Double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange, and provides a double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device which comprises a first water-hydrogen exchange unit, a second water-hydrogen exchange unit and a gas-liquid separator. Deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen react in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water, and hydrogen and deuterium-rich water react in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate deuterium-rich hydrogen and depleted water; the gas-liquid separator is provided with a first mixing cavity, a second mixing cavity, a gas collecting cavity, a liquid collecting cavity and a drainage pipeline which are communicated with one another, deuterium-rich water in the first mixing cavity enters the liquid collecting cavity, deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing cavity enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, the drainage pipeline is used for discharging the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting cavity, and deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing cavity enters the gas collecting cavity; and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing cavity enters the deuterium-rich water inlet. According to the double-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen can be enhanced, and the production efficiency of the deuterium-rich water is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange, and in particular to a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device. Background Art

[0002] This section is intended to provide a background or context for the embodiments of the present application. No description herein is admitted to be prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0003] Deuterium is a stable isotope of hydrogen. It exists in natural water in the form of HDO with an abundance of about 0.015%. Deuterium-enriched water is a type of water with a deuterium abundance much higher than that of natural water, and it has important uses in different fields. For example, deuterium-enriched water has a strong neutron moderation ability and a small neutron absorption interface. High-purity deuterium-enriched water can be used as a moderator and coolant for heavy water reactors. For another example, deuterium-enriched water can be used to prepare deuterated drugs, which are slowly metabolized in human tissues and can also be used as tracers. Therefore, it is crucial to establish a reliable deuterium-enriched water production technology route and an effective deuterium-enriched water supply guarantee system to achieve a long-term supply of deuterium-enriched water.

[0004] At present, double-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology is usually used to produce deuterium-enriched water. Double-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology is a technology that uses the characteristic that the separation factor of hydrogen isotopes decreases with increasing temperature to achieve deuterium enrichment through low-temperature water hydrogen exchange columns and high-temperature water hydrogen exchange columns. In related technologies, the separation effect of deuterium-enriched water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen is not good, which affects the production efficiency of deuterium-enriched water. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application hope to provide a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device for carrying out dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange technology research, which can enhance the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen and improve the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water.

[0006] The present application provides a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device, comprising:

[0007] a first water-hydrogen exchange unit, in which deionized water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen react to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water, wherein the first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-enriched hydrogen inlet and a deuterium-enriched water outlet;

[0008] a second water-hydrogen exchange unit, in which hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water react to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water, wherein the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-enriched water inlet and a deuterium-enriched hydrogen outlet;

[0009] A gas-liquid separator, comprising a first mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber, a gas collecting chamber, a liquid collecting chamber and a drainage pipeline, wherein the first mixing chamber is located above the liquid collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber is located above the second mixing chamber;

[0010] The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, the deuterium-rich water outlet, the gas collecting chamber and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the first mixing chamber, the deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber enters the liquid collecting chamber, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, and the drainage pipeline is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber;

[0011] The deuterium-rich water inlet, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet, the gas collecting chamber and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the second mixing chamber, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber enters the gas collecting chamber, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich water inlet.

[0012] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, a liquid collecting pipe, a first wire mesh and a second wire mesh, the cylinder forms the gas collecting chamber, the liquid collecting pipe is arranged in the gas collecting chamber, the space in the liquid collecting pipe is the liquid collecting chamber, the first wire mesh forms the first mixing chamber, the second wire mesh forms the second mixing chamber, and the first wire mesh and the second wire mesh are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder in the up and down directions.

[0013] In some embodiments, a water inlet is formed at the upper end of the collecting pipe, and a water outlet is formed at the lower end of the collecting pipe, the water inlet connects the first mixing chamber and the collecting chamber, the water outlet connects the second mixing chamber and the collecting chamber, and the drainage pipeline is connected to the peripheral side wall of the collecting pipe.

[0014] In some embodiments, a plane perpendicular to the up and down directions is taken as a projection plane, and the projection range of the water outlet is located within the projection range of the water inlet.

[0015] In some embodiments, an air hole is formed on the bottom side wall of the cylinder, and the air hole communicates with the air collecting chamber and the second mixing chamber.

[0016] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes an exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas collecting chamber.

[0017] In some embodiments, the gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, and the drainage pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the up-down direction.

