Sorting device and sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets

Abstract

The sorting device comprises a feeding mechanism, an arranging mechanism, a sorting mechanism and a sorting box which are sequentially arranged, a discharging mechanism is arranged between the arranging mechanism and the sorting mechanism, and the feeding mechanism, the arranging mechanism, the discharging mechanism and the sorting mechanism are electrically connected with a control system. According to the sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting the gaskets, the sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting the gaskets is utilized, and the gaskets are sequentially subjected to the steps that S1, the gaskets are initially sorted through the feeding mechanism; s2, screening is conducted through a height limiting baffle; s3, the washers on the to-be-selected machine table fall off in a curve mode in the direction of the qualified storage box; s4, optical detection is carried out through the front face detection assembly and the back face detection assembly to judge whether the product is qualified or not; and S5, the qualified gaskets fall into a qualified storage box, and the unqualified gaskets are blocked by the sorting mechanism controlled by the control system, so that the unqualified gaskets fall into an unqualified storage box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of automobile parts processing, and in particular relates to a sorting device and a sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting washers. Background Art

[0002] In the context of increasingly fierce competition in the global automobile market, improving the overall performance and safety of automobiles has become the top priority for major automobile manufacturers. As an important component of connecting and supporting various components, the performance of fasteners directly affects the safety and reliability of automobiles. With the continuous advancement of automobile technology, especially under the demand for lightweight and high performance, the application of flat washers is particularly important. Flat washers can not only effectively disperse the pressure applied by fasteners and reduce local deformation of materials, but also improve the stability of connections and reduce the risk of loosening. At the same time, flat washers also play an indispensable role in preventing corrosion and improving sealing.

[0003] Due to structural problems, the traditional flat pad surface treatment process is prone to sticking to each other during the electroplating process, resulting in the inability to electroplate the adhesive surface, resulting in poor passivation of the flat pad and leakage of the plating layer, which in turn affects the appearance and salt spray performance of the product. Therefore, before the flat pads are delivered, they will be selected by manual full inspection, but the long-term manual selection operation has poor stability, is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and has relatively low production efficiency. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can automatically load and sort the gaskets that cannot be plated to replace manual operations. Summary of the invention

[0004] In summary, in order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, comprising a feeding mechanism, an arranging mechanism, a sorting mechanism and a sorting box which are arranged in sequence, a discharging mechanism for making the gaskets fly into the sorting mechanism at a certain speed is arranged between the arranging mechanism and the sorting mechanism, the arranging mechanism comprises an arranging machine, a conveyor belt for delivering the gaskets delivered to the arranging machine by the feeding mechanism to the discharging mechanism, and a height-limiting baffle for blocking the gaskets from sticking, the discharging mechanism comprises a waiting machine and a variable-speed transmission belt, the conveyor belt comprises a first conveying section arranged on the arranging machine, a second conveying section arranged above the waiting machine, and a connecting section connecting the first conveying section and the second conveying section. The conveying section, the height limit baffle is arranged between the feeding mechanism and the connecting conveying section, the sorting box includes an unqualified storage box and a qualified storage box, the sorting mechanism includes an optical detection mechanism for detecting whether the gasket is qualified and a unloading mechanism for sending the unqualified gasket into the unqualified storage box, the unqualified storage box is arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected and the qualified storage box, the optical detection mechanism includes a front detection component arranged above the discharge end of the machine to be selected and a back detection component arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected and the unqualified storage box, the unloading mechanism is arranged between the unqualified storage box and the qualified storage box, the feeding mechanism, the arranging mechanism, the discharge mechanism and the sorting mechanism are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, machines are used to select products with poor electroplating passivation, eliminating the risk of poorly passivated products flowing out. By replacing people with machines, the risk of time-consuming and labor-intensive manual sorting and inability to identify 100% is avoided, the labor intensity of the operation is reduced, the selection time and selection costs are saved, the production efficiency is improved, and the process flow is optimized.

