Manhole entering and exiting auxiliary device and manhole entering and exiting method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ship engineering, in particular to a manhole entering and exiting auxiliary device and a manhole entering and exiting method. The crawling ladder is arranged below the manhole, the crawling ladder is provided with a first supporting column and a second supporting column which are arranged in parallel at an interval, and the lower ends of the first supporting column and the second supporting column are arranged on the bottom deck; one end of the first connecting piece is hinged to the upper end of the first supporting column, and the other end of the first connecting piece is connected to the top deck and located on one side of the manhole. The upper end of the second supporting column is detachably connected to the top deck and located on the other side of the manhole. The second supporting column is detached from the top cabin plate, the crawling ladder can be rotated to one side of the manhole, and the crawling ladder is prevented from influencing passing of equipment or personnel below the manhole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of ship engineering, and in particular to a manhole access auxiliary device and a manhole access method. Background Art

[0002] The manholes on the ship deck are mainly used as maintenance passages between the cabin and the decks. When maintenance personnel conduct maintenance, they need to enter the manhole through auxiliary devices such as ladders. After entering the manhole, the ladder needs to be left in place for the maintenance personnel to return after the maintenance is completed. Due to structural limitations, some ladders are installed on the passageway of the cabin. The passageway in the cabin is often narrow. The ladder is left on the passageway for a long time, occupying the space under the manhole, which is not conducive to the smooth passage of personnel or equipment in the cabin. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the existing manhole access auxiliary device needs to occupy the space below the manhole when in use, which is not conducive to the smooth passage of personnel or equipment in the cabin.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a manhole access assistance device for assisting personnel to enter and exit the manhole, wherein the manhole is arranged on the top deck, and the manhole access assistance device comprises a ladder and a first connecting member; the ladder is arranged below the manhole, and the ladder has a first supporting column and a second supporting column arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the lower ends of the first supporting column and the second supporting column are both located on the bottom deck;

[0005] One end of the first connecting member is hinged to the upper end of the first supporting column, and the other end of the first connecting member is connected to the top deck and is located at one side of the manhole;

[0006] The upper end of the second support column is detachably connected to the top deck and is located on the other side of the manhole;

[0007] The second supporting column is detached from the top deck, and the ladder can be rotated to one side of the manhole.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the manhole entry and exit auxiliary device also includes a second connecting member, one end of which is hinged to the lower end of the first support column, and the hinge axis of the second connecting member is coaxial with the hinge axis of the first connecting member; the other end of the second connecting member is connected to the bottom cabin plate.

[0009] As a preferred solution, the manhole access auxiliary device further includes a third connecting member, a fourth connecting member and a first fastener;

[0010] The first end of the third connecting member is fixed to the upper end of the second supporting column, the first end of the fourth connecting member is connected to the top cabin plate, and the first fastener fastens the second end of the third connecting member and the second end of the fourth connecting member.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, one of the second ends of the three connecting members and the second end of the fourth connecting member has a first threaded hole, and the other one has a first rectangular hole, the length direction of the first rectangular hole is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second support column, and the threaded end of the first fastener passes through the first rectangular hole and is threadedly assembled in the first threaded hole.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the manhole entry and exit auxiliary device also includes a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the non-threaded end of the first fastener, and the other end of the connecting rope is connected to the third connecting member or the upper end of the second support column.

[0013] As a preferred solution, the first fastener is a butterfly bolt.

[0014] As a preferred solution, the manhole access auxiliary device further includes a fifth connecting piece, a sixth connecting piece and a second fastener;

[0015] The first end of the fifth connecting member is fixed to the lower end of the second supporting column, the first end of the sixth connecting member is connected to the bottom cabin plate, and the second fastener fastens the second end of the fifth connecting member and the second end of the sixth connecting member.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment, one of the second ends of the fifth connecting member and the second end of the sixth connecting member has a second threaded hole, and the other one has a second rectangular hole, the length direction of the second rectangular hole is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second support column, and the second fastener passes through the second rectangular hole and is threadedly assembled in the second threaded hole.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the second fastener is a butterfly bolt.

[0018] A method for entering and exiting a manhole, wherein the above-mentioned manhole entry and exit auxiliary device is arranged below the manhole, and the method for entering and exiting the manhole comprises the following steps:

[0019] When a first person located on the bottom deck needs to enter the upper space above the manhole through the manhole, the first person passes through the manhole through a ladder to enter the upper space above the manhole;

[0020] When a second person or equipment located on the cabin floor needs to pass under the manhole, the upper end of the second support column is detached from the top cabin board, and the ladder is rotated to one side of the manhole;

