Heavy-load fork arm left-right moving device and forklift
By adopting a structure in which the tapered guide wheel and the guide wheel groove are closely matched in the fork arm left and right moving device, combined with linear motor driving, the problem of insufficient accuracy and load capacity in the prior art is solved, and the effects of high precision, high load capacity and space saving are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510269143.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-15
AI Technical Summary
The existing fork arm left and right moving devices have shortcomings in terms of accuracy and load capacity. The hydraulic cylinder driving method has limited accuracy and large space occupies; the motor lead screw driving method has limited load capacity, which has high environmental requirements.
The structure of the tapered guide wheel and the guide wheel groove is closely matched, and the fork arm is driven to move left and right in the guide wheel groove through a linear motor, achieving high precision and high load capacity for the fork arm movement left and right.
It improves the accuracy of the left and right movement of the wishbone, can meet the high-precision handling needs, saves space, is suitable for occasions with limited space, has high load capacity, reduces environmental requirements and is convenient for maintenance.
Smart Images
Figure CN119822282A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fork arm devices, and in particular to a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device and a forklift. Background Art
[0002] In the field of mechanical engineering, especially in logistics warehousing, manufacturing and other industries, handling and transporting goods is an indispensable link. In order to improve efficiency and reduce manual labor, various automated handling equipment are widely used. Among them, forklifts are a very important handling equipment, which can move flexibly in a narrow space and can carry a large amount of goods. In order to further improve the handling efficiency and accuracy of forklifts, the left and right movement device of the fork arm has become a hot topic of research.
[0003] The existing left-right moving device of the fork arm mainly adopts two driving modes: hydraulic cylinder drive and motor screw drive. The hydraulic cylinder drive mode is to push the hydraulic cylinder by the pressure of the hydraulic oil, thereby driving the fork arm to move left and right. The advantages of this method are simple structure and low cost, but the accuracy is limited, and a large space is required to install the hydraulic system. The motor screw drive mode is to drive the screw by the rotation of the motor, thereby pushing the fork arm to move left and right. The advantages of this method are high accuracy, but limited load capacity, and high requirements for the operating environment, such as the need to keep it clean and dry.
[0004] Although the existing fork arm left and right moving device has improved the handling efficiency and accuracy to a certain extent, there are still some problems and limitations. First, the hydraulic cylinder drive method has limited accuracy and cannot meet some high-precision handling requirements. Secondly, the hydraulic system needs to occupy a large space, which is a big limitation in some occasions with limited space. Thirdly, the motor screw drive method has limited load capacity and cannot carry heavier goods. It also has high requirements for the operating environment, which increases maintenance and use costs.
[0005] Therefore, how to design a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device to overcome the shortcomings and limitations of the prior art is a problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention
[0006] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present application provides a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device and a forklift. The heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device is compact, space-saving, and easy to operate; in particular, the conical guide wheel and the guide wheel groove fit tightly together, have high precision and high load capacity, and have low environmental requirements and are easy to maintain.
[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device, comprising: Base, Support column; the support column is vertically arranged on the base; Guide wheel groove; the guide wheel groove is slidably arranged on the support column in a transverse direction; Left and right movable guide wheels; the left and right movable guide wheels are movably installed in the guide wheel grooves and are used to connect the fork arms; A linear motor, wherein the output end of the linear motor is connected to the fork arm through a motor connector; the linear motor drives the fork arm and drives the left and right movable guide wheel to move left and right in the guide wheel groove; Among them, the left and right movable guide wheels include: a supporting wheel shaft, a supporting wheel, a guide wheel mounting member, a conical guide wheel and a guide wheel shaft, two conical guide wheels are arranged on both sides of the guide wheel mounting member through the guide wheel shaft, the supporting wheel is arranged on the guide wheel mounting member through the supporting wheel shaft, and the supporting wheel is arranged between the two conical guide wheels; the axes of the supporting wheel and the guide wheel shaft are perpendicular to each other.
[0008] As a further improvement of the present application, the guide wheel groove is further provided with a slide groove along the lateral direction, and a connecting block is provided on the guide wheel mounting member; the connecting block extends out of the slide groove.
[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, the left and right movable guide wheels also include a guide wheel connecting block, which is connected to the connecting block, and the guide wheel connecting block is provided with a mounting hole for connecting the fork arm.
[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the supporting wheel axle is installed vertically and the guiding wheel axle is installed horizontally.
[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the support wheel is cylindrical; the conical guide wheel is truncated cone-shaped, and the two conical guide wheels are installed in the same direction.
[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, at least two groups of guide wheel grooves are provided, at least two groups of guide wheel grooves are provided in parallel, and both ends of the guide wheel grooves are provided in the vertical guide rails of the support column; All the guide wheel grooves are connected by vertical connecting pieces.
[0013] As a further improvement of the present application, at least two left and right movable guide wheels are arranged in the guide wheel groove, and the left and right movable guide wheels are both connected to the fork arm.
[0014] As a further improvement of the present application, all the left and right movable guide wheels in the guide wheel groove are installed in the same direction; The installation directions of the left and right movable guide wheels in the two groups of guide wheel grooves adjacent to each other vertically are opposite.
[0015] As a further improvement of the present application, a plurality of groups of mounting holes are provided on the fork arm, and the plurality of groups of mounting holes correspond to the plurality of groups of left and right movable guide wheels.
[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides a forklift, comprising: A left-right moving unit, wherein the left-right moving unit adopts the heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device; A lifting unit, wherein a fixed end of the lifting unit is connected to the base, and a driving end of the lifting unit is connected to the guide wheel groove, and is used to drive the left and right moving units to lift; A motion unit is arranged at the bottom of the base and is used to drive the base to move.
