Axle housing hot forging and forging welding machining method

Abstract

The invention provides a hot forging and forging welding machining method for an axle housing. The axle housing hot forging and forging welding machining method comprises the steps that according to the size requirement of an axle housing blank, finished steel is blanked, a metal blank is obtained, and the metal blank is subjected to heat treatment and heated to the set heating temperature; the heated metal blank is subjected to preliminary forging through a hot forging machine to reach a stamping die matched with punching machine equipment; stamping and forming through a stamping die to form an axle housing blank; the axle housing blank is subjected to thermal aging treatment and rough machining treatment again, and an axle housing rough machining part is formed; and the axle housing rough machining part subjected to rough machining treatment is subjected to heat treatment, pressing treatment and finish machining treatment again, and axle housing product machining is completed. According to the axle housing hot forging and forging welding machining method, the complexity of the machining process is reduced, the machining time is saved, the machining efficiency is improved, raw materials are saved, the overall weight of the axle housing is reduced, and meanwhile the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hot forging and welding processing of a bridge housing, and in particular to a hot forging and welding processing method of a bridge housing. Background Art

[0002] The axle housing of a vehicle is one of the core components of the chassis structure of the vehicle. Its main function is to support and protect the main reducer, differential, half-axle and other components. It is also one of the main components of the driving system. The axle housing and the front axle support the mass of the vehicle and bear the reaction force and reaction torque transmitted by the wheels to ensure the stability and safety of the vehicle during normal driving.

[0003] Most of the existing bridge shell processing technologies use an integrated forging processing technology. For example, the patent number "CN103658502B" and the patent name "Weldless integrated forged bridge shell manufacturing process" discloses an integrated forging processing technology for bridge shells. However, the integrated forging processing technology is a sealed forging, with high mold costs, complex processing steps, and relatively low production efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a bridge housing hot forging and welding processing method to improve the technical problem of relatively low production efficiency in the existing bridge housing forging and pressing integrated processing technology.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object and other related objects, the present invention provides a bridge housing hot forging welding method, the bridge housing hot forging welding method comprising: According to the requirements of the axle housing blank size, cut the finished steel material to obtain the metal blank; The metal blank is heat treated by a heating device and heated to a set heating temperature; The heated metal blank is preliminarily forged by a hot forging machine to a stamping die suitable for a punching machine; The stamping die stamps the preliminarily forged metal blank into a bridge housing blank; The axle housing blank is subjected to heat aging treatment to eliminate the internal stress of the axle housing blank; The axle housing blank is subjected to rough machining to form a rough-machined axle housing part; The axle housing rough-machined part after rough-machined is subjected to heat treatment; The heat-treated axle housing rough-machined part is subjected to overall pressing treatment by a pressing treatment device; The axle housing rough-machined part that has been subjected to the pressing treatment is subjected to the fine machining treatment to complete the axle housing product processing.

[0006] In one embodiment of the bridge housing hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention, the finished steel material is square steel or thick plate.

[0007] In one embodiment of the bridge housing hot forging welding method of the present invention, the heating equipment is an electric furnace, an oil furnace or a natural gas furnace.

[0008] In one embodiment of the hot forging and welding method for a bridge housing of the present invention, after the stamping die stamps the preliminarily forged metal blank to form the bridge housing blank, the method also includes: removing the flash and burrs of the stamped bridge housing blank by a cutting machine.

[0009] In one embodiment of the hot forging and welding processing method for a bridge housing of the present invention, the bridge housing blank is subjected to a heat aging treatment to eliminate the internal stress of the bridge housing blank, including: eliminating the internal stress of the bridge housing blank by a smoldering furnace, and taking the bridge housing blank with the internal stress eliminated out of the furnace after cooling as the furnace temperature; and cleaning the surface of the bridge housing blank out of the furnace with sandblasting equipment.

[0010] In one embodiment of the hot forging and welding method for axle housing of the present invention, the furnace temperature of the axle housing blank is 150°C to 180°C.

[0011] In one embodiment of the axle housing hot forging welding processing method of the present invention, the heat treatment of the axle housing rough-machined part comprises: firstly quenching the axle housing rough-machined part; and then normalizing the axle housing rough-machined part after quenching.

