Multi-stage grinding device and method suitable for lithium battery raw material processing

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage grinding device and method suitable for lithium battery raw material processing, and aims to solve the technical problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability. The multi-stage grinding device specifically comprises a grinding box, and two groups of upper grinding seats and lower grinding seats are arranged in the grinding box; the upper grinding seat is provided with an upper grinding disc on the outer side of the settling section through an adjustable assembly, and the lower grinding seat is fixedly provided with a lower grinding disc on the outer side of the settling section; irregular jumping mincing of battery raw materials can be achieved through collision cutting arranged in a staggered mode, dynamic adjustment of a grinding gap is completed by synchronously assisting with an adjustable assembly, and secondary grinding can be carried out according to grinding requirements. And in the grinding machining process, the grinding efficiency is improved and uniform grinding control is achieved through the dynamic adjustment action based on the grinding degree, so that the problems that traditional grinding equipment is poor in adaptability and low in single-stage grinding efficiency are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of grinding processing of lithium battery raw materials, and in particular to a multi-stage grinding device and method suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials. Background Art

[0002] The particle fineness and distribution uniformity of lithium battery positive electrode materials (such as lithium iron phosphate, ternary materials, etc.) directly affect the battery energy density and cycle performance. The current industry's core requirements for grinding processes include multi-level particle size control and low-energy and high-efficiency grinding;

[0003] Traditional grinding equipment has the following limitations in the processing of lithium battery raw materials: low single-stage grinding efficiency, single-disc or single-roll grinding devices cannot achieve particle size classification, repeated processing is required, resulting in increased energy consumption, dead corners in the grinding chamber (such as the "grinding dead corners" mentioned in the patent document publication number CN118925859A), resulting in a wide distribution range of particles and serious agglomeration, and the same device is difficult to be compatible with raw materials of different hardness (such as lithium cobalt oxide and lithium iron phosphate), and the mechanical structure needs to be frequently adjusted when changing the process;

[0004] To this end, this application proposes a solution. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage grinding device and method suitable for lithium battery raw material processing, which is used to solve the technical problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme: a multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, comprising a grinding box, wherein two groups of upper grinding seats and lower grinding seats are arranged at intervals inside the grinding box, and sedimentation intervals are symmetrically opened on the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seats and the lower grinding seats, and the upper grinding seat is installed with an upper grinding disc through an adjustable component from the outside of the sedimentation interval, and the lower grinding seat is fixedly installed with a lower grinding disc from the outside of the sedimentation interval, and the upper and lower groups of the upper and lower grinding discs respectively constitute a grinding area A and a grinding area B;

[0007] The adjustable component includes an electric push rod and a pin arranged at the upper end of the upper grinding disc, and the output end of the electric push rod and the bottom end of the cylinder are both equipped with hinges, the hinges are spherically rotatably connected to the upper grinding seat and the upper grinding disc, the pin is arranged in the middle of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc and is rotatably connected to the upper grinding seat, and the adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc; the two groups of upper grinding seats and lower grinding seats are both equipped with drive components in the axial direction, and the drive component drives the upper grinding seat or the lower grinding seat to rotate at high speed.

[0008] Further set as: a front discharge port is jointly opened on the outer circumferences of the upper grinding base and the lower grinding base which are adjacent to each other and located above, and the front discharge port corresponds to the gaps between two adjacent groups of upper grinding discs and lower grinding discs.

[0009] Further set as: grinding blades are attached and installed on the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc and the lower grinding disc, and centrifugal direction cutter grooves are arranged and distributed on the grinding blades, and the cutter groove opening directions of the upper and lower two groups of grinding blades are arranged in a staggered manner.

[0010] Further set as: a feeding hopper is installed in the middle of the upper end of the grinding box, a machine box with a pre-installed air cylinder is suspended in the middle of the feeding hopper, the output end of the air cylinder faces downward and is connected through a connecting rod with a middle discharge plug that matches the middle opening of the lower grinding base located above, and the lower grinding base located above is provided with a transfer groove that matches the middle discharge plug through an opening.

[0011] Further set as: the cross section of the transfer groove is in an "L" shape, a spiral rubber strip is arranged on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug, and a spiral groove that matches the spiral rubber strip is opened through an opening on the lower grinding base located below.

