Dust collection device and method for anchor rod drilling construction

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of dust collection devices, and discloses a dust collection device for anchor rod drilling construction and a method thereof.The dust collection device comprises a high-negative-pressure dust collection cabinet used for generating negative pressure to collect dust, the upper portion of the high-negative-pressure dust collection cabinet communicates with a dust collection hose, and an air inlet port of the dust collection hose communicates with a dust collection cover through an arranged communicating piece; and a treatment mechanism for crushing fragments is arranged in the opening of the dust collection cover. Through cooperative design of the high-negative-pressure dust collection cabinet, the dust collection hose, the communicating piece, the dust collection cover and the processing mechanism, the dust collection effect is improved, the risk that falling fragments collide with the drill rod back and forth to damage the drill rod is reduced, and the situation that the fragments are accumulated in the dust collection box, so that a dust collection pipe opening is blocked, the dust collection effect is easily reduced, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged is avoided. And meanwhile, fragments falling into the dust collection box are affected by vibration during operation of the equipment and act force generated when the fragments make contact with the moving and rotating drill rod back and forth, and the risk that the touch section of the drilling drill rod vibrates and is damaged exists.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dust suction devices, in particular to a dust suction device and a method for anchor rod drilling construction. Background Art

[0002] Anchor rods are the most basic component of structural support in modern tunnels and coal mines. Coal mine excavation requires digging a large number of coal seam tunnels, and anchor drills are needed to drive drill rods to drill holes in the tunnel roof for anchor structure installation. A large amount of dust will be generated during the construction process of drilling holes in the tunnel roof by the anchor drill. The dust is easy to float in the tunnel and cause harm to the health of construction workers. In addition to the method of injecting water into the borehole to reduce dust, a dust suction device that cooperates with the anchor drill can also be used to clean the dust discharged from the borehole.

[0003] After searching, a Chinese patent discloses an anchor drilling dust collection device (publication number: CN204140009U), whose main structure includes a dust box, a collection bag and a reducer, a collection bag is installed in the dust box, an air box is arranged on the top of the dust box, a reducer is installed in the air box, one end of the reducer is connected to compressed air, a negative pressure branch is arranged at the smallest diameter part of the reducer, the negative pressure branch extends into the dust box, a coal powder filter bag is installed on the outside of the negative pressure branch, a dust suction pipe is connected to the collection bag, and the free end of the dust suction pipe is connected to the dust box.

[0004] In actual use, the above patent introduces compressed air into the reducer to generate negative pressure in the negative pressure branch pipe, which is connected to the dust collecting box, which is connected to the dust collecting box through the dust collecting pipe, so that the dust generated by the drilling rod when drilling can be collected through the dust collecting pipe. However, there are still corresponding disadvantages in actual use: when the anchor drill drives the drilling rod to vertically drill the roof of the coal seam tunnel, in addition to dust particles, slightly larger fragments will also be generated. When the above patent is used, although the negative pressure is Dust can be collected through the dust box under the action of negative pressure, but the weight and volume of the fragments are slightly larger than the dust particles, and it is not convenient to collect the fragments that fall into the dust box into the dust box through the negative pressure effect. The accumulation of fragments in the dust box is easy to block the dust suction pipe mouth, which can easily reduce the dust suction effect. At the same time, the fragments that fall into the dust box are affected by the vibration during the operation of the equipment and the force generated by the moving and rotating drilling rod when it touches back and forth. There is a risk of causing the contact section of the drilling rod to vibrate and be damaged, so it needs to be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues solved

[0006] In order to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides a dust suction device and method for anchor drilling construction, which has the advantages of convenient operation, good dust suction effect and high safety. Through the coordinated design of high-negative pressure dust collection cabinet, dust suction hose, connecting piece, dust collection hood, processing mechanism and other structures, the dust suction effect is improved, and the risk of damage to the drilling drill rod due to the back-and-forth collision of fallen fragments and the drill rod is reduced.

[0007] Technical Solution

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a dust suction device for anchor drilling construction, comprising a high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet for generating negative pressure to collect dust, a dust suction hose is connected to the top of the high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet, an air inlet port of the dust suction hose is connected to a dust collecting hood through a connecting piece, and a processing mechanism for crushing fragments is arranged in the opening of the dust collecting hood;