[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of this technical solution are as follows: The present application discloses a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device, which supports the entire device through a supporting wheel shaft and a supporting wheel; a guide wheel mounting member installs a conical guide wheel; the conical guide wheel and the guide wheel groove are closely matched to ensure the moving accuracy of the fork arm; the guide wheel shaft is connected to the conical guide wheel; the guide wheel groove is used to guide the movement of the fork arm; a linear motor drives the fork arm to move; the conical guide wheel is installed in the guide wheel groove, and the guide wheel connecting block is installed on the left-right moving guide wheel, and the fork arm is driven to move left-right in the guide wheel groove through the conical guide wheel by the linear motor and the motor connecting member. The structure in which the conical guide wheel and the guide wheel groove are closely matched makes the left-right movement of the fork arm more precise, and can meet the high-precision handling requirements. Therefore, the present application has the following advantages: 1) High precision: This application adopts a method of close cooperation between the tapered guide wheel and the guide wheel groove, which greatly improves the accuracy of the left and right movement of the fork arm, can meet some high-precision handling requirements, and overcomes the problem of limited accuracy of the hydraulic cylinder drive method.
[0018] 2) Space saving: The mechanism of the present application is small and compact, which saves space and overcomes the problem that the hydraulic system needs to occupy a large space. This has great advantages for some occasions with limited space, such as logistics warehousing, manufacturing and other industries.
[0019] 3) High load capacity: The close fit between the conical guide wheel and the guide wheel groove of the present application has a high load capacity and can carry heavier goods, thus overcoming the problem of limited load capacity of the motor screw drive method.
[0020] 4) Low environmental requirements: This application has low environmental requirements, is easy to maintain, and reduces maintenance and use costs. This is in sharp contrast to the motor screw drive method, which has high requirements for the operating environment.
[0021] 5) Easy operation: The linear motor of the present application drives the fork arm to move left and right in the guide wheel groove through the conical guide wheel, which is easy to operate and improves work efficiency.
[0022] Furthermore, the linear motor is fixed to the fork arm through the motor connector, and the fork arm is driven by the lifting guide wheel groove. The linear motor drives the fork arm to move left and right in the guide wheel groove through the tapered guide wheel, so that the device occupies a small space and is suitable for occasions with limited space. The tapered guide wheel is closely matched with the guide wheel groove, has a high load capacity, and can carry heavier goods. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 It is a front schematic diagram of a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device of the present application; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device including a fork arm of the present application; Figure 3 It is a partial front view of the heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device of the present application; Figure 4 It is a partial schematic diagram of the back side of the heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device of the present application; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the left and right movable guide wheels of the present application; Figure 6 It is a front view of the forklift truck of the present application; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the back of the forklift truck of the present application; Among them, 100, base; 200, support column; 300, guide wheel groove; 301, slide groove; 302, vertical connecting piece; 31, connecting block; 400, left and right movable guide wheel; 1, support shaft; 2, support wheel; 3, guide wheel mounting piece; 4, conical guide wheel; 5, guide wheel shaft; 8, linear motor; 9, lifting electric cylinder; 10, electric cylinder support; 11, motor connecting piece; 14, fork arm; 1001, auxiliary power wheel; 6, upper guide wheel groove; 7, lower guide wheel groove; 12, upper guide wheel connecting block; 13, lower guide wheel connecting block; 1401, mounting hole; 201, vertical guide rail; 301, slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.
[0025] In this application, the term "and / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there may be three relationships. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects are in an "or" relationship.
[0026] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, some or all of the steps can be executed in parallel or sequentially, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
[0027] The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present application. The singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" used in the embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates other meanings.
[0028] The terms "first" and "second" are used only for descriptive purposes to distinguish objects such as substances from each other, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first XX may also be referred to as the second XX, and similarly, the second XX may also be referred to as the first XX. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.
[0029] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device, comprising: a base 100, a support column 200; a guide wheel groove 300; a left-right moving guide wheel 400; a linear motor 8; the support column 200 is vertically arranged on the base 100; the guide wheel groove 300 is horizontally slidably arranged on the support column 200; the left-right moving guide wheel 400 is movably installed in the guide wheel groove 300, and is used to connect the fork arm 14; the output end of the linear motor 8 is connected to the fork arm 14 through the motor connecting member 11; the linear motor 8 drives the fork arm 14, and drives the left-right moving guide wheel 400 to move left-right in the guide wheel groove 300; The base 100 serves as the supporting foundation of the whole device. The support column 200 is vertically arranged on the base 100, and is used to support and drive the movement of the guide wheel groove 300. The guide wheel groove 300 is horizontally slidably arranged on the support column 200, providing a sliding track so that the left and right movable guide wheel 400 can move left and right therein. The left and right movable guide wheel 400 is movably installed in the guide wheel groove 300, and the left and right movement of the fork arm 14 is realized by connecting the fork arm 14. The linear motor 8 is connected to the fork arm 14 through the motor connecting member 11, and is the power source for driving the fork arm 14 to move left and right. When the linear motor 8 receives the instruction to start working, its output end pushes the fork arm 14 to move left and right through the motor connecting member 11. The movement of the fork arm 14 drives the left and right movable guide wheel 400 to slide left and right in the guide wheel groove 300. Due to the design of the conical guide wheel 4 and the support wheel 2, the left and right movable guide wheel 400 can slide stably in the guide wheel groove 300 while maintaining a certain guiding accuracy and stability. This design not only realizes the left and right movement of the fork arm 14, but also ensures the stability and reliability of the entire movement process.
[0030] The heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device provided in this embodiment realizes the precise left-right movement of the fork arm 14 through the drive of the linear motor 8 and the cooperation between the guide wheel groove 300 and the left-right moving guide wheel 400, and has the advantages of simple structure, high guiding accuracy, and smooth and reliable operation.