[0012] In one embodiment of the hot forging welding method for axle housing of the present invention, the quenching temperature of the rough-machined axle housing part is 750° C. to 800° C., and the quenching time is 7 to 9 hours.

[0013] In one embodiment of the hot forging welding method for axle housing of the present invention, the normalizing temperature of the rough-machined axle housing part is between 650° C. and 800° C., and the normalizing time is 7 to 9 hours.

[0014] In one embodiment of the bridge housing hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention, the pressing processing equipment adopts one or a combination of a friction press, a gas press, and an oil press.

[0015] The present invention provides a bridge shell hot forging and welding processing method. Compared with the forging and pressing integrated processing technology, it does not need to apply the roll forging machine press forming and extruder press forming process, reduces the cumbersomeness of the processing technology, saves processing time and improves processing efficiency, saves raw materials, reduces the overall weight of the bridge shell and reduces production costs. At the same time, the hot forging and welding processing method improves the bridge shell product, so that the bridge shell product has good vibration pressure resistance, shock damage and toughness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a process flow chart of an embodiment of the hot forging welding method for axle housing of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a comparison table of experimental data on raw materials and time required for the bridge housing hot forging welding processing method of the present invention and the bridge housing processing in the prior art. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is an explanation of the embodiments of the present invention by specific examples, and those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the contents disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and the details in this specification can also be modified or changed in various ways based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. It should also be understood that the terms used in the embodiments of the present invention are intended to describe specific embodiments, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. The test methods for which specific conditions are not indicated in the following examples are usually carried out under conventional conditions or according to the conditions recommended by the manufacturers.

[0019] When numerical ranges are given in the embodiments, it should be understood that unless otherwise specified in the present invention, both endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected. Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention are familiar to those skilled in the art and the description of the present invention, and any method, device and material of the prior art similar or equivalent to the method, device and material in the embodiments of the present invention can also be used to implement the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0021] In order to improve the technical problem of relatively low production efficiency in the existing axle housing forging and pressing integrated processing technology, the present invention provides a hot forging and welding processing method for axle housing. The hot forging and welding processing method for axle housing can reduce the cumbersomeness of the processing technology, save processing time, improve processing efficiency, save raw materials, reduce the overall weight of the axle housing, and reduce production costs. At the same time, the hot forging and welding processing method improves the axle housing product, so that the axle housing product has good performance such as anti-vibration pressure, shock damage and toughness.

[0022] See also Figure 1 to Figure 2 The present invention provides a bridge shell hot forging and welding processing method, the bridge shell hot forging and welding processing method comprises: designing the bridge shell blank size according to the product size, and using cutting equipment, such as a cutting machine, to cut the finished steel material according to the bridge shell blank size requirements to obtain a metal blank that meets the specifications. The cut metal blank is sent to a heating device for lathing, and the heating device heats the metal blank to a set heating temperature, so that the metal blank reaches a suitable plastic state, creating good conditions for the subsequent forging process.

[0023] The heated metal blank is transferred to the hot forging machine. With the strong pressure and precise forging action of the hot forging machine, the metal blank is initially forged, so that its shape and size gradually approach or adapt to the requirements of the stamping die of the punching machine equipment, which is the basis for the subsequent identification of the stamping process. After the metal blank is initially forged in the hot forging machine to a size close to that of the stamping die, the metal blank is placed in the stamping die. Driven by the punching machine equipment, the stamping die accurately stamps the initially forged metal blank. Through the fine design and precise matching of the die, a bridge housing blank that meets the requirements of the design drawings is formed, and its shape, size and structural characteristics are initially revealed.

[0024] In order to ensure the performance stability of the bridge housing blank, the bridge housing blank needs to be subjected to heat aging treatment. Under specific temperature and time conditions, the residual stress inside the blank is fully released and eliminated, thereby effectively reducing the risk of deformation that may occur during subsequent processing and improving the overall quality and reliability of the bridge housing. The bridge housing blank after heat aging treatment is then subjected to rough processing, and the surface and key parts of the bridge housing blank are preliminarily processed to remove excess metal materials so that its dimensional accuracy and surface roughness meet the requirements of the rough processing stage, forming a bridge housing rough processing part, and preparing for the subsequent fine processing process.