[0009] The processing mechanism includes a mounting shell that can be detachably mounted in the opening of the dust collecting cover, the upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell is cylindrical, the lower part of the inner cavity is inverted conical, an annular groove is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting shell, an annular shell is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the annular groove, a grinding block for cooperating with the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell to crush the fragments is movably mounted on the upper surface of the annular shell through a bearing, the grinding block is inverted conical, and a hexagonal sleeve is movably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mounting shell through a bearing. The top of the hexagonal sleeve penetrates to the upper part of the inner cavity of the grinding block, a driving rod is vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the hexagonal sleeve, the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell is circumferentially provided with connecting holes connected to the inner cavity of the dust collecting cover at equal intervals, the lower part of the grinding block is provided with a scraping mechanism for preventing dust and debris from clogging, the outer surface of the hexagonal sleeve is provided with a transmission mechanism for driving the grinding block to rotate, and the top of the inner cavity of the grinding block is provided with a clamping mechanism for limiting and fixing the driving rod;

[0010] Among them, when the high-negative-pressure dust collector is in operation, the connecting piece causes the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove to generate a negative pressure effect to drive the annular shell and drive the grinding block to move downward, the bottom end of the driving rod passes through the bottom of the dust cover, and the top end of the driving rod passes through the outside of the opening of the mounting shell, the top end of the driving rod is provided with a connecting hole for connecting with a drilling rod, the bottom end of the driving rod is connected to the output end of the anchor drilling rig, and when the anchor drilling rig is in operation, the driving rod is driven to rotate and move, so that the driving rod drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed for drilling, and when the driving rod rotates, the hexagonal socket is driven to rotate.

[0011] In the above technical solution, preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a group of transmission rods hingedly connected to the upper part of the outer surface of the inner hexagonal sleeve at circumferential equidistant intervals and a group of docking plates fixedly installed at the upper part of the inner cavity of the grinding block at circumferential equidistant intervals;

[0012] A docking block is fixedly installed on one end of the transmission rod away from the hexagonal socket, and the side wall of the docking block is movably connected to the side wall of the docking plate. A tension spring is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the transmission rod, and the other end of the tension spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hexagonal socket.

[0013] In the above technical solution, preferably, the scraping mechanism includes two slide grooves symmetrically opened at the lower part of the outer surface of the grinding block, a spring telescopic rod transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove and capable of moving up and down, a scraper fixed at the output end of the spring telescopic rod for cleaning the fragments blocking the connecting hole, and a linkage mechanism A arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove and the inner cavity of the annular shell for driving the scraper to move up and down.

[0014] In the above technical scheme, preferably, the linkage mechanism A includes an outer gear ring fixedly mounted on the inner side of the inner cavity of the annular shell, a gear arranged in the inner cavity of the annular shell and meshing with the outer gear ring, and a reciprocating screw vertically fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the gear for driving the spring telescopic rod to move up and down; the top of the reciprocating screw is movably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the slide groove through a bearing.

[0015] In the above technical solution, preferably, the clamping mechanism includes an annular block fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the grinding block, two chucks symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the annular block for clamping and fixing the driving rod, and a linkage mechanism B arranged on the outer surface of the hexagonal sleeve for driving the chuck to move.

[0016] In the above technical solution, preferably, the linkage mechanism B comprises a connecting block movably sleeved on the upper part of the hexagonal sleeve through a bearing, two sliders symmetrically and laterally slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the annular block, and a connecting rod for connecting the connecting block with the slider;

[0017] The opposite surfaces of the two sliders are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the chuck, and the two ends of the connecting rod are respectively hinged to the outer surface of the annular block and the bottom surface of the slider.

[0018] In the above technical solution, preferably, the connecting part includes a valve shell arranged on one side of the outer surface of the dust collecting hood and connected with the air inlet port of the dust suction hose, two branch valve pipes for connecting the inner cavity of the valve shell with the lower part of the inner cavity of the dust collecting hood, and an exhaust pipe for connecting the inner cavity of the valve shell with the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove.

[0019] In the above technical solution, preferably, two compression springs are symmetrically and vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the annular shell, and the upper and lower ends of the compression springs are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular shell and the inner cavity bottom surface of the annular groove.

[0020] In the above technical solution, preferably, an air bag ring for fitting with the roof of the coal mine tunnel is fixedly installed circumferentially on the upper surface of the mounting shell, and air holes are equidistantly opened on the outer surface of the air bag ring.

[0021] A dust collection method for anchor drilling construction includes the following steps:

[0022] S1: insert the drilling rod into the connection hole at the top of the driving rod and fix it, then fit the airbag ring to the top of the tunnel, connect the connecting block to the top of the tunnel by screws to fix the dust cover, and connect the bottom end of the driving rod to the output end of the anchor drill, start the high negative pressure dust collector, and generate a negative pressure effect in the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove through the connecting piece to drive the annular shell to drive the grinding block to move downward;

[0023] S2: When the anchor drill drives the driving rod to rotate and feed at high speed, the driving rod drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed to drill holes. At the same time, the high-speed rotation of the driving rod can drive the hexagonal socket to rotate at high speed. The hexagonal socket can drive the transmission rod and the docking block to perform high-speed circumferential motion. Under the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed motion, the docking block can move outward and combine with the docking plate, so as to drive the grinding block to rotate and grind the broken pieces. When the anchor drill drives the driving rod to rotate and drive the drilling rod to drill holes, it encounters greater resistance and the rotation speed is low, and the centrifugal force is reduced. Under the tension of the tension spring, the docking block can be separated from the docking plate, so as to reduce the operating load of the anchor drill and avoid damage to the equipment.