[0031] Among them, Figure 4 As shown, the left and right movable guide wheel 400 includes: a support shaft 1, a support wheel 2, a guide wheel mounting member 3, a conical guide wheel 4 and a guide wheel shaft 5, the two conical guide wheels 4 are arranged on both sides of the guide wheel mounting member 3 through the guide wheel shaft 5, the support wheel 2 is arranged on the guide wheel mounting member 3 through the support shaft 1, and the support wheel 2 is arranged between the two conical guide wheels 4; the axes of the support wheel 2 and the guide wheel shaft 5 are perpendicular to each other.
[0032] In the left and right movable guide wheel 400, the support wheel 2 is arranged on the guide wheel mounting member 3 through the support shaft 1 and is located between the two tapered guide wheels 4. The main function of the support wheel 2 is to support the weight of the entire guide wheel assembly and ensure its stable operation in the guide wheel groove 300. The tapered guide wheels 4 are arranged on both sides of the guide wheel mounting member 3 through the guide wheel shaft 5. The design of the tapered guide wheel 4 helps to provide better guidance and stability in the guide wheel groove 300, while being able to adapt to certain deviations and unevenness. The axes of the support wheel 2 and the guide wheel shaft 5 are perpendicular to each other. This design ensures stable guidance and support of the left and right movable guide wheel 400 in the guide wheel groove 300.
[0033] More specifically, the guide wheel groove 300 is further provided with a slide groove 301 in the transverse direction, and the guide wheel mounting member 3 is provided with a connecting block 31; the connecting block 31 extends out of the slide groove 301. Each left and right movable guide wheel 400 also includes a guide wheel connecting block, which is connected to the connecting block 31, and the guide wheel connecting block is provided with a mounting hole 1401 for connecting the fork arm 14. The support shaft 1 is installed vertically, and the guide wheel shaft 5 is installed horizontally. The support wheel 2 is cylindrical; the conical guide wheel 4 is truncated cone, and the two conical guide wheels 4 are installed in the same direction.
[0034] As an example, the guide wheel groove 300 is provided with a slide groove 301 in the transverse direction. This design allows the guide wheel mounting member 3 to slide freely in the slide groove 301, thereby realizing the lateral movement of the left and right movable guide wheel 400 in the guide wheel groove 300. A connecting block 31 is provided on the guide wheel mounting member 3, and the connecting block 31 extends out of the slide groove 301 and is connected to the guide wheel connecting block on the left and right movable guide wheel 400. This connection method ensures that the left and right movable guide wheel 400 can be stably installed in the guide wheel groove 300 and move left and right with the guidance of the slide groove 301. Each left and right movable guide wheel 400 includes a guide wheel connecting block. This design enables the left and right movable guide wheel 400 to be conveniently connected to the guide wheel mounting member 3 through the connecting block 31. A mounting hole 1401 for connecting the fork arm 14 is provided on the guide wheel connecting block. This design enables the fork arm 14 to be stably connected to the left and right movable guide wheel 400, thereby realizing the left and right movement of the fork arm 14. The support shaft 1 is installed vertically. This design ensures that the support wheel 2 can stably support the weight of the entire left-right movable guide wheel 400 and prevent it from tilting or shaking during movement. The guide wheel shaft 5 is installed horizontally. This design allows the conical guide wheel 4 to fit tightly on the side wall of the guide wheel groove 300, thereby providing better guidance and stability. The support wheel 2 is cylindrical. This design allows the support wheel 2 to maintain low friction resistance and high rolling efficiency during rolling. The conical guide wheel 4 is truncated cone-shaped, and the two conical guide wheels 4 are installed in the same direction. This design allows the conical guide wheel 4 to better adapt to its shape changes in the guide wheel groove 300, thereby providing better guidance accuracy and stability.
[0035] Furthermore, through the design of the slide groove 301, the connecting block 31, the guide wheel connecting block and the mounting hole 1401, the device realizes a high-precision guiding function. This enables the fork arm 14 to maintain high stability and precision during the left and right movement, thereby meeting the use requirements in heavy-load situations. The design of the support wheel 2 and the tapered guide wheel 4 enables the left and right moving guide wheel 400 to run stably in the guide wheel groove 300. The support wheel 2 provides a stable support effect, while the tapered guide wheel 4 provides good guidance and stability. This design ensures that the fork arm 14 will not tilt or shake during the movement, thereby improving the operating stability of the entire device.
[0036] The device is suitable for the left-right movement of the fork arm 14 in various heavy-load situations. Whether it is required to move frequently or to operate stably for a long time, the device can provide reliable support and guarantee. In addition, its high-precision guiding function and stable operating performance also make the device have a wide range of application prospects in the fields of industrial automation and logistics transportation.
[0037] In order to ensure precise control of left and right movement and stability of movement, at least two groups of guide wheel grooves 300 are set, at least two groups of guide wheel grooves 300 are set in parallel, and both ends of the guide wheel grooves 300 are set in the vertical guide rails 201 of the support column 200; all guide wheel grooves 300 are connected by vertical connecting members 302.
[0038] Furthermore, at least two left-right movable guide wheels 400 are arranged in each guide wheel groove 300, and each left-right movable guide wheel 400 is connected to the fork arm 14. All left-right movable guide wheels 400 in each guide wheel groove 300 are installed in the same direction; the left-right movable guide wheels 400 in two groups of guide wheel grooves 300 adjacent to each other are installed in opposite directions.
