Adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator and track slab floating track bed

Abstract

An adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator is clamped between an outer sleeve of a track plate and a foundation, comprises two cover plates and a rubber spring clamped between the two cover plates, and is characterized in that at least one cover plate is in spherical fit with the rubber spring, so that the cover plates can rotate relative to the rubber spring to adapt to an included angle between the track plate and the foundation. The vibration isolator can adapt to the ground condition to form horizontal supporting on the track plate, is high in bearing reliability, improves the supporting reliability of the vibration isolator on the track plate and the vibration isolation effectiveness of the vibration isolator, is simple in structure, is easy to form and install, can achieve adaptive installation between the track plates with different included angles and a foundation, is high in installation adaptability, and is suitable for large-scale popularization and application. And under the condition that the foundation is uneven or inclined, effective supporting and vibration isolation are achieved on the track plate, and practicability is high. The invention further provides a track slab floating track bed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator and a track plate floating ballast bed, belonging to the technical field of track vibration reduction and noise reduction. Background Art

[0002] At present, among many track vibration reduction measures, floating plate track vibration isolation is considered to be the best track vibration reduction form. Track vibration isolation separates the entire track bed from the foundation structure through the floating plate. Its main principle is to place the vibration isolator between the floating plate track bed and the foundation structure. The vibration isolator mainly includes rubber vibration isolator or steel spring vibration isolator. Because the floating plate track bed has inertial mass, the floating plate track bed can be used to offset part of the dynamic load generated by the vehicle during operation. The dynamic load and static load that are not offset will be transmitted to the foundation components through the vibration isolator, thereby achieving the effect of vibration reduction.

[0003] Rubber isolators are widely used because they are rust-proof, have a variety of shapes and structures, have high internal friction, are conducive to crossing the resonance zone, and have good attenuation of high-frequency vibrations and noise. They have better vibration reduction effects than steel spring isolators. In existing rubber isolators, the unevenness or tilt of the foundation will cause parallelism errors between the floating track plate and the foundation, forming an angle between the floating track plate and the foundation. The rubber spring isolator cannot adapt to the angle between the track plate and the foundation, which can easily cause the isolator to be partially suspended, causing the floating track plate to tilt after bearing, reducing the vibration isolation effect and support reliability. CN211848657U discloses a vibration isolator, an automatically aligning floating plate track bed isolator, which can achieve automatic alignment according to the installation position of the floating plate track bed, so that the load borne by the vibration isolator is always perpendicular to the pressure plate, which can achieve a good vibration isolation effect. Although the above scheme realizes the automatic centering of the vibration isolator, the spherical matching area between the ball stud and the pressure plate is small, the installation adaptability is limited, and the structure is complex. The bearing structure of the threaded connection between the outer sleeve of the anchor and the ball stud is not reliable and the practicality is not high. Summary of the invention

[0004] The adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator and track plate floating ballast provided by the present invention can adapt to the angle between the track plate and the foundation by rotating the cover plate on the rubber spring when there is an angle between the track plate and the foundation, can form horizontal support for the track plate according to ground conditions, have high load-bearing reliability, improve the support reliability of the vibration isolator for the track plate and the vibration isolation effectiveness of the vibration isolator, and have a simple structure, are easy to form and install, can realize adaptive installation between track plates and foundations with different angles, have high installation adaptability of the vibration isolator, can effectively support and isolate the track plate when the foundation is uneven or tilted, and have high practicality.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: The adaptive rubber spring isolator is sandwiched between the outer sleeve of the track plate and the foundation, and includes a cover plate and a rubber spring sandwiched between the two cover plates. The characteristic is that at least one cover plate is spherically matched with the rubber spring, so that the cover plate can rotate relative to the rubber spring to adapt to the angle between the track plate and the foundation.

[0006] Preferably, the cover plate is divided into an upper cover plate extending into the outer sleeve and abutting against the middle plate in the outer sleeve, and a lower cover plate in contact with the base and located below the upper cover plate. The rubber spring includes an upper end plate in contact with the upper cover plate, a lower end plate in contact with the lower cover plate, and a rubber layer vulcanized to connect the upper end plate and the lower end plate. The upper end plate is spherically matched with the upper cover plate and / or the lower end plate is spherically matched with the lower cover plate.

