Angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array

Abstract

The present invention discloses an angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array, which is composed of floating wind turbine foundations connected together. The floating wind turbine foundation includes a wind turbine tower, an upper buoy, a truss, a lower mooring winch, a lower wind turbine hollow pile, a fixed static mooring cable, and a shared anchor point. The lower wind turbine hollow pile includes a lifting plate, a hydraulic rod, and a hydraulic device. The lower mooring winch includes a hollow cabin, an elastic cabin, and a winch cabin, wherein a pressure plate and an elastic device are provided in the elastic cabin. The winch cabin contains a first electric winch and a second electric winch. The first electric winch and the second electric winch drive the adjacent lower wind turbine hollow piles to rotate by the length difference between the first and second power mooring cables to change the angle of the wind turbine tower. The present invention reduces the impact of harsh marine environments by lowering the wind tower and elastically buffering. The wind turbine angle is adjusted by the power mooring cable to improve the power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and in particular to an angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array. Background Art

[0002] Floating offshore wind turbines are adaptable to deepwater environments and offer advantages such as stable power generation and high wind energy utilization, holding broad application prospects. However, compared to fixed wind turbines, floating wind turbines are subject to significantly more complex loads, including wind, waves, and currents, posing significant challenges to their foundations and mooring systems.

[0003] During operation, offshore floating wind turbine systems are subject to aerodynamic loads, hydrodynamic loads, and seabed soil loads. Furthermore, the deep sea presents a more complex and harsh marine environment, which can have a serious negative impact on floating wind turbines. Faced with the challenges of operating offshore floating wind turbine platforms, the industry is urgently seeking research and development and innovation in marine engineering and technical equipment to improve operational efficiency, ensure operational safety, and reduce operating costs.

[0004] At present, there are new structural types of offshore floating wind turbine foundations that use single-point mooring systems. Although this reduces the number of mooring cables and reduces mooring costs, it puts higher requirements on the reliability of the single-point mooring system in terms of "automatic wind alignment", especially the transient changes in the mooring cable tension caused by the large movement of the floating offshore wind turbine during dynamic wind alignment, and the ultimate strength of the mooring cable under extreme working conditions.

[0005] At the same time, although the offshore floating wind turbine foundation currently adopts a multi-point mooring method, which can rely on the restoring force provided by multiple moorings to offset the external factors affecting the wind turbine, the design cost, installation complexity and maintenance complexity of the platform are very huge, which is not conducive to improving the competitiveness of the wind power industry in the future energy market. In addition, the effect of maintaining the stability of offshore floating wind turbines only through multi-point mooring in the harsh deep-water environment is not ideal, and cannot well meet the performance requirements of floating wind turbines in deep-sea areas.

[0006] Therefore, from a technical and economic perspective, the development of floating offshore wind power technology will inevitably focus on improving platform stability and reducing platform costs. Improving platform stability or reducing platform motion aims to enhance overall system performance and reliability, while reducing manufacturing, installation, and maintenance costs aims to make floating wind turbine platforms more economically competitive with other energy sources.

[0007] In response to the technical problems of poor platform safety and stability and high economic costs in existing technologies, how to improve the safety and stability of the platform through structure, and at the same time form a floating wind turbine foundation array that shares an anchoring foundation and controls each other's windward direction, improve the power generation efficiency of offshore floating wind turbines, and reduce mooring costs, is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0008] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the technical problems of insufficient platform safety and stability, low efficiency, and high economic cost in the prior art, the present invention proposes a shared floating wind turbine foundation array with angle-adjustable elastic mooring, which reduces the impact of harsh marine environment by lowering the wind turbine tower, adjusting the angle and windward surface of the floating wind turbine foundation and elastic buffer. Specifically, by adopting the tower of the lower wind turbine hollow pile and the elastic cabin of the lower mooring winch, the stress performance is improved in the form of lowering the wind turbine tower and elastic buffer, thereby improving the safety and stability of the platform; at the same time, by adopting the electric winch of the lower mooring winch and the shared anchor point design of regular hexagonal arrangement, a regular hexagonal floating wind turbine foundation array is formed that shares the anchoring foundation and controls the windward direction of each other, thereby improving the power generation efficiency, economy, safety and stability and service life of the floating wind turbine, reducing the mooring cost, and improving the bearing capacity and recoverability of the mooring system.

