Forging equipment for railway fastener machining

Abstract

The invention relates to forging equipment for railway fastener machining, and belongs to the technical field of machining equipment. Comprising a supporting frame, a forging hammer and limiting parts, the forging hammer is located at the top in the supporting frame, a containing plate corresponding to the forging hammer is arranged in the supporting frame, and the limiting parts are located on the two sides of the containing plate; the limiting part comprises a limiting frame and a limiting assembly, the limiting frame is located on the two sides of the containing plate and is in a [shape, the bottom of the limiting frame is slidably connected with the supporting frame through a driving mechanism, the top of the limiting frame is provided with a first supporting plate corresponding to the limiting assembly, and the first supporting plate is connected with the limiting assembly through a rotating assembly. According to the forging equipment for railway fastener machining, by optimizing the limiting part and the clamping mechanism, the machining stability, flexibility and efficiency are remarkably improved. The equipment can automatically turn over a forging blank, manual intervention is reduced, the clamping stability is enhanced through a memory alloy plate, meanwhile, oxide skin is effectively removed through the design of an air blowing plate, and the product quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to forging equipment for railway fastener processing, belonging to the technical field of mechanical processing equipment. Background Art

[0002] Railway fasteners are parts used to connect rails and sleepers on the track. Their function is to fix the rails on the sleepers, maintain the track gauge and prevent the rails from moving longitudinally and transversely relative to the sleepers. Rail fasteners usually include spikes, various pads, blocks, and elastic or rigid buckling parts. Rail fasteners should be able to maintain a reliable connection between rails and sleepers for a long time and effectively, and give full play to their buffering and shock-absorbing performance under dynamic action to delay the accumulation of residual deformation of the track. Therefore, they are required to have sufficient strength, durability and certain elasticity.

[0003] In the processing of railway fasteners, forging is an important step. Forging is to make the metal blank plastically deformed by hammering or pressure to obtain fastener products of the required shape and size.

[0004] During the forging process, the metal billet needs to be firmly clamped and limited to prevent it from moving or deforming during forging. However, existing forging equipment cannot provide sufficient clamping force and limiting stability when processing railway fasteners, especially when processing railway fasteners with complex shapes or large sizes. Manual intervention is required when flipping the forged billet, which increases the processing cycle and cost. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a forging device for processing railway fasteners, so as to solve the problems of unstable clamping and limiting and low processing efficiency in the prior art.

[0006] The present invention provides a forging device for processing railway fasteners, which comprises a support frame, a forging hammer, and a limiting part, wherein the forging hammer is located at the top of the support frame, a placement plate corresponding to the forging hammer is provided in the support frame, and the limiting parts are located at both sides of the placement plate;

[0007] The limiting part includes a limiting frame and a limiting assembly. The limiting frame is located on both sides of the placement plate in a shape of a U. The bottom of the limiting frame is slidably connected to the support frame through a driving mechanism. The top of the limiting frame is provided with a first supporting plate corresponding to the limiting assembly. The first supporting plate and the limiting assembly are connected through a rotating assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the limiting assembly comprises a second support plate and a limiting plate, wherein the limiting plates are located on both sides of the second support plate, one end of the limiting plate is hinged to the second support plate, and the other end thereof is connected to the second support plate via a first spring.

[0009] Preferably, the limiting frame includes a first limiting rod and a second limiting rod, the first limiting rod is in a U-shape, the second limiting rod is located at the top of the first limiting rod, and the second limiting rod is fixedly connected to the first support plate.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism comprises a rack and a first gear meshing with the rack, and the rack is located at both ends of the first gear and is fixedly connected to the first limiting rod.

[0011] Preferably, the rotating assembly includes a second gear and a third gear meshing with the second gear. The first support plate and the second support plate are connected by a rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is rotationally connected to the first support plate and fixedly connected to the second gear and the second support plate.

[0012] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder corresponding to a forging hammer is provided on the top of the support frame, the forging hammer is located on the top of the support frame, the hydraulic cylinder passes through the top of the support frame and is connected to the forging hammer, and a lifting assembly is provided at the bottom of the placement plate.

[0013] Preferably, an air box is provided at the bottom of the support frame, a slidingly connected pressure plate is provided in the air box, the pressure plate and the forging hammer are connected by a connecting column, a blowing plate is provided on the limit frame, and the blowing plate and the air box are connected by an air pipe assembly.

