An experimental device and method for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research

Abstract

The application discloses an experimental device for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, which comprises a forced air cooling motor, wherein the forced air cooling motor delivers cold air to a microwave generator; the microwave generator is powered by a microwave power supply, and the microwave generated by the microwave generator is fed into a solid rocket engine scaled model through a waveguide to form a microwave field; the waveguide outlet is embedded in the inside of a solid rocket engine scaled model box, a pressure transmitter is arranged above the solid rocket engine scaled model, the pressure transmitter converts the pressure change in the inside of the solid rocket engine scaled model into an electric signal and transmits the electric signal to a computer, and the pressure change in the experimental process is recorded. The application can simultaneously establish a microwave field and an electromagnetic field in the solid propellant area, and has the characteristics of small size, low experimental cost, simple components and convenient maintenance.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of solid rocket engine, in particular to an experimental device and method for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research. BACKGROUND

[0002] The combustion efficiency of solid propellant of a solid rocket engine directly determines the thrust and specific impulse of the engine. Improving the combustion efficiency helps complete combustion of the propellant, reduces residual unburned material, reduces exhaust emissions and pollutant generation, improves the reliability and safety of the engine, and can achieve a more uniform combustion process, reduce high temperature areas caused by hot spots and uneven combustion, thereby reducing the thermal load of the combustion chamber and nozzle, improving the life and durability of the engine, and improving the application range of the engine to meet diverse mission requirements.

[0003] The solid rocket engine has problems such as difficulty in real-time adjustment of thrust and poor controllability of energy management, which seriously limits its performance.

[0004] Currently, there are two main ways to adjust the working principle: 1. Change the throat area of the nozzle. 2. Control the combustion process of the solid propellant.

[0005] However, the method of changing the throat area has a very serious ablation problem and is only suitable for engines with low energy content, small size, and short working time.

[0006] In order to further study the internal mechanism of multi-physical field enhanced combustion of solid rocket engine, a series of experimental studies need to be carried out, but the current public invention does not mention related experimental equipment. SUMMARY

[0007] In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present application provides an experimental device and method for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, which can simultaneously establish a microwave field and an electromagnetic field in the solid propellant area, has the characteristics of small size, saving experimental cost, simple component parts, and easy maintenance.

[0008] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is:

[0009] An experimental device for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, comprising an air-cooled motor, the air-cooled motor delivers cold air to a microwave generator;

[0010] The microwave generator is powered by a microwave power supply, and the microwave generated by the microwave generator is fed into a solid rocket engine scaled model through a waveguide to form a microwave field. The microwave field introduced in this way can act on all solid propellants, and has the advantages of fast speed, simple experimental structure, and large action area.

[0011] The waveguide outlet is embedded inside the solid launch scale model box, a pressure transmitter is arranged above the solid launch scale model, the pressure transmitter converts the pressure change inside the solid launch scale model into an electrical signal and transmits the electrical signal to a computer to record the pressure change during the experiment.

[0012] The air-cooled motor outlet is connected with the air-cooled duct inlet; the air-cooled duct outlet is connected with the microwave generator; the air-cooled duct is of a converging section structure for collecting and converging the cold air output by the air-cooled motor.

[0013] The waveguide outlet is sealed by a quartz glass cover; a circular hole is formed in the upper portion of the solid launch scale model, a pressure transmitter is inserted into the circular hole and sealed by a rubber sealing ring and a hexagonal nut.

[0014] The waveguide outlet faces the combustion chamber;

[0015] The engine jet is set as the y-axis direction, the electromagnetic field is set as the x-axis direction, and the microwave field is set as the z direction.

[0016] The outermost layer of the solid launch scale model comprises side baffles, an upper baffle and a lower baffle, the side baffles, the upper baffle and the lower baffle form a square frame structure with an unsealed side, and the unsealed side corresponds to the engine jet port;

[0017] The side baffles, the upper baffle and the lower baffle are all transparent plates made of polyether ether ketone engineering plastic, which facilitates observation of the combustion process;

[0018] The upper baffle is provided with a circular hole which is in close contact with the outer wall of the pressure transmitter;

[0019] A combustion chamber is arranged inside the square frame structure away from the engine jet port, the combustion chamber is in communication with the nozzle, an igniter is arranged at the communication connection between the combustion chamber and the nozzle, and an inner bushing is arranged outside the nozzle.