[0025] The rough-machined bridge housing parts after rough machining need to be heat-treated again to further improve their mechanical properties and wear resistance. According to the material and performance requirements of the bridge housing, a suitable heat treatment process is selected. The heat treatment method is not limited, such as quenching, normalizing, tempering, etc. By accurately controlling the process parameters such as heating temperature, holding time and cooling speed, the metallographic structure inside the rough-machined bridge housing parts undergoes a beneficial transformation, thereby significantly improving its comprehensive mechanical properties such as hardness, strength and toughness.

[0026] After heat treatment, the rough-machined bridge housing parts are subjected to overall pressure treatment by pressure treatment equipment, and the relevant indicators of the rough-machined bridge housing parts are measured at the pressure treatment to ensure the performance of no air leakage, no water leakage, no oil leakage, etc. The rough-machined bridge housing parts after pressure treatment are fine-machined to complete the processing of the bridge housing products.

[0027] In one embodiment of the hot forging and welding method for a bridge shell of the present invention, the finished steel material is square steel or thick plate. The rectangular cross-section of the square steel or thick plate can better adapt to the shape requirements of the bridge shell, and there is no need for additional processing through a roll forging machine to change its cross-sectional shape like round steel, thereby improving material utilization and processing efficiency.

[0028] In one embodiment of the bridge shell hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention, the heating equipment uses any one of an electric furnace, an oil furnace or a natural gas furnace, as long as it can achieve rapid heating of the metal blank. In this embodiment, the heating equipment uses a natural gas furnace, the heating time is 4 to 5 minutes, and the heating temperature of the metal blank is 980 to 1100°C.

[0029] In one embodiment of the hot forging and welding method for the bridge housing of the present invention, after the stamping die stamps the preliminarily forged metal blank into shape to form the bridge housing blank, the method also includes: removing flash and burrs of the stamped bridge housing blank by a cutting machine. Removing flash and burrs by a cutting machine can make the surface of the bridge housing blank smoother and flatter, reduce the microscopic roughness of the surface, and thus improve the overall surface quality of the part.

[0030] In one embodiment of the bridge housing hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention, the bridge housing blank is subjected to heat aging treatment, and the elimination of the internal stress of the bridge housing blank includes: eliminating the internal stress of the bridge housing blank through a smoldering furnace, and the time for eliminating the internal stress of the bridge housing blank through the smoldering furnace is 5 to 10 minutes. The bridge housing blank with the internal stress eliminated is taken out of the furnace after cooling with the furnace temperature, and the cooling time is about 8 hours. The furnace temperature of the bridge housing blank after cooling is 150℃ to 180℃. After the internal stress of the bridge housing blank is eliminated, the surface of the bridge housing blank taken out of the furnace is cleaned by sandblasting equipment to improve the surface quality. The sandblasting equipment can use a sand remover.

[0031] In one embodiment of the hot forging welding method for axle housing of the present invention, the heat treatment of the rough-machined axle housing part includes: first quenching the rough-machined axle housing part; and then normalizing the rough-machined axle housing part after quenching. The quenching temperature of the rough-machined axle housing part is 750℃~800℃, and the quenching time is 7~9 hours. The normalizing temperature of the rough-machined axle housing part is between 650℃ and 800℃, and the normalizing time is 7~9 hours.

[0032] In one embodiment of the bridge housing hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention, the pressing processing equipment adopts one or a combination of a friction press, a gas press, and an oil press.

[0033] See also Figure 2 In order to compare the effects of the embodiments of the present invention with the prior art, the prior art is first compared and analyzed with the embodiments as follows.

[0034] Taking the bridge shell of a 50 loader as an example, the bridge shell completed by the integrated forging and pressing process has a thickness of 3-5cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 8-10mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell forging process to form a bridge shell blank is 1.5h, and the required raw materials are 375kg; the bridge shell completed by the hot forging and welding process has a thickness of 2.7-4.7cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 7.7-9.7mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell hot forging and stamping to form a bridge shell blank is 5 minutes, and the required raw materials are 310kg.

