A material pre-dissolving device for aluminum electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic material dissolving equipment, and in particular to a material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising: a dissolving box, the dissolving box is connected to a compressed air storage chamber, a dissolving chamber is arranged in the dissolving box, and a flow pipe is arranged at the bottom of the dissolving chamber; the side walls of the dissolving chamber are provided with a radiation coating, a corrosion-resistant layer, a heating layer, a thermal insulation layer and a steel shell in sequence from the inside to the outside; a lifting component, the lifting component is used to drive the dissolving box to lift; a material storage component, the material storage component includes a material storage bin and a conveying mechanism; a stirring component; an air pressure regulating component, the air pressure regulating component includes a negative pressure mechanism and a boosting mechanism; by using the present invention, the material entering the aluminum electrolytic cell is already in a molten state, there is no need to worry about the problems of slow material dissolution, precipitation and dust, and the molten material can diffuse to the inter-electrode distance area more quickly after entering the electrolytic cell to participate in the electrolytic reaction, significantly reducing the anode effect coefficient and energy consumption, and improving the operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic material dissolving equipment, and in particular to a material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] When the aluminum electrolytic cell is in use, the feeding method is fixed-point feeding. During operation, a fixed amount of alumina powder is often directly put into the feeding point. Since the density of alumina powder is lower than that of molten electrolyte, it will float above the electrolyte to form a "raft". The alumina at the bottom of the "raft" will dissolve when it contacts the electrolyte, but the alumina above the "raft" will not dissolve naturally because it does not contact the electrolyte. In addition, since the dissolution process of alumina in the electrolyte absorbs heat, and the electrolyte exchanges heat with the surrounding air, the above situation will cause part of the electrolyte to solidify, so that part of the alumina particles will not have time to dissolve and will agglomerate and solidify with the electrolyte to form agglomerated particles.

[0003] The above two situations will greatly reduce the dissolution rate of alumina, making it difficult to ensure that alumina can be supplied to the inter-electrode area of ​​the aluminum electrolysis cell in a timely and sufficient manner. Especially when the anode effect occurs, the effect time will be prolonged due to the inability to quickly replenish alumina, which will destroy the thermal balance of the aluminum electrolysis cell and greatly increase energy consumption losses.

[0004] In addition, there are some technologies that use aluminum electrolytic cells to process solid waste to produce aluminum alloy products, such as the preparation method of an aluminum-manganese alloy with application number "CN110820017A"; the preparation method of an aluminum-copper alloy with application number "CN 110983380A"; the preparation method of an aluminum-silicon-iron alloy with application number "CN111005038A", etc. The raw materials used in the production process of these patents are aluminum-silicon overhaul slag, manganese-rich slag and copper-rich slag, etc., which are much slower than the dissolution rate of metallurgical-grade alumina in the electrolyte. If the same feeding method as alumina is used, it will inevitably cause an increase in precipitation, a decrease in the concentration of metal oxides in the electrolyte, and cause adverse conditions such as anode effect and voltage increase. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] A material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising:

[0008] A dissolution box, wherein the dissolution box is connected to a compressed air storage chamber, a dissolution chamber is provided in the dissolution box, and a flow pipe is provided at the bottom of the dissolution chamber;

[0009] The side wall of the dissolution chamber is provided with a radiation coating, a corrosion-resistant layer, a heating layer, a heat-insulating layer and a steel shell in sequence from the inside to the outside;

[0010] A lifting component, the lifting component is used to drive the dissolving box to move up and down;

[0011] A material storage component, the material storage component comprising a material storage bin and a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism being used to convey the material in the material storage bin to the dissolving chamber;

[0012] A stirring component, which is disposed in the dissolution chamber and is used to stir and mix the material and electrolyte in the dissolution chamber;