[0007] The present invention is further provided that: the arrangement mechanism also includes a diversion guide rail for performing multi-channel diversion on the gasket passing through the height limiting baffle, and the diversion guide rail is arranged between the height limiting baffle and the sorting mechanism, and the diversion guide rail includes a main section guide rail arranged at one end of the arrangement machine corresponding to the machine to be selected, a transfer guide rail arranged in the connecting conveying section, and a sub-section guide rail arranged on the variable speed transmission belt.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution and setting a diversion guide rail, the gaskets enter the diversion guide rail for diversion and are automatically arranged in order, which is convenient for simultaneous detection and sorting of multiple groups of gaskets, further improving the sorting accuracy.

[0009] The present invention further provides that: the front detection component and the back detection component both include multiple groups of optical probes for identifying whether the gasket is qualified by identifying the intensity and color change of the gasket light, and the number and position of the optical probes correspond one-to-one to the number and position of the diversion guide rails.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the front and back sides of multiple groups of gaskets are inspected at the same time, which greatly improves the efficiency and accuracy of sorting.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: the unloading mechanism includes a rack arranged above the unqualified storage box and a plurality of air outlet components arranged on the rack, the number and positions of the air outlet components correspond one to one with the number and positions of the diversion guide rails, the air outlet component includes an air jet component and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the air outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the front detection component and the back detection component through a control system.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, solenoid valve control is adopted to accurately blow off unqualified gaskets, and jet unloading is adopted at the same time. The structure is simple, the cost is low, and multiple groups of air outlet components perform corresponding work with high efficiency and high precision.

[0013] The present invention is further provided that: the height limiting baffle is inclined toward the discharging direction, a circulating return component is provided on one side of the inclined rear end of the height limiting baffle of the arrangement machine corresponding to the height limiting baffle, the circulating return component comprises a return conveyor belt arranged in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt, a limiting baffle arranged between the conveyor belt and the return conveyor belt, and a feeding baffle for sending the gasket on the return conveyor belt back to the conveyor belt, the limiting baffle is arranged between the height limiting baffle and the feeding baffle, a feeding area for gaskets that cannot pass through the height limiting baffle to enter the return conveyor belt is arranged between the limiting baffle and the height limiting baffle, and a return area for gaskets on the return conveyor belt to be sent back to the conveyor belt along the feeding baffle is arranged between the limiting baffle and the height limiting baffle.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, there is no need to manually pick out sticky gaskets. During the movement of the gaskets through the height limit baffle, the recycling assembly and the limit baffle, the sticky gaskets are separated by impact and vibration, and re-enter the height limit baffle for selection. Qualified ones enter the diversion guide rail, and unqualified ones enter the recycling assembly again.

[0015] The present invention is further provided that: the feeding mechanism includes a feeding rack arranged in a stepped shape, the feeding rack includes a feed plate, a lower feeding plate and a top feeding plate arranged from bottom to top, the feed plate, the lower feeding plate and the top feeding plate are all arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end to the discharge end, and a movable plate for sequentially sending the gasket below to the upper side is arranged between the feed plate, the lower feeding plate and the top feeding plate, the upper end surface of the movable plate is arranged parallel to the inclination of the lower feeding plate, the height of the movable plate is greater than the height of the lower feeding plate, the height difference between the movable plates is the same as the height difference between the feed plate, the lower feeding plate and the top feeding plate, the movable plates are connected to each other by a connecting assembly, and a driving mechanism for driving the movable plate to move material up and down reciprocatingly is arranged under the feeding rack.

[0016] By adopting the above technical scheme, the loading is automatically arranged, and multiple movable plates are controlled by a driving mechanism to load the materials. The feed plate, the lower loading plate and the top loading plate are arranged at an angle, and the gaskets move toward the movable plate of the layer along the inclined direction of the feed plate, and then the movable plate moves the gaskets in this column to the lower loading plate of the upper layer. When the movable plate moves down and resets, the gaskets in this column on the lower loading plate of the layer move toward the movable plate of the layer along the inclined direction of the lower loading plate (depending on the total number of layers, move up in sequence), and finally move to the top loading plate, and then the gaskets on the top loading plate fall from the discharge end along the inclined direction of the top loading plate onto the conveyor belt, completing the initial arrangement of the gaskets.

[0017] The present invention further provides that: the widths of the lower loading plate and the movable plate are both adapted to the diameter of the gasket, the lower loading plate is more than one group, and the discharge end of the top loading plate is arranged above the arrangement machine.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, it is convenient for the washers to enter the arrangement mechanism in rows.

