduce the residual ammonia concentration, and purify the exhaust gas emissions.

[0041] Specifically, the reaction tank is the core of the device, which is designed with vertical zoning, from bottom to top, liquid ammonia storage area 111, sublimation area 112 and reaction area 113, with clear functions and mutual independence:

[0042] Liquid ammonia storage area 111: used for storing liquid ammonia, with a first outlet 1111 at the top, connected to the sublimation area 112, to ensure smooth delivery of liquid ammonia to the sublimation area. The outer wall material of the liquid ammonia storage area can be selected from high insulation performance polyether urethane, and designed with an insulating layer to reduce the volatilization loss of liquid ammonia and maintain stable temperature.

[0043] Sublimation area 112: The integrated heating system (not shown) heats the liquid ammonia to sublimate it into gaseous ammonia. The temperature control system of the sublimation area can feedback and adjust the heating power in real time to ensure the yield and purity of ammonia gas.

[0044] Reaction area 113: equipped with stirring device for mixing the sublimated gaseous ammonia with dry ice from dry ice feeding system 120. Mechanical stirring can improve the contact efficiency, promote the full reaction and shorten the reaction time.

[0045] Dry ice feeding system 120: The dry ice feeding system is connected to the reaction area 113 through the first inlet 121 on the side wall of the reaction tank, which can accurately control the supply amount of dry ice. Its function is to provide low-temperature cooling conditions for the reaction and participate in the mixing reaction with gaseous ammonia. The feeding system can use automatic control device to dynamically adjust the feeding speed of dry ice according to the reaction demand.

[0046] Cyclone separator 130: The cyclone separator is connected to the reaction tank through the second outlet 131 on the side wall of the reaction tank, which is used for efficient separation of solid particles and gaseous components in the reaction product. Its internal design utilizes the principle of centrifugal separation to separate and discharge heavier solid particles from the reaction product, while lighter gas components flow into the tail gas trapping system through its gas outlet. This device effectively simplifies the subsequent processing steps of the product, improves the separation precision and efficiency.

[0047] Pressure control system: This system is designed to monitor and adjust the pressure in the reaction tank in real time to ensure the stability and safety of the reaction process:

[0048] Pressure sensor (not shown): installed at the top of the reaction area 113 of the reaction tank, used to collect real-time internal pressure data and provide accurate feedback.

[0049] Automatic pressure regulating device: including an automatic pressure regulating valve 140 connected in communication with a pressure sensor, the automatic pressure regulating valve 140 inlet connected to the second outlet 131, the outlet connected to the first inlet 121. The pressure regulating device can automatically adjust the feed flow of gaseous ammonia according to the feedback signal of the sensor, keep the reaction pressure balance, prevent the overhigh or overlow pressure from affecting the reaction efficiency and safety.

[0050] Tail gas trapping system: connected with the gas outlet of the cyclone shunt device for further processing of the separated gaseous components. The specific functions of this system are as follows:

[0051] Remove trace impurities through multi-stage filtration modules to ensure the purity of the tail gas.

[0052] Use the adsorption unit of chemical adsorbent to effectively absorb residual ammonia gas, reduce the ammonia gas concentration in the tail gas to below 10 ppm.

[0053] Equipped with a safety discharge unit combined with a gas concentration detection device to ensure that the tail gas meets the standard before being discharged to comply with environmental regulations.

[0054] Beneficial effects: Each part of the device is connected by reasonable structure and seamlessly cooperates in function, forming a complete and efficient tail gas treatment system. The device realizes the independence and synergy of functions from the storage of liquid ammonia, sublimation to the separation of reaction products, and purification of tail gas, through modular design. Through integrated and automated design, manual intervention is reduced, work efficiency and safety are improved. At the same time, its modular structure is easy to maintain and upgrade, with wide application prospects.

[0055] Further, the reaction zone of the reaction tank is provided with a mechanical stirring device connected with an external driving system for improving the reaction efficiency of dry ice and gaseous ammonia and shortening the reaction time.

[0056] Specifically, the mechanical stirring device is powered by an external driving system (such as a motor or a servo motor) for strong stirring of dry ice and gaseous ammonia in the reaction zone to make them fully contact and uniformly mix, thereby accelerating the chemical reaction.