[0018] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a hydrogen circulation flow path and a cooling and separation unit, the first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a depleted hydrogen outlet, the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen circulation flow path connects the depleted hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet, and the cooling and separation unit is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path to cool and separate water vapor in the depleted hydrogen.

[0019] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device includes a gas circulation pump, and the gas circulation pump is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path.

[0020] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a plurality of catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively disposed in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit, and the diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm.

[0021] In some embodiments, the catalytic exchange column has a height of 600 mm to 2000 mm.

[0022] In some embodiments, the catalytic exchange column is filled with a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst are filled in a mixed manner and / or in a layered manner.

[0023] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first water hydrogen exchange unit is 50°C to 80°C.

[0024] In some embodiments, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

[0025] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first water hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0026] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second water hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

[0027] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water is 10% to 99.8%.

[0028] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device provided in the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water, and hydrogen and deuterium-rich water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit to generate depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, with high separation efficiency, which can reduce the difficulty of preparing deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen. On the other hand, deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit, and part of the deuterium-rich water can flow into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit through the deuterium-rich water inlet through the first mixing chamber, the liquid collecting chamber and the second mixing chamber in sequence, and another part of the deuterium-rich water can be discharged through the drainage pipeline to facilitate the acquisition of deuterium-rich water products. Deuterium-rich hydrogen flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit, passes through the second mixing chamber, the gas collecting chamber and the first mixing chamber in turn, and flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit through the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, and so on. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device can continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and then can continuously improve the deuterium abundance of both deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen to meet the use requirements. On the other hand, the first mixing chamber and the second mixing chamber both play a separation role, and then through the liquid collecting chamber and the gas collecting chamber, the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and the deuterium-rich hydrogen are separated from each other. In addition, at least part of the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber can be discharged through the drainage pipeline, thereby enhancing the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and improving the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device provided in some embodiments of the present application, wherein the solid line exemplarily represents the flow path of water, and the dotted line exemplarily represents the flow path of hydrogen;

[0030] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a gas-liquid separator provided in some embodiments of the present application.

[0031] Description of Reference Numerals

[0032] Dual temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100;

[0033] First water-hydrogen exchange unit 10; deuterium-enriched hydrogen inlet 10a; deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b; depleted hydrogen outlet 10c;

[0034] The second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20; deuterium-enriched water inlet 20a; deuterium-enriched hydrogen outlet 20b; hydrogen inlet 20c;

[0035] Gas-liquid separator 30; first mixing chamber 30a; second mixing chamber 30b; gas collecting chamber 30c; liquid collecting chamber 30d; drainage pipeline 30e; exhaust pipeline 30f;

[0036] Cylinder 31; air hole 31a; second limiting hole 31b;

[0037] Liquid collecting pipe 32; water inlet 32a; water outlet 32b; first limiting hole 32c;

[0038] First screen 33; first opening 33a;

[0039] Second screen 34; second opening 34a;

[0040] Water source 40;

[0041] Hydrogen circulation flow path 50;

[0042] Cooling and separation unit 60;

[0043] A hydrogen source 70;

[0044] Gas circulation pump 80. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The following is a further detailed description of the implementation of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present application but cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0046] The various specific technical features and embodiments described in the specific implementation methods can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. For example, different implementation methods can be formed by combining different specific technical features / embodiments. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the various possible combinations of the specific technical features / embodiments in this application are no longer described separately. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. The application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0047] In the related art, the low-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column receives deuterium-enriched hydrogen from the high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen reacts with water to generate deuterium-enriched water; the high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column receives deuterium-enriched water from the low-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column, and the deuterium-enriched water reacts with hydrogen to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen. It is difficult to separate deuterium-enriched water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen at the connection between the low-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column and the high-temperature water-hydrogen exchange column, thereby affecting the production efficiency of deuterium-enriched water.

[0048] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The embodiment of the present application provides a dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100, comprising:

[0049] The first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, deionized water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen react in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water, and the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 has a deuterium-enriched hydrogen inlet 10a and a deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b.

[0050] Specifically, deuterium-rich hydrogen flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a, and deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water, and the deuterium-rich water flows out through the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b, with high separation efficiency, which is convenient for preparing deuterium-rich water. Depleted hydrogen refers to hydrogen with some deuterium elements removed. Deionized water refers to pure water after ionic impurities are removed.