[0009] Technical solution: The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array of the present invention is composed of floating wind turbine foundations connected together; the floating wind turbine foundation includes a wind turbine tower, an upper buoy, a truss, a lower mooring winch, a lower wind turbine hollow pile, a fixed static mooring cable, and a shared anchor point;

[0010] The wind turbine tower is fitted with a circumferential support ring. The upper buoys are arranged in an equilateral triangle around the wind turbine tower. The bottom of the upper buoys is connected to a shared anchor point via a fixed static mooring cable. The middle of the upper buoys is connected to the adjacent upper buoys, the circumferential support ring, and the lower mooring winch via a truss.

[0011] The lower-level wind turbine hollow pile includes a lifting plate, a hydraulic rod, and a hydraulic device; the wind turbine tower is fixed above the lifting plate, and the hydraulic device drives the lifting plate and wind turbine tower to move through the hydraulic rod;

[0012] The lower mooring winch includes a hollow cabin, an elastic cabin, and a winch cabin. A first power hole is opened between the elastic cabin and the winch cabin. A pressure plate and an elastic device are provided in the elastic cabin. The pressure plate is an arc-shaped rigid plate with a second power hole opened. The elastic device is located between the arc-shaped convex surface of the pressure plate and the inner wall of the lower mooring winch. A third power hole is opened at the bottom of the lower mooring winch.

[0013] The winch cabin contains a first electric winch and a second electric winch. A first power mooring cable is wound around the first electric winch, and a second power mooring cable is wound around the second electric winch. One end of the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable passes through the first power hole into the elastic cabin, passes through the second power hole of the pressure plate, and then exits from the outside of the pressure plate and the third power hole of the lower mooring winch, and is connected to the adjacent lower wind turbine hollow pile.

[0014] The first electric winch and the second electric winch drive the adjacent wind turbine hollow piles to rotate through the length difference between the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable, thereby changing the angle of the wind turbine tower (1) on the adjacent wind turbine hollow piles.

[0015] A cable buckle for connecting the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable is provided at the bottom of the hollow pile of the lower wind turbine.

[0016] The lower mooring winches are arranged in an equilateral triangle around the wind turbine tower.

[0017] The upper part of the upper buoy is a hollow component, and the lower part is a reinforced concrete structure, which provides buoyancy for the entire wind turbine foundation.

[0018] The pressing plate is an arc-shaped rigid plate with two second power holes.

[0019] The spring device is a spring array arranged between the arc-shaped convex surface of the pressure plate and the inner wall of the lower mooring drum.

[0020] The floating wind turbine foundations are arranged in a regular hexagon to form a floating wind turbine foundation array, which improves the stability and economy of the floating wind turbines.

[0021] The shared anchor point is located at the center of the floating wind turbine foundation array.

[0022] The horizontal angle between the lower mooring winch and the upper buoy is 60°, and they are arranged in a triangle around the wind turbine tower.

[0023] The hollow tank is a hollow sealed body located above the elastic tank and the winch tank, which provides buoyancy for the lower mooring winch.