[0024] S3: When the grinding block rotates, it drives the reciprocating screw to move circumferentially. Under the interaction between the gear and the outer gear ring, the reciprocating screw can rotate while moving circumferentially. When the reciprocating screw rotates, it can drive the spring telescopic rod to move up and down, and the spring telescopic rod can drive the scraper to move up and down. At the same time, when the grinding block rotates, it can drive the scraper to move circumferentially, so that the scraper can scrape the fragments at the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell, and can drive the fragments to move, thereby improving the efficiency of the grinding block in crushing the fragments and preventing the fragments from clogging the connecting hole;

[0025] S4: When the drilling rod is rotated and extended into the borehole, the operator needs to extend the drilling rod by connecting the rod, and the operation of the high negative pressure dust collector is closed. Under the elastic force of the compression spring, the annular shell can be driven to drive the grinding block to move upward. During the upward movement of the grinding block, under the action of the connecting rod and the slider, the two chucks can be driven to approach each other to clamp and fix the driving rod, thereby avoiding the rotation and shaking of the driving rod when the drilling rod is separated and the connecting rod is installed, which affects the effect and efficiency of the drilling rod connecting rod.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0028] 1. The present invention adopts the coordinated design of structures such as a high-negative-pressure dust collecting cabinet, a dust collecting hose, a connecting piece, a dust collecting hood, and a processing mechanism. The drilling rod is inserted into the connecting hole at the top of the driving rod and fixed, and the bottom end of the driving rod is connected and fixed to the output end of the anchor drilling machine. The operation of the high-negative-pressure dust collecting cabinet generates a negative pressure effect at the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove to drive the annular shell to drive the grinding block to move downward. When the anchor drilling machine drives the driving rod to rotate and feed at high speed, the driving rod drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed to drill holes. At the same time, the high-speed rotation of the driving rod can drive the hexagonal socket to rotate at high speed. The centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the hexagonal socket can drive the transmission mechanism to operate, thereby driving the grinding block to rotate and cooperate with the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell to remove the fallen The fragments are crushed, and the negative pressure generated by the high-negative pressure dust collector can collect the dust particles and fragment particles that fall into the dust hood into the high-negative pressure dust collector through the dust suction hose and the connecting piece, thereby improving the dust suction effect and reducing the risk of the drilling drill rod being damaged by the falling fragments colliding back and forth with the drilling drill rod. This solves the problem that the traditional dust suction device in the prior art is not convenient for collecting the fragments that fall into the dust box into the dust box through the negative pressure action, and the accumulation of fragments in the dust box is easy to block the dust suction pipe mouth, which is easy to reduce the dust suction effect. At the same time, the fragments that fall into the dust box are affected by the vibration during the operation of the equipment and the force generated when the moving and rotating drilling drill rod touches back and forth, and there is a risk of causing the touching section of the drilling drill rod to vibrate and be damaged.

[0029] 2. The present invention adopts the coordinated design of the grinding block, the scraping mechanism and other structures. When the grinding block rotates, it can drive the scraper and the reciprocating screw to move circumferentially. Under the interaction between the gear and the outer ring gear, the reciprocating screw can rotate while moving circumferentially. The rotation of the reciprocating screw can drive the spring telescopic rod to move up and down reciprocatingly. The spring telescopic rod can drive the scraper to move up and down while moving circumferentially, scraping the fragments in the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell, and can drive the fragments to move, thereby improving the efficiency of the grinding block in crushing the fragments, avoiding the fragments from clogging the connecting hole, and further improving the dust collection effect.