[0014] Preferably, a first cavity is provided in the air blowing plate, the air pipe assembly is connected to the first cavity, a plurality of first air blowing holes connected to the first cavity are provided on the air blowing plate, and an exhaust pipe is provided on the air pipe assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the blowing plate is located on the first limiting rod, a second spring is provided between the second limiting rod and the first limiting rod, and the second limiting rod is slidably connected to the first limiting rod via the second spring.

[0016] Preferably, a memory alloy plate is provided on the limiting plate, the memory alloy plate and the limiting plate are connected via an airbag assembly, a second cavity is provided inside the memory alloy plate, the second cavity and the air pipe assembly are connected via a first air pipe, and a heat dissipation hole is provided on the top of the second cavity.

[0017] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0018] The present invention provides a forging device for processing railway fasteners, which can flexibly limit, clamp and flip the forging blank through the limiting frame, limiting assembly, driving mechanism and rotating assembly of the limiting part, so as to ensure that the forging blank maintains a stable position and posture during the processing; the limiting plate in the limiting assembly is connected to the second supporting plate through the first spring, which not only ensures the clamping force but also realizes the buffering effect, and avoids the damage of the forging blank due to excessive clamping force; through the meshing transmission of the second gear and the third gear, and the connection of the rotating shaft, the second supporting plate can drive the limiting plate and the forging blank to flip together, so as to meet the requirements for different angles during the processing; through the memory alloy plate and the airbag assembly, the stability and reliability of clamping are further improved, and the processing interruption and rework caused by unstable clamping are reduced; the linkage between the blowing plate and the air box realizes the function of synchronously removing oxide scale during the forging process, and avoids the cumbersomeness and inefficiency of additionally setting up a cleaning process in the traditional method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a forging device for processing railway fasteners.

[0020] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a forging device for processing railway fasteners.

[0021] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the forging blank structure of a forging device for processing railway fasteners.

[0022] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of an air pipe assembly of a forging device for railway fastener processing.

[0023] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the limit frame structure of a forging device for railway fastener processing.

[0024] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of a limit frame of a forging device for railway fastener processing.

[0025] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a rotating assembly of a forging device for railway fastener processing.

[0026] Figure 8 The present invention is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a forging device for processing railway fasteners.

[0027] In the figure: 1, support frame, 11, hydraulic cylinder, 12, placement plate, 13, air box, 131, pressure plate, 14, air pipe assembly, 141, exhaust pipe, 142, first air pipe, 2, forging hammer, 21, connecting column, 3, limiting part, 31, limiting frame, 311, first support plate, 312, first limiting rod, 313, second limiting rod, 314, second spring, 32, limiting assembly, 321, second support plate, 322, limiting plate, 323, first spring, 33, driving mechanism, 331, rack, 332, first gear, 34, rotating assembly, 341, second gear, 342, third gear, 343, rotating shaft, 35, blowing plate, 351, first blowing hole, 36, memory alloy plate, 4, forging blank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] The present invention provides a forging device for processing railway fasteners, which includes a support frame 1, a forging hammer 2, and a limiting part 3. A hydraulic cylinder 11 corresponding to the forging hammer 2 is provided on the top of the support frame 1. The forging hammer 2 is located at the top of the support frame 1. The hydraulic cylinder 11 penetrates the top of the support frame 1 and is connected to the forging hammer 2. The forging hammer 2 moves up and down in the support frame 1 through the hydraulic cylinder 11. A placement plate 12 corresponding to the forging hammer 2 is provided inside the support frame 1. A forging blank 4 is placed on the placement plate 12. The limiting parts 3 are located on both sides of the placement plate 12 to limit and fix the forging blank 4. A lifting assembly is provided at the bottom of the placement plate 12.

[0031] The limiting part 3 includes a limiting frame 31 and a limiting assembly 32. The limiting frame 31 is located on both sides of the placement plate 12 in a shape of a "ㄈ". The bottom of the limiting frame 31 is slidably connected to the support frame 1 through a driving mechanism 33. The top of the limiting frame 31 is provided with a first supporting plate 311 corresponding to the limiting assembly 32. The first supporting plate 311 and the limiting assembly 32 are connected through a rotating assembly 34.

[0032] The limiting assembly 32 includes a second support plate 321 and a limiting plate 322. The limiting plates 322 are located on both sides of the second support plate 321. One end of the limiting plate 322 is hinged to the second support plate 321, and the other end is connected to the second support plate 321 via a first spring 323. The limiting plates 322 limit and fix the forging blank 4.

[0033] The limiting frame 31 includes a first limiting rod 312 and a second limiting rod 313. The first limiting rod 312 is in a shape of a U, and the second limiting rod 313 is located at the top of the first limiting rod 312. The second limiting rod 313 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 311.