[0012] Further set as: a lower discharge plug is installed at the middle opening of the lower grinding base located below, and the structure of the lower discharge plug is the same as that of the middle discharge plug.

[0013] Further set as: a discharge gear ring is rotatably installed on the grinding box corresponding to the front discharge port, a motor is installed outside the grinding box corresponding to the discharge gear ring, and a driving gear that meshes with the discharge gear ring is installed at the output end of the motor.

[0014] Further set as: a matching hole that matches the front discharge port is opened on the discharge gear ring, and a guiding groove that is rotatably connected is opened on the grinding box corresponding to the annular track of the discharge gear ring.

[0015] The present invention also proposes a multi-stage grinding method applicable to the processing of lithium battery raw materials, including the following steps: S1: The lithium battery raw materials enter the grinding area A to complete primary grinding; S2: The semi-finished raw materials after primary grinding enter the grinding area B to complete secondary grinding; S3: In S1, the grinding gap is adjusted through an adjustable component according to the grinding requirements; S4: The discharge position is selected according to the grinding requirements.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability. The battery raw materials can be irregularly pulverized by staggered collision cutting, and the adjustable components are used to dynamically adjust the grinding gap. The battery raw materials can also be ground twice according to the grinding requirements. The advantages are: the battery raw materials can be ground twice in succession, and the dynamic adjustment action based on the grinding degree during the grinding process can improve the grinding efficiency and uniformity of the grinding control.

[0018] 2. During the multi-stage grinding process, the battery raw materials in the grinding area A complete the first grinding between the upper and lower grinding discs rotating in opposite directions, and the battery raw materials can be irregularly pulverized by the collision and cutting of the staggered grinding blades; the volume of the grinding area A composed of the upper and lower grinding discs can also be adjusted through the adjustable components, so as to dynamically adjust the "grinding degree" during the first grinding process, and be compatible with the grinding of materials of different hardness; the battery raw materials after the first grinding continue to enter the grinding area B, and the battery raw materials in the grinding area B are subjected to a more refined grinding blade to complete the second grinding, and finally achieve double grinding, that is, based on the dynamic adjustment of the grinding degree, the secondary grinding process can be completed, and the two grinding processes are carried out continuously and can be carried out in stages, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control, and solve the problems of poor adaptability of traditional grinding equipment and low single-stage grinding efficiency;

[0019] 3. According to the grinding requirements, the discharge selection is carried out to see whether the current ground product meets the grinding requirements. This is done through the upper, middle and lower discharge structures. The discharge position can be determined at the time nodes of completing the first grinding, during the first grinding and after the second grinding, ensuring that the grinding and grading are accurate to achieve the purpose of fine grinding. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a front cross-sectional schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a partial structural cutaway diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4It is a schematic structural diagram of the adjustable grinding assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the front discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structural installation of the middle discharging mechanism of the upper grinding disc of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the raw material grinding state of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. grinding box; 2. feed hopper; 3. discharge gear ring; 4. motor; 5. drive gear; 6. upper grinding seat; 7. lower grinding seat; 8. chassis; 9. middle discharge plug; 10. lower discharge plug; 11. electric push rod; 12. upper grinding disc; 13. lower grinding disc; 14. grinding blade; 15. pin shaft; 16. front discharge port; 17. fixing frame; 18. guide groove; 19. matching hole; 20. connecting rod; 21. spiral rubber strip; 22. transfer groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] Embodiment 1: In view of the problems of low single-stage grinding efficiency, insufficient uniformity control and poor equipment adaptability, the following technical solution is proposed: Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, the multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials in this embodiment includes a grinding box 1, two sets of upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 are arranged at intervals inside the grinding box 1, and the upper grinding seats 6 and the lower grinding seats 7 are symmetrically provided with settling intervals on the adjacent sides thereof, the upper grinding seat 6 is provided with an upper grinding disc 12 through an adjustable component from the outside of the settling interval, and the lower grinding seat 7 is provided with a lower grinding disc 13 fixedly installed from the outside of the settling interval;

[0031] The adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13, and the upper and lower groups of upper grinding discs 12 and lower grinding discs 13 respectively form a grinding area A and a grinding area B. The setting of such grinding area A and grinding area B allows the grinding raw materials injected from top to bottom to be immediately subjected to secondary grinding after completing the first grinding, and the dynamic grinding of the lithium battery raw materials during the grinding process is completed through the dynamically adjustable grinding gap, thereby achieving high grinding efficiency and adapting to the grinding needs of raw materials with different hardness;