[0013] An air pressure regulating component, the air pressure regulating component includes a negative pressure mechanism and a boost mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism is used to draw the air in the dissolution chamber into the compressed air storage chamber, thereby generating a negative pressure in the dissolution chamber, thereby sucking the electrolyte in the aluminum electrolytic cell into the dissolution chamber through the flow pipe, and the boost mechanism is used to inject the air in the compressed air storage chamber into the dissolution chamber, thereby injecting a mixture of the material and the electrolyte in the dissolution chamber into the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0014] Preferably, the radiation coating is an aluminum-based coating, the corrosion-resistant layer is made of a silicon carbonitride composite material, the heating layer is a flexible electric heating sleeve, and the thermal insulation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

[0015] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a lifting push rod, which is connected to the top of the dissolving box and is used to drive the dissolving box to move up and down.

[0016] Preferably, the conveying mechanism includes a flexible tube and a feed pipe, the feed pipe is inserted into the dissolution box, the feed pipe and the dissolution chamber are connected to each other, and both ends of the flexible tube are respectively connected to the feed pipe and the material storage bin.

[0017] Preferably, the stirring assembly includes a stirring motor, a magnetic coupling, a main shaft, a stirring rod, a vibration mechanism and a heating mechanism. The stirring motor is arranged in the dissolution box, and the stirring motor is connected to the main shaft through a magnetic coupling. A plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the main shaft. The vibration mechanism is used to drive the stirring rod to vibrate at a low frequency and a high amplitude so as to effectively break up the aggregation of materials during the stirring process. The heating mechanism is arranged inside the stirring rod, and the heating mechanism is used to heat the stirring rod.

[0018] Preferably, the vibration mechanism includes an air motor, a connecting block and a transmission rod, the air motor is fixedly arranged inside the main shaft, the connecting block is arranged at the output end of the air motor, the connecting block is connected to a plurality of transmission rods, and the transmission rods are connected to the stirring rod.

[0019] Preferably, the heating mechanism comprises a heating rod, and the heating rod is arranged inside the stirring rod.

[0020] Preferably, the negative pressure mechanism includes an air suction compression pump, an air suction pipe and an air pressure pipe, the air suction pipe and the air pressure pipe are respectively connected to both ends of the air suction compression pump, the air suction compression pump is interconnected with the dissolution chamber through the air suction pipe, and the air suction compression pump is interconnected with the compressed air storage chamber through the air pressure pipe.

[0021] Preferably, the boosting mechanism comprises an air intake valve, and two ends of the air intake valve are respectively connected to the compressed air storage chamber and the dissolution chamber.

[0022] Preferably, a plurality of dissolving boxes are provided, and the plurality of dissolving boxes are arranged at equal intervals in the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by using the present invention, the material entering the aluminum electrolytic cell is already in a molten state, and there is no need to worry about problems such as slow dissolution of the material, precipitation and dust, and the molten material can diffuse more quickly to the inter-electrode distance area after entering the aluminum electrolytic cell to participate in the electrolysis reaction, significantly reducing the anode effect coefficient, maintaining the stability of the aluminum electrolytic cell operation, and significantly reducing energy consumption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the position structure of the dissolving box during production of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the dissolution box of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the main shaft of the present invention.

[0027] In the figure: 1 dissolving box, 2 compressed air storage room, 3 radiation coating, 4 corrosion-resistant layer, 5 heating layer, 6 insulation layer, 7 steel shell, 8 material storage bin, 9 lifting push rod, 10 flexible pipe, 11 feeding pipe, 12 stirring motor, 13 magnetic coupler, 14 main shaft, 15 stirring rod, 16 pneumatic motor, 17 connecting block, 18 transmission rod, 19 heating rod, 20 exhaust compression pump, 21 exhaust pipe, 22 compressed air pipe, 23 intake valve, 24 aluminum electrolytic cell, 101 dissolving chamber, 102 circulation pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] See also Figure 1-3 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0030] A material pre-dissolving device for aluminum electrolysis cell, as shown in the attached manual Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0031] Dissolution box 1, the dissolution box 1 is used for pre-dissolving the material. In the present embodiment, a plurality of dissolution boxes 1 are provided, and the plurality of dissolution boxes 1 are arranged at equal intervals on the aluminum electrolytic cell 24, so that multi-point feeding can be achieved. The dissolution box 1 is connected to a compressed air storage chamber 2, and the compressed air storage chamber 2 is used to store compressed air. A dissolution chamber 101 is provided in the dissolution box 1, and the dissolution chamber 101 is used for dissolving the material. A flow pipe 102 is provided at the bottom of the dissolution chamber 101, and the flow pipe 102 is used for inhaling and discharging the material (and electrolyte);