[0020] The inner wall of the combustion chamber is provided with a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are arranged oppositely, and the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate can generate an electromagnetic field in the combustion chamber to excite the combustion of the solid propellant.

[0021] The solid propellant grain is placed between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate;

[0022] The positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are used to generate an electromagnetic field in the combustion chamber to excite the combustion of the solid propellant generated by the solid propellant grain.

[0023] The nozzle is a Laval nozzle, a small hole is formed in the upper wall of the converging section of the nozzle, the small hole is connected with a communication pipe, the outlet of the communication pipe is connected with the pressure transmitter to realize monitoring of the pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0024] The combustion chamber is a transparent cylinder made of polyether ether ketone engineering plastic, facilitating observation of the combustion process of the solid propellant, and the inner wall of the combustion chamber is coated with an ablative material to prevent overheating and damage of the combustion chamber; the combustion chamber is a regular cylindrical structure.

[0025] The solid-propellant scaled model needs to be wrapped with an aluminum foil outside the outermost baffle formed by the side baffle, upper baffle and lower baffle during the experiment to prevent microwave penetration.

[0026] The specific structure and composition of the combustion chamber, solid propellant grain and nozzle in the solid-propellant scaled model can be modified according to the required experimental conditions.

[0027] In each experiment, the same solid propellant is used, and only the electromagnetic field strength or microwave field strength is changed by the control variable method to observe the influence on the combustion enhancement of the solid rocket engine.

[0028] A running method of an experimental device for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, comprising the following steps:

[0029] First, select the microwave power supply, microwave generator and waveguide type according to the required research requirements, then load the solid propellant grain into the combustion chamber, and debug the solid-propellant scaled model, wrap it with aluminum foil except the observation window, and check the sealing condition, after the check is completed, turn on the microwave power supply, start the air-cooled motor, and the microwave generator enters the working state, the generated microwaves enter the solid-propellant scaled model under the constraint of the waveguide to establish a microwave field, then use the igniter to ignite, the solid propellant grain is ignited and starts to burn, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion flows through the nozzle and is discharged to the external environment, the pressure transmitter obtains the wall surface pressure of the convergent section of the nozzle through the communication pipe and converts it into an electric signal to be transmitted to the computer, and a high-speed camera is used to record the combustion process of the solid propellant grain in the observation window;

[0030] When the grain combustion is completed, record the experimental data and turn off the microwave power supply, then open the outer baffle of the solid-propellant scaled model, replace the combustion chamber and solid propellant grain, then assemble the clamping baffle, change the microwave intensity for the next experiment, and then the process is the same as above

[0031] The microwave field is established by the microwave power supply and the microwave generator, and the electromagnetic field is formed by starting the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

[0032] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0033] This invention establishes electromagnetic and microwave fields within a scaled-down solid rocket motor, utilizing these multiphysics fields to enhance the combustion of solid propellant. An opening is made in the upper wall of the nozzle's convergent section, and pressure data from the combustion chamber is transmitted to a pressure transmitter via a connecting pipe to acquire combustion experimental data. Furthermore, the intensity of the multiphysics fields is adjustable. The experimental setup is simple in structure, streamlined in process, reusable, and has low experimental costs. The use of a transparent combustion chamber allows for observation of the solid propellant grain's combustion process, contributing to a deeper understanding of the intrinsic mechanism of multiphysics-enhanced solid rocket motor combustion. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is the present invention. Figure 1 Sectional view at section A.

[0036] In the attached diagram: 1-Air-cooled motor, 2-Air-cooled duct, 3-Microwave power supply, 4-Microwave generator, 5-Waveguide, 6-Quartz glass cover, 7-Solid propellant scale model, 8-Rubber sealing ring, 9-Hexagonal nut, 10-Pressure transmitter, 71-Side baffle, 72-Upper baffle, 73-Lower baffle, 74-Combustion chamber, 751-Positive electrode plate, 752-Negative electrode plate, 76-Solid propellant grain, 77-Igniter, 78-Inner liner, 79-Nozzle, 710-Connecting pipe, B-Microwave feed area. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] As attached Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is an experimental apparatus and method for studying multi-physics field enhanced combustion in solid rocket engines. The apparatus includes an air-cooled motor 1, an air-cooled duct 2, a microwave power supply 3, a microwave generator 4, a waveguide 5, a quartz glass cover 6, a solid-generator scaled-down model 7, a rubber sealing ring 8, a hexagonal nut 9, and a pressure transmitter 10.