[0039] As an example, by providing at least two left and right movable guide wheels 400 in each guide wheel groove 300, and both of them are connected to the fork arm 14, the stability of the fork arm 14 during movement can be significantly enhanced. Multiple left and right movable guide wheels 400 share the weight of the fork arm 14 and the load, reducing the load of a single left and right movable guide wheel 400, thereby reducing the risk of wear and failure of the left and right movable guide wheels 400. The side-by-side arrangement of multiple left and right movable guide wheels 400 in the same guide wheel groove 300 enables the fork arm 14 to better maintain linearity during movement, reducing the offset caused by deviation or wear of a single left and right movable guide wheel 400. This design helps to improve the guiding accuracy and ensure that the fork arm 14 can accurately reach the target position. The left and right movable guide wheels 400 in the two adjacent groups of guide wheel grooves 300 are installed in opposite directions, and this design helps to balance the force on the fork arm 14 in the vertical direction. When the fork arm 14 rises or falls, since the left and right movable guide wheels 400 are installed in opposite directions, they can offset each other's roll moment caused by gravity to a certain extent, thereby maintaining the stability and balance of the fork arm 14. Under different load conditions, the fork arm 14 may be subjected to forces and moments in different directions. By designing multiple left and right movable guide wheels 400 and installing them in opposite directions, the device can better adapt to these changes and maintain stable performance under various load conditions. The side-by-side arrangement and installation of multiple left and right movable guide wheels 400 in opposite directions enable each left and right movable guide wheel 400 to share the load and wear to a certain extent. This design extends the service life of the guide wheel and reduces the frequency of maintenance and replacement, thereby improving the durability and reliability of the entire device.
[0040] Example 2 like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a heavy-load fork arm left-right moving device, including: a support shaft 1, a support wheel 2, a guide wheel mounting member 3, a conical guide wheel 4, a guide wheel shaft 5, an upper guide wheel groove 6, a lower guide wheel groove 7, a linear motor 8, a lifting electric cylinder 9, an electric cylinder support 10, a motor connecting member 11, an upper guide wheel connecting block 12, a lower guide wheel connecting block 13, and a fork arm 14.
[0041] The left and right moving guide wheel 400 is installed in the guide wheel groove 300, the guide wheel connecting block is installed on the left and right moving guide wheel 400, and the fork arm 14 is fixed on the guide wheel connecting block. The linear motor 8 is fixed to the fork arm 14 through the motor connecting piece 11. The lifting electric cylinder 9 is fixed to the guide wheel groove 300, so that the lifting guide wheel groove 300 drives the fork arm 14. The linear motor 8 is started, and the fork arm 14 is driven to move left and right in the guide wheel groove 300 through the conical guide wheel 4 through the motor connecting piece 11.
[0042] In this embodiment, the support shaft 1 and the support wheel 2 are used to support the entire device, the guide wheel mounting member 3 is used to mount the tapered guide wheel 4, the tapered guide wheel 4 is closely matched with the guide wheel groove 300 to ensure the movement accuracy of the fork arm 14, the guide wheel shaft 5 is used to connect the tapered guide wheel 4, the upper guide wheel groove 6 and the lower guide wheel groove 7 are used to guide the movement of the fork arm 14, the linear motor 8 is used to drive the fork arm 14 to move, the lifting electric cylinder 9 is used to lift the fork arm 14, the electric cylinder support member 10 is used to support the lifting electric cylinder 9, the motor connector 11 is used to connect the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14, and the upper guide wheel connecting block 12 and the lower guide wheel connecting block 13 are used to connect the fork arm 14 and the tapered guide wheel 4. The device can realize the left and right movement of the fork arm 14, improve the handling efficiency, and reduce the manual workload.
[0043] Furthermore, the present application adopts a structure in which the tapered guide wheel 4 and the guide wheel groove 300 are closely matched to solve the problem of limited precision of the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 in the existing hydraulic cylinder drive mode. Specifically, the left-right moving guide wheel 400 is installed in the guide wheel groove 300, the guide wheel connecting block is installed on the left-right moving guide wheel 400, and the fork arm 14 is fixed on the guide wheel connecting block. This structure makes the left-right movement of the fork arm 14 more accurate and can meet the high-precision handling requirements. A compact and space-saving mechanism is adopted to solve the problem that the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 in the existing hydraulic cylinder drive mode requires a large space. Specifically, the linear motor 8 is fixed to the fork arm 14 through the motor connector 11, the lifting electric cylinder 9 is fixed to the guide wheel groove 300, the lifting guide wheel groove 300 drives the fork arm 14, and the linear motor 8 drives the fork arm 14 to move left and right in the guide wheel groove 300 through the tapered guide wheel 4. This structure makes the device occupy less space and is suitable for occasions with limited space. A device with high load capacity is used to solve the problem of limited load capacity of the existing motor screw drive fork arm 14 left and right moving device. Specifically, the conical guide wheel 4 is closely matched with the guide wheel groove 300, has a high load capacity, and can carry heavier goods. A device with low environmental requirements is used to solve the problem of high requirements on the operating environment of the existing motor screw drive fork arm 14 left and right moving device. Specifically, the device has low environmental requirements and is easy to maintain.
[0044] Specifically, the various components of this application are described as follows: The support shaft 1 is the key supporting component at the bottom of the device, bearing the weight of the entire device, ensuring that the device is stably placed on the ground during operation, and providing a solid foundation for the device. It is made of high-strength alloy steel, which is precision machined and heat-treated to ensure that it has sufficient strength and wear resistance to withstand the weight of the entire device and various stresses during operation. According to the design requirements of the device, the length, diameter, journal size and other parameters of the support shaft 1 are determined to ensure the matching accuracy with the support wheel 2.
[0045] The support wheel 2 is mounted on the support shaft 1 and in contact with the ground, so that the device can be flexibly moved on the ground, and the position of the device can be adjusted to adapt to different working scenes and handling requirements. A solid wheel or pneumatic wheel made of wear-resistant materials such as rubber or polyurethane is used, and the appropriate wheel diameter and wheel width are selected according to the actual load-bearing capacity and working environment. The hub of the support wheel 2 is designed with a mounting hole 1401 and a keyway that match the support shaft 1. The support wheel 2 is firmly mounted on the support shaft 1 by key connection or interference fit, ensuring that the support wheel 2 can rotate flexibly.