[0019] The present invention further provides that: the sorting box includes a funnel and a storage box, and the storage box is arranged below the funnel.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the funnel is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, which is convenient for the discharge mechanism to work. A storage box is provided, which is convenient for replacement when the storage box is full or cleaned.

[0021] A sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, using a sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, so that the gaskets are sequentially subjected to step S1: initial sorting of the gaskets is performed by a feeding mechanism; step S2: the gaskets that are blocked and sticky are screened by a height-limiting baffle, and the gaskets with a single layer of qualification pass through the height-limiting baffle and enter a waiting machine along a conveyor belt; step S3: the gaskets on the waiting machine are caused to fall in a curve from the discharge end of the variable speed conveyor belt to the direction of a qualified storage box due to inertia by controlling the speed of the variable speed conveyor belt; step S4: in the process of the gaskets moving from the discharge end of the variable speed conveyor belt to the direction of the qualified storage box, optical inspection is successively performed on the front and back sides of the gaskets by a front detection component and a back detection component to determine whether they are qualified; step S5: the qualified gaskets fall freely into the qualified storage box, and the optical inspection mechanism determines that the gaskets are unqualified, and the optical inspection mechanism generates an output signal, and the sorting mechanism is controlled by a control system to block the corresponding gaskets so that they fall into the unqualified storage box.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the process is simple, which not only avoids the sticking of gaskets, but also sorts out the products with poor electroplating passivation, eliminating the risk of unqualified products flowing out. Multi-layer sorting has high sorting accuracy, saves sorting time and sorting costs, improves production efficiency, and optimizes the process flow.

[0023] The present invention is further configured to include the following steps: Step S1: Initially sorting the gaskets through a feeding mechanism so that they enter an arrangement machine row by row; Step S2: After passing through a height-limiting baffle, the gaskets enter a diversion guide rail for diversion and are automatically arranged in order; Step S3: Multiple groups of gaskets enter a variable-speed transmission belt along the diversion guide rail; Step S4: Optically inspecting the front and back sides of the gaskets in the track area through a front detection component and a back detection component of a corresponding group, respectively, and determining whether the corresponding gaskets are qualified; Step S5: The corresponding optical detection mechanism generates an output signal, controls the operation of the corresponding solenoid valve through a control system, and blows the corresponding gaskets into an unqualified storage box through a jet component.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, multiple groups can be sorted at the same time, which greatly improves the sorting efficiency.

[0025] The present invention is further arranged: the step S2 includes: step S21: screening the gaskets that block sticking through the height limiting baffle, and the qualified single-layer gaskets pass through the height limiting baffle and enter the selection machine along the conveyor belt, and the gaskets that do not pass through the height limiting baffle pass through the feed area along the limit baffle and enter the return conveyor belt; step S22: sending them back to the conveyor belt along the feed baffle through the return material area; step S23: repeating step S21.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, there is no need to manually pick out sticky gaskets. During the movement of the gaskets through the height limit baffle, the recycling assembly and the limit baffle, the sticky gaskets are separated by the impact and vibration, and re-enter the height limit baffle for selection. Qualified ones enter the diversion guide rail, and unqualified ones re-enter the recycling assembly. The whole process is automated, simple to operate and highly efficient.

[0027] The examples describe specific embodiments of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 The local structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 3 The local structure of the embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 It is a cross-sectional view of a feeding mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Reference numerals: 1. Loading mechanism, 11. Loading rack, 111. Feed plate, 112. Lower loading plate, 113. Top loading plate, 12. Movable plate, 13. Connecting assembly, 14. Driving mechanism, 2. Arrangement mechanism, 21. Arrangement machine, 22. Conveyor belt, 221. First conveying section, 222. Connecting conveying section, 223. Second conveying section, 23. Height limit baffle, 24. Diversion guide rail, 241. Main section guide rail, 242. Transfer guide rail, 243. Auxiliary section guide rail, 25. Circulation return material Components, 251. Reflux conveyor belt, 252. Limit baffle, 253. Feed baffle, 254. Feeding area, 255. Returning area, 3. Discharging mechanism, 31. Machine to be selected, 32. Variable speed conveyor belt, 4. Sorting mechanism, 41. Optical detection mechanism, 411. Front detection component, 412. Back detection component, 42. Unloading mechanism, 421. Frame, 422. Exhaust component, 5. Sorting box, 51. Unqualified storage box, 52. Qualified storage box, 53. Funnel, 54. Storage box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] This specific embodiment is merely an explanation of the present invention and is not a limitation of the present invention. After reading this specification, those skilled in the art may make non-creative modifications to the present embodiment as needed. However, as long as they are within the scope of the claims of the present invention, they are protected by the patent law.