[0030] 3. The present invention adopts the coordinated design of the grinding block, the clamping mechanism, the hexagonal socket and other structures. When the drilling rod is rotated and extended into the drill hole, when the operator needs to extend the drilling rod by connecting the rod, by closing the operation of the high-negative pressure dust collector, the annular shell can be driven to move the grinding block upward under the elastic force of the compression spring. During the upward movement of the grinding block, the two chucks can be driven close to each other to clamp and fix the driving rod under the action of the connecting rod and the slider, thereby avoiding the rotation and shaking of the driving rod when the drilling rod is separated and the connecting rod is installed, which affects the effect and efficiency of the drilling rod connecting rod, and can improve the stability of the drilling rod when connecting the rod. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 It is a partial front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the connecting piece, the dust collecting cover and the processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the top view of the processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a side structural schematic diagram of the processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a partial front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the processing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of the hexagon socket and the transmission mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the grinding block and the scraping mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 It is a partial front cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the hexagon socket and the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first state of the grinding block, the hexagon socket, the transmission mechanism and the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the second state structure of the grinding block, the hexagon socket, the transmission mechanism and the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the grinding block, the hexagon socket, the transmission mechanism and the clamping mechanism of the present invention in the third state;

[0042] Fig.12 It is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the grinding block, connecting hole, drilling rod, sealing ring and driving rod of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. high negative pressure dust collector; 2. dust suction hose; 3. connecting piece; 31. valve housing; 32. branch valve pipe; 33. exhaust pipe; 4. dust hood; 5. processing mechanism; 51. mounting shell; 52. annular groove; 53. annular shell; 54. grinding block; 55. inner hexagon socket; 56. connecting hole; 57. driving rod; 6. scraping mechanism; 61. slide groove; 62. spring telescopic rod; 63. scraper; 64. linkage mechanism A; 641. outer gear ring; 642. gear; 643. reciprocating screw; 7. transmission mechanism; 71. transmission rod; 72. docking plate; 73. docking block; 74. tension spring; 8. clamping mechanism; 81. annular block; 82. chuck; 83. linkage mechanism B; 831. connecting block; 832. slider; 833. connecting rod; 9. compression spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, the present invention provides a dust suction device for anchor drilling construction, including a high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet 1 for generating negative pressure to collect dust. The high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet 1 is a prior art, and its structure and principle are not repeated here. A dust suction hose 2 is connected to the top of the high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet 1, and the air inlet port of the dust suction hose 2 is connected to a dust collecting hood 4 through a connecting piece 3. A processing mechanism 5 for crushing fragments is arranged in the opening of the dust collecting hood 4;

[0046] The processing mechanism 5 includes a mounting shell 51 which can be detachably mounted in the opening of the dust collecting cover 4. The upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51 is cylindrical, and the lower part of the inner cavity is inverted conical. An annular groove 52 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51. An annular shell 53 is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the annular groove 52. A grinding block 54 for cooperating with the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51 to crush the fragments is movably mounted on the upper surface of the annular shell 53 through a bearing. The grinding block 54 is inverted conical. A hexagonal socket 55 is movably mounted on the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51 through a bearing. The top of the hexagon socket 55 penetrates to the upper part of the inner cavity of the grinding block 54, and a driving rod 57 is vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the hexagon socket 55. The lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51 is provided with connecting holes 56 connected to the inner cavity of the dust collecting cover 4 at equidistant intervals in the circumferential direction. The lower part of the grinding block 54 is provided with a scraping mechanism 6 for preventing dust and debris from clogging. The outer surface of the hexagon socket 55 is provided with a transmission mechanism 7 for driving the grinding block 54 to rotate. The top of the inner cavity of the grinding block 54 is provided with a clamping mechanism 8 for limiting and fixing the driving rod 57.

[0047] Two compression springs 9 are symmetrically arranged vertically on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the annular shell 53, and the upper and lower ends of the compression spring 9 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular shell 53 and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the annular groove 52 respectively;

[0048] Among them, when the high negative pressure dust collector 1 is in operation, the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove 52 generates a negative pressure effect through the connecting piece 3 to drive the annular shell 53 to drive the grinding block 54 to move downward, and the bottom end of the driving rod 57 passes through the bottom of the dust collecting cover 4, and the top end of the driving rod 57 passes through the opening of the mounting shell 51. The top end of the driving rod 57 is provided with a connecting hole for connecting with a drilling rod, and the drilling rod is threadedly connected to the inner cavity of the connecting hole. The bottom end of the driving rod 57 is connected to the output end of the anchor drilling rig. When the anchor drilling rig is in operation, the driving rod 57 is driven to rotate and move, so that the driving rod 57 drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed for drilling, and when the driving rod 57 rotates, the hexagonal sleeve 55 is driven to rotate, and a sealing ring is slidingly sleeved on the outer surface of the driving rod 57, and the outer ring of the sealing ring is movably connected to the upper surface of the grinding block 54 through a bearing. The sealing ring can block dust to prevent dust from entering the inner cavity of the grinding block 54 and affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0049] When in use, the drilling rod is inserted into the connecting hole at the top of the driving rod 57 and fixed, and the bottom end of the driving rod 57 is connected and fixed to the output end of the anchor drilling machine. The operation of the high negative pressure dust collector 1 causes the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove 52 to generate a negative pressure effect to drive the annular shell 53 to drive the grinding block 54 to move downward. When the anchor drilling machine drives the driving rod 57 to rotate and feed at high speed, the driving rod 57 drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed to drill holes. At the same time, the high-speed rotation of the driving rod 57 can drive the hexagonal socket 55 to rotate at high speed. The centrifugal force generated by the high-speed rotation of the hexagonal socket 55 can drive the transmission mechanism 7 to operate, thereby driving the grinding block 54 to rotate and cooperate with the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51 to crush the fallen fragments. The negative pressure generated by the high-negative pressure dust collector 1 can collect the dust particles and fragment particles falling into the dust hood 4 into the high-negative pressure dust collector 1 through the dust suction hose 2 and the connecting piece 3, thereby improving the dust suction effect and reducing the risk of the falling fragments colliding with the drilling rod and damaging the drilling rod.