[0034] The driving mechanism 33 includes a rack 331 and a first gear 332. The rack 331 and the first gear 332 are meshed with each other. The rack 331 is located at both ends of the first gear 332 and is fixedly connected to the first limiting rod 312. The first limiting rod 312 is driven by a motor.

[0035] The rotating assembly 34 includes a second gear 341 and a third gear 342 meshing with the second gear 341. The first support plate 311 and the second support plate 321 are connected by a rotating shaft 343. The rotating shaft 343 passes through the second gear 341 and the first support plate 311 and is rotatably connected thereto. The rotating shaft 343 is fixedly connected to the second gear 341 and the second support plate 321. The third gear 342 is driven to rotate by a motor.

[0036] When in use, the forging blank 4 is placed on the forging blank 4, and the first gear 332 is driven to rotate by the motor, and the first gear 332 is meshed with the rack 331, and the first limiting rods 312 on both sides are driven to slide through the rack 331, and the first limiting rod 312 drives the second limiting rod 313 to slide, so that the forging blank 4 is clamped and limited by the limiting plate 322, and the first spring 323 is subjected to force during the contact between the limiting plate 322 and the outer surface of the forging blank 4, so as to ensure clamping and buffer at the same time, when the forging blank 4 needs to be flipped, the motor drives the third gear 342 to rotate, and the third gear 342 is meshed with the second gear 341, and the second gear 341 drives the rotating shaft 343 to rotate, thereby synchronously driving the second supporting plate 321 to rotate, so as to realize the flipping of the forging blank 4, and during the flipping process, the placing plate 12 moves downward through the lifting assembly, and when the flipping is completed, the placing plate 12 is reset by the lifting assembly.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, precise processing of the forging blank 4 is achieved through the support frame 1, the forging hammer 2, and the limiting part 3. The limiting part 3 includes a limiting frame 31, a limiting assembly 32, a driving mechanism 33 and a rotating assembly 34, so that the equipment can flexibly limit, clamp and flip the forging blank 4, greatly improving the processing flexibility and accuracy, ensuring that the forging blank 4 maintains a stable position and posture during the processing, thereby significantly improving the processing accuracy and consistency. The limiting frame 31 is designed in a ㄈ shape, and cooperates with the driving mechanism 33 on both sides of the placement plate 12 to achieve stable limiting of the forging blank 4. The limit plate 322 in the limit assembly 32 is connected to the second support plate 321 through the first spring 323, which not only ensures the clamping force but also achieves the buffering effect, avoiding damage to the forging blank due to excessive clamping force. Through the meshing transmission of the second gear 341 and the third gear 342, and the connecting action of the rotating shaft 343, the second support plate 321 can drive the limit plate 322 and the forging blank 4 to flip together, meeting the requirements for different angles during the processing. The lifting assembly at the bottom of the placement plate 12 enables the placement plate 12 to move downward when flipping the forging blank 4 to avoid interference with the forging hammer 2 or other components, which can reduce the auxiliary time and adjustment time during the processing, thereby improving the overall processing efficiency.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] In the above embodiment, after the forging blank 4 is struck by the forging hammer 2, a layer of oxide scale often forms on the surface. The oxide scale not only affects the appearance quality of the product, but also affects the subsequent processing and assembly. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application optimizes the limit frame 31 based on the above embodiment.

[0040] In this embodiment, an air box 13 is provided at the bottom of the support frame 1, and a slidingly connected pressing plate 131 is provided in the air box 13. The pressing plate 131 is connected to the forging hammer 2 by a connecting column 21. A blowing plate 35 is provided on the limiting frame 31. The blowing plate 35 is connected to the air box 13 by an air pipe assembly 14. The upper and lower ends of the air box 13 are provided with air outlets corresponding to the air pipe assembly 14. A control valve is provided in the air outlet. The air box 13 is also provided with an air inlet corresponding to the air outlet.

[0041] The air pipe assembly 14 and the blowing plate 35 are close to one end of the limiting frame 31, a first cavity is provided inside the blowing plate 35, the air pipe assembly 14 is connected to the first cavity, a plurality of first blowing holes 351 connected to the first cavity are provided at one end of the blowing plate 35 close to the forging blank 4, an exhaust pipe 141 is provided on the air pipe assembly 14, and a control valve is provided on the exhaust pipe 141;

[0042] The blowing plate 35 is located at one end of the first limiting rod 312 close to the second limiting rod 313 . A second spring 314 is provided between the second limiting rod 313 and the first limiting rod 312 . The second limiting rod 313 is slidably connected to the first limiting rod 312 via the second spring 314 .