[0024] Working principle: The bottom end of the wind turbine tower in the angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array of the present invention is connected to the hollow pile of the lower wind turbine, controlling the wind turbine tower to fall into the interior of the hollow pile of the lower wind turbine; the upper buoys are equidistantly arranged around the wind turbine tower, and the bottom is connected to the shared anchor point through a fixed static mooring cable, and the upper cylinder body is connected to the adjacent upper buoys, wind turbine tower and lower mooring winch through a truss; the lower mooring winch is rigidly connected to the hollow pile of the lower wind turbine, and contains an elastic cabin and a winch cabin inside, which provide elastic restoring force for the wind turbine foundation. At the same time, the lower mooring winch is connected to other adjacent lower wind turbine piles through a power mooring cable to form a wind turbine foundation array for controlling the angle of each wind turbine foundation.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] (1) The present invention adopts a lower layer of wind turbine hollow piles and utilizes a hydraulic device to move the wind turbine tower up and down. When encountering extreme weather such as typhoons, the wind turbine tower moves downward back into the lower layer of wind turbine hollow piles, so that the center of gravity of the wind turbine foundation is lowered, thereby ensuring the structural safety of the wind turbine tower and enhancing the stability of the floating wind turbine foundation, so that the wind turbine foundation can operate smoothly in complex and harsh deep-sea environments.

[0027] (2) The present invention adopts an elastic cabin design for the lower mooring winch. Through the pressure plate and elastic device in the elastic cabin, it can effectively help the mooring cable absorb impact force, enhance the elastic recoverability of the mooring cable, and improve the safety and stability of the mooring system.

[0028] (3) The present invention adopts a winch cabin design for the lower mooring winch. The length of the power mooring cable is adjusted by the electric winch in the winch cabin. The lengths of the two power mooring cables connected to the adjacent lower-level wind turbine hollow piles are different, which in turn drives the wind turbine hollow piles to rotate and move, thereby changing the angle of the upper wind turbine tower. Under normal working conditions, the wind turbine blades are located on the windward side to the greatest extent, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine and extending its service life.

[0029] (4) The floating wind turbine foundation of the present invention adopts a regular hexagonal arrangement, which optimizes the coverage of a large area and reduces overlapping and blank areas, so that the wind turbine foundation array has a higher space utilization rate, facilitates the increase or decrease of the scale of the entire wind turbine array, and simplifies the design and layout costs.

[0030] (5) The upper buoy of the present invention is connected to a shared anchor point at the center of a regular hexagon through a fixed static mooring cable, which improves the installation and maintenance efficiency of the mooring system and optimizes the load distribution of the mooring system, so that each anchor point and mooring equipment bears a reasonable load, thereby improving the stability and economy of the floating wind turbine and enhancing the competitiveness of the wind power industry in the future energy market. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the floating wind turbine foundation in the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 A top view of the floating wind turbine foundation structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the hollow pile of the lower fan of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the lifting and lowering of the wind turbine tower of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a front cross-sectional view of the lower mooring winch of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 A side sectional view of a lower mooring winch according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 is a top cross-sectional view of the lower mooring winch of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the lower mooring winch of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the fan foundation connection of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of a shared floating wind turbine foundation array with elastic controllable mooring according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the shared floating wind turbine foundation array with elastic controllable mooring according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, the angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array of the present invention is composed of floating wind turbine foundations connected together. The floating wind turbine foundations include a wind turbine tower 1, a circumferential support ring 2, an upper buoy 3, a truss 4, a lower mooring winch 5, lower wind turbine hollow piles 6, a fixed static mooring line 7, a dynamic mooring line 8, and a shared anchor point 9. The floating wind turbine foundations are arranged in a regular hexagon, with the shared anchor point 9 located at the center of the polygon.

[0043] The bottom end of the wind turbine tower 1 is connected to the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6, and the cylinder of the wind turbine tower 1 is reinforced and supported by the cylinder circumferential support ring 2; the inside of the cylinder circumferential support ring 2 is in contact with the wind turbine tower 1, and the outside of the cylinder circumferential support ring 2 is connected and fixed to the upper buoy 3 through the truss 4.

[0044] The upper buoys 3 are hollow structures at the top and reinforced concrete structures at the bottom. They are arranged in an equilateral triangle, equidistantly around the wind turbine tower 1, providing buoyancy for the entire wind turbine foundation. The bottoms of the upper buoys 3 are connected to a shared anchor point 9 via fixed static mooring cables 7. The middle sections are connected to the adjacent upper buoys 3, the circumferential support ring 2, and the lower mooring winch 5 via trusses 4.