[0032] The side wall of the dissolving chamber 101 is provided with a radiation coating 3, a corrosion-resistant layer 4, a heating layer 5, a heat-insulating layer 6 and a steel shell 7 in sequence from the inside to the outside;

[0033] A lifting component, the lifting component is used to drive the dissolving box 1 to move up and down;

[0034] A material storage component, the material storage component includes a material storage bin 8 and a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is used to convey the material in the material storage bin 8 to the dissolving chamber 101;

[0035] A stirring component, which is disposed in the dissolution chamber 101 and is used to stir and mix the material and electrolyte in the dissolution chamber 101;

[0036] The air pressure regulating component includes a negative pressure mechanism and a boosting mechanism. The negative pressure mechanism is used to extract the air in the dissolution chamber 101 into the compressed air storage chamber 2, thereby generating a negative pressure in the dissolution chamber 101, thereby sucking the electrolyte in the aluminum electrolytic cell 24 into the dissolution chamber 101 through the circulation tube 102. The boosting mechanism is used to inject the air in the compressed air storage chamber 2 into the dissolution chamber 101, thereby injecting the mixture of the material and the electrolyte in the dissolution chamber 101 into the aluminum electrolytic cell 24.

[0037] In this embodiment, the radiation coating 3 is an aluminum-based coating, which has a reflective radiation effect, reduces the absorption of thermal radiation to the electrolyte, and reduces heat loss. In addition, the aluminum-based coating has good high temperature resistance and can form a dense aluminum oxide film with excellent corrosion resistance. When in use, the aluminum-based coating can form a protective film on the inner wall of the dissolution chamber 101 to prevent the inner wall from being corroded by fluorine-containing gas, and is particularly suitable for aluminum electrolysis equipment that is used for a long time;

[0038] The corrosion-resistant layer 4 is made of a silicon carbonitride composite material. Fluoride salt electrolytes (such as cryolite solution in the aluminum electrolytic cell 24) are usually highly corrosive and can quickly corrode conventional metal materials. The silicon carbonitride composite material can effectively reduce the corrosion of the substrate by the fluoride salt, thereby significantly improving the corrosion resistance of the inside of the dissolution chamber 101.

[0039] The heating layer 5 is a flexible electric heating sleeve, which is an existing technology and can be purchased according to actual conditions;

[0040] The insulation layer 6 is made of aluminum silicate fiber, which has excellent high temperature resistance and good thermal insulation properties, can effectively insulate, and has a low density and good thermal insulation effect. A steel shell 7 is arranged on the outside of the insulation layer 6, and the steel shell 7 mainly plays a role of protection and packaging.

[0041] The lifting assembly includes a lifting push rod 9. In this embodiment, the lifting push rod 9 is a pneumatic push rod. The lifting push rod 9 is connected to the top of the dissolving box 1 and is used to drive the dissolving box 1 to move up and down.

[0042] The conveying mechanism includes a flexible tube 10 and a feed pipe 11. The feed pipe 11 is inserted into the dissolution box 1. The feed pipe 11 and the dissolution chamber 101 are connected to each other. The two ends of the flexible tube 10 are respectively connected to the feed pipe 11 and the material storage bin 8. In this embodiment, the flexible tube 10 can be telescopically adjusted to adapt to the lifting and lowering during use.