[0043] When in use, the forging hammer 2 moves up and down through the hydraulic cylinder 11 to forge the forging blank 4. During the up and down movement of the forging hammer 2, the pressing plate 131 is driven by the connecting column 21 to move up and down synchronously in the air box 13. The pressing plate 131 squeezes the air in the air box 13. The squeezed air flows to the first cavity in the blowing plate 35 through the air pipe assembly 14, and then is discharged through the first blowing hole 351 to blow off the oxide scale generated by forging on the forging blank 4. When blowing is not needed, the exhaust pipe 141 starts to work to blow the air box 13. 3, the internal air is discharged, and when in use, the limiting frame 31 is driven to move by the driving mechanism 33. When the limiting assembly 32 has clamped the forging blank 4, the first gear 332 continues to rotate to drive the limiting frame 31 to move, and the first limiting rod 312 continues to drive the blowing plate 35 to move toward the forging blank 4. At this time, the second spring 314 begins to be stressed, and the position of the blowing plate 35 is adjusted while ensuring that the limiting plate 322 clamps the forging blank 4, so as to adjust the force of the airflow blown out of the first blowing hole 351 on the forging blank 4.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, a blow plate 35 is added to the limit frame 31, and connected to the air box 13 through the air pipe assembly 14. When the forging hammer 2 moves up and down, it will drive the pressure plate 131 to move synchronously in the air box 13, thereby squeezing the air in the air box. This part of the squeezed air enters the first cavity of the blow plate 35 through the air pipe assembly 14, and is finally blown out through the first blow hole 351, directly acting on the surface of the forging blank 4, effectively removing the oxide scale generated by forging, and realizing the function of synchronously removing the oxide scale during the forging process, avoiding the cumbersomeness and inefficiency of setting up additional cleaning procedures in the traditional method, improving the appearance quality of the product, and also providing convenience for subsequent processing and assembly, reducing potential problems caused by oxide scale. After the limit assembly 32 clamps the forging blank 4, the first gear 332 continues to rotate to drive the limit frame 31 and the blow plate 35 to move toward the forging blank 4. At this time, the second spring 314 begins to be subjected to force, which not only ensures the clamping force of the limit plate 322 on the forging blank 4, but also allows the blow plate 35 to be fine-tuned as needed, thereby adjusting the force of the airflow blown out of the first blowing hole 351 on the forging blank 4, providing higher processing flexibility and precision, and being able to meet the processing requirements of different products.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] In the above embodiment, the limit plate 322 directly clamps the forging blank 4, but due to the high temperature and oxide scale on the surface of the forging blank 4, the clamping force may be unstable, thereby affecting the forging accuracy and product quality. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application optimizes the limit plate 322 based on the above embodiment.

[0047] In this embodiment, a memory alloy plate 36 is provided on the limit plate 322, and the memory alloy plate 36 and the limit plate 322 are connected by an airbag assembly. A second cavity is provided inside the memory alloy plate 36, and the second cavity is connected to the air pipe assembly 14 by a first air pipe 142. The first air pipe 142 is located at one side of the second cavity, a control valve is provided on the first air pipe 142, and a heat dissipation hole is provided on the top of the second cavity.

[0048] The memory alloy plate 36 is a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy.

[0049] During use, the memory alloy plate 36 contacts the surface of the forging blank 4 during the process of clamping the forging blank 4 through the limiting plate 322. Since the surface of the forging blank 4 has a high temperature, the memory alloy plate 36 deforms and fits the surface of the forging blank 4 to ensure stability during the clamping process. The airbag assembly begins to inflate to further squeeze the memory alloy plate 36, thereby enhancing the clamping force and ensuring the stability and reliability of the memory alloy plate 36. When the forging is completed, the forging hammer 2 moves upward from the surface of the forging blank 4, and the memory alloy plate 36 begins to separate from the surface of the forging blank 4. When the hammer 2 moves upward, the air box 13 starts to exhaust air into the second cavity through the air pipe assembly 14 and the first air pipe 142. The air enters the second cavity through the first air pipe 142 and is discharged from the heat dissipation holes on the top. Since the air inlet and the heat dissipation holes of the first air pipe 142 are not on the same side of the second cavity, the air needs to circulate in the second cavity. The air can cool down the memory alloy plate 36 in the process of being discharged through the heat dissipation holes, thereby accelerating the recovery of the memory alloy plate 36 for subsequent forging, thereby improving the forging efficiency.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, a memory alloy plate 36 is added to the limit plate 322. The memory alloy plate 36 is made of a nickel-titanium-based shape memory alloy and has a shape memory effect. During the clamping process, the memory alloy plate 36 contacts the surface of the forging blank 4, and deforms due to the high temperature, closely fits the surface of the forging blank 4, and can return to its original shape after cooling, thereby ensuring stability during the clamping process. In addition, the inflation of the airbag assembly further squeezes the memory alloy plate 36, enhances the clamping force, and makes the forging process more stable and reliable. Since the memory alloy plate 36 has a shape memory effect and elasticity, it can adapt to the unevenness of the surface of the forging blank 4 and the presence of oxide scale while maintaining the clamping force. The memory alloy plate 36 can closely fit the surface of the forging blank 4 including the oxide scale part, thereby ensuring the uniformity and effectiveness of the clamping. When the forging is completed, the forging hammer 2 moves upward, and the air box 13 exhausts air into the second cavity through the air pipe assembly 14 and the first air pipe 142. The air circulates in the second cavity and is discharged through the heat dissipation holes on the top, which not only accelerates the cooling process of the memory alloy plate 36, but also takes away the heat through the air flow, further accelerating the recovery speed of the memory alloy plate 36.