[0046] The guide wheel mounting member 3 is used to fix and install the tapered guide wheel 4, ensuring that the tapered guide wheel 4 can be accurately installed at the predetermined position, and providing stable guide support for the movement of the fork arm 14. It is cast or forged using cast steel or aluminum alloy materials, and has good rigidity and stability. A plurality of mounting holes 1401 and positioning pin holes are processed on the guide wheel mounting member 3, which are used to accurately install the tapered guide wheel 4 and the guide wheel shaft 5, while ensuring the connection accuracy between the guide wheel mounting member 3 and the upper guide wheel groove 6 and the lower guide wheel groove 7.
[0047] The conical guide wheel 4 has a conical structure and fits tightly with the guide wheel groove 300. This design can effectively reduce the friction of the fork arm 14 during movement, improve the movement accuracy, ensure that the fork arm 14 moves smoothly along the predetermined trajectory, and avoid offset or jamming. It is made of high-quality steel, and the surface is quenched and ground to improve its hardness and finish to reduce friction and wear with the guide wheel groove 300. The taper of the conical guide wheel 4 is designed according to the shape and requirements of the guide wheel groove 300 to ensure a close fit with the guide wheel groove 300. At the same time, a buffer ring made of rubber or plastic is designed at the wheel rim to reduce the vibration and noise of the guide wheel during operation.
[0048] The guide wheel shaft 5 is connected to the conical guide wheel 4 so that the conical guide wheel 4 can rotate around it. The accuracy and stability of the guide wheel shaft 5 directly affect the rotation performance of the conical guide wheel 4, and then affect the movement effect of the fork arm 14. High-strength stainless steel materials are selected, which have good corrosion resistance and fatigue resistance. Threads and shoulders are processed at both ends of the guide wheel shaft 5 to fix the conical guide wheel 4, so that the conical guide wheel 4 is installed on the guide wheel mounting member 3, and the guide wheel shaft 5 is fastened to the guide wheel mounting member 3 through connecting parts such as nuts and washers to ensure the axial positioning and rotation flexibility of the guide wheel shaft 5.
[0049] The upper guide wheel groove 6 is located at the upper part of the device, and together with the lower guide wheel groove 7, it forms the running track of the tapered guide wheel 4. The upper guide wheel groove 6 mainly guides the tapered guide wheel 4 on the upper part of the fork arm 14, limits its position in the vertical direction, and ensures that the fork arm 14 maintains the correct posture during the movement.
[0050] The lower guide wheel groove 7 is located at the lower part of the device, and cooperates with the upper guide wheel groove 6 to guide the conical guide wheel 4 at the lower part of the fork arm 14. The lower guide wheel groove 7 mainly limits the position of the fork arm 14 in the horizontal direction, ensures that the fork arm 14 can move left and right along a predetermined straight path, and prevents the fork arm 14 from lateral deviation during movement.
[0051] Furthermore, the upper guide wheel groove 6 and the lower guide wheel groove 7 are made of steel plates or aluminum alloy plates by bending or welding, and have sufficient strength and rigidity. A wear-resistant lining plate, such as a polytetrafluoroethylene plate or a bronze plate, is installed on the inner wall of the guide wheel groove 300 to reduce the friction and wear between the tapered guide wheel 4 and the guide wheel groove 300. At the same time, buffer devices, such as spring buffers or rubber pads, are provided at both ends of the guide wheel groove 300 to prevent the tapered guide wheel 4 from colliding and being damaged when it runs to the limit position.
[0052] The linear motor 8 is the core power component for driving the fork arm 14 to move, providing a powerful driving force. The linear motor 8 has the characteristics of high precision and high response speed, and can accurately control the moving speed and position of the fork arm 14, realize the fast and smooth movement of the fork arm 14, and meet the high requirements of heavy-load handling for precision and efficiency. According to the load and moving speed requirements of the fork arm 14, a linear motor 8 of suitable specifications and models is selected, such as a permanent magnet synchronous linear motor or an induction linear motor. The stator and mover parts of the linear motor 8 are respectively installed on the fixed bracket and the fork arm 14, and the linear motion of the fork arm 14 is realized by the action of electromagnetic force. A position sensor, such as a grating scale or a magnetic grating scale, is installed at the end of the linear motor 8 to accurately measure the position and speed of the fork arm 14.
[0053] The lifting electric cylinder 9 is used to lift the fork arm 14 to a suitable height position for cargo handling operations. The lifting electric cylinder 9 has stable lifting performance and can accurately control the lifting height of the fork arm 14 to ensure that the fork arm 14 can work stably at different heights. Use a hydraulic or electric lifting electric cylinder 9, and select a suitable cylinder diameter and stroke according to the lifting height and load capacity of the fork arm 14. The cylinder barrel of the lifting electric cylinder 9 is fixed to the electric cylinder support 10 by bolts or welding, and the piston rod is connected to the upper guide wheel groove 6 or the lower guide wheel groove 7. The lifting action of the guide wheel groove 300 and the fork arm 14 is achieved by controlling the extension and retraction of the lifting electric cylinder 9.
[0054] The electric cylinder support 10 supports the lifting electric cylinder 9 to ensure that the lifting electric cylinder 9 remains stable during operation, and avoids the electric cylinder from tilting or being damaged due to its own weight or uneven force during operation, thereby ensuring that the lifting electric cylinder 9 can work normally and reliably. It is welded with profiles such as channel steel or I-beam, and has sufficient strength and stability. The electric cylinder support 10 is processed with mounting holes 1401 and positioning pin holes for accurately installing the lifting electric cylinder 9 and connecting with other components. At the same time, a shock-absorbing pad is installed at the bottom of the electric cylinder support 10 to reduce the vibration and noise of the lifting electric cylinder 9 during operation.