[0035] Taking the bridge shell of 30 loaders as an example, the bridge shell completed by the integrated forging and pressing process has a thickness of 2.8-4.8cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 7.8-9.8mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell forging process to form a bridge shell blank is 1.3h, and the required raw materials are 265kg; the bridge shell completed by the hot forging and welding process has a thickness of 2.5-4.5cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 7.5-9.5mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell hot forging and stamping to form a bridge shell blank is 5 minutes, and the required raw materials are 250kg.

[0036] Taking the bridge shell of a heavy-duty truck as an example, the bridge shell completed by the integrated forging and pressing process has a thickness of 2.7-4.7cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 7.7-9.7mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell forging process to form a bridge shell blank is 1.2h, and the required raw materials are 260kg; the bridge shell completed by the hot forging and welding process has a thickness of 2.2-4.4cm at the thick part of the bridge shell wall, and a thickness of 7.4-9.4mm at the thin part of the bridge shell wall. The production time required for a single bridge shell hot forging and stamping to form a bridge shell blank is 5 minutes, and the required raw materials are 240kg.

[0037] Compared with the integrated forging and pressing process, the bridge shell hot forging and welding processing method of the present invention does not need to use the roll forging machine rolling forming and extruder pressing forming procedures, which reduces the cumbersomeness of the processing technology, saves processing time and improves processing efficiency, saves raw materials, reduces the overall weight of the bridge shell and reduces production costs. At the same time, the hot forging and welding processing method improves the bridge shell product, so that the bridge shell product has good performance such as anti-vibration pressure, shock damage and toughness. Improve the technical problem of relatively low production efficiency in the existing integrated forging and pressing process of the bridge shell. Therefore, the present invention effectively overcomes some practical problems in the prior art and has high utilization value and use significance.

[0038] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone familiar with the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by a person of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical concept disclosed by the present invention shall still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge housing hot forging welding method, characterized in that: include: According to the requirements of the axle housing blank size, the finished steel material is cut to obtain a metal blank; the metal blank is heat-treated by a heating device and heated to a set heating temperature; The heated metal blank is preliminarily forged by a hot forging machine to a stamping die suitable for a punching machine; the stamping die stamps the preliminarily forged metal blank into a bridge housing blank; the bridge housing blank is subjected to heat aging treatment to eliminate the internal stress of the bridge housing blank; the bridge housing blank is subjected to rough machining to form a bridge housing rough-machined part; the rough-machined bridge housing part after the rough machining is subjected to heat treatment; the rough-machined bridge housing part after the heat treatment is subjected to overall stamping treatment by a stamping treatment equipment; the rough-machined bridge housing part after the stamping treatment is subjected to fine machining to complete the bridge housing product processing.

2. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The finished steel material is square steel or thick plate.

3. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heating device adopts an electric furnace, an oil furnace or a natural gas furnace.

4. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the stamping die is used to stamp the preliminarily forged metal blank to form the bridge housing blank, the method further includes: removing the flash and burrs of the stamped bridge housing blank by a cutting machine.

5. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bridge housing blank is subjected to heat aging treatment to eliminate the internal stress of the bridge housing blank, including: eliminating the internal stress of the bridge housing blank by a smoldering furnace, and taking the bridge housing blank with the internal stress eliminated out of the furnace after cooling as the furnace temperature; and cleaning the surface of the bridge housing blank out of the furnace by sandblasting equipment.

6. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The furnace temperature of the bridge housing blank is 150°C to 180°C.

7. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat treatment of the rough-machined axle housing part comprises: firstly performing a quenching treatment on the rough-machined axle housing part; and performing a normalizing treatment again on the rough-machined axle housing part after the quenching treatment.

8. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The quenching temperature of the bridge housing rough-machined part is 750° C. to 800° C., and the quenching time is 7 to 9 hours.

9. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The normalizing temperature of the rough-machined bridge housing part is between 650° C. and 800° C., and the normalizing time is 7 to 9 hours.

10. The bridge housing hot forging welding method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure treatment equipment adopts one or a combination of a friction press, a gas press, and an oil press.

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