[0031] See attached Figure 1-4A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, comprising a feeding mechanism 1, an arranging mechanism 2, a sorting mechanism 4 and a sorting box 5 which are arranged in sequence, a discharging mechanism 3 for making the gaskets fly into the sorting mechanism 4 at a certain speed is arranged between the arranging mechanism 2 and the sorting mechanism 4, the arranging mechanism 2 comprises an arranging machine 21, a conveyor belt 22 for conveying the gaskets on the arranging machine 21 sent by the feeding mechanism 1 to the discharging mechanism 3, and a height limiting baffle 23 for blocking the gaskets from sticking, the discharging mechanism 3 comprises a waiting machine 31 and a variable speed transmission belt 32, the conveyor belt 22 comprises a first conveying section 221 arranged on the arranging machine 21, a second conveying section 223 arranged above the waiting machine 31 and a connecting conveying section 222 connecting the first conveying section 221 and the second conveying section 223, the height limiting baffle 23 It is arranged between the loading mechanism 1 and the connecting conveying section 222, the sorting box 5 includes an unqualified storage box 51 and a qualified storage box 52, the sorting mechanism 4 includes an optical detection mechanism 41 for detecting whether the gasket is qualified and a unloading mechanism 42 for sending the unqualified gasket into the unqualified storage box 51, the unqualified storage box 51 is arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected 31 and the qualified storage box 52, the optical detection mechanism 41 includes a front detection component 411 arranged above the discharge end of the machine to be selected 31 and a back detection component 412 arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected 31 and the unqualified storage box 51, the unloading mechanism 42 is arranged between the unqualified storage box 51 and the qualified storage box 52, the loading mechanism 1, the arranging mechanism 2, the discharge mechanism 3 and the sorting mechanism 4 are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

[0032] This embodiment further configures: the arrangement mechanism 2 also includes a diversion guide rail 24 for diverting the gasket passing through the height limit baffle 23 into multiple channels, and the diversion guide rail 24 is arranged between the height limit baffle 23 and the sorting mechanism 4. The diversion guide rail 24 includes a main section guide rail 241 arranged at one end of the arrangement machine 21 corresponding to the to-be-selected machine 31, a transfer guide rail 242 arranged in the connecting conveying section 222, and a sub-section guide rail 243 arranged on the variable speed transmission belt 32.

[0033] This embodiment is further configured as follows: the front detection component 411 and the back detection component 412 both include multiple groups of optical probes for identifying whether the gasket is qualified by identifying the intensity and color change of the gasket light, and the number and position of the optical probes correspond one-to-one to the number and position of the diversion guide rails 24.

[0034] The present embodiment is further configured as follows: the unloading mechanism 42 includes a frame 421 arranged above the unqualified storage box 51 and a plurality of air outlet components 422 arranged on the frame 421, the number and position of the air outlet components 422 correspond one to one with the number and position of the diversion guide rails 24, the air outlet component 422 includes an air injection component and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the air outlet, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the front detection component 411 and the back detection component 412 through a control system.

[0035] In the technical solution of the present invention, the unloading mechanism 42 can also use a lifting baffle or the like to block the gasket from flying into the qualified storage box 52, but considering the cost, the jet type is preferably used.