[0051] The second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 , hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water react in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water, and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 has a deuterium-enriched water inlet 20 a and a deuterium-enriched hydrogen outlet 20 b.

[0052] Specifically, deuterium-enriched water flows into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-enriched water inlet 20a, hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 to generate depleted water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen flows out through the deuterium-enriched hydrogen outlet 20b, with high separation efficiency, which is convenient for preparing deuterium-enriched hydrogen. Depleted water refers to water from which some deuterium elements have been removed.

[0053] It should be noted that the temperatures of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 are different. Specifically, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is higher than the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 .

[0054] The gas-liquid separator 30 has a first mixing chamber 30a, a second mixing chamber 30b, a gas collecting chamber 30c, a liquid collecting chamber 30d and a drainage pipeline 30e. The first mixing chamber 30a is located above the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and the liquid collecting chamber 30d is located above the second mixing chamber 30b. For example, please refer to Figure 2 The first mixing chamber 30a, the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the second mixing chamber 30b are sequentially distributed along the vertical direction. In one embodiment, the gas collecting chamber 30c may surround the circumference of the liquid collecting chamber 30d.

[0055] The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a, the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b, the gas collecting chamber 30c and the liquid collecting chamber 30d are all connected to the first mixing chamber 30a, the deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber 30a enters the liquid collecting chamber 30d, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber 30a enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a, and the drainage pipeline 30e is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber 30d;

[0056] The deuterium-rich water inlet 20a, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet 20b, the gas collecting chamber 30c and the liquid collecting chamber 30d are all connected to the second mixing chamber 30b, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber 30b enters the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber 30b enters the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a.

[0057] The first mixing chamber 30a can be used to collect deuterium-rich water and separate deuterium-rich hydrogen. That is, under the action of gravity, the deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, passes through the first mixing chamber 30a, the liquid collection chamber 30d and the second mixing chamber 30b in sequence, and flows into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a.

[0058] The second mixing chamber 30b can be used to collect deuterium-rich water and separate deuterium-rich hydrogen. In other words, deuterium-rich hydrogen flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet 20b of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, and flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a through the second mixing chamber 30b, the gas collection chamber 30c and the first mixing chamber 30a in turn. In this way, on the one hand, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 can continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and then can continuously improve the deuterium abundance of both deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen to meet the use requirements. On the other hand, the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b both play a separation role, and then through the liquid collection chamber 30d and the gas collection chamber 30c, the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and the deuterium-rich hydrogen are separated from each other, thereby enhancing the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen.

[0059] For example, please refer to Figure 2 , the drainage pipe 30e is connected to the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and at least part of the deuterium-enriched water in the liquid collecting chamber 30d can be discharged through the drainage pipe 30e. In other words, the drainage pipe 30e is not connected to the gas collecting chamber 30c, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen in the gas collecting chamber 30c cannot be discharged through the drainage pipe 30e, so that the separation effect of deuterium-enriched water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen can be further enhanced, and the production efficiency of deuterium-enriched water can be improved.

[0060] It should be noted that, in the present application, down refers to the direction toward the ground, and up refers to the direction opposite to down.

[0061] The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application, on the one hand, deionized water and deuterium-rich hydrogen undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-rich water, and hydrogen and deuterium-rich water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 to generate depleted water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, with high separation efficiency, which can reduce the difficulty of preparing deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen. On the other hand, deuterium-rich water flows out from the deuterium-rich water outlet 10b of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, and part of the deuterium-rich water can flow into the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the deuterium-rich water inlet 20a through the first mixing chamber 30a, the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the second mixing chamber 30b in sequence, and another part of the deuterium-rich water can be discharged through the drainage pipeline 30e to facilitate the acquisition of deuterium-rich water products. Deuterium-rich hydrogen flows out from the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet 20b of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, and flows into the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 through the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet 10a through the second mixing chamber 30b, the gas collecting chamber 30c and the first mixing chamber 30a in turn, and so on. The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 can continuously generate deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and then can continuously improve the deuterium abundance of both deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen to meet the use requirements. On the other hand, the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b both play a separation role, and then through the liquid collecting chamber 30d and the gas collecting chamber 30c, the flow paths of the deuterium-rich water and the deuterium-rich hydrogen are separated from each other. In addition, at least part of the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber 30d can be discharged through the drainage pipeline 30e, thereby enhancing the separation effect of deuterium-rich water and deuterium-rich hydrogen, and improving the production efficiency of deuterium-rich water.