[0055] The motor connector 11 connects the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14, and transmits the driving force of the linear motor 8 to the fork arm 14. The design of the motor connector 11 needs to ensure the firmness and reliability of the connection, and at the same time be able to withstand the large torque generated by the linear motor 8 during operation, to ensure that the driving force can be efficiently and stably transmitted to the fork arm 14, driving the fork arm 14 to move. It is made of high-strength aluminum alloy or stainless steel material, with good rigidity and lightweight characteristics. One end of the motor connector 11 is connected to the moving part of the linear motor 8, and the other end is connected to the fork arm 14. The motor connector 11 is fastened together with the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14 by connectors such as bolts or pins to ensure the reliability of the connection and the efficiency of power transmission.
[0056] Upper guide wheel connection block 12: connects the fork arm 14 and the upper conical guide wheel 4, so that the fork arm 14 and the conical guide wheel 4 form a whole. The design of the upper guide wheel connection block 12 should take into account the stress between the fork arm 14 and the conical guide wheel 4, ensure that the connection block 31 has sufficient strength and rigidity, can withstand various forces generated by the fork arm 14 during the movement, and ensure a stable connection between the fork arm 14 and the conical guide wheel 4.
[0057] Lower guide wheel connection block 13: connects the fork arm 14 and the lower conical guide wheel 4, cooperates with the upper guide wheel connection block 12, and jointly supports the fork arm 14 and guides its movement. The lower guide wheel connection block 13 also needs to have good strength and rigidity to ensure that the fork arm 14 can move smoothly along the guide wheel groove 300 during the movement process, and avoid the situation of loose connection or shaking of the fork arm 14.
[0058] Furthermore, the upper guide wheel connecting block 12 and the lower guide wheel connecting block 13 are made of cast steel or forged aluminum alloy material, and have good strength and toughness. The upper guide wheel connecting block 12 and the lower guide wheel connecting block 13 are processed with mounting holes 1401 and positioning pin holes for accurately mounting the tapered guide wheel 4 and the fork arm 14. At the same time, reinforcing ribs and weight-reducing holes are designed inside the connecting block 31 to improve the strength of the connecting block 31 and reduce the weight.
[0059] The fork arm 14 is used to carry and transport goods and is a key executive component of the entire device. The design of the fork arm 14 needs to take into account the load-bearing capacity and structural strength to meet the needs of heavy-load handling. At the same time, the shape and size of the fork arm 14 must match the shape and size of the goods to ensure that the goods can be clamped and transported stably. The structure and size of the fork arm 14 are designed according to the actual handling needs and load capacity. It is welded or forged with high-strength steel plates. Fork teeth or clamps are installed at the front end of the fork arm 14 for forking or clamping goods. A reinforcement structure and weight-reducing holes are provided inside the fork arm 14 to increase the strength and rigidity of the fork arm 14 while reducing its weight.
[0060] Among them, the fork arm 14 is provided with multiple groups of mounting holes 1401, and the multiple groups of mounting holes 1401 correspond to multiple groups of left and right movable guide wheels 400. This also makes the fork arm 14 run smoothly when driven by the left and right movable guide wheels 400.
[0061] 2. Device assembly and implementation steps, combined with Figures 1 to 5 , specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Component preparation Support shaft 1: Check the appearance quality of support shaft 1 to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and deformation on its surface. Use professional measuring tools to measure the dimensional accuracy of support shaft 1, including key dimensions such as length and diameter, to ensure that it meets the design requirements. Place support shaft 1 on the workbench and prepare the tools and accessories required for installation.
[0062] Support wheel 2: Perform an appearance inspection on support wheel 2 to see if the wheel surface is flat and has no wear or damage. Check the dimensional accuracy of the wheel axle hole to ensure that it matches the matching size of support shaft 1. Perform a trial assembly of support wheel 2 and support shaft 1 to check whether the tightness of the assembly is appropriate and ensure that support wheel 2 can rotate flexibly on support shaft 1 without becoming loose or falling off.
[0063] Guide wheel mounting part 3: Check the appearance quality of guide wheel mounting part 3 to see if its surface is smooth and has no burrs or scratches. Use a measuring tool to measure the position accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the mounting hole 1401 of the guide wheel mounting part 3 to ensure that it can be accurately installed in the predetermined position. Place the guide wheel mounting part 3 on the workbench and prepare the bolts, nuts and other fasteners required for installation.
[0064] Conical guide wheel 4: Perform an appearance inspection on the conical guide wheel 4 to check whether its conical surface is smooth, worn or deformed. Check the dimensional accuracy of the guide wheel, including key dimensions such as wheel diameter, wheel width, and taper, to ensure that it matches the matching dimensions of the guide wheel groove 300. Place the conical guide wheel 4 on the workbench and prepare the bearings, seals and other accessories required for installation.
[0065] Guide wheel shaft 5: Check the appearance quality of the guide wheel shaft 5 to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and deformation on its surface. Use measuring tools to measure the dimensional accuracy of the guide wheel shaft 5, including key dimensions such as length, diameter, and coaxiality, to ensure that it can accurately connect to the tapered guide wheel 4. Place the guide wheel shaft 5 on the workbench and prepare the tools and accessories required for installation.
[0066] Upper guide wheel groove 6: Check the appearance quality of the upper guide wheel groove 6 to see if its surface is smooth and has no scratches or wear. Use measuring tools to measure the dimensional accuracy of the upper guide wheel groove 6, including key dimensions such as groove width, groove depth, and groove shape accuracy, to ensure that it can accurately guide the movement of the tapered guide wheel 4. Fix the upper guide wheel groove 6 on the upper structure of the device to ensure that its installation position is accurate and firm.
[0067] Lower guide wheel groove 7: Perform an appearance inspection on the lower guide wheel groove 7 to check whether its surface is flat, deformed or damaged. Check the dimensional accuracy of the lower guide wheel groove 7, including key dimensions such as groove width, groove depth, and groove shape accuracy, to ensure that it cooperates with the upper guide wheel groove 6 and can accurately guide the movement of the tapered guide wheel 4. Fix the lower guide wheel groove 7 on the lower structure of the device to ensure that its installation position is accurate and firm, and maintains good parallelism and coaxiality with the upper guide wheel groove 6.