[0021] When the first person needs to return to the bottom deck, the first person passes his arm through the manhole, rotates the ladder to the bottom of the manhole, and connects the upper end of the second support column to the top deck; the first person passes through the manhole and returns to the bottom deck via the ladder.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0023] The auxiliary device for entering and exiting a manhole of the present invention comprises a ladder and a first connecting member; the ladder is arranged below the manhole, and the ladder has a first supporting column and a second supporting column arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the lower ends of the first supporting column and the second supporting column are both arranged on the bottom deck; one end of the first connecting member is hinged to the upper end of the first supporting column, and the other end of the first connecting member is connected to the top deck and is located on one side of the manhole; the upper end of the second supporting column is detachably connected to the top deck and is located on the other side of the manhole; the second supporting column is detached from the top deck, and the ladder can be rotated to one side of the manhole to prevent the ladder from affecting the passage of equipment or personnel below the manhole. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the manhole access assistance device of the present invention when the ladder is located below the manhole;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point D in the middle;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the manhole access assistance device of the present invention when the ladder is turned to one side of the manhole;

[0028] In the figure, 100, top cabin plate, 101, manhole, 200, bottom cabin plate, 1, ladder, 11, first support column, 12, second support column, 13, pedal, 21, first connecting piece, 22, second connecting piece, 23, third connecting piece, 231, first rectangular hole, 24, fourth connecting piece, 241, first threaded hole, 25, fifth connecting piece, 251, second rectangular hole, 26, sixth connecting piece, 261, second threaded hole, 31, first fastener, 32, second fastener, 41, first connecting rope, 42, second connecting rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. are used in the present invention to describe various information, but such information should not be limited to these terms, which are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the "first" information may also be referred to as the "second" information, and similarly, the "second" information may also be referred to as the "first" information.

[0031] The manhole access assisting device of the present invention is used to assist personnel in entering and exiting the manhole 101. The manhole 101 is arranged on the top deck 100. Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a preferred embodiment of the manhole entry and exit auxiliary device of the present invention includes a ladder 1 and a first connecting member 21; the ladder 1 is arranged below the manhole 101, and the ladder 1 has a first support column 11 and a second support column 12 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and a plurality of pedals 13 are fixed in sequence from top to bottom between the first support column 11 and the second support column 12, and the lower ends of the first support column 11 and the second support column 12 are both arranged on the bottom cabin plate 200; one end of the first connecting member 21 is hinged to the upper end of the first support column 11, and the other end of the first connecting member 21 is connected to the top cabin plate 100 and is located on one side of the manhole 101; the upper end of the second support column 12 is detachably connected to the top cabin plate 100 and is located on the other side of the manhole 101; after the second support column 12 is detached from the top cabin plate 100, the ladder 1 can be rotated to one side of the manhole 101. When the first person located on the bottom deck 200 needs to enter the upper space above the manhole 101 through the manhole 101, the first person can enter the upper space above the manhole 101 by passing through the manhole 101 through the ladder 1; when the second person or equipment located on the bottom deck 200 needs to pass from under the manhole 101, the upper end of the second support column 12 is detached from the top deck 100, and the ladder 1 is rotated to one side of the manhole 101; thereby avoiding the ladder 1 from obstructing the passage space below the manhole 101. When the first person needs to return to the bottom deck 200, the first person's arm passes through the manhole 101, rotates the ladder 1 to the bottom of the manhole 101, and connects the upper end of the second support column 12 to the top deck 100; the first person passes through the manhole 101 and goes down to the bottom deck 200 through the ladder 1. The first person who enters the upper space does not need to seek help from the personnel on the bottom deck 200, and can reset the ladder 1 to the bottom of the manhole 101 by himself. A single person can complete entering and exiting the manhole 101, which is easy to use and saves manpower.

[0032] The ship is bumpy during navigation. In order to ensure the stability of the ladder 1, in this embodiment, the manhole access auxiliary device also includes a second connecting member 22, one end of which is hinged to the lower end of the first support column 11, and the hinge axis of the second connecting member 22 is coaxial with the hinge axis of the first connecting member 21; the other end of the second connecting member 22 is connected to the bottom cabin 200. Specifically, the ladder 1 is fixed at three points to ensure that the ladder 1 can remain stable on the hull. In this embodiment, the second connecting member 22 and the first support column 11, and the first connecting member 21 and the first support column 11 are connected by oil-filled hinges.

[0033] Among them, the manhole entry and exit auxiliary device also includes a third connecting member 23, a fourth connecting member 24 and a first fastener 31; the first end of the third connecting member 23 is fixed to the upper end of the second support column 12, the first end of the fourth connecting member 24 is connected to the top cabin plate 100, and the first fastener 31 is fastened to connect the second end of the third connecting member 23 and the second end of the fourth connecting member 24. Specifically, the third connecting member 23 is a first L-shaped plate, which has a first connecting arm perpendicular to the second support column 12 and a second connecting arm parallel to the second support column 12, the first connecting arm is welded to the upper end of the second support column 12, and the first connecting arm is welded to the side of the second support column 12 facing away from the first support column 11; the fourth connecting member 24 is a vertically arranged straight plate, the upper end of the fourth connecting member 24 is welded to the lower end of the upper cabin plate, the lower end of the fourth connecting member 24 is fitted with the second connecting arm, the first fastener 31 is passed through the lower end of the fourth connecting member 24 and the second connecting arm, and by installing the first fastener 31, the fourth connecting member 24 and the second connecting arm can be fixed or separated, which is convenient for operation.