[0057] The specific form of the stirring device can be a blade type, anchor type or turbine type stirrer, selected according to the physical properties of the reactants.

[0058] The stirring speed can be adjusted to adapt to different reaction conditions (such as changes in reaction rate and reactant concentration).

[0059] The design of the mechanical stirring device can also add an intelligent control module to automatically adjust the stirring speed according to reaction temperature, pressure, material concentration and other parameters, improve reaction efficiency and avoid local overheating or material deposition. The uniform mixing achieved by stirring can also reduce the probability of byproduct formation and improve the purity of the reaction product.

[0060] Further, the heating system includes an integrated temperature control module that adjusts the temperature of the sublimation zone through a temperature control feedback mechanism to ensure that liquid ammonia sublimates into gaseous ammonia.

[0061] Specifically, the integrated temperature control module is the core device of the sublimation zone, with high-precision temperature control function, through real-time temperature control feedback mechanism to ensure that liquid ammonia sublimates into gaseous ammonia at the optimal temperature range.

[0062] The temperature control module can adjust the temperature of the sublimation zone through heating elements such as electric heating wires or heat-conducting fluids.

[0063] The feedback mechanism relies on temperature sensors to collect real-time temperature of the sublimation zone and dynamically adjusts through the control system to avoid excessive temperature causing liquid ammonia loss or too low causing incomplete sublimation.

[0064] The temperature control module can also be linked with pressure sensors to form a temperature and pressure control mechanism. For example, the temperature requirement can be appropriately reduced in a low-pressure environment to reduce energy consumption. In addition, the design of this module can adopt a modular structure for easy system maintenance and expansion.

[0065] Further, the automatic pressure regulating valve of the pressure control system has a multi-stage regulating function for dynamically adjusting the feed ratio of gaseous ammonia and dry ice.

[0066] Specifically, the automatic pressure regulating valve can control the feed flow of gaseous ammonia in stages, thereby dynamically adjusting the feed ratio of gaseous ammonia and dry ice according to the reaction requirements to ensure that the reaction pressure is always in the optimal range.

[0067] The multi-stage regulating function means that the pressure regulating valve can be adjusted in stages according to the preset pressure range, such as low flow, medium flow and high flow.

[0068] Through real-time pressure monitoring feedback, the control accuracy of the regulating valve is high, which can avoid the reduction of reaction efficiency or safety hazards caused by pressure fluctuations.

[0069] The multi-stage function of the pressure regulating valve can also be combined with the flow meter of the material supply system to form more precise feed ratio control. Especially in dynamic working conditions, the ratio of gaseous ammonia and dry ice can be automatically optimized through program setting, thereby realizing the economic utilization of reactants.

[0070] Further, the cyclone shunt device includes:

[0071] Solid separation unit, separating solid particles in reaction products by centrifugal separation principle and discharging through solid outlet;

[0072] Gas separation unit, processing separated gaseous components by connecting with tail gas trapping system to reduce ammonia concentration in tail gas to below 10 ppm.

[0073] Specifically, the solid separation unit: utilizes centrifugal separation principle to separate solid particles (such as reaction by-products) in reaction products and discharges through solid outlet device.

[0074] Gas separation unit: processes separated gaseous components to ensure that ammonia concentration in tail gas is reduced to below 10 ppm.

[0075] Centrifugal separation separates heavier solid particles to the solid outlet through centrifugal force formed by high-speed rotation.

[0076] Gas separation further screens and purifies gaseous components to provide good preconditions for subsequent tail gas trapping system processing.

[0077] The gas separation unit can integrate multi-stage filtration and particle capture devices to remove ultrafine particles and trace impurities. In addition, the solid separation unit with automatic cleaning function can avoid accumulation of solid particles in the device and reduce equipment maintenance cost

[0078] Further, the tail gas trapping system comprises:

[0079] Multi-stage filtration module for removing trace impurities in gaseous products;

[0080] Adsorption unit using chemical adsorbent to absorb residual ammonia;

[0081] Safe discharge unit discharges after monitoring that tail gas discharge meets standards through gas concentration detection device.