[0062] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a water source 40. The first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 has a water inlet. The water source 40 is connected to the water inlet. The water in the water source 40 is deionized water. In this way, the water source 40 can provide more deionized water, so that the dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 has a large-scale deuterium-enriched water production capacity.

[0063] The source of the water source 40 is not limited. For example, it can be purified deionized water such as tap water, and it only needs to meet the deionized water index.

[0064] For some examples, see Figure 2 The gas-liquid separator 30 includes a cylinder 31, a liquid collecting pipe 32, a first wire mesh 33 and a second wire mesh 34. The cylinder 31 forms an air collecting chamber 30c. The liquid collecting pipe 32 is arranged in the air collecting chamber 30c. The space in the liquid collecting pipe 32 is a liquid collecting chamber 30d. The first wire mesh 33 forms a first mixing chamber 30a. The second wire mesh 34 forms a second mixing chamber 30b. The first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34 are respectively connected to both ends of the cylinder 31 in the up and down directions.

[0065] The gas collection chamber 30c provides an installation position for the liquid collection pipe 32. The liquid collection pipe 32 can separate the liquid collection chamber 30d and the gas collection chamber 30c to separate the flow paths of the deuterium-enriched water and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas.

[0066] See also Figure 1 The first wire mesh 33 is connected to the upper end of the cylinder 31, and the second wire mesh 34 is connected to the lower end of the cylinder 31. In this way, the first wire mesh 33, the second wire mesh 34 and the cylinder 31 are integrated into one body, and the overall scale of the gas-liquid separator 30 is small, which is suitable for research in a relatively small indoor space such as a laboratory. In addition, on the basis of taking into account the separation function and the manufacturing difficulty, it is also convenient to load, unload and replace the gas-liquid separator 30.

[0067] The specific material of the cylinder 31 is not limited. For example, the cylinder 31 can be made of 316L stainless steel, which has strong corrosion resistance and good heat resistance and is suitable for chemical production.

[0068] For example, see Figure 2 The first screen 33 has a first opening 33a that opens toward the deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b. The first opening 33a is connected to the first mixing chamber 30a. The projection range of the deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b is located within the projection range of the first opening 33a, taking the plane perpendicular to the up-down direction as the projection plane. In this way, deuterium-enriched water can be prevented from overflowing after flowing out of the deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b, which is beneficial for the first mixing chamber 30a to collect deuterium-enriched water.

[0069] For example, see Figure 2 The second screen 34 has a second opening 34a opened toward the outlet of the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and the second opening 34a is connected to the second mixing chamber 30b. With the plane perpendicular to the up-down direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the liquid collecting chamber 30d is located within the projection range of the second screen 34. In this way, deuterium-enriched water can be prevented from overflowing after flowing out of the liquid collecting chamber 30d, which is beneficial for the second mixing chamber 30b to collect deuterium-enriched water.

[0070] It should be understood that deuterium-enriched water usually flows out from the deuterium-enriched water outlet 10b or the liquid collecting chamber 30d in the form of water droplets, with a small flow rate and a relatively slow flow rate. In addition, the apertures of the first wire mesh 33 and the second wire mesh 34 are both small, and the air pressure is large, so it is difficult for water droplets to flow out directly through the small holes. Therefore, the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b can collect water droplets at the lowest point and its surrounding parts. After the water droplets are collected, their gravity exceeds the air pressure, and then flows out from the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b. It can be understood that deuterium-enriched water still flows out from the first mixing chamber 30a and the second mixing chamber 30b in the form of water droplets.

[0071] In one embodiment, the thickness of the cylinder 31 is 5 mm (millimeter) to 10 mm. Exemplarily, the thickness of the cylinder 31 can be 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm or 10 mm, etc.

[0072] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The first screen 33 is roughly semi-elliptical, so that the deuterium-rich water can smoothly flow downward along the wall surface of the first mixing chamber 30a, which is beneficial for the first mixing chamber 30a to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0073] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 2 The second screen 34 is roughly semi-elliptical, so that the deuterium-rich water can smoothly flow downward along the wall surface of the second mixing chamber 30b, which is beneficial for the second mixing chamber 30b to collect the deuterium-rich water.