[0051] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and do not deviate from the purpose of the invention, they can creatively design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution, which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A forging device for railway fastener processing, comprising a support frame (1), a forging hammer (2), and a limiter (3), wherein the forging hammer (2) is located at the top of the support frame (1), and is characterized in that: A placement plate (12) corresponding to the forging hammer (2) is provided in the support frame (1), and the limiting parts (3) are located on both sides of the placement plate (12); The limiting part (3) comprises a limiting frame (31) and a limiting assembly (32); the limiting frame (31) is located on both sides of the placement plate (12) in a shape of a U; the bottom of the limiting frame (31) is slidably connected to the support frame (1) via a driving mechanism (33); the top of the limiting frame (31) is provided with a first supporting plate (311) corresponding to the limiting assembly (32); the first supporting plate (311) and the limiting assembly (32) are connected via a rotating assembly (34).

2. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (32) comprises a second support plate (321) and a limiting plate (322), wherein the limiting plates (322) are located on both sides of the second support plate (321), one end of the limiting plate (322) is hinged to the second support plate (321), and the other end thereof is connected to the second support plate (321) via a first spring (323).

3. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting frame (31) comprises a first limiting rod (312) and a second limiting rod (313); the first limiting rod (312) is in a U shape; the second limiting rod (313) is located at the top of the first limiting rod (312); and the second limiting rod (313) is fixedly connected to the first support plate (311).

4. The forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (33) comprises a rack (331) and a first gear (332) meshing with the rack (331); the rack (331) is located at both ends of the first gear (332) and is fixedly connected to the first limiting rod (312).

5. The forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (34) comprises a second gear (341) and a third gear (342) meshing with the second gear (341); the first support plate (311) and the second support plate (321) are connected via a rotating shaft (343); the rotating shaft (343) is rotatably connected to the first support plate (311) and fixedly connected to the second gear (341) and the second support plate (321).

6. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (11) corresponding to the forging hammer (2) is provided at the top of the support frame (1); the forging hammer (2) is located at the top of the support frame (1); the hydraulic cylinder (11) passes through the top of the support frame (1) and is connected to the forging hammer (2); and a lifting assembly is provided at the bottom of the placement plate (12).

7. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air box (13) is provided at the bottom of the support frame (1), a slidingly connected pressing plate (131) is provided in the air box (13), the pressing plate (131) is connected to the forging hammer (2) via a connecting column (21), an air blowing plate (35) is provided on the limiting frame (31), and the air blowing plate (35) is connected to the air box (13) via an air pipe assembly (14).

8. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blowing plate (35) is provided with a first cavity, the air pipe assembly (14) is connected to the first cavity, the blowing plate (35) is provided with a plurality of first blowing holes (351) connected to the first cavity, and the air pipe assembly (14) is provided with an exhaust pipe (141).

9. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 7, characterized in that: The blowing plate (35) is located on the first limiting rod (312), a second spring (314) is provided between the second limiting rod (313) and the first limiting rod (312), and the second limiting rod (313) is slidably connected to the first limiting rod (312) via the second spring (314).

10. A forging equipment for railway fastener processing according to claim 2, characterized in that: A memory alloy plate (36) is provided on the limit plate (322); the memory alloy plate (36) and the limit plate (322) are connected via an airbag assembly; a second cavity is provided inside the memory alloy plate (36); the second cavity is connected to the air pipe assembly (14) via a first air pipe (142); and a heat dissipation hole is provided on the top of the second cavity.

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