[0050] It should be noted that when the grinding block 54 rotates to crush the fallen fragments, it can drive the scraping mechanism 6 to operate, scrape the fragments in the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51, and drive the fragments to move, thereby improving the efficiency of the grinding block 54 in crushing the fragments, avoiding the fragments from clogging the connecting hole 56, and further improving the dust collection effect.

[0051] It is worth mentioning that when the drilling rod is rotated and extended into the borehole, when the operator needs to extend the drilling rod by connecting the connecting rod, by closing the operation of the high negative pressure dust collector 1, the annular shell 53 can be driven to drive the grinding block 54 to move upward under the elastic force of the compression spring 9. During the upward movement of the grinding block 54, the clamping mechanism 8 can be driven to clamp and fix the driving rod 57, which can improve the stability of the drilling rod connecting rod and avoid the driving rod 57 from rotating and shaking when the drilling rod is separated and the connecting rod is added, which affects the effect and efficiency of the drilling rod connecting rod.

[0052] like Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the transmission mechanism 7 includes a group of transmission rods 71 ​​circumferentially equidistantly hinged on the upper outer surface of the inner hexagonal sleeve 55 and a group of docking plates 72 circumferentially equidistantly fixedly installed on the upper inner cavity of the grinding block 54;

[0053] A docking block 73 is fixedly installed on one end of the transmission rod 71 away from the hexagonal socket 55, and the side wall of the docking block 73 is movably connected to the side wall of the docking plate 72. A tension spring 74 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the transmission rod 71, and the other end of the tension spring 74 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hexagonal socket 55.

[0054] When in use, when the driving rod 57 rotates at high speed to drive the hexagonal socket 55 to rotate at high speed, the hexagonal socket 55 can drive the transmission rod 71 and the docking block 73 to move in a high-speed circumferential direction. Under the action of the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed movement, the docking block 73 can move outward and combine with the docking plate 72, thereby driving the grinding block 54 to rotate to crush and grind the fragments.

[0055] It should be noted that when the anchor drill drives the driving rod 57 to drive the drilling rod to drill a hole and encounters greater resistance at a lower speed, the centrifugal force is reduced, and under the pulling force of the tension spring 74, the docking block 73 can be separated from the docking plate 72, thereby reducing the operating load of the anchor drill and avoiding damage to the equipment.

[0056] like Figure 7 As shown, the scraping mechanism 6 includes two slide grooves 61 symmetrically opened at the lower part of the outer surface of the grinding block 54, a spring telescopic rod 62 transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove 61 and capable of moving up and down, a scraper 63 fixed to the output end of the spring telescopic rod 62 for cleaning the fragments blocking the connecting hole 56, and a linkage mechanism A64 arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove 61 and the inner cavity of the annular shell 53 for driving the scraper 63 to move up and down.

[0057] When in use, the rotation of the grinding block 54 can drive the scraper 63 to move circumferentially, and the linkage mechanism A64 can drive the spring telescopic rod 62 to move back and forth up and down. The spring telescopic rod 62 can drive the scraper 63 to move up and down, so that the scraper 63 can efficiently scrape and clean the fragments to avoid blockage.

[0058] like Figure 7 As shown, the linkage mechanism A64 includes an outer gear ring 641 fixedly mounted on the inner side of the inner cavity of the annular shell 53, a gear 642 arranged in the inner cavity of the annular shell 53 and meshing with the outer gear ring 641, and a reciprocating screw 643 vertically fixedly installed in the middle of the top surface of the gear 642 for driving the spring telescopic rod 62 to move up and down; the top of the reciprocating screw 643 is movably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the slide groove 61 through a bearing.