[0043] The stirring assembly includes a stirring motor 12, a magnetic coupler 13, a main shaft 14, a stirring rod 15, a vibration mechanism and a heating mechanism. The stirring motor 12 is arranged in the dissolution box 1. The stirring motor 12 is a servo motor. The stirring motor 12 is connected to the main shaft 14 through the magnetic coupler 13. The magnetic coupler 13 is used to drive the rotation of the main shaft 14 through a strong magnetic field without directly contacting mechanical parts for transmission. The stirring motor 12 can be separated from the main shaft 14, thereby reducing friction and wear and extending the service life of the entire device. At the same time, it can also provide a smoother and more efficient stirring process, which is suitable for high temperature or highly corrosive environments. A plurality of stirring rods 15 are arranged on the main shaft 14. The vibration mechanism is used to drive the stirring rod 15 to vibrate at a low frequency and a high amplitude, thereby effectively breaking the aggregation of materials during the stirring process. The heating mechanism is arranged inside the stirring rod 15, and the heating mechanism is used to heat the stirring rod 15.

[0044] In this embodiment, two groups of stirring components are provided, the main shafts 14 in the two groups of stirring components rotate in opposite directions, and the stirring motor 12 switches directions at equal time periods, thereby generating countercurrent flow at equal time periods during use, thereby improving the dissolution rate and mixing uniformity through local disturbance.

[0045] The vibration mechanism includes an air motor 16, a connecting block 17 and a transmission rod 18. The air motor 16 is fixedly arranged inside the main shaft 14. The air motor 16 is connected to the compressed air storage chamber 2 through a pipeline. The connecting block 17 is connected to the output end of the air motor 16. The connecting block 17 is used to transfer the vibration output by the air motor 16 to the transmission rod 18. The connecting block 17 is connected to a plurality of transmission rods 18. One end of the transmission rod 18 is attached to the stirring rod 15. Therefore, when the transmission rod 18 vibrates, the stirring rod 15 will also vibrate.

[0046] The heating mechanism includes a heating rod 19 , and the heating rod 19 is disposed inside the stirring rod 15 .

[0047] The negative pressure mechanism includes an air suction compression pump 20, an air suction pipe 21 and an air pressure pipe 22. The air suction compression pump 20 is used to adjust the air pressure inside the dissolution chamber 101. The air suction pipe 21 and the air pressure pipe 22 are respectively connected to the two ends of the air suction compression pump 20. The air suction compression pump 20 is connected to the dissolution chamber 101 through the air suction pipe 21, and the air suction compression pump 20 is connected to the compressed air storage chamber 2 through the air pressure pipe 22.

[0048] The boost mechanism includes an air intake valve 23, which is an electromagnetic valve. The air intake valve 23 is opened to input the compressed air in the compressed air storage chamber 2 into the dissolution chamber 101. Both ends of the air intake valve 23 are respectively connected to the compressed air storage chamber 2 and the dissolution chamber 101.

[0049] Working principle: When in use, the dissolution box 1 is driven down by the lifting push rod 9, so that the circulation tube 102 is immersed in the electrolyte, the air inlet valve 23 is closed, and the air extraction compression pump 20 is started to compress the air in the dissolution chamber 101 into the compressed air storage chamber 2 through the air extraction pipe 21 and the air compression pipe 22. The air temperature will increase during this process. Since the dissolution chamber 101 is under negative pressure, the electrolyte will be sucked into the dissolution chamber 101, and then the dissolution box 1 will be driven to rise by the lifting push rod 9, and then the material storage bin 8 will be opened, and the material storage bin 8 will output a certain amount of material, and the material will enter the dissolution chamber 101 through the flexible tube 10 and the discharge tube 11. When the material is filled, the stirring motor 12 is started, and the stirring motor 12 will drive the main shaft 14 to rotate, thereby driving the stirring rod 15 to stir the material and the electrolyte. When stirring, the pneumatic motor 16 will also be started to generate low-frequency and high-amplitude vibration, so as to effectively break the aggregation of the material during the stirring process. In this embodiment, when stirring, the heating rod 19 will be started synchronously and then cooperate with the flexible electric heating sleeve to keep the temperature of the electrolyte and the material in the range of (950°C, 960°C].