[0068] Linear motor 8: Check the appearance quality of linear motor 8 and see if its shell is intact and without damage. Use professional testing equipment to test the performance of linear motor 8, including key performance indicators such as motor output power, torque, and speed, to ensure that it meets the design requirements. Place linear motor 8 on the workbench and prepare the required connectors, cables and other accessories for installation.
[0069] Lifting electric cylinder 9: Perform an appearance inspection on the lifting electric cylinder 9 to check whether its cylinder body is smooth and has no scratches or damage. Check the stroke accuracy and thrust performance of the lifting electric cylinder 9 to ensure that it can accurately control the lifting height of the fork arm 14 and has sufficient thrust to lift the heavy-loaded fork arm 14. Place the lifting electric cylinder 9 on the workbench and prepare the necessary supports, connectors and other accessories for installation.
[0070] Electric cylinder support 10: Check the appearance quality of the electric cylinder support 10 to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and deformation on its surface. Use a measuring tool to measure the position accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the mounting hole 1401 of the electric cylinder support 10 to ensure that it can accurately support the lifting electric cylinder 9. Fix the electric cylinder support 10 at the corresponding position of the device to ensure that it is firmly and stably installed.
[0071] Motor connector 11: Check the appearance quality of the motor connector 11 to see if its surface is smooth and has no burrs or damage. Use a measuring tool to measure the dimensional accuracy and connection accuracy of the motor connector 11 to ensure that it can accurately connect the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14. Place the motor connector 11 on the workbench and prepare the bolts, nuts and other fasteners required for installation.
[0072] Upper guide wheel connection block 12: Perform an appearance inspection on the upper guide wheel connection block 12 to check whether its surface is flat, cracked or damaged. Check the position accuracy and dimensional accuracy of the mounting hole 1401 of the connection block 31 to ensure that it can accurately connect the fork arm 14 and the upper conical guide wheel 4. Place the upper guide wheel connection block 12 on the workbench and prepare the bolts, nuts and other fasteners required for installation.
[0073] Lower guide wheel connection block 13: Check the appearance quality of the lower guide wheel connection block 13 to ensure that there are no defects such as cracks and deformation on its surface. Use a measuring tool to measure the dimensional accuracy and connection accuracy of the lower guide wheel connection block 13 to ensure that it can accurately connect the fork arm 14 and the lower conical guide wheel 4. Place the lower guide wheel connection block 13 on the workbench and prepare the bolts, nuts and other fasteners required for installation. Step 2: Install the left and right guide wheels 400 First, the conical guide wheel 4 is mounted on the guide wheel shaft 5, and nuts and washers are used to fix the conical guide wheel 4 at both ends of the guide wheel shaft 5 to ensure that the conical guide wheel 4 can rotate flexibly. Then, the guide wheel shaft 5 with the conical guide wheel 4 mounted is mounted on the guide wheel mounting member 3, and the guide wheel mounting member 3 is fastened to the guide wheel shaft 5 by positioning pins and bolts to ensure the installation accuracy of the conical guide wheel 4.
[0074] Next, the guide wheel mounting member 3 with the conical guide wheel 4 installed is installed in the upper guide wheel groove 6 and the lower guide wheel groove 7, so that the conical guide wheel 4 is closely matched with the inner wall of the guide wheel groove 300. During the installation process, the guide wheel mounting member 3 is adjusted and calibrated using tools such as a level and a dial indicator to ensure the installation accuracy and operating flexibility of the conical guide wheel 4 in the guide wheel groove 300.
[0075] Finally, install the upper guide wheel connecting block 12 and the lower guide wheel connecting block 13 on the left and right movable guide wheels 400, and fasten the upper guide wheel connecting block 12 and the lower guide wheel connecting block 13 to the guide wheel mounting member 3 through bolts or pins to ensure the reliability and stability of the connection.
[0076] Step 3: Connect the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14 One end of the motor connector 11 is fastened to the moving part of the linear motor 8 by a connector such as a bolt or a pin to ensure the reliability of the connection and the efficiency of power transmission. Then, the other end of the motor connector 11 is connected to the fork arm 14, and the fork arm 14 is processed with a mounting hole 1401 and a positioning pin hole matching the motor connector 11. The motor connector 11 is fastened to the fork arm 14 by bolts and positioning pins to ensure the connection accuracy and rigidity between the linear motor 8 and the fork arm 14.
[0077] Step 4: Install the lifting cylinder 9 The cylinder barrel of the lifting electric cylinder 9 is fixed to the electric cylinder support 10 by bolts or welding, and the lifting electric cylinder 9 is adjusted and calibrated using tools such as a level and a dial indicator to ensure the installation accuracy and verticality of the lifting electric cylinder 9. Then, the piston rod of the lifting electric cylinder 9 is connected to the upper guide wheel groove 6 or the lower guide wheel groove 7, and the piston rod is connected to the guide wheel groove 300 through a joint bearing or a ball pin and other connectors to ensure that the lifting electric cylinder 9 can flexibly rotate and transmit force during operation.
[0078] Step 5: Start the operation Before starting the linear motor 8, the entire device is first comprehensively inspected and debugged, including checking whether the connection of each component is firm, whether the rotation of the conical guide wheel 4 is flexible, whether the electrical system of the linear motor 8 and the lifting cylinder 9 is normal, etc. Then, turn on the power, start the linear motor 8, and drive the fork arm 14 to move left and right in the guide wheel groove 300 through the motor connector 11. During the movement of the fork arm 14, the position and speed of the fork arm 14 are monitored in real time by the position sensor, and adjusted and controlled as needed.
[0079] When the fork arm 14 needs to be lifted, the lifting electric cylinder 9 is started, and the upper guide wheel groove 6 and the lower guide wheel groove 7 are driven to rise or fall through the extension and contraction of the piston rod, thereby realizing the lifting action of the fork arm 14. During the lifting process, the working pressure of the lifting electric cylinder 9 is monitored in real time through the pressure sensor to ensure the safety and stability of the lifting process.