[0074] In one embodiment, the mesh number of the first screen 33 is 15 to 65. That is, the aperture of the first screen 33 is 0.25 mm to 1.25 mm. For example, the aperture of the first screen 33 can be 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1 mm or 1.25 mm, etc.

[0075] In one embodiment, the mesh number of the second screen 34 is 15 to 65. That is, the aperture of the second screen 34 is 0.25 mm to 1.25 mm. For example, the aperture of the second screen 34 can be 0.25 mm, 0.5 mm, 0.75 mm, 1 mm or 1.25 mm, etc.

[0076] It should be noted that the mesh numbers of the first screen 33 and the second screen 34 are the same, that is, the apertures of the first screen 33 and the second screen 34 are equal. In this way, the time for the deuterium-rich water to drip after being collected in the two mixing chambers is roughly the same, and the rate at which the deuterium-rich hydrogen flows through the two mixing chambers is roughly the same, so that the reaction rates of the two water-hydrogen exchange units can be kept stable, thereby improving the operational reliability of the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100.

[0077] For some examples, see Figure 2 The upper end of the liquid collecting pipe 32 is formed with a water inlet 32a, and the lower end of the liquid collecting pipe 32 is formed with a water outlet 32b. The water inlet 32a is connected to the first mixing chamber 30a and the liquid collecting chamber 30d, and the water outlet 32b is connected to the second mixing chamber 30b and the liquid collecting chamber 30d. The drainage pipeline 30e is connected to the peripheral side wall of the liquid collecting pipe 32. That is, after the deuterium-enriched water flows out of the first mixing chamber 30a, it flows into the liquid collecting chamber 30d through the water inlet 32a, and flows into the second mixing chamber 30b through the water outlet 32b.

[0078] For example, see Figure 2The liquid collecting pipe 32 is formed with a first limiting hole 32c penetrating the peripheral side wall, the hole wall surface of the first limiting hole 32c is sealed and connected with the circumferential surface of the drainage pipeline 30e, and the drainage pipeline 30e is connected with the liquid collecting cavity 30d. In this way, not only can the sealing performance of the liquid collecting pipe 32 and the drainage pipeline 30e be improved, deuterium-rich water can be prevented from dripping into the gas collecting cavity 30c and deuterium-rich hydrogen can be discharged outward through the drainage pipeline 30e, but also the connection stability of the liquid collecting pipe 32 and the drainage pipeline 30e can be enhanced.

[0079] In one embodiment, the drainage pipe 30e is provided with a drainage valve, so that the drainage valve is opened and the deuterium-rich water can be discharged to the outside through the drainage pipe 30e without affecting the generation of deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20, thereby facilitating the collection of the deuterium-rich water.

[0080] For some examples, see Figure 2 , taking the plane perpendicular to the up-down direction as the projection plane, the projection range of the water outlet 32b is within the projection range of the water inlet 32a. That is to say, the area of ​​the water inlet 32a is larger than the area of ​​the water outlet 32b. In this way, on the one hand, it can prevent the deuterium-enriched water from overflowing after flowing out of the first mixing chamber 30a, which is beneficial for the liquid collecting chamber 30d to collect the deuterium-enriched water. On the other hand, at least part of the liquid collecting chamber 30d extends in a relatively straight posture along the up-down direction, and the deuterium-enriched water can flow downward more smoothly.

[0081] For example, please refer to Figure 2 The water inlet 32a and its surrounding parts are roughly funnel-shaped, so that after the deuterium-enriched water flows into the liquid collecting pipe 32, the deuterium-enriched water can flow smoothly downward along the wall surface of the liquid collecting chamber 30d.

[0082] For some examples, see Figure 2 The bottom side wall of the cylinder 31 is formed with a gas hole 31a, and the gas hole 31a connects the gas collection chamber 30c and the second mixing chamber 30b. In other words, the gas hole 31a and the second mixing chamber 30b are both located at the lower end of the cylinder 31, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas can smoothly flow from the second mixing chamber 30b into the gas collection chamber 30c through the gas hole 31a.

[0083] For example, see Figure 2 There are multiple pores 31a, and the multiple pores 31a are arranged at intervals along the first direction. In this way, the flow rate of the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas can be increased.

[0084] It should be noted that, in the present application, a plurality refers to a quantity including two or more.