[0059] When in use, the grinding block 54 rotates to drive the reciprocating screw 643 to move circumferentially. Under the interaction between the gear 642 and the outer ring gear 641, the reciprocating screw 643 can rotate while moving circumferentially, so as to continuously drive the scraper 63 to move up and down to scrape and clean the broken pieces.

[0060] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11As shown, the clamping mechanism 8 includes an annular block 81 fixedly mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity of the grinding block 54, two chucks 82 symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the annular block 81 for clamping and fixing the driving rod 57, and a linkage mechanism B83 arranged on the outer surface of the hexagonal socket 55 for driving the chuck 82 to move.

[0061] During use, when the grinding block 54 moves upward, the linkage mechanism B83 can drive the two chucks 82 to clamp and fix the driving rod 57, which can prevent the driving rod 57 from rotating and shaking when the drilling rod is equipped with a connecting rod, thereby affecting the effect and efficiency of the drilling rod connecting rod, and can improve the stability of the drilling rod connecting rod.

[0062] like Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.11 As shown, the linkage mechanism B83 includes a connecting block 831 movably mounted on the upper part of the hexagonal sleeve 55 through a bearing, two sliders 832 symmetrically and laterally slidably mounted on the bottom surface of the annular block 81, and a connecting rod 833 for connecting the connecting block 831 with the slider 832;

[0063] The opposite surfaces of the two sliders 832 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the clamp 82 , and the two ends of the connecting rod 833 are hinged to the outer surface of the annular block 81 and the bottom surface of the slider 832 , respectively.

[0064] During use, when the grinding block 54 moves upward, under the action of the connecting rod 833 and the sliding block 832 , the two clamps 82 can be driven to approach each other to clamp and fix the driving rod 57 .

[0065] like Figure 2 As shown, the connecting piece 3 includes a valve shell 31 arranged on one side of the outer surface of the dust collecting hood 4 and connected to the air inlet port of the dust suction hose 2, two branch valve pipes 32 for connecting the inner cavity of the valve shell 31 with the lower part of the inner cavity of the dust collecting hood 4, and an exhaust pipe 33 for connecting the inner cavity of the valve shell 31 with the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove 52.

[0066] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an air bag ring for fitting with the roof of the coal mine tunnel is fixedly installed circumferentially on the upper surface of the mounting shell 51, and air holes are equidistantly provided on the outer surface of the air bag ring. Connecting blocks for fixing the dust hood 4 to the top of the tunnel by screws are fixedly installed circumferentially on the outer surface of the dust hood 4 at equidistant intervals.

[0067] When in use, the dust collecting hood 4 is fixed by connecting the connecting block to the tunnel roof through screws, and the top surface of the airbag ring contacts the tunnel roof with a high degree of fit, which can avoid air and dust leakage.

[0068] A dust collection method for anchor drilling construction includes the following steps:

[0069] S1: Insert the drilling rod into the connection hole at the top of the driving rod 57 and fix it, then fit the airbag ring to the top of the tunnel, connect the connecting block to the top of the tunnel by screws to fix the dust cover 4, and connect the bottom end of the driving rod 57 to the output end of the anchor drill, start the high negative pressure dust collector 1, and generate negative pressure in the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove 52 through the connecting piece 3 to drive the annular shell 53 to drive the grinding block 54 to move downward;

[0070] S2: When the anchor drill drives the driving rod 57 to rotate and feed at high speed, the driving rod 57 drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed to drill holes. At the same time, the high-speed rotation of the driving rod 57 can drive the hexagon socket 55 to rotate at high speed. The hexagon socket 55 can drive the transmission rod 71 and the docking block 73 to perform high-speed circumferential motion. Under the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed motion, the docking block 73 can move outward and combine with the docking plate 72, so as to drive the grinding block 54 to rotate to crush and grind the broken pieces. When the anchor drill drives the driving rod 57 to rotate and drive the drilling rod to drill holes, the rotation speed is low and the centrifugal force is reduced. Under the pulling force of the tension spring 74, the docking block 73 can be separated from the docking plate 72, so as to reduce the operating load of the anchor drill and avoid damage to the equipment.