[0032] Reference Figure 3and Figure 4 As shown, the adjustable component includes an electric push rod 11 and a pin 15 arranged at the upper end of the upper grinding disc 12, and the output end of the electric push rod 11 and the bottom end of the cylinder are both installed with hinges, and the hinges are spherically rotatably connected with the upper grinding seat 6 and the upper grinding disc 12, and the pin 15 is arranged at the middle of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc 12 and is rotatably connected with the upper grinding seat 6;

[0033] The two sets of upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 are both equipped with driving components in the axial direction, and the driving components drive the upper grinding seats 6 or the lower grinding seats 7 to rotate at high speed. It should be explained that this case is based on the improved design of the multi-stage grinding structure, and the driving components here are not indicated in the schematic diagram, but those skilled in the art can respond according to the actual mechanical design specifications to ensure that the two sets of upper grinding seats 6 and lower grinding seats 7 can achieve reverse high-speed rotation to achieve the purpose of grinding, and no further elaboration is made;

[0034] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, grinding blades 14 are attached to the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13, and the grinding blades 14 are provided with arranged and distributed centrifugal direction knife grooves, and the knife grooves of the upper and lower groups of grinding blades 14 are arranged in staggered directions;

[0035] The grinding blades 14 of the same group are staggered in the projection direction. The purpose of this arrangement is to make the battery raw materials in the grinding area A and the grinding area B form irregular collision and crushing, and in this process, it can also drive the battery raw materials to change their positions in the centrifugal direction during grinding, and finally complete the fine grinding of the raw materials in the battery raw material processing process. The following is a detailed description:

[0036] The battery raw material first enters the grinding area A through the feed hopper 2, and the driving assembly drives the upper grinding seat 6 and the lower grinding seat 7 to rotate at high speed in different directions. At this time, the battery raw material in the grinding area A completes the first grinding between the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 rotating in opposite directions, and is subjected to the collision and cutting of the staggered grinding blades 14, so that the battery raw material can be irregularly pulverized;

[0037] In this process, the volume of the grinding area A formed by the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 can also be adjusted through the adjustable component. Specifically, by starting the electric push rod 20, the electric push rod 20 drives the upper grinding disc 12 to complete the folding during the grinding process, and dynamically adjusts the "grinding degree" during the first grinding process, which is compatible with the grinding of materials with different hardnesses. Not only that, it can also reduce the wide distribution range of particles and the formation of agglomeration phenomena, and complete repeated grinding with dynamic grinding actions;

[0038] According to the grinding requirements, the battery raw materials after the first grinding continue to enter the grinding area B, and the battery raw materials in the grinding area B are subjected to a more refined grinding blade 14 to complete the second grinding, and finally double grinding is achieved, that is, the secondary grinding process can be completed after the dynamic adjustment of the grinding degree. The two grinding processes are performed continuously and can be performed in stages, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the grinding efficiency and uniform grinding control, and solve the problems of poor adaptability of traditional grinding equipment and low single-stage grinding efficiency;

[0039] Basic principle: Figure 2 To explain, the battery raw materials can be irregularly pulverized by staggered collision cutting, and the grinding gap can be dynamically adjusted with the help of adjustable components. Secondary grinding can also be performed according to grinding requirements. The advantages are: the battery raw materials can be ground twice in succession, and the dynamic adjustment action based on the grinding degree during the grinding process can improve the grinding efficiency and uniformity of the grinding control.