[0085] For some examples, see Figure 1 and Figure 2The gas-liquid separator 30 includes an exhaust pipeline 30f, and the exhaust pipeline 30f is connected to the gas collecting chamber 30c. That is, the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas in the gas collecting chamber 30c can be discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipeline 30f.

[0086] For example, see Figure 2 The cylinder 31 is formed with a second limiting hole 31b that passes through the peripheral side wall, and the hole wall surface of the second limiting hole 31b is sealed and connected to the circumferential surface of the exhaust pipe 30f. In this way, not only the sealing performance of the cylinder 31 and the exhaust pipe 30f can be improved, but also the connection stability of the cylinder 31 and the exhaust pipe 30f can be enhanced.

[0087] In one embodiment, the exhaust pipe 30f is provided with an exhaust valve, so that the exhaust valve is opened without affecting the generation of deuterium-rich water in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, and the deuterium-rich hydrogen can be discharged to the outside through the exhaust pipe 30f, which is convenient for collecting the deuterium-rich hydrogen.

[0088] For some examples, see Figure 2 , the drainage pipeline 30e and the exhaust pipeline 30f are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder 31 along the first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the up-down direction. In other words, the drainage pipeline 30e and the exhaust pipeline 30f do not occupy the space at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 31, so that the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first water hydrogen unit will not be affected from flowing into the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 via the gas-liquid separator 30, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas generated by the second water hydrogen unit will not be affected from flowing into the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 via the gas-liquid separator 30. At the same time, it is also convenient for the operator to assemble the drainage pipeline 30e and the exhaust pipeline 30f onto the cylinder 31.

[0089] For some examples, see Figure 1 The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a hydrogen circulation flow path 50 and a cooling separation unit 60. The first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 has a depleted hydrogen outlet 10c, and the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 has a hydrogen inlet 20c. The hydrogen circulation flow path 50 connects the depleted hydrogen outlet 10c and the hydrogen inlet 20c. The cooling separation unit 60 is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path 50 to cool and separate the water vapor in the depleted hydrogen. In this way, on the one hand, the cooling separation unit 60 can effectively condense and separate the water vapor in the depleted hydrogen, so that the depleted hydrogen meets the air intake requirements of the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20, and at the same time, the condensed water formed after the water vapor is condensed can be recovered, which is convenient for research and analysis. On the other hand, the depleted hydrogen enters the hydrogen circulation flow path 50 after being discharged from the depleted hydrogen outlet 10c, and is condensed and separated by the cooling separation unit 60, and flows into the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 through the hydrogen inlet 20c, and participates in the water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction again, realizing the multiple utilization of hydrogen (depleted hydrogen), and reducing the production cost.

[0090] For some examples, see Figure 1The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a hydrogen source 70, which is connected to the hydrogen circulation flow path 50, and the hydrogen of the hydrogen source 70 is high-purity hydrogen. In this way, the yield of deuterium element can be increased, thereby improving the production capacity and quality of deuterium-enriched water.

[0091] The specific raw material of the hydrogen source 70 is not limited, for example, it can be hydrogen produced by chemical industry or water electrolysis, etc. Regardless of the source of hydrogen, impurities in the hydrogen must be removed through a corresponding impurity removal process to achieve high-purity hydrogen standards.

[0092] For some examples, see Figure 1 The dual temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a gas circulation pump 80, which is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path 50. The gas circulation pump 80 provides a power source for the hydrogen circulation flow path 50 to realize the circulation of hydrogen in the hydrogen circulation flow path 50, thereby reducing the amount of hydrogen used, reducing production costs and energy consumption.

[0093] In some embodiments, the dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device 100 includes a plurality of catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively disposed in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 , and the diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm.

[0094] Exemplarily, after the deuterium-enriched hydrogen gas and plasma water undergo a water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10, the heavier hydrogen isotopes are enriched at the bottom of the catalytic exchange column and the lighter hydrogen isotopes are enriched at the top of the catalytic exchange column, so that deuterium-enriched water can be obtained at the bottom of the catalytic exchange column and depleted hydrogen gas can be obtained at the top of the catalytic exchange column.

[0095] For example, the diameter of the catalytic exchange column may be 10 mm, 30 mm, 50 mm, 70 mm, 90 mm or 100 mm, etc.