[0045] The lower mooring winches 5 are arranged similarly to the upper buoys 3, with a 60-degree angle between them. In this embodiment, the lower mooring winches 5 are equidistantly arranged around the wind turbine tower 1 in an equilateral triangle, rigidly connected to the lower wind turbine hollow piles 6. They are connected to the adjacent lower mooring winches 5 and upper buoys 3 via trusses 4, forming a floating wind turbine foundation interconnected by the wind turbine tower 1, upper buoys 3, lower mooring winches 5, and lower wind turbine hollow piles 6. Simultaneously, they are connected to the cable clips 13 at the bottom of the adjacent lower wind turbine hollow piles 6 via power mooring cables 8. The lower mooring winches 5 are 60 degrees apart from the upper buoys 3, and the trusses connecting the same lower mooring winches are of equal length and angle, ensuring uniform force distribution and preventing eccentric moments.

[0046] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6 includes a lifting plate 10, a hydraulic rod 11, a hydraulic device 12 and a cable buckle 13. The hydraulic device 12 is located at the inner bottom end of the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6 and is connected to the lifting plate 10 through the hydraulic rod 11; the bottom of the lifting plate 10 is rigidly connected to the hydraulic rod 11, and the top is rigidly connected to the wind turbine tower 1; when the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6 rotates, the wind turbine tower 1 therein also rotates synchronously, that is, the angle of the wind turbine tower 1 is the angle of the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6. The hydraulic device 12 is controlled to control the extension and contraction of the hydraulic rod 11 to move the lifting plate 10 up and down, thereby causing the wind turbine tower 1 to fall into the lower wind turbine hollow pile 6, thereby avoiding extreme weather at sea, protecting the wind turbine tower 1 and the mooring system, and improving the service life of the floating wind turbine.

[0047] like Figures 5 to 8 As shown, the lower mooring winch 5 includes a hollow compartment, an elastic compartment, and a winch compartment. A first power hole is provided on the surface of the lower mooring winch 5 and between the elastic compartment and the winch compartment, for the power mooring cable 8 to pass through. The hollow compartment is a hollow sealed body that provides buoyancy for the lower mooring winch 5. The elastic compartment includes a pressure plate 14 and an elastic device 15. The pressure plate 14 is an arc-shaped rigid plate with two second power holes in the middle. The spring device 15 is composed of a series of spring arrays, located between the arc-shaped convex surface of the pressure plate 14 and the inner wall of the lower mooring winch 5, with both ends rigidly connected. The power mooring cable 8 is subjected to external action and transfers the load through the pressure plate 14 to the elastic device 15, thereby better absorbing impact force and reducing vibration, thereby achieving the purpose of improving mooring safety.

[0048] There are two electric winches 16 wound with a power mooring cable 8 in the winch cabin, namely a first electric winch and a second electric winch. The first electric winch is wound with a first power mooring cable, and the second electric winch is wound with a second power mooring cable.

[0049] like Figure 9As shown, one end of the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable is wound around the electric winch 16, and the other end enters the elastic compartment through the first power hole between the elastic compartment and the winch compartment, and then passes through the second power hole of the pressure plate 14 to reach the concave side of the pressure plate 14. Along the concave side of the pressure plate, it goes back to the outside of the pressure plate from both sides of the pressure plate 14, and finally drilled out from the third power hole at the bottom of the lower mooring winch 5, and connected to the cable buckle 13 of the adjacent lower wind turbine hollow pile 6.

[0050] The lengths of the power mooring cables at both ends are adjusted by the power of the electric winch 16. Since the lengths of the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable connected to the adjacent lower-layer wind turbine hollow piles 6 are different, the adjacent lower-layer wind turbine hollow piles 6 are driven to rotate, thereby changing the angle of the foundation wind turbine tower 1 above the adjacent lower-layer wind turbine hollow piles 6, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the angle of the adjacent floating wind turbines, and changing the orientation of the wind turbine tower in real time according to the environment, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine.