[0080] Due to the advanced nature of the technical solution, it has broad application prospects in industries such as logistics warehousing, manufacturing, etc. that require the handling and transportation of goods. First of all, the heavy-duty fork arm left and right moving device of the present application adopts a combination of a linear motor 8 and a lifting electric cylinder 9, which not only ensures high-precision movement, but also improves the load capacity, and can meet various high-precision and heavy-load handling needs. Secondly, the mechanism of the present application is compact and space-saving, easy to operate, has low environmental requirements, and is convenient for maintenance, which greatly reduces the cost of use and maintenance and improves work efficiency. In addition, with the development trend of automation and intelligence, the requirements of logistics warehousing and manufacturing industries for handling equipment are also getting higher and higher. The heavy-duty fork arm left and right moving device of the present application can be seamlessly connected with other automated equipment and control systems to realize a fully automated handling process, improve production efficiency and reduce manual labor.
[0081] Compared with the prior art, the present technical solution mainly solves the problem of limited precision of the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 driven by the existing hydraulic cylinder. The conical guide wheel 4 of the present application closely matches the guide wheel groove 300, has high precision, and can meet the high-precision handling requirements. The problem that the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 driven by the existing hydraulic cylinder requires a large space is solved. The mechanism of the present application is compact and space-saving, and is suitable for occasions with limited space. The problem of limited load capacity of the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 driven by the existing motor screw is solved. The device of the present application has a high load capacity and can carry heavier goods. The problem that the left-right moving device of the fork arm 14 driven by the existing motor screw has high requirements for the operating environment is solved. The device of the present application has low environmental requirements and is easy to maintain.
[0082] Example 3 like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, this embodiment provides a forklift, including: a left-right moving unit, a lifting unit, and a motion unit; the left-right moving unit adopts the above-mentioned heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device; the lifting unit, the fixed end of the lifting unit is connected to the base 100, and the driving end is connected to the guide wheel groove 300, which is used to drive the left-right moving unit to rise and fall; the motion unit, the motion unit is arranged at the bottom of the base 100, and is used to drive the base 100 to move.
[0083] For example, an auxiliary power wheel 1001 is also provided at the bottom of the base 100 .
[0084] Of course, the embodiment of the present application only takes the lifting electric cylinder 9 as an example for explanation, and the lifting electric cylinder 9 of the forklift can also be hydraulically driven, electrically driven, pneumatically driven, chain driven, and other lifting drive modes. When selecting a specific drive mode, it is selected according to the needs to ensure the performance and safety of the forklift.
[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device, characterized in that: include: Base (100), A support column (200); the support column (200) is vertically arranged on the base (100); A guide wheel groove (300); the guide wheel groove (300) is arranged on the support column (200) in a transversely sliding manner; A left-right movable guide wheel (400); the left-right movable guide wheel (400) is movably mounted in the guide wheel groove (300) and is used to connect to the fork arm (14); a linear motor (8), wherein an output end of the linear motor (8) is connected to the fork arm (14) via a motor connector (11); the linear motor (8) drives the fork arm (14) and drives the left-right movable guide wheel (400) to move left-right in the guide wheel groove (300); The left-right movable guide wheel (400) comprises: a support wheel shaft (1), a support wheel (2), a guide wheel mounting member (3), a conical guide wheel (4) and a guide wheel shaft (5); the two conical guide wheels (4) are arranged on both sides of the guide wheel mounting member (3) via the guide wheel shaft (5); the support wheel (2) is arranged on the guide wheel mounting member (3) via the support wheel shaft (1), and the support wheel (2) is arranged between the two conical guide wheels (4); and the axes of the support wheel (2) and the guide wheel shaft (5) are perpendicular to each other.
2. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wheel groove (300) is further provided with a slide groove (301) in the transverse direction, and a connecting block (31) is provided on the guide wheel mounting member (3); the connecting block (31) extends out of the slide groove (301).
3. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The left-right movable guide wheel (400) also includes a guide wheel connecting block, which is connected to the connecting block (31), and the guide wheel connecting block is provided with a mounting hole (1401) for connecting the fork arm (14).
4. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fork arm (14) is provided with a plurality of groups of mounting holes (1401), and the plurality of groups of mounting holes (1401) correspond to a plurality of groups of left and right movable guide wheels (400).
5. The heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting wheel shaft (1) is installed vertically, and the guiding wheel shaft (5) is installed horizontally.
6. The heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting wheel (2) is cylindrical; the conical guide wheel (4) is truncated cone-shaped, and the two conical guide wheels (4) are installed in the same direction.
7. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least two groups of the guide wheel grooves (300) are provided, the at least two groups of the guide wheel grooves (300) are arranged in parallel, and both ends of the guide wheel grooves (300) are arranged in the vertical guide rails (201) of the support column (200); All the guide wheel grooves (300) are connected via a vertical connecting piece (302).
8. The heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 7, characterized in that: At least two left-right movable guide wheels (400) are arranged in the guide wheel groove (300), and each left-right movable guide wheel (400) is connected to a fork arm (14).
9. A heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to claim 8, characterized in that: All the left and right movable guide wheels (400) in the guide wheel groove (300) are installed in the same direction; The left and right movable guide wheels (400) in two groups of guide wheel grooves (300) adjacent to each other vertically are installed in opposite directions.
10. A forklift, characterized in that: include: A left-right moving unit, wherein the left-right moving unit adopts a heavy-duty fork arm left-right moving device according to any one of claims 1 to 9; A lifting unit, wherein a fixed end of the lifting unit is connected to the base (100), and a driving end is connected to the guide wheel groove (300), and is used to drive the left and right moving units to move up and down; A motion unit, the motion unit being arranged at the bottom of the base (100) and being used to drive the base (100) to move.