[0007] Preferably, the upper end plate and the lower end plate are both spherical panels, the top surface and the bottom surface of the rubber layer are both spherical surfaces, forming spherical vulcanized connections with the upper end plate and the lower end plate respectively, an upper contact spherical surface matching with the upper end plate is provided on the upper cover plate, and a lower contact spherical surface matching with the lower end plate is provided on the lower cover plate.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom surface of the upper cover plate has an upper concave cavity which is recessed upward, the upper contact spherical surface is arranged at the center of the top surface of the upper concave cavity, and the upper end plate extends into the upper concave cavity to cooperate with the upper contact spherical surface.

[0009] Preferably, the top surface of the lower cover plate has a lower concave cavity which is recessed downward and opposite to the upper concave cavity, the lower contact spherical surface is opened at the center of the bottom surface of the lower concave cavity, and the lower end plate extends into the lower concave cavity to cooperate with the lower contact spherical surface.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper concave cavity is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate can extend into the upper concave cavity as the rubber layer is compressed.

[0011] Preferably, the rubber layer comprises at least one layer of plywood, and the plywood is separated from and not in contact with the upper end plate and the lower end plate.

[0012] The track slab floating ballast comprises a track slab, an outer sleeve cast in the track slab and a spring isolator sandwiched between the outer sleeve and the foundation, wherein the spring isolator is the above-mentioned adaptive rubber spring isolator.

[0013] Preferably, a height-adjusting gasket is provided between the upper cover plate and the middle plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the invention are: In the adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator of the present invention, at least one cover plate and the rubber spring are spherically matched. When there is an angle between the track plate and the foundation, the angle between the track plate and the foundation is adapted by rotating the cover plate on the rubber spring, thereby avoiding partial suspension of the vibration isolator due to the parallelism error between the track plate and the foundation, so that the vibration isolator and the outer sleeve in the track plate and the foundation are all vertically contacted with each other, which can form horizontal support for the track plate according to ground conditions, has high load-bearing reliability, improves the support reliability of the vibration isolator for the track plate and the vibration isolation effectiveness of the vibration isolator, and has a simple structure, is easy to form and install, and can realize adaptive installation between track plates and foundations with different angles. The vibration isolator has high installation adaptability, effectively supports and isolates the track plate when the foundation is uneven or tilted, and has high practicality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the adaptive rubber spring isolator when only the upper cover plate and the spherical surface of the upper end plate are matched.

[0017] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the adaptive rubber spring isolator when only the lower cover plate and the spherical surface of the lower end plate are matched.

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of adaptive rubber spring isolator.

[0019] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the track plate floating ballast bed of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] Combine the following Figures 1 to 5 The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0021] The adaptive rubber spring isolator is sandwiched between the outer sleeve 2 of the track plate 1 and the foundation 3, and includes a cover plate 4 and a rubber spring 5 sandwiched between the two cover plates 4. The characteristic is that at least one cover plate 4 is spherically matched with the rubber spring 2, so that the cover plate 4 can rotate relative to the rubber spring 5 to adapt to the angle between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3.

[0022] In the adaptive rubber spring isolator described above, at least one cover plate 4 and the rubber spring 5 are spherically matched. When there is an angle between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3, the angle between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3 is adapted by rotating the cover plate 4 on the rubber spring 5, thereby avoiding partial suspension of the isolator due to the parallelism error between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3, so that the isolator and the outer sleeve 2 in the track plate and the foundation are all in vertical surface contact, which can form horizontal support for the track plate according to ground conditions, has high bearing reliability, improves the support reliability of the isolator for the track plate and the vibration isolation effectiveness of the isolator, and has a simple structure, is easy to form and install, and can realize adaptive installation between the track plate 1 and the foundation 2 with different angles. The isolator has high installation adaptability, and can effectively support and isolate the track plate when the foundation is uneven or tilted, and has high practicality.