[0036] The present embodiment is further configured as follows: the height limiting baffle 23 is inclined toward the discharging direction; a circulating return component 25 is provided on one side of the inclined rear end of the arranging machine 21 corresponding to the height limiting baffle 23; the circulating return component 25 comprises a return conveyor belt 251 which is arranged in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt 22, a limiting baffle 252 arranged between the conveyor belt 22 and the return conveyor belt 251, and a feeding baffle 253 for returning the gasket on the return conveyor belt 251 to the conveyor belt 22; the limiting baffle 252 is arranged between the height limiting baffle 23 and the feeding baffle 253; a feeding area 254 is provided between the limiting baffle 252 and the height limiting baffle 23 for gaskets which cannot pass through the height limiting baffle 23 to enter the return conveyor belt 22; a returning area 255 is provided between the limiting baffle 252 and the feeding baffle 253 for returning the gasket on the return conveyor belt 251 to the conveyor belt 22 along the feeding baffle 253.

[0037] The present embodiment is further configured as follows: the feeding mechanism 1 comprises a feeding frame 11 arranged in a stepped shape, the feeding frame 11 comprises a feeding plate 111, a lower feeding plate 112 and a top feeding plate 113 arranged from bottom to top, the feeding plate 111, the lower feeding plate 112 and the top feeding plate 113 are all arranged to be inclined downward from the feeding end to the discharging end, and a space is provided between the feeding plate 111, the lower feeding plate 112 and the top feeding plate 113 for feeding the gasket below in sequence. The movable plate 12 is inserted into the upper part, and the upper end surface of the movable plate 12 is arranged parallel to the inclination of the lower loading plate 112. The height of the movable plate 12 is greater than the height of the lower loading plate 112. The height difference between the movable plates 12 is the same as the height difference between the feed plate 111, the lower loading plate 112 and the top loading plate 113. The movable plates 12 are connected by a connecting component 13. A driving mechanism 14 is arranged under the loading rack 11 to drive the movable plate 12 to move material up and down reciprocatingly.

[0038] This embodiment is further configured as follows: the widths of the lower loading plate 112 and the movable plate 12 are adapted to the diameter of the gasket, the lower loading plate 112 is more than one group, and the discharge end of the top loading plate 113 is arranged above the arrangement machine 21 .

[0039] This embodiment further provides that: the sorting box 5 includes a funnel 53 and a storage box 54 , and the storage box 54 is arranged below the funnel 53 .

[0040] The present invention also provides a sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, using a sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets, so that the gaskets are sequentially subjected to step S1: initial sorting of the gaskets is performed by a feeding mechanism 1; step S2: the gaskets that are blocked from sticking are screened by a height limiting baffle 23, and the gaskets with a single layer of qualified gaskets pass through the height limiting baffle 23 and enter the selection machine 31 along the conveyor belt 22; step S3: by controlling the speed of the variable speed transmission belt 32, the gaskets on the selection machine 31 are moved from the discharge end of the variable speed transmission belt 32 to the qualified storage box 52 due to inertia. Fall in a curve; step S4: in the process of the gasket moving from the discharge end of the variable speed conveyor belt 32 to the qualified storage box 52, the front detection component 411 and the back detection component 412 are respectively optically inspected on the front and back sides of the gasket to determine whether it is qualified; step S5: the qualified gaskets fall freely into the qualified storage box 52, and the unqualified gaskets are judged by the optical detection mechanism 41. The optical detection mechanism 41 generates an output signal, and the control system controls the sorting mechanism 4 to block the corresponding gaskets, so that they fall into the unqualified storage box 51.

[0041] In the technical solution of the present invention, the height limiting baffles 23 may be in one row or in multiple rows arranged at intervals.

[0042] The present embodiment is further configured to include the following steps: Step S1: Initially sorting the gaskets through the feeding mechanism 1 so that they enter the arrangement machine 21 in rows; Step S2: After passing through the height limit baffle 23, the gaskets enter the diversion guide rail 24 for diversion and are automatically arranged in order; Step S3: Multiple groups of gaskets enter the variable speed transmission belt 32 along the diversion guide rail 24; Step S4: Optically inspect the front and back sides of the gaskets in the track area through the corresponding groups of front detection components 411 and back detection components 412, respectively, and determine whether the corresponding gaskets are qualified; Step S5: The corresponding optical detection mechanism 41 generates an output signal, controls the corresponding solenoid valve to work through the control system, and blows the corresponding gaskets into the unqualified storage box 51 through the jet component.