[0039] The outlet of the air-cooled motor 1 is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled duct 2; the outlet of the air-cooled duct 2 is connected to the microwave generator 4; the microwave generator 4 is powered by the microwave power supply 3, and the generated microwaves are fed into the solid-generator scaled-down model 7 through the waveguide 5 to form a microwave field; the outlet of the waveguide 5 is embedded inside the solid-generator scaled-down model 7, and the outlet of the waveguide 5 is sealed by the quartz glass cover 6; a circular hole is opened on the top of the solid-generator scaled-down model 7, and a pressure transmitter 10 is inserted into the circular hole and sealed by the rubber sealing ring 8 and the hexagonal nut 9. The pressure transmitter 10 converts the pressure change inside the solid-generator scaled-down model 7 into an electrical signal and transmits it to the computer to record the pressure change during the experiment.

[0040] As attachedFigure 2 As shown, the outermost layer of the solid-to-gas scaled model 7 is composed of side baffle 71, upper baffle 72 and lower baffle 73, which are all transparent plates made of polyether ether ketone engineering plastic, facilitating observation of the combustion process; the upper baffle 72 is provided with a circular hole in contact with the outer wall of the pressure transmitter 10; the inner side of the baffle is sequentially connected by the combustion chamber 74, igniter 77, nozzle 79 and inner bushing 78 from left to right; the inner wall of the combustion chamber 74 is provided with positive electrode plate 751 and negative electrode plate 752, and the solid propellant grain 76 is placed between the positive and negative electrode plates; the convergent section of the nozzle 79 is provided with a small hole in the upper wall surface, and the small hole is connected with the communication pipe 710; the outlet of the communication pipe 710 is connected with the pressure transmitter 10, realizing monitoring of the pressure in the combustion chamber.

[0041] The combustion chamber 74 is a transparent cylinder made of polyether ether ketone engineering plastic, facilitating observation of the combustion process of the solid propellant, and a layer of ablation material is coated on the inner wall surface to prevent the combustion chamber 74 from being damaged by overheating; the positive electrode plate 751 and the negative electrode plate 752 can generate an electromagnetic field in the combustion chamber 74 to stimulate the combustion of the solid propellant.

[0042] Specifically, the solid-to-gas scaled model 7 needs to be wrapped with an aluminum foil outside the outermost baffle during the experiment to prevent the microwave from penetrating.

[0043] Specifically, the specific structure and composition of the combustion chamber 74, the solid propellant grain 76 and the nozzle 79 can be modified according to the required experimental conditions.

[0044] The present application uses the same solid propellant to change only the electromagnetic field strength or the microwave field strength by controlling the variable method each time, and observes the influence on the combustion enhancement of the solid rocket engine.

[0045] The present application also provides an experimental method for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, based on the above-mentioned experimental device for solid rocket engine multi-physical field enhanced combustion research, including the following implementation cases:

[0046] Implementation case one

[0047] The embodiment is a microwave field enhanced combustion experiment. First, a microwave power source 3, a microwave generator 4 and a waveguide 5 are selected according to the required research requirements. Then, a solid propellant grain 76 is loaded into a combustion chamber 74, and a solid propellant grain scaling model 7 is debugged. Except for an observation window, the solid propellant grain scaling model 7 is wrapped with aluminum foil paper, and the sealing condition is checked. After the checking is completed, the microwave power source 3 is turned on, and the air-cooled motor 1 is started. The microwave generator 4 is in a working state, microwaves generated by the microwave generator 4 are constrained in the waveguide 5, and the microwaves enter the solid propellant grain scaling model 7 to establish a microwave field. Then, an igniter 77 is used for ignition. After the solid propellant grain 76 is ignited, the solid propellant grain 76 starts to burn. High-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the burning of the solid propellant grain 76 flows through a nozzle 79 and is discharged to the external environment. A pressure transmitter 10 obtains the wall surface pressure of the convergent section of the nozzle through a communication pipe 710 and converts the wall surface pressure into an electric signal to be transmitted to a computer. At the same time, a high-speed camera records the combustion process of the solid propellant grain 76 in the observation window. When the solid propellant grain 76 is burned out, the experimental data of this time are recorded, and the microwave power source 3 is turned off. Then, the outer blocking plate of the solid propellant grain scaling model 7 is opened, the combustion chamber 74 and the solid propellant grain 76 are replaced, and then the clamping blocking plate is assembled. The microwave intensity is changed for the next experiment. The subsequent process is the same as the above process, and thus is not described herein again.