[0040] Embodiment 2: In order to achieve the grinding requirements, the following technical solutions are proposed for how to design the discharge position to ensure accurate grinding and classification to achieve the purpose of fine grinding: Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the outer circumference of the upper grinding seat 6 and the lower grinding seat 7 located above are jointly provided with a front discharge port 16, and the front discharge port 16 corresponds to the gap between the two adjacent groups of upper grinding discs 12 and lower grinding discs 13. A feed hopper 2 is installed in the middle of the upper end of the grinding box 1, and a chassis 8 with a pre-installed cylinder is suspended in the middle of the feed hopper 2;

[0041] The output end of the cylinder is connected to a middle discharge plug 9 matching the middle opening of the lower grinding seat 7 located above through a connecting rod 20, and the lower grinding seat 7 located above is provided with a transfer groove 22 matching the middle discharge plug 9 through an opening, and a lower discharge plug 10 is installed at the middle opening of the lower grinding seat 7 located below, and the structure of the lower discharge plug 10 is the same as that of the middle discharge plug 9;

[0042] As mentioned above, by setting the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9, the discharge selection is performed when the current ground product meets the grinding requirements. In this process, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in opposite opening and closing states, that is, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in an open and closed state, not in a simultaneous opening or closing state. Therefore, after a single grinding, the direct discharge or secondary grinding process can be selected; and the setting of the lower discharge plug 10 is to complete the final discharge after completing the secondary grinding;

[0043] Reference Figure 6As shown, the cross-section of the transfer groove 22 is in a "C" shape. A spiral rubber strip 21 is arranged on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug 9, and the lower grinding base 7 below is provided with a spiral groove matching the spiral rubber strip 21 through an opening. The spiral rubber strip 21 on the middle discharge plug 9 and the spiral groove on the lower grinding base 7 are matched, and the spiral rubber strip 21 has a deformable function, and can seal the grinding areas A and B during this process to avoid leakage of the ground material finished product;

[0044] Referring to Figure 5 As shown, a discharge gear ring 3 is rotatably installed on the grinding box 1 corresponding to the front discharge port 16. A motor 4 is installed outside the grinding box 1 corresponding to the discharge gear ring 3. The output end of the motor 4 is installed with a driving gear 5 meshing with the discharge gear ring 3. A matching hole 19 matching the front discharge port 16 is opened on the discharge gear ring 3, and a guiding groove 18 is opened on the grinding box 1 corresponding to the annular track of the discharge gear ring 3 for rotational connection;

[0045] Referring to the above, the process of discharging after one grinding process is as follows: At this time, the motor 4 is started to drive the driving gear 5 to rotate, and the driving gear 5 drives the discharge gear ring 3 to rotate until the matching hole 19 is aligned with the front discharge port 16. The ground raw material in the grinding area A is discharged through the front discharge port 16 under the continuous rotational centrifugal force and can be collected;

[0046] The effect is that for grinding requirements, the discharge selection of whether the current grinding finished product meets the grinding requirements is specifically completed through the discharge structures in the upper, middle and lower parts, and the discharge position can be determined at the time nodes after one grinding, during one grinding and after secondary grinding, ensuring that the grinding classification is accurate and the purpose of fine grinding is achieved.

[0047] Embodiment 3: Combining the technical contents of Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, this embodiment also proposes a multi-stage grinding method applicable to the processing of lithium battery raw materials, including the following steps:

[0048] S1: The lithium battery raw materials enter the grinding area A to complete the primary grinding. The battery raw materials first enter the grinding area A through the feeding hopper 2. The driving assembly drives the upper grinding base 6 and the lower grinding base 7 to rotate at high speeds in different directions. At this time, the battery raw materials in the grinding area A complete the first grinding between the oppositely rotating upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13, and are collided and cut by the staggeredly arranged grinding blades 14, so that the battery raw materials can achieve irregular jumping and crushing;

[0049] S2: The semi-finished raw materials after the primary grinding enter the grinding area B to complete the secondary grinding. The battery raw materials after the first grinding continue to enter the grinding area B. The battery raw materials in the grinding area B are then subjected to more refined grinding blades 14 to complete the second grinding, and finally double grinding is achieved;

[0050] S3: In S1, the grinding gap is adjusted by the adjustable component according to the grinding requirements. In this process, the volume of the grinding area A formed by the upper grinding disc 12 and the lower grinding disc 13 can also be adjusted by the adjustable component. Specifically, the electric push rod 20 is started, and the electric push rod 20 drives the upper grinding disc 12 to complete the folding during the grinding process, so as to dynamically adjust the "grinding degree" during the first grinding process, so as to be compatible with the grinding of materials with different hardnesses. In addition, the wide distribution range of particles and the formation of agglomeration phenomena can be reduced, and repeated grinding can be completed with dynamic grinding actions;

[0051] S4: Select the discharge position according to the grinding requirements. During this process, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in opposite opening and closing states, that is, the front discharge port 16 and the middle discharge plug 9 are in an open and closed state, not in a simultaneous opening or closing state. Therefore, after a single grinding, you can choose to discharge directly or perform a secondary grinding process; and the setting of the lower discharge plug 10 is to complete the final discharge after completing the secondary grinding.