[0082] Specifically, the multi-stage filtration module: utilizes multiple layers of physical or chemical filter materials to gradually remove trace impurities in tail gas.

[0083] Adsorption unit: uses high-efficiency chemical adsorbent (such as activated carbon or molecular sieve) to absorb residual ammonia in tail gas.

[0084] Safe discharge unit: combined with gas concentration detection device, ensures that tail gas is discharged only after meeting processing standards to prevent environmental pollution.

[0085] The multi-stage filtration module can be equipped with special filter layers for different impurities such as dust and ammonia, further improving the purification effect. The chemical adsorbent of the adsorption unit has high capacity and high selectivity, can operate efficiently for a long time, and reduces operating costs. The safe discharge unit works with the concentration detection equipment, and the concentration of the discharged tail gas meets international environmental protection standards (such as below 10 ppm).

[0086] The tail gas trapping system can also be integrated with other emission treatment equipment such as wet scrubbers and SCR systems to further enhance ammonia capture efficiency. In addition, the adsorption unit can be designed in a regenerative mode, using high temperature or vacuum desorption to regenerate the adsorbent and extend its service life.

[0087] Further, the outer wall material of the liquid ammonia storage area includes polyether urethane and has a thermal insulation layer to ensure the temperature stability of the liquid ammonia during storage.

[0088] Specifically, the liquid ammonia storage area uses polyether urethane material, which has excellent low temperature resistance and mechanical strength, and the outer layer is designed with a thermal insulation layer to reduce heat transfer and liquid ammonia evaporation loss.

[0089] The thermal insulation layer can maintain the low-temperature storage state of liquid ammonia under conditions of large environmental temperature difference, avoiding sublimation or waste of liquid ammonia due to temperature rise. The high strength characteristics of polyether urethane enable the storage area to withstand internal pressure while maintaining structural stability.

[0090] The thermal insulation layer can also be designed with multiple layers of composite materials, combined with vacuum insulation or reflective film, to further enhance the insulation effect. The liquid ammonia storage area can be equipped with a liquid level sensor to realize real-time monitoring of the liquid ammonia storage capacity.

[0091] Further, the device further comprises an integrated control platform, which communicates with the pressure sensor, stirring device and automatic pressure regulating device through data acquisition and processing module, realizes intelligent monitoring and accurate control of the whole reaction process.

[0092] Specifically, the integrated control platform connects the pressure sensor, stirring device and automatic pressure regulating device through the data acquisition and processing module, realizes intelligent monitoring and accurate control of the whole reaction process.

[0093] The control platform can monitor the equipment operating state (such as pressure, temperature, material concentration, etc.) in real time and dynamically optimize the reaction conditions through algorithms. The data acquisition module can store historical operation data for analysis and troubleshooting.

[0094] The control platform can realize remote monitoring and operation through network interface, support cloud data analysis and predictive maintenance. For example, when detecting abnormal pressure or temperature, the system can automatically alarm and take emergency measures to further improve safety and reliability.

[0095] The laboratory tail gas treatment device of the present application realizes efficient synergistic treatment of liquid ammonia sublimation, dry ice mixed reaction, solid-gas separation and tail gas purification through modular design, which not only can accurately control the temperature, pressure and reactant ratio in the reaction process, thereby improving the reaction efficiency and product purity, but also realizes efficient separation of solid particles and gaseous components in the reaction product through the cyclone shunt device, simplifying the subsequent processing process. At the same time, the pressure control system integrated in the device can monitor and dynamically adjust the reaction pressure in real time, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system operation. In addition, the tail gas trapping system effectively reduces the residual ammonia concentration in the tail gas to below 10 ppm through multiple filtering and adsorption units, ensuring that the discharged gas meets the standard, and has the advantages of high processing efficiency, low energy consumption, safety and reliability, and is especially suitable for tail gas treatment requirements in laboratory environment.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above functional units and modules is exemplified, and in actual application, the above functions can be completed by different functional units and modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional units or modules to complete all or part of the functions described above. Each functional unit and module in the embodiment can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or software function unit. In addition, the specific name of each functional unit and module is only for easy distinction, and does not limit the protection scope of the present disclosure. The specific working process of the unit and module in the above system can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiments, which will not be described here.