[0034] Further, one of the second end of the third connecting member 23 and the second end of the fourth connecting member 24 has a first threaded hole 241, and the other has a first rectangular hole 231, the length direction of the first rectangular hole 231 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second support column 12, and the threaded end of the first fastener 31 passes through the first rectangular hole 231 and is threadedly assembled in the first threaded hole 241. The provision of the first rectangular hole 231 can reduce the position accuracy requirements of the manhole access auxiliary device of the present invention on the first threaded hole 241, and reduce the processing cost of the manhole access auxiliary device of the present invention. Specifically, in this embodiment, the first rectangular hole 231 is provided in the second connecting arm, and the first threaded hole 241 is provided in the fourth connecting member 24.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first fastener 31 is a butterfly bolt, which is easy to hold and can be disassembled and assembled without the aid of tools, making it easy to disassemble and assemble the first fastener 31. Moreover, the butterfly bolt is a standard part, which reduces the processing cost of the manhole access auxiliary device of this embodiment.

[0036] In this embodiment, the manhole access assistance device further includes a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the non-threaded end of the first fastener 31, and the other end of which is connected to the third connecting member 23 or the upper end of the second support column 12. Specifically, after the second person located on the cabin floor detaches the first fastener 31 from the fourth connecting member 24 and the fourth connecting member 24, the connecting rope is connected to the upper end of the second support column 12. When the first person in the upper space needs to reset the ladder 1, the first fastener 31 can be obtained by pulling the pulling rope, thereby avoiding the inconvenience caused by the loss of the first fastener 31.

[0037] In order to further improve the stability of the ladder 1 on the bottom deck 200 and the top deck 100, in this embodiment, the manhole access auxiliary device further includes a fifth connector 25, a sixth connector 26 and a second fastener 32; the first end of the fifth connector 25 is fixed to the lower end of the second support column 12, the first end of the sixth connector 26 is connected to the bottom deck 200, and the second fastener 32 is fastened to connect the second end of the fifth connector 25 and the second end of the sixth connector 26. After the first person enters the upper space through the ladder 1, if the second person on the bottom deck 200 needs to pass under the manhole 101, the second person can remove the first fastener 31 and the second fastener 32, and then rotate the ladder 1. When the first person in the upper space needs to return to the bottom deck 200, it is only necessary to use the first fastener 31 to connect the third connector 23 and the fourth connector 24, so that the ladder 1 can be connected to the bottom deck 200 and the top deck 100 through three-point fixation, ensuring that the first person can smoothly return to the bottom deck 200.

[0038] In this embodiment, one of the second ends of the fifth connecting member and the second end of the sixth connecting member 26 has a second threaded hole 261, and the other has a second rectangular hole 251, the length direction of the second rectangular hole 251 is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second support column 12, and the second fastener 32 passes through the second rectangular hole 251 and is threadedly assembled in the second threaded hole 261. The second fastener 32 is a butterfly bolt. In this embodiment, the second rectangular hole 251 is provided on the fifth connecting member 25, and the second threaded hole 261 is provided on the sixth connecting member 26; the second fastener 32 is connected to the second connecting rope 42, and the other end of the second connecting rope 42 is connected to the lower end of the fifth connecting member 25 or the second support column 12.

[0039] An embodiment of a method for entering and exiting a manhole, wherein the above-mentioned manhole entry and exit auxiliary device is arranged below the manhole 101, and the method for entering and exiting the manhole 101 comprises the following steps:

[0040] When the first person located on the bottom deck 200 needs to enter the upper space above the manhole 101 through the manhole 101, the first person passes through the manhole 101 through the ladder 1 and enters the upper space above the manhole 101;

[0041] When the second person or equipment located on the bottom deck 200 needs to pass under the manhole 101, the upper end of the second support column 12 is detached from the top deck 100, and the ladder 1 is rotated to the side of the manhole 101;

[0042] When the first person needs to return to the bottom deck 200, the first person passes his arm through the manhole 101, rotates the ladder 1 to the bottom of the manhole 101, and connects the upper end of the second support column 12 to the top deck 100; the first person passes through the manhole 101 and goes down to the bottom deck 200 via the ladder 1.