[0052] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to only specific implementation methods. Obviously, many modifications and changes can be made according to the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well. The present invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, comprising a grinding box (1), characterized in that: Inside the grinding box (1), two groups of upper grinding seats (6) and lower grinding seats (7) are arranged at intervals. On the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seat (6) and the lower grinding seat (7), settling intervals are symmetrically opened. The upper grinding seat (6) is equipped with an upper grinding disc (12) on the outer side of the settling interval through an adjustable component. The lower grinding seat (7) is fixedly installed with a lower grinding disc (13) on the outer side of the settling interval. And between the upper and lower groups of the upper grinding discs (12) and the lower grinding discs (13), grinding areas A and B are respectively formed. The adjustable component includes an electric push rod (11) and a pin shaft (15) arranged at the upper end of the upper grinding disc (12). Hinged parts are installed at the output end and the bottom end of the cylinder barrel of the electric push rod (11). The hinged parts are spherically rotatably connected to both the upper grinding seat (6) and the upper grinding disc (12). The pin shaft (15) is arranged in the middle of the outer circumference of the upper grinding disc (12) and is rotatably connected to the upper grinding seat (6). The adjustable component is used to adjust the grinding gap between the upper grinding disc (12) and the lower grinding disc (13). Driving components are installed in the axial directions of the two groups of the upper grinding seats (6) and the lower grinding seats (7), and the driving components drive the upper grinding seat (6) or the lower grinding seat (7) to rotate at a high speed.

2. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the outer circumferences of the adjacent sides of the upper grinding seat (6) and the lower grinding seat (7) located above, a front discharge port (16) is jointly opened. The front discharge port (16) corresponds to the gaps between two adjacent groups of the upper grinding discs (12) and the lower grinding discs (13).

3. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: Grinding blades (14) are attached and installed on the outer surfaces of the upper grinding disc (12) and the lower grinding disc (13). And centrifugal direction knife grooves are arranged in a distributed manner on the grinding blades (14). The knife groove opening directions of the upper and lower groups of the grinding blades (14) are arranged in a staggered manner.

4. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the middle of the upper end of the grinding box (1), a feeding hopper (2) is installed. In the middle of the feeding hopper (2), a machine box (8) with a pre-installed air cylinder is suspended. The output end of the air cylinder faces downward and is connected through a connecting rod (20) with a middle discharge plug (9) that matches the middle opening of the lower grinding seat (7) located above. The lower grinding seat (7) located above is provided with a transfer groove (22) that matches the middle discharge plug (9) through an opening.

5. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross-section of the transfer groove (22) is in an "L" shape. A spiral rubber strip (21) is arranged on the outer circumference of the middle discharge plug (9). And the lower grinding seat (7) located below is provided with a spiral groove that matches the spiral rubber strip (21) through an opening.

6. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: A lower discharge plug (10) is installed at the middle opening of the lower grinding seat (7) located below. The structure of the lower discharge plug (10) is the same as that of the middle discharge plug (9).

7. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: A discharge tooth ring (3) is rotatably installed on the grinding box (1) corresponding to the front discharge port (16). A motor (4) is installed outside the grinding box (1) corresponding to the discharge tooth ring (3). The output end of the motor (4) is installed with a driving tooth (5) that meshes with the discharge tooth ring (3).

8. The multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials according to claim 7, characterized in that: A matching hole (19) that matches the front discharge port (16) is opened on the discharge tooth ring (3). A guiding groove (18) for rotational connection is opened on the grinding box (1) corresponding to the annular track of the discharge tooth ring (3).

9. A multi-stage grinding method suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials, using the multi-stage grinding device suitable for processing lithium battery raw materials as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: the lithium battery raw material enters the grinding area A to complete the initial grinding; S2: the semi-finished raw materials after the initial grinding enter the grinding area B to complete the secondary grinding; S3: in S1, the grinding gap is adjusted by the adjustable component according to the grinding requirements; S4: Select the discharge position according to the grinding requirements.

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