[0023] The cover plate 4 is divided into an upper cover plate 41 extending into the outer sleeve 2 and abutting against the middle plate 21 in the outer sleeve 2, and a lower cover plate 42 in contact with the base 3 and located below the upper cover plate 41. The rubber spring 5 includes an upper end plate 51 in contact with the upper cover plate 41, a lower end plate 52 in contact with the lower cover plate 42, and a rubber layer 53 vulcanized between the upper end plate 51 and the lower end plate 52. The upper end plate 51 is spherically matched with the upper cover plate 41 and / or the lower end plate 52 is spherically matched with the lower cover plate 42. The rubber spring 5 is sandwiched between the upper cover plate 41 and the upper cover plate 42. The upper cover plate 41 is abutted against the middle plate 21 in the outer sleeve 2, and the upper cover plate 42 is in contact with the base. Figure 1 As shown, the vibration isolator can adopt a structure in which the upper cover plate 41 and the lower cover plate 42 are spherically matched with the upper end plate 51 and the lower end plate 52 respectively, and the upper and lower cover plates can be rotated relative to the ball rubber spring 5 to adapt to the angle between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3; Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the upper cover plate 41 or the lower cover plate 42 can also be used to form a spherical fit with the rubber spring 5. The upper cover plate 41 and the upper end plate 51 are spherically matched and can rotate relative to the ball rubber spring 5, or the lower cover plate 42 and the lower end plate 52 are spherically matched and can rotate relative to the ball rubber spring 5 to adapt to the angle between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3.

[0024] The upper end plate 51 and the lower end plate 52 are both spherical panels, the top and bottom surfaces of the rubber layer 53 are spherical surfaces, and are respectively connected to the upper end plate 51 and the lower end plate 52 by spherical vulcanization. The upper cover plate 41 is provided with an upper contact spherical surface 43 that matches the upper end plate 51, and the lower cover plate 42 is provided with a lower contact spherical surface 44 that matches the lower end plate 52. Figure 4As shown, the upper cover plate 41 forms a spherical fit with the upper end plate 51 through the upper contact spherical surface 43, and the upper cover plate 42 forms a spherical fit with the lower end plate 52 through the lower contact spherical surface 44. The upper and lower cover plates respectively form spherical fits with the rubber spring 5 and can rotate a certain angle relative to the rubber spring 5. The upper cover plate 51 and the lower end plate 52 in the rubber spring 5 respectively form a spherical vulcanized connection with the top surface and the bottom surface of the rubber layer 53, thereby ensuring the initial stiffness of the rubber spring 5 and improving the support reliability.

[0025] The bottom surface of the upper cover plate 41 has an upper concave cavity 411 that is concave upward, the upper contact spherical surface 43 is opened at the center of the top surface of the upper concave cavity 411, and the upper end plate 51 extends into the upper concave cavity 422 to cooperate with the upper contact spherical surface 43. The upper concave cavity 411 provides a flow space for the compression deformation of the rubber layer 53, so that the rubber spring 5 gradually increases stiffness as the load of the track plate 1 increases.

[0026] The top surface of the lower cover plate 42 has a lower concave cavity 421 which is concave downward and opposite to the upper concave cavity 411. The lower contact spherical surface 44 is provided at the center of the bottom surface of the lower concave cavity 421. The lower end plate 52 extends into the lower concave cavity 421 and cooperates with the lower contact spherical surface 44. The lower concave cavity 421 provides a flow space for the compression deformation of the rubber layer 53, so that the rubber spring 5 gradually increases stiffness as the load increases.

[0027] The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper cavity 411 is greater than the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower cover plate 42 , and the lower cover plate 42 can extend into the upper cavity 411 as the rubber layer 53 is compressed. When the track plate is loaded, the rubber layer 53 is compressed downward, the upper cover plate 41 moves downward, and the lower cover plate 42 extends into the upper concave cavity 411 as the rubber layer 53 is compressed. When the top surface of the lower cover plate 42 abuts against the top surface of the upper concave cavity 411, the upper cover plate 41 and the upper cover plate 42 form a rigid contact, and the vertical relative movement of the upper and lower cover plates is restricted. The vibration isolator forms a rigid support for the track plate 1, forming a vertical limit for the track plate 1, and during the compression of the rubber layer 53, the contact between the lower cover plate 42 and the side wall of the upper concave cavity 411 limits the horizontal relative movement of the upper and lower cover plates, forming a horizontal limit for the track plate 1, thereby forming an overload protection for the vibration isolator. The upper concave cavity 411 not only serves as a deformation outflow space when the rubber layer 53 is compressed, but also can form a rigid contact with the lower cover plate 42, forming a limit for the movement of the track plate 1, thereby ensuring the support reliability and effectiveness.