[0043] When the first person connects the upper end of the second support column 12 and the top cabin plate 100 , the first fastener 31 is obtained through the first pulling rope, and then the third connecting member 23 and the fourth connecting member 24 are fastened and connected using the first fastener 31 .

[0044] In summary, the manhole entry and exit auxiliary device of the present invention includes a ladder 1 and a first connecting member 21; the ladder 1 is arranged below the manhole 101, and the ladder 1 has a first support column 11 and a second support column 12 arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the lower ends of the first support column 11 and the second support column 12 are both arranged on the bottom cabin plate 200; one end of the first connecting member 21 is hinged to the upper end of the first support column 11, and the other end of the first connecting member 21 is connected to the top cabin plate 100 and is located on one side of the manhole 101; the upper end of the second support column 12 is detachably connected to the top cabin plate 100 and is located on the other side of the manhole 101; the second support column 12 is detached from the top cabin plate 100, and the ladder 1 can be rotated to one side of the manhole 101 to prevent the ladder 1 from affecting the passage of equipment or personnel below the manhole 101.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and substitutions should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A manhole access assistance device, used to assist personnel in entering and exiting a manhole (101), wherein the manhole (101) is arranged on a top deck (100), characterized in that: The manhole access assistance device comprises a ladder (1) and a first connecting member (21); the ladder (1) is arranged below the manhole (101), and the ladder (1) has a first support column (11) and a second support column (12) arranged in parallel and spaced apart, and the lower ends of the first support column (11) and the second support column (12) are both located on the bottom deck (200); One end of the first connecting member (21) is hinged to the upper end of the first supporting column (11), and the other end of the first connecting member (21) is connected to the top deck (100) and is located on one side of the manhole (101); The upper end of the second support column (12) is detachably connected to the top deck (100) and is located on the other side of the manhole (101); By removing the second support column (12) from the top deck (100), the ladder (1) can be rotated to one side of the manhole (101).

2. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole entry and exit auxiliary device also includes a second connecting member (22), one end of the second connecting member (22) is hinged to the lower end of the first support column (11), and the hinge axis of the second connecting member (22) is coaxial with the hinge axis of the first connecting member (21); the other end of the second connecting member (22) is connected to the bottom cabin plate (200).

3. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole access auxiliary device further comprises a third connecting piece (23), a fourth connecting piece (24) and a first fastening piece (31); The first end of the third connecting member (23) is fixed to the upper end of the second supporting column (12), the first end of the fourth connecting member (24) is connected to the top cabin plate (100), and the first fastener (31) is fastened to connect the second end of the third connecting member (23) and the second end of the fourth connecting member (24).

4. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One of the second ends of the three connecting members and the second end of the fourth connecting member (24) has a first threaded hole (241), and the other one of them has a first rectangular hole (231), the length direction of the first rectangular hole (231) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second supporting column (12), and the threaded end of the first fastener (31) passes through the first rectangular hole (231) and is threadedly assembled in the first threaded hole (241).

5. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The manhole access assistance device also includes a connecting rope, one end of which is connected to the non-threaded end of the first fastener (31), and the other end of which is connected to the third connecting member (23) or the upper end of the second support column (12).

6. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first fastener (31) is a butterfly bolt.

7. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The manhole access auxiliary device further comprises a fifth connecting piece (25), a sixth connecting piece (26) and a second fastening piece (32); The first end of the fifth connecting member (25) is fixed to the lower end of the second supporting column (12), the first end of the sixth connecting member (26) is connected to the bottom cabin plate (200), and the second fastener (32) is fastened to connect the second end of the fifth connecting member (25) and the second end of the sixth connecting member (26).

8. The manhole access assisting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: One of the second ends of the fifth connecting member and the second end of the sixth connecting member (26) has a second threaded hole (261), and the other one of them has a second rectangular hole (251), the length direction of the second rectangular hole (251) is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the second supporting column (12), and the second fastener (32) passes through the second rectangular hole (251) and is threadedly assembled in the second threaded hole (261).

9. The manhole access assistance device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second fastener (32) is a butterfly bolt.

10. A method for entering and exiting a manhole, characterized in that: A manhole access assisting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is provided below the manhole (101), and the manhole access method comprises the following steps: When a first person located on the bottom deck (200) needs to enter the upper space above the manhole (101) through the manhole (101), the first person passes through the manhole (101) via the ladder (1) to enter the upper space; When a second person or equipment located on the cabin floor needs to pass under the manhole (101), the upper end of the second support column (12) is detached from the top cabin plate (100), and the ladder (1) is rotated so that the ladder (1) is moved to one side of the manhole (101); When the first person needs to return to the bottom deck (200), the first person passes his arm through the manhole (101), rotates the ladder (1) to the bottom of the manhole (101), and connects the upper end of the second support column (12) to the top deck (100); the first person passes through the manhole (101) and returns to the bottom deck (200) via the ladder (1).

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