[0050] It should be emphasized that during production, the pre-dissolution devices at two adjacent unloading points need to be used in conjunction. It is assumed here that two unloading points A and B are provided in the aluminum electrolytic cell 24, and each unloading point is provided with a material pre-dissolution device. When the dissolution chamber 101 at the unloading point A is extracting electrolyte, the dissolution chamber 101 at the unloading point B should discharge the electrolyte, so as to ensure that the height of the electrolyte in the aluminum electrolytic cell 24 remains unchanged.

[0051] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell, characterized in that: include: A dissolution box, wherein the dissolution box is connected to a compressed air storage chamber, a dissolution chamber is provided in the dissolution box, and a flow pipe is provided at the bottom of the dissolution chamber; The side wall of the dissolution chamber is provided with a radiation coating, a corrosion-resistant layer, a heating layer, a heat-insulating layer and a steel shell in sequence from the inside to the outside; A lifting component, the lifting component is used to drive the dissolving box to move up and down; A material storage component, the material storage component comprising a material storage bin and a conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism being used to convey the material in the material storage bin to the dissolving chamber; A stirring component, which is disposed in the dissolution chamber and is used to stir and mix the material and electrolyte in the dissolution chamber; An air pressure regulating component, the air pressure regulating component includes a negative pressure mechanism and a boost mechanism, the negative pressure mechanism is used to draw the air in the dissolution chamber into the compressed air storage chamber, thereby generating a negative pressure in the dissolution chamber, thereby sucking the electrolyte in the aluminum electrolytic cell into the dissolution chamber through the flow pipe, and the boost mechanism is used to inject the air in the compressed air storage chamber into the dissolution chamber, thereby injecting a mixture of the material and the electrolyte in the dissolution chamber into the aluminum electrolytic cell.

2. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation coating is an aluminum-based coating, the corrosion-resistant layer is made of a silicon carbonitride composite material, the heating layer is a flexible electric heating sleeve, and the thermal insulation layer is made of aluminum silicate fiber.

3. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a lifting push rod, which is connected to the top of the dissolving box and is used to drive the dissolving box to move up and down.

4. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying mechanism includes a flexible pipe and a feed pipe, the feed pipe is inserted into the dissolution box, the feed pipe and the dissolution chamber are connected to each other, and two ends of the flexible pipe are respectively connected to the feed pipe and the material storage bin.

5. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stirring assembly includes a stirring motor, a magnetic coupler, a main shaft, a stirring rod, a vibration mechanism and a heating mechanism. The stirring motor is arranged in the dissolution box. The stirring motor is connected to the main shaft through a magnetic coupler. A plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the main shaft. The vibration mechanism is used to drive the stirring rod to vibrate at a low frequency and a high amplitude so as to effectively break up the aggregation of materials during the stirring process. The heating mechanism is arranged inside the stirring rod, and the heating mechanism is used to heat the stirring rod.

6. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vibration mechanism includes an air motor, a connecting block and a transmission rod. The air motor is fixedly arranged inside the main shaft. The connecting block is arranged at the output end of the air motor. The connecting block is connected to a plurality of transmission rods, and the transmission rods are connected to the stirring rod.

7. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating mechanism comprises a heating rod, and the heating rod is arranged inside the stirring rod.

8. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The negative pressure mechanism includes an air suction compression pump, an air suction pipe and an air pressure pipe. The air suction pipe and the air pressure pipe are respectively connected to both ends of the air suction compression pump. The air suction compression pump is connected to the dissolution chamber through the air suction pipe, and the air suction compression pump is connected to the compressed air storage chamber through the air pressure pipe.

9. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurizing mechanism comprises an air intake valve, and two ends of the air intake valve are respectively connected to the compressed air storage chamber and the dissolution chamber.

10. The material pre-dissolving device for an aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are a plurality of dissolving boxes, which are arranged at equal intervals in the aluminum electrolysis cell.

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