[0028] The rubber layer 53 has at least one layer of plywood 54, which is separated from the upper end plate 51 and the lower end plate 52. The plywood 54 is used to increase the rigidity of the rubber layer 53, and the thickness and number of plywood 54 can be designed according to the load-bearing requirements of the vibration isolator.

[0029] The present invention also protects a track slab floating ballast, comprising a track slab 1, an outer sleeve 2 cast in the track slab 1, and a spring isolator sandwiched between the outer sleeve 2 and a foundation 3, characterized in that the spring isolator is the adaptive rubber spring isolator described above.

[0030] The track plate floating ballast bed described above avoids partial suspension of the vibration isolator due to the parallelism error between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3, so that the vibration isolator, the outer sleeve 2 in the track plate and the foundation 3 are all in vertical surface contact cooperation, forming horizontal support for the track plate 1 according to the ground conditions, improving the support reliability of the vibration isolator for the track plate 1 and the vibration isolation effectiveness of the vibration isolator, effectively supporting and isolating the track plate when the foundation is uneven or tilted, and improving the stability of the track plate floating ballast bed.

[0031] There is a height-adjusting gasket 6 between the upper cover plate 41 and the middle plate 21. The height-adjusting gasket 6 is used to adjust the installation height of the adaptive rubber spring vibration isolator to adapt to the different height differences between the track plate 1 and the foundation 3, thereby ensuring the installation reliability of the vibration isolator.

[0032] The above is a complete description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The adaptive rubber spring isolator is sandwiched between the outer sleeve of the track plate and the foundation, and includes a cover plate and a rubber spring sandwiched between the two cover plates, and is characterized by: At least one cover plate is spherically matched with the rubber spring, so that the cover plate can rotate relative to the rubber spring to adapt to the angle between the track plate and the foundation.

2. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover plate is divided into an upper cover plate extending into the outer sleeve and abutting against the middle plate in the outer sleeve, and a lower cover plate in contact with the base and located below the upper cover plate. The rubber spring includes an upper end plate in contact with the upper cover plate, a lower end plate in contact with the lower cover plate, and a rubber layer vulcanized to connect the upper end plate and the lower end plate. The upper end plate is spherically matched with the upper cover plate and / or the lower end plate is spherically matched with the lower cover plate.

3. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end plate and the lower end plate are both spherical panels, the top and bottom surfaces of the rubber layer are both spherical surfaces, forming spherical vulcanized connections with the upper end plate and the lower end plate respectively, an upper contact spherical surface matching the upper end plate is arranged on the upper cover plate, and a lower contact spherical surface matching the lower end plate is arranged on the lower cover plate.

4. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 3, characterized in that: The bottom surface of the upper cover plate has an upper concave cavity which is recessed upwards, the upper contact spherical surface is arranged at the center of the top surface of the upper concave cavity, and the upper end plate extends into the upper concave cavity to cooperate with the upper contact spherical surface.

5. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top surface of the lower cover plate has a lower concave cavity which is concave downward and opposite to the upper concave cavity. The lower contact spherical surface is arranged at the bottom center of the lower concave cavity. The lower end plate extends into the lower concave cavity and cooperates with the lower contact spherical surface.

6. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cross-sectional area of ​​the upper concave cavity is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower cover plate, and the lower cover plate can extend into the upper concave cavity as the rubber layer is compressed.

7. The adaptive rubber spring isolator according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rubber layer has at least one layer of plywood, which is separated from and not in contact with the upper end plate and the lower end plate.

8. A track slab floating ballast bed, comprising a track slab, an outer sleeve cast in the track slab, and a spring isolator sandwiched between the outer sleeve and a foundation, characterized in that: The spring isolator is the adaptive rubber spring isolator according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The track slab floating ballast bed according to claim 1, characterized in that: A height-adjusting gasket is provided between the upper cover plate and the middle plate.

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