[0071] S3: When the grinding block 54 rotates, it drives the reciprocating screw 643 to move circumferentially. Under the interaction between the gear 642 and the outer gear ring 641, the reciprocating screw 643 can rotate while moving circumferentially. When the reciprocating screw 643 rotates, it can drive the spring telescopic rod 62 to move up and down. The spring telescopic rod 62 can drive the scraper 63 to move up and down. At the same time, when the grinding block 54 rotates, it can drive the scraper 63 to move circumferentially, so that the scraper 63 can scrape the fragments at the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell 51, and can drive the fragments to move, thereby improving the efficiency of the grinding block 54 in crushing the fragments and preventing the fragments from clogging the connecting hole 56;

[0072] S4: After the drilling rod is rotated and extended into the borehole, when the operator needs to extend the drilling rod by connecting the rod, the high negative pressure dust collector 1 is turned off, and the annular shell 53 can be driven to drive the grinding block 54 to move upward under the elastic force of the compression spring 9. During the upward movement of the grinding block 54, under the action of the connecting rod 833 and the slider 832, the two chucks 82 can be driven to approach each other to clamp and fix the driving rod 57, thereby avoiding the driving rod 57 from rotating and shaking when the drilling rod is separated and the connecting rod is installed, which affects the effect and efficiency of the drilling rod connecting rod, and improves the stability of the drilling rod when connecting the rod.

[0073] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0074] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction, characterized in that: It comprises a high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet (1) for generating negative pressure to collect dust, wherein a dust suction hose (2) is connected to the top of the high negative pressure dust collecting cabinet (1), an air inlet port of the dust suction hose (2) is connected to a dust collecting hood (4) via a connecting piece (3), and a processing mechanism (5) for crushing fragments is arranged in the opening of the dust collecting hood (4); The processing mechanism (5) comprises a mounting shell (51) which is detachably mounted in the opening of the dust collecting cover (4); the upper part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell (51) is cylindrical, and the lower part of the inner cavity is inverted conical; the inner cavity bottom of the mounting shell (51) is provided with an annular groove (52); an annular shell (53) is slidably mounted in the inner cavity of the annular groove (52); a grinding block (54) for cooperating with the inner cavity lower part of the mounting shell (51) to crush the fragments is movably mounted on the upper surface of the annular shell (53) via a bearing; the grinding block (54) is inverted conical; a hexagonal socket (55) is movably mounted on the inner cavity bottom surface of the mounting shell (51) via a bearing; The top of the hexagon socket (55) penetrates to the upper part of the inner cavity of the grinding block (54); a driving rod (57) is vertically slidably installed in the inner cavity of the hexagon socket (55); the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell (51) is provided with connecting holes (56) connected to the inner cavity of the dust collecting cover (4) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction; the lower part of the grinding block (54) is provided with a scraping mechanism (6) for preventing dust and debris from clogging; the outer surface of the hexagon socket (55) is provided with a transmission mechanism (7) for driving the grinding block (54) to rotate; and the top of the inner cavity of the grinding block (54) is provided with a clamping mechanism (8) for limiting and fixing the driving rod (57); When the high negative pressure dust collector (1) is in operation, the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove (52) generates a negative pressure effect through the connecting piece (3) to drive the annular shell (53) to drive the grinding block (54) to move downward, the bottom end of the driving rod (57) penetrates to the bottom of the dust collecting cover (4), and the top end of the driving rod (57) penetrates to the outside of the opening of the mounting shell (51), and the top end of the driving rod (57) is provided with a connecting hole for connecting with a drilling rod, and the bottom end of the driving rod (57) is connected to the output end of the anchor drilling machine. When the anchor drilling machine is in operation, the driving rod (57) is driven to rotate and move, so that the driving rod (57) drives the drilling rod to rotate and feed for drilling, and when the driving rod (57) rotates, it drives the hexagonal socket (55) to rotate.

2. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission mechanism (7) comprises a group of transmission rods (71) circumferentially equidistantly hinged on the upper part of the outer surface of the inner hexagonal sleeve (55) and a group of docking plates (72) circumferentially equidistantly fixedly mounted on the upper part of the inner cavity of the grinding block (54); A docking block (73) is fixedly mounted on one end of the transmission rod (71) away from the hexagonal socket (55), and a side wall of the docking block (73) is movably connected to a side wall of the docking plate (72). A tension spring (74) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the transmission rod (71), and the other end of the tension spring (74) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the hexagonal socket (55).

3. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping mechanism (6) comprises two slide grooves (61) symmetrically arranged at the lower part of the outer surface of the grinding block (54), a spring telescopic rod (62) transversely arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove (61) and capable of moving up and down, a scraper (63) fixed to the output end of the spring telescopic rod (62) for cleaning the broken pieces blocking the connecting hole (56), and a linkage mechanism A (64) arranged in the inner cavity of the slide groove (61) and the inner cavity of the annular shell (53) for driving the scraper (63) to move up and down.

4. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism A (64) comprises an outer gear ring (641) fixedly mounted on the inner side of the inner cavity of the annular shell (53), a gear (642) arranged in the inner cavity of the annular shell (53) and meshing with the outer gear ring (641), and a reciprocating screw (643) vertically fixedly mounted in the middle of the top surface of the gear (642) for driving the spring telescopic rod (62) to move up and down; the top of the reciprocating screw (643) is movably connected to the top surface of the inner cavity of the slide groove (61) through a bearing.