[0048] Embodiment two

[0049] The embodiment is an electromagnetic field enhanced combustion experiment. First, the required electromagnetic field intensity is determined according to the required research, and corresponding parameters are set. Then, the solid propellant grain 76 is loaded into the combustion chamber 74, and the solid propellant grain scaling model 7 is debugged. The sealing condition is checked. After the checking is completed, the positive electrode plate 751 and the negative electrode plate 752 are started to form an electromagnetic field in the combustion chamber. Then, the igniter 77 is used for ignition. After the solid propellant grain 76 is ignited, the solid propellant grain 76 starts to burn. High-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the burning of the solid propellant grain 76 flows through the nozzle 79 and is discharged to the external environment. The pressure transmitter 10 obtains the wall surface pressure of the convergent section of the nozzle through the communication pipe 710 and converts the wall surface pressure into an electric signal to be transmitted to the computer. At the same time, the high-speed camera records the combustion process of the solid propellant grain 76 in the observation window. When the solid propellant grain is burned out, the experimental data of this time are recorded, and the positive electrode plate 751 and the negative electrode plate 752 are turned off. Then, the outer blocking plate of the solid propellant grain scaling model 7 is opened, the combustion chamber 74 and the solid propellant grain 76 are replaced, and then the clamping blocking plate is assembled. The electromagnetic field intensity is changed for the next experiment. The subsequent process is the same as the above process, and thus is not described herein again.

[0050] Embodiment three

[0051] The embodiment is a multi-physical field enhanced combustion experiment. First, a microwave power source 3, a microwave generator 4 and a waveguide 5 are selected according to the required research requirements, then a solid propellant grain 76 is loaded into a combustion chamber 74, and a solid propellant scale model 7 is debugged. Except for the observation window, the solid propellant scale model 7 is wrapped with aluminum foil paper, and the sealing condition is checked. After the checking is completed, the microwave power source 3 is turned on, the air-cooled motor 1 is started, the microwave generator 4 is in working condition, the generated microwaves are constrained in the waveguide 5 and enter the solid propellant scale model to establish a microwave field, the positive electrode plate 751 and the negative electrode plate 752 are started, and an electromagnetic field is formed in the combustion chamber. Then, the igniter 77 is used for ignition. After the solid propellant grain 76 is ignited, the solid propellant grain 76 starts to burn. The high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas generated by the burning flows through the nozzle 79 and is discharged to the external environment. The pressure transmitter 10 obtains the wall surface pressure of the convergent section of the nozzle through the communication pipe 710 and converts the wall surface pressure into an electric signal to be transmitted to the computer. At the same time, the high-speed camera records the combustion process of the solid propellant grain 76 in the observation window. When the solid propellant grain 76 is burned out, the experimental data are recorded, and the microwave power source 3, the positive electrode plate 751 and the negative electrode plate 752 are turned off. Then, the outer baffle of the solid propellant scale model 7 is opened, the combustion chamber 74 and the solid propellant grain 76 are replaced, and then the clamping baffle is assembled. According to the experimental requirements, the electromagnetic field strength or the magnetic field strength is changed for the next experiment. The subsequent process is the same as the above process, and will not be described here.