[0096] In some embodiments, the height of the catalytic exchange column is 600 mm to 2000 mm. For example, the height of the catalytic exchange column can be 600 mm, 900 mm, 1200 mm, 1500 mm, 1800 mm or 2000 mm, etc. The catalytic exchange column can meet different production requirements by setting a suitable diameter and height.

[0097] In some embodiments, the catalytic exchange column is filled with a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst are filled in a mixed manner and / or in a layered manner.

[0098] The water-hydrogen isotope exchange reaction occurs under the coupling effect of hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst. The exchange reaction is mainly divided into catalytic exchange reaction and phase exchange reaction. The phase exchange reaction occurs on the surface of hydrophilic filler. The hydrophobic catalyst and hydrophilic filler are filled in the catalytic exchange column of the two water-hydrogen exchange units.

[0099] Exemplarily, when the hydrogen flow rate is small, the catalytic exchange column can be filled with a granular hydrophobic catalyst and a hydrophilic filler, and the filling method can be mixed filling, layered filling, or mixed filling and layered filling at the same time. When the hydrogen flow rate is large, the size of the catalytic exchange column is large. In this case, a monolithic hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst with a regular structure can be filled. In this way, the water distribution performance in the catalytic exchange column can be improved, the reaction rate in the two water-hydrogen exchange units can be increased, and the reaction rate in one of the water-hydrogen exchange units can be prevented from being slow, thereby reducing the overall reaction rate.

[0100] Hydrophilic materials include, but are not limited to, Dixon packing, triangular spiral packing, Canon packing, calendered ring packing, and the like.

[0101] The hydrophobic catalyst includes, but is not limited to, a Pt-SDB (a carrier is polystyrene-divinylbenzene, loaded with platinum) hydrophobic catalyst and a Pt-PTFE (a carrier is polytetrafluoroethylene, loaded with platinum) hydrophobic catalyst, and the like.

[0102] In some embodiments, the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 50° C. to 80° C. For example, the temperature of the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 may be 50° C., 60° C., 70° C. or 80° C., etc. By setting a suitable temperature, the reaction rate of deuterium-enriched water can be accelerated and the yield of deuterium-enriched water can be increased.

[0103] In some embodiments, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 150° C. to 220° C. Exemplarily, the temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit 20 may be 150° C., 160° C., 170° C., 180° C., 190° C., 200° C., 210° C. or 220° C., etc. By setting a suitable temperature, the reaction rate of deuterium-enriched hydrogen can be accelerated and the yield of deuterium-enriched water can be increased.

[0104] In some embodiments, the pressure of the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa. For example, the pressure of the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 can be 1.8 MPa (megapascals), 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0105] In some embodiments, the pressure of the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa. For example, the pressure of the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 can be 1.8 MPa, 2.0 MPa, 2.2 MPa, 2.4 MPa, 2.6 MPa, 2.8 MPa or 3.0 MPa, etc.

[0106] That is to say, the pressures of the two water-hydrogen exchange units are higher than the atmospheric pressure, and accordingly, the pressure of the gas-liquid separator 30 is also higher than the atmospheric pressure, and the external pressure is negative pressure relative to the pressure in the gas-liquid separator 30. In this way, the deuterium-enriched water can be smoothly discharged through the drainage pipeline 30e, and the deuterium-enriched hydrogen can be smoothly discharged through the exhaust pipeline 30f.

[0107] In some embodiments, the deuterium abundance of deuterium-enriched water is 10% to 99.8%. Exemplarily, the deuterium abundance of deuterium-enriched water can be 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% or 99.8%, etc.

[0108] The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments:

[0109] The temperature of the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 70°C, and the temperature of the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 160°C. The pressures of the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 and the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 are both 2.0 MPa. The diameter of the catalytic exchange column in the first water hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 40 mm and the height is 2000 mm, and the diameter of the catalytic exchange column in the second water hydrogen exchange unit 20 is 40 mm and the height is 2000 mm. All catalytic exchange columns are filled with the same hydrophilic filler and hydrophobic catalyst, wherein the hydrophilic filler is Dixon filler and the hydrophobic catalyst is Pt-SDB hydrophobic catalyst.

[0110] In summary, the deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water generated by the first water-hydrogen exchange unit 10 is 35%.