5. The dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping mechanism (8) comprises an annular block (81) fixedly mounted on the top surface of the inner cavity of the grinding block (54), two chucks (82) symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom of the annular block (81) for clamping and fixing the driving rod (57), and a linkage mechanism B (83) arranged on the outer surface of the hexagonal socket (55) for driving the chuck (82) to move.

6. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The linkage mechanism B (83) comprises a connection block (831) movably mounted on the upper part of the hexagonal sleeve (55) through a bearing, two sliders (832) symmetrically mounted on the bottom surface of the annular block (81) for transverse sliding movement, and a connection rod (833) for connecting the connection block (831) with the sliders (832); The opposite surfaces of the two sliders (832) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the chuck (82), and the two ends of the connecting rod (833) are respectively hinged to the outer surface of the annular block (81) and the bottom surface of the slider (832).

7. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting piece (3) comprises a valve housing (31) arranged on one side of the outer surface of the dust collecting hood (4) and connected to the air inlet port of the dust collecting hose (2), two branch valve pipes (32) for connecting the inner cavity of the valve housing (31) with the lower part of the inner cavity of the dust collecting hood (4), and an exhaust pipe (33) for connecting the inner cavity of the valve housing (31) with the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove (52).

8. The dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two compression springs (9) are symmetrically and vertically arranged on the left and right sides of the bottom surface of the annular shell (53), and the upper and lower ends of the compression spring (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the annular shell (53) and the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the annular groove (52).

9. A dust suction device for anchor drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air bag ring for fitting with the roof of a coal mine tunnel is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the mounting shell (51) in the circumferential direction, and the outer surface of the air bag ring is provided with air holes equidistantly arranged in the circumferential direction.

10. A dust removal method for anchor drilling construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The usage steps include the following: S1: insert the drilling rod into the connection hole at the top of the driving rod (57) and fix it, then fit the airbag ring to the top of the tunnel, connect the connecting block to the top of the tunnel by screws to fix the dust cover (4), and connect the bottom end of the driving rod (57) to the output end of the anchor drilling machine, start the high negative pressure dust collector (1), and generate a negative pressure effect in the lower part of the inner cavity of the annular groove (52) through the connecting piece (3) to drive the annular shell (53) to drive the grinding block (54) to move downward; S2: When the anchor drill drives the driving rod (57) to rotate and feed at high speed, the driving rod (57) drives the drill rod to rotate and feed to drill holes. At the same time, the high-speed rotation of the driving rod (57) can drive the hexagon socket (55) to rotate at high speed. The hexagon socket (55) can drive the transmission rod (71) and the docking block (73) to perform high-speed circumferential motion. Under the centrifugal force generated by the high-speed motion, the docking block (73) can move outward and combine with the docking plate (72), thereby driving the grinding block (54) to rotate to crush and grind the broken pieces. When the anchor drill drives the driving rod (57) to rotate and drive the drilling drill rod to drill holes, the centrifugal force is reduced. Under the pulling force of the tension spring (74), the docking block (73) can be separated from the docking plate (72), thereby reducing the operating load of the anchor drill and avoiding damage to the equipment. S3: When the grinding block (54) rotates, it drives the reciprocating screw (643) to move circumferentially. Under the interaction between the gear (642) and the outer gear ring (641), the reciprocating screw (643) can rotate while moving circumferentially. When the reciprocating screw (643) rotates, it can drive the spring telescopic rod (62) to move up and down. The spring telescopic rod (62) can drive the scraper (63) to move up and down. At the same time, when the grinding block (54) rotates, it can drive the scraper (63) to move circumferentially, so that the scraper (63) can scrape off the fragments at the lower part of the inner cavity of the mounting shell (51), and can drive the fragments to move, thereby improving the efficiency of the grinding block (54) in crushing the fragments and preventing the fragments from clogging the connecting hole (56); S4: After the drill rod is rotated and extended into the drill hole, when the operator needs to extend the drill rod by connecting the rod, the operation of the high negative pressure dust collector (1) is closed, and under the elastic force of the compression spring (9), the annular shell (53) can be driven to drive the grinding block (54) to move upward. During the upward movement of the grinding block (54), under the action of the connecting rod (833) and the sliding block (832), the two chucks (82) can be driven to approach each other to clamp and fix the driving rod (57), thereby avoiding the driving rod (57) from rotating and shaking when the drill rod is separated and the connecting rod is installed, which affects the effect and efficiency of the drill rod connection, and can improve the stability of the drill rod.

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