[0052] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the patent range of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent flow transformation obtained by using the content of the specification and the drawings, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields is also included in the patent protection range of the present application.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for studying multiphysics-enhanced combustion in solid rocket engines, characterized in that, Includes an air-cooled motor (1), which delivers cold air to the microwave generator (4). The microwave generator (4) is powered by a microwave power supply (3), and the microwaves generated by the microwave generator (4) are fed into the solid-state scaling model (7) through a waveguide (5) to form a microwave field; The waveguide (5) outlet is embedded inside the solid-generator scaled-down model (7) housing. A pressure transmitter (10) is installed above the solid-generator scaled-down model (7). The pressure transmitter (10) converts the pressure change inside the solid-generator scaled-down model (7) into an electrical signal and transmits it to the computer to record the pressure change during the experiment. The outermost layer of the solid-engine scaled-down model (7) includes a side baffle (71), an upper baffle (72) and a lower baffle (73). The side baffle (71), the upper baffle (72) and the lower baffle (73) form a square frame structure with an unsealed side, and the unsealed part corresponds to the engine jet port. The side baffle (71), upper baffle (72) and lower baffle (73) are all transparent plates made of polyetheretherketone engineering plastic, which facilitates the observation of the combustion process; The upper baffle (72) has a round hole that is in close contact with the outer wall of the pressure transmitter (10); A combustion chamber (74) is provided on the inner side of the frame structure from a distance away from the engine nozzle. The combustion chamber (74) is connected to the nozzle (79). An igniter (77) is provided at the connection between the combustion chamber (74) and the nozzle (79). An inner liner (78) is provided on the outer side of the nozzle (79). The combustion chamber (74) is equipped with a positive electrode plate (751) and a negative electrode plate (752) on its inner wall; the positive electrode plate (751) and the negative electrode plate (752) are arranged opposite each other vertically. A solid propellant column (76) is placed between the positive electrode plate (751) and the negative electrode plate (752). The positive electrode plate (751) and the negative electrode plate (752) are used to generate an electromagnetic field in the combustion chamber (74) to excite the combustion of the solid propellant generated by the solid propellant grain (76).

2. The experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet of the air-cooled motor (1) is connected to the inlet of the air-cooled duct (2); the outlet of the air-cooled duct (2) is connected to the microwave generator (4); The air-cooled duct (2) is a contraction section structure used to collect and gather the cold air output by the air-cooled motor (1).

3. The experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waveguide (5) outlet is sealed by a quartz glass cover (6); the solid-state scale model (7) has a circular hole on top, into which a pressure transmitter (10) is inserted and sealed by a rubber sealing ring (8) and a hexagonal nut (9); The waveguide (5) outlet faces the combustion chamber; If we define the engine exhaust as the y-axis direction, then the electromagnetic field direction is the x-axis direction, and the microwave field direction is the z-axis direction.

4. The experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nozzle (79) is a Laval nozzle, and a small hole is opened on the upper wall of the converging section of the nozzle (79), which is connected to the connecting pipe (710); the outlet of the connecting pipe (710) is connected to the pressure transmitter (10) to realize pressure monitoring in the combustion chamber.

5. The experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to claim 1, characterized in that, The combustion chamber (74) is a transparent cylinder made of polyetheretherketone engineering plastic, which facilitates the observation of the combustion process of solid propellant. The inner wall of the combustion chamber (74) is coated with a layer of ablative material to prevent the combustion chamber (74) from overheating and being damaged. The combustion chamber (74) has a regular cylindrical structure.

6. The method for operating an experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps; First, select the model of microwave power supply (3), microwave generator (4) and waveguide (5) according to the research requirements. Then, load the solid propellant grain (76) into the combustion chamber (74) and adjust the solid-generator scaled-down model (7). Wrap the observation window with aluminum foil and check the sealing. After the check, turn on the microwave power supply (3) and start the air-cooled motor (1). The microwave generator (4) enters the working state. The generated microwave enters the solid-generator scaled-down model (7) under the constraint of the waveguide (5) to establish a microwave field. Then, use the igniter (77) to ignite. After the solid propellant grain (76) is ignited, it begins to burn. The high temperature and high pressure gas generated by the combustion flows through the nozzle (79) and is discharged to the external environment. The pressure transmitter (10) obtains the pressure of the nozzle convergence section wall through the connecting pipe (710) and converts it into an electrical signal to be transmitted to the computer. At the same time, use a high-speed camera to record the combustion process of the solid propellant grain (76) in the observation window. After the combustion of the propellant (76) is completed, record the experimental data and turn off the microwave power supply (3). Then open the outer baffle of the solid-propellant scaled-down model (7), replace the combustion chamber (74) and the solid propellant (76), then assemble the clamping baffle, change the microwave intensity and conduct the next experiment. The subsequent process is the same as above.

7. The method for operating an experimental apparatus for multiphysics-enhanced combustion research in solid rocket engines according to claim 6, characterized in that, The microwave field is established by the microwave power supply (3) and the microwave generator (4), and the positive electrode plate (751) and the negative electrode plate (752) are activated to form an electromagnetic field.

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