[0097] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis, and the parts not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment can be referred to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0098] Those of ordinary skill in the art can realize that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether the functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present disclosure.

[0099] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus / equipment and method can be implemented in other manners. For example, the described apparatus / equipment embodiments are merely schematic. For example, the division of the modules or units is merely logical function division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation. For example, a plurality of units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communication connections between different units, can be indirect couplings or communication connections through some interfaces, devices or units, and can be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0100] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0101] In addition, each functional unit in the various embodiments of the present disclosure can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can be a physically independent unit, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0102] If the integrated module / unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, all or part of the flow of the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be completed by the computer program instructing the related hardware, and the computer program can be stored in the computer readable storage medium. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. The computer program can include computer program code, which can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer readable medium can include any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, recording medium, U disk, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), electric carrier wave signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the computer readable medium can include appropriate contents according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction, for example, in some jurisdictions, according to the legislation and patent practice, the computer readable medium does not include electric carrier wave signal and telecommunication signal.

[0103] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than limit the same; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can still be modified, or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalent replacements; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, and should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A laboratory off-gas treatment device, characterized in that, The device comprises: a reaction tank with a liquid ammonia storage area, a sublimation area and a reaction area arranged in sequence from bottom to top in the direction perpendicular to the ground, the liquid ammonia storage area is used for storing liquid ammonia and is communicated with the sublimation area through a first outlet arranged at the top of the liquid ammonia storage area, the sublimation area is provided with a heating system for sublimating the liquid ammonia into gaseous ammonia, and the reaction area comprises a stirring device for forming a mixing reaction between dry ice and the gaseous ammonia after sublimation; a dry ice feeding system communicated with the reaction area through a first inlet arranged on the side wall of the reaction tank, for introducing dry ice into the reaction area; a cyclone shunting device communicated with the reaction tank through a second outlet arranged on the side wall of the reaction tank, for separating solid particles from gaseous components in the reaction product; a pressure control system, which comprises: a pressure sensor installed at the top of the reaction area of the reaction tank for collecting pressure data inside the reaction tank in real time, an automatic pressure regulating device comprising an automatic pressure regulating valve, the automatic pressure regulating valve is communicatively connected with the pressure sensor, the inlet of the automatic pressure regulating valve is connected with the second outlet, and the outlet of the automatic pressure regulating valve is connected with the first inlet, for dynamically adjusting the feeding flow of gaseous ammonia according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor to realize pressure balance; a tail gas trapping system connected with the gas outlet of the cyclone shunting device for treating the separated gaseous components, reducing the residual ammonia gas concentration and purifying the tail gas emission.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The reaction area of the reaction tank is provided with a mechanical stirring device connected with an external driving system, for improving the reaction efficiency of dry ice and gaseous ammonia and shortening the reaction time.

3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The heating system comprises an integrated temperature control module for adjusting the temperature of the sublimation area through a temperature control feedback mechanism to ensure that the liquid ammonia is sublimated into gaseous ammonia.

4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The automatic pressure regulating valve of the pressure control system has a multi-stage regulating function for dynamically adjusting the feeding ratio of gaseous ammonia and dry ice.

5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The cyclone shunting device comprises: a solid separation unit for separating solid particles in the reaction product by centrifugal separation principle and discharging through a solid outlet; a gas separation unit for treating the separated gaseous components by connecting with the tail gas trapping system to reduce the ammonia gas concentration in the tail gas to below 10 ppm.

6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The tail gas trapping system comprises: a multi-stage filtration module for removing trace impurities in the gaseous product; an adsorption unit using a chemical adsorbent to absorb residual ammonia gas; a safe discharge unit discharging after monitoring that the tail gas emission meets the standard through a gas concentration detection device.

7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The outer wall material of the liquid ammonia storage area comprises polyether urethane and has a heat insulation layer to ensure the temperature stability of liquid ammonia during storage.

8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein, The device further comprises an integrated control platform for data communication with the pressure sensor, the stirring device and the automatic pressure regulating device through a data acquisition and processing module to realize intelligent monitoring and control of the whole reaction process.

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