[0051] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, in this embodiment, the floating wind turbine foundations are arranged in a regular hexagon. The upper buoys 3 are connected to a shared anchor point 9 at the center of the regular hexagon via fixed static mooring cables 7. The lower mooring winches 5 are connected to the lower wind turbine hollow piles 6 of adjacent floating wind turbine foundations via dynamic mooring cables 8. This forms a regular hexagonal floating wind turbine foundation array that shares an anchoring foundation and controls each other, thereby improving the stability and economy of the floating wind turbines.

Claims

1. An angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array, characterized by: The floating wind turbine foundation is connected and composed of a wind turbine tower (1), an upper buoy (3), a truss (4), a lower mooring winch (5), a lower wind turbine hollow pile (6), a fixed static mooring cable (7) and a shared anchor point (9); The wind turbine tower (1) is sleeved with a circumferential support ring (2); the upper buoy (3) is arranged in an equilateral triangle around the wind turbine tower (1); the bottom of the upper buoy (3) is connected to a shared anchor point (9) via a fixed static mooring cable (7); the middle of the upper buoy (3) is connected to the adjacent upper buoy (3), the circumferential support ring (2) and the lower mooring winch (5) via a truss (4); The lower-layer wind turbine hollow pile (6) comprises a lifting plate (10), a hydraulic rod (11) and a hydraulic device (12); the wind turbine tower (1) is fixed above the lifting plate (10), and the hydraulic device (12) drives the lifting plate (10) and the wind turbine tower (1) to move via the hydraulic rod (11); The lower mooring winch (5) comprises a hollow cabin, an elastic cabin and a winch cabin, a first power hole is provided between the elastic cabin and the winch cabin; a pressure plate (14) and an elastic device (15) are provided in the elastic cabin; the pressure plate (14) is an arc-shaped rigid plate with a second power hole, and the elastic device (15) is located between the arc-shaped convex surface of the pressure plate (14) and the inner wall of the lower mooring winch (5); a third power hole is provided at the bottom of the lower mooring winch (5); The winch cabin contains a first electric winch and a second electric winch, wherein a first power mooring cable is wound around the first electric winch, and a second power mooring cable is wound around the second electric winch; one end of the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable passes through the first power hole into the elastic cabin, passes through the second power hole of the pressure plate (14), and then passes through the outer side of the pressure plate and the third power hole of the lower mooring winch (5), and is connected to the adjacent lower wind turbine hollow pile (6); The first electric winch and the second electric winch drive the adjacent wind turbine hollow piles (6) to rotate through the length difference between the first power mooring cable and the second power mooring cable to change the angle of the wind turbine tower (1) on the adjacent wind turbine hollow piles (6).

2. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cable buckle (13) for connecting a first power mooring cable and a second power mooring cable is provided at the bottom of the lower layer wind turbine hollow pile (6).

3. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lower mooring winch (5) is arranged in an equilateral triangle around the wind turbine tower (1).

4. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper portion of the upper buoy (3) is a hollow component, and the lower portion is a reinforced concrete structure.

5. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing plate (14) is an arc-shaped rigid plate with two second power holes.

6. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spring device (15) is a spring array arranged between the arc-shaped convex surface of the pressure plate (14) and the inner wall of the lower mooring drum (5).

7. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine foundations are arranged in a regular hexagon to form a floating wind turbine foundation array.

8. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 7, characterized in that: The shared anchor point (9) is located at the center of the floating wind turbine foundation array.

9. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal angle between the lower mooring winch (5) and the upper buoy (3) is 60°.

10. The angle-adjustable elastically moored shared floating wind turbine foundation array according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow cabin is a hollow sealing body located above the elastic cabin and the winch cabin.

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