[0043] This embodiment is further configured as follows: Step S2 includes: Step S21: Screening the gaskets that prevent sticking through the height limiting baffle 23, and the qualified single-layer gaskets pass through the height limiting baffle 23 and enter the selection machine 31 along the conveyor belt 22, and the gaskets that do not pass through the height limiting baffle 23 enter the return conveyor belt 251 along the limit baffle 252 through the feed area 254; Step S22: Send them back to the conveyor belt 22 along the return area 255 along the feed baffle 253; Step S23: Repeat Step S21.

[0044] The above-mentioned "between" does not only refer to the direction and position, but also includes the meaning of the interaction between different parts. The above-mentioned "upper", "lower", "front" and "back" are only relative positions for the convenience of explanation, and do not exclude the possibility of using other terms.

[0045] Although this article uses more: feeding mechanism 1, feeding rack 11, feeding plate 111, lower feeding plate 112, top feeding plate 113, movable plate 12, connecting component 13, driving mechanism 14, arranging mechanism 2, arranging machine 21, conveyor belt 22, first conveying section 221, connecting conveying section 222, second conveying section 223, height limiting baffle 23, diversion guide rail 24, main section guide rail 241, transfer guide rail 242, auxiliary section guide rail 243, circulation return component 25, return flow The conveyor belt 251, the limit baffle 252, the feeding baffle 253, the feeding area 254, the return area 255, the discharging mechanism 3, the waiting machine 31, the variable speed conveyor belt 32, the sorting mechanism 4, the optical detection mechanism 41, the front detection component 411, the back detection component 412, the unloading mechanism 42, the frame 421, the air outlet component 422, the sorting box 5, the unqualified storage box 51, the qualified storage box 52, the funnel 53, the storage box 54 and other terms are used, but the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. The use of these terms is only to more conveniently describe and explain the essence of the present invention; interpreting them as any additional restrictions is contrary to the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers, characterized in that: The invention comprises a feeding mechanism, an arranging mechanism, a sorting mechanism and a sorting box which are arranged in sequence; a discharging mechanism for making the gasket fly into the sorting mechanism at a certain speed is arranged between the arranging mechanism and the sorting mechanism; the arranging mechanism comprises an arranging machine, a conveyor belt for sending the gasket sent by the feeding mechanism to the arranging machine to the discharging mechanism and a height-limiting baffle for blocking the gasket from sticking; the discharging mechanism comprises a waiting machine and a variable-speed transmission belt; the conveyor belt comprises a first conveying section arranged on the arranging machine, a second conveying section arranged above the waiting machine and a connecting conveying section connecting the first conveying section and the second conveying section; the height-limiting baffle is arranged between the feeding mechanism and the connecting Between the conveying sections, the sorting box includes an unqualified storage box and a qualified storage box, the sorting mechanism includes an optical detection mechanism for detecting whether the gasket is qualified and a unloading mechanism for sending the unqualified gasket into the unqualified storage box, the unqualified storage box is arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected and the qualified storage box, the optical detection mechanism includes a front detection component arranged above the discharge end of the machine to be selected and a back detection component arranged between the discharge end of the machine to be selected and the unqualified storage box, the unloading mechanism is arranged between the unqualified storage box and the qualified storage box, and the loading mechanism, the arranging mechanism, the discharge mechanism and the sorting mechanism are electrically connected to the control system respectively.

2. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arrangement mechanism also includes a diversion guide rail for diverting the gasket passing through the height limiting baffle into multiple channels. The diversion guide rail is arranged between the height limiting baffle and the sorting mechanism. The diversion guide rail includes a main section guide rail arranged at one end of the arrangement machine corresponding to the machine to be selected, a transfer guide rail arranged in the connecting conveying section, and a sub-section guide rail arranged on the variable speed transmission belt.

3. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The front detection component and the back detection component both include multiple groups of optical probes for identifying whether the gasket is qualified by identifying the intensity and color change of the gasket light. The number and position of the optical probes correspond to the number and position of the diversion guide rails.

4. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 2, characterized in that: The unloading mechanism includes a rack arranged above the unqualified storage box and a plurality of air outlet components arranged on the rack. The number and positions of the air outlet components correspond one to one with the number and positions of the diversion guide rails. The air outlet component includes an air jet and an electromagnetic valve for controlling the air outlet. The electromagnetic valve is electrically connected to the front detection component and the back detection component through a control system.

5. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height limiting baffle is arranged to be inclined in the discharge direction, and a circulating return material component is arranged on one side of the inclined rear end of the height limiting baffle of the arrangement machine corresponding to the height limiting baffle. The circulating return material component includes a return conveyor belt arranged in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt, a limiting baffle arranged between the conveyor belt and the return conveyor belt, and a feeding baffle for sending the gasket on the return conveyor belt back to the conveyor belt, the limiting baffle is arranged between the height limiting baffle and the feeding baffle, a feeding area for gaskets that cannot pass through the height limiting baffle to enter the return conveyor belt is arranged between the limiting baffle and the height limiting baffle, and a return material area for gaskets on the return conveyor belt to be sent back to the conveyor belt along the feeding baffle is arranged between the limiting baffle and the feeding baffle.

6. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 1, characterized in that: The loading mechanism includes a loading rack arranged in a stepped shape, and the loading rack includes a feed plate, a lower loading plate and a top loading plate arranged from bottom to top, and the feed plate, the lower loading plate and the top loading plate are all arranged to be inclined downward from the feed end to the discharge end, and a movable plate for sequentially sending the gasket below to the upper side is arranged between the feed plate, the lower loading plate and the top loading plate, and the upper end surface of the movable plate is arranged parallel to the inclination of the lower loading plate, the height of the movable plate is greater than the height of the lower loading plate, the height difference between the movable plates is the same as the height difference between the feed plate, the lower loading plate and the top loading plate, and the movable plates are connected to each other by a connecting component, and a driving mechanism for driving the movable plate to move up and down reciprocatingly is arranged under the loading rack.

7. A sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting washers according to claim 6, characterized in that: The widths of the lower loading plate and the movable plate are both adapted to the diameter of the gasket, the lower loading plate is provided in more than one group, and the discharge end of the top loading plate is arranged above the arrangement machine.

8. A sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting washers, characterized in that: By using the sorting device for automatically arranging and sorting gaskets as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, the gaskets are subjected to step S1 in sequence: the initial sorting of the gaskets is performed by a feeding mechanism; step S2: the gaskets that are blocked and sticky are screened by a height limiting baffle, and the single-layer qualified gaskets pass through the height limiting baffle and enter the selection machine along the conveyor belt; step S3: by controlling the speed of the variable speed conveyor belt, the gaskets on the selection machine are caused to fall in a curve from the discharge end of the variable speed conveyor belt to the direction of the qualified storage box due to inertia; step S4: in the process of the gasket moving from the discharge end of the variable speed conveyor belt to the direction of the qualified storage box, the front and back sides of the gaskets are optically inspected by the front detection component and the back detection component to determine whether they are qualified; step S5: the qualified gaskets fall freely into the qualified storage box, and the optical detection mechanism determines that the gaskets are unqualified, and the optical detection mechanism generates an output signal, and the sorting mechanism is controlled by the control system to block the corresponding gaskets so that they fall into the unqualified storage box.

9. A sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting washers as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: step S1: performing initial sorting of the gaskets through a feeding mechanism, so that the gaskets enter an arrangement machine in rows; step S2: after passing through a height-limiting baffle, the gaskets enter a diversion guide rail for diversion and are automatically arranged in order; step S3: multiple groups of gaskets enter a variable-speed transmission belt along the diversion guide rail; step S4: performing optical inspections on the front and back sides of the gaskets in the track area through a front detection component and a back detection component of a corresponding group, respectively, and determining whether the corresponding gaskets are qualified; step S5: the corresponding optical detection mechanism generates an output signal, controls the operation of the corresponding solenoid valve through a control system, and blows the corresponding gaskets into an unqualified storage box through a jet component.

10. A sorting method for automatically arranging and sorting washers as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The step S2 comprises: step S21: screening the gaskets that prevent sticking through the height limiting baffle, and the qualified single-layer gaskets pass through the height limiting baffle and enter the selection machine along the conveyor belt, and the gaskets that fail to pass through the height limiting baffle pass through the feed area along the limit baffle and enter the return conveyor belt; step S22: sending them back to the conveyor belt along the feed baffle through the return area; step S23: repeating step S21.

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