[0111] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments" and "exemplary" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the embodiments of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0112] The various embodiments / implementations provided in this application can be combined with each other without causing any contradiction. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. For those skilled in the art, this application may have various changes and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included in the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device, characterized in that: include: a first water-hydrogen exchange unit, in which deionized water and deuterium-enriched hydrogen react to generate depleted hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water, wherein the first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-enriched hydrogen inlet and a deuterium-enriched water outlet; a second water-hydrogen exchange unit, in which hydrogen and deuterium-enriched water react to generate deuterium-enriched hydrogen and depleted water, wherein the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a deuterium-enriched water inlet and a deuterium-enriched hydrogen outlet; A gas-liquid separator, comprising a first mixing chamber, a second mixing chamber, a gas collecting chamber, a liquid collecting chamber and a drainage pipeline, wherein the first mixing chamber is located above the liquid collecting chamber, and the liquid collecting chamber is located above the second mixing chamber; The deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, the deuterium-rich water outlet, the gas collecting chamber and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the first mixing chamber, the deuterium-rich water in the first mixing chamber enters the liquid collecting chamber, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the first mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich hydrogen inlet, and the drainage pipeline is used to discharge the deuterium-rich water in the liquid collecting chamber; The deuterium-rich water inlet, the deuterium-rich hydrogen outlet, the gas collecting chamber and the liquid collecting chamber are all connected to the second mixing chamber, the deuterium-rich hydrogen in the second mixing chamber enters the gas collecting chamber, and the deuterium-rich water in the second mixing chamber enters the deuterium-rich water inlet.

2. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator includes a cylinder, a liquid collecting pipe, a first wire mesh and a second wire mesh. The cylinder forms the gas collecting chamber. The liquid collecting pipe is arranged in the gas collecting chamber. The space in the liquid collecting pipe is the liquid collecting chamber. The first wire mesh forms the first mixing chamber. The second wire mesh forms the second mixing chamber. The first wire mesh and the second wire mesh are respectively connected to the two ends of the cylinder in the up and down directions.

3. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A water inlet is formed at the upper end of the collecting pipe, and a water outlet is formed at the lower end of the collecting pipe. The water inlet connects the first mixing chamber and the collecting chamber, the water outlet connects the second mixing chamber and the collecting chamber, and the drainage pipeline is connected to the peripheral side wall of the collecting pipe.

4. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 3, characterized in that: Taking a plane perpendicular to the up-down direction as a projection plane, the projection range of the water outlet is located within the projection range of the water inlet.

5. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom side wall of the cylinder is formed with an air hole, and the air hole communicates with the air collecting chamber and the second mixing chamber.

6. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator comprises an exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected to the gas collecting chamber.

7. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The gas-liquid separator comprises a cylinder, and the drainage pipeline and the exhaust pipeline are respectively arranged on both sides of the cylinder along a first direction, wherein the first direction is perpendicular to the up-down direction.

8. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device includes a hydrogen circulation flow path and a cooling and separation unit, the first water-hydrogen exchange unit has a depleted hydrogen outlet, the second water-hydrogen exchange unit has a hydrogen inlet, the hydrogen circulation flow path connects the depleted hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet, and the cooling and separation unit is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path to cool and separate water vapor in the depleted hydrogen.

9. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device comprises a gas circulation pump, and the gas circulation pump is arranged in the hydrogen circulation flow path.

10. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-temperature water-hydrogen exchange device comprises a plurality of catalytic exchange columns, which are respectively arranged in the first water-hydrogen exchange unit and the second water-hydrogen exchange unit, and the diameter of the catalytic exchange columns is 10 mm to 100 mm; and / or, The catalytic exchange column has a height of 600 mm to 2000 mm.

11. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to claim 10, characterized in that: The catalytic exchange column is filled with a hydrophilic filler and a hydrophobic catalyst, and the hydrophilic filler and the hydrophobic catalyst are filled in a mixed manner and / or in a layered manner.

12. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The temperature of the first water hydrogen exchange unit is 50° C. to 80° C.; and / or, The temperature of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 150°C to 220°C.

13. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The pressure of the first water hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa; and / or, The pressure of the second water-hydrogen exchange unit is 1.8 MPa to 3.0 MPa.

14. The dual-temperature water hydrogen exchange device according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The deuterium abundance of the deuterium-enriched water is 10% to 99.8%.

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