Serial coupling device of main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to horizontal flow water power generation system

Abstract

The application relates to a main-vice water wheel series connection shaft device suitable for a horizontal water power generation system, wherein a main water wheel shaft and a vice water wheel shaft are coaxially arranged opposite to each other and are connected through a clutch type shaft coupling, the main water wheel shaft coupling device and the vice water wheel shaft coupling device are in a cylindrical shape, are respectively sleeved on opposite ends of the main water wheel shaft and the vice water wheel shaft, the vice water wheel shaft coupling device is axially slidably matched with the vice water wheel shaft and is fixed opposite in a circumferential direction, a spring for pushing the vice water wheel shaft coupling device to the main water wheel shaft coupling device is sleeved on the vice water wheel shaft, and the opposite end faces of the main water wheel shaft coupling device and the vice water wheel shaft coupling device are provided with meshing structures for realizing positive engagement and reverse separation. The shaft coupling device adopts the clutch type shaft coupling to connect the main water wheel shaft and the vice water wheel shaft, automatically realizes disengagement and combination according to the operation requirement of the power generation system, guarantees the power generation efficiency of the power generation system and is convenient for maintenance and repair.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a flat flow water power generation system, in particular to a main and auxiliary water wheel series coupling device suitable for the flat flow water power generation system, and belongs to the technical field of water power generation equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water power generation has the characteristics of resource recycling, clean and environmental protection, and wide resources, and is one of the best power generation methods in the world. Flat flow water power generation utilizes the natural flow energy of river channel, which belongs to low flow water power generation. In order to achieve better energy utilization, two water wheels can be coaxially connected in series to generate electricity. The main water wheel is connected to the generator, and the auxiliary water wheel is used to increase the power of the main water wheel. A coupling device (such as a coupling) is used to fixedly connect the water wheel shafts of the two water wheels. However, the speed of the natural flow of the river channel varies greatly, and there is also a local turbulent phenomenon. When large turbulence appears on the side of the auxiliary water wheel, the auxiliary water wheel may reverse or the speed may be lower than that of the main water wheel. At this time, the auxiliary water wheel will offset the power of the main water wheel, affecting the power generation effect. In addition, the naturally existing river channel or water flow channel must keep the flow channel unobstructed. When the water wheel needs to be overhauled, since the water wheel shafts of the two water wheels are fixedly connected through the coupling device, the two water wheels need to be stopped to realize the overhaul. The stoppage of the two water wheels will block the water flow, which is easy to cause upstream waterlogging and has safety hazards. The coupling device is usually in the middle of the river channel, and manual operation has safety hazards. In addition, since the coupling device has very large transmission force and high speed, it is not possible for manual operation to disengage the coupling device. The hydraulic pushing method is used to disengage the coupling device, and once the hydraulic oil leaks, it will also pollute the water source. Therefore, the fixed coupling device in the prior art is not suitable for the connection of the main and auxiliary water wheels in this occasion. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a main and auxiliary water wheel series coupling device suitable for a flat flow water power generation system, which can automatically realize the disengagement and combination of the main and auxiliary water wheel shafts according to the operation requirements of the power generation system.

[0004] The technical scheme for realizing the above-mentioned purpose of the present application is: a main-vice water wheel series connection shaft device suitable for the horizontal flow water power generation system, the main water wheel shaft and the vice water wheel shaft are coaxially arranged oppositely, a space is left between the two, and the two are connected through a clutch type shaft coupling, the clutch type shaft coupling comprises a main water wheel shaft coupling device and a vice water wheel shaft coupling device, the main water wheel shaft coupling device and the vice water wheel shaft coupling device are in a cylindrical shape, and are respectively sleeved on the opposite ends of the main water wheel shaft and the vice water wheel shaft, the main water wheel shaft coupling device is fixedly connected with the corresponding end of the main water wheel shaft, the vice water wheel shaft coupling device is axially slidingly matched with the vice water wheel shaft and is fixedly connected in a circumferential direction, a spring is sleeved on the vice water wheel shaft, one end of the spring is abutted against or fixedly connected to the outer end face of the vice water wheel shaft coupling device (the opposite sides of the two water wheels are the inner sides of the two water wheels respectively, and the other sides are the outer sides of the two water wheels respectively), the other end of the spring is abutted against or fixedly connected to the inner side of the vice water wheel or a spring abutting device fixedly arranged on the vice water wheel shaft, the opposite end faces of the main water wheel shaft coupling device and the vice water wheel shaft coupling device are provided with matched meshing structures, the meshing structures comprise a protrusion outwardly protruding from the corresponding end face of the main water wheel shaft coupling device (the protrusion is arranged in a circumferential direction of the end face of the main water wheel shaft coupling device) and a groove arranged on the corresponding end face of the vice water wheel shaft coupling device and matched with the protrusion, the side of the protrusion in the circumferential direction away from the rotation direction of the main water wheel is a plane (a plane perpendicular to the corresponding end face of the main water wheel shaft coupling device) or an inclined plane, the included angle between the inclined plane and the end face of the main water wheel shaft coupling device is an acute angle, and the side of the protrusion in the circumferential direction towards the rotation direction of the main water wheel is an inclined plane.

[0005] Generally, the outer end of the main water wheel shaft is connected with a generator set.

[0006] Preferably, the number of the meshing structures is one or several, when the number of the meshing structures is several, the several meshing structures are arranged in a circumferential direction on the main water wheel shaft coupling device and the vice water wheel shaft coupling device uniformly, that is, the several protrusions are arranged on the corresponding end face of the main water wheel shaft coupling device in a circumferential direction uniformly, and the several grooves are arranged on the corresponding end face of the vice water wheel shaft coupling device in a circumferential direction uniformly.

[0007] Preferably, an axial sliding guide structure is arranged between the inner wall of the vice water wheel shaft coupling device and the outer wall of the vice water wheel shaft.

[0008] Further, the axial sliding guide structure preferably comprises an axial sliding rail arranged on the inner wall of the vice water wheel shaft coupling device and an axial sliding groove arranged on the outer wall of the vice water wheel shaft and matched with the axial sliding rail, the axial sliding rail and the axial sliding groove are slidingly and matchingly connected, and the axial sliding groove is preferably a through groove.

[0009] Preferably, the main waterwheel shaft coupling device is keyed connected with the main waterwheel shaft, and the main waterwheel shaft is provided with an axial limiting structure of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device.

[0010] Further, the axial limiting structure is a radially outwardly protruding annular boss coaxially arranged on the main waterwheel shaft, the annular boss is located outside the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, and the outer end surface of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device abuts against the annular boss.

[0011] Preferably, the spring is a cylindrical spring or a disc spring.

[0012] In the natural state (uncompressed state), the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device is engaged with the main waterwheel shaft coupling device through the engagement structure.

[0013] Preferably, the outer diameters of the opposite ends of the main waterwheel shaft and the secondary waterwheel shaft are the same.

[0014] Preferably, the inner and outer diameters of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device are the same.

[0015] Preferably, the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device is provided with a position maintaining mechanism after the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device slides outward relative to the secondary waterwheel shaft.

[0016] Preferably, the position maintaining mechanism includes a flange and a positioning wheel, the flange is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the axis of the positioning wheel is arranged in parallel with the axis of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the positioning wheel and the flange are spaced apart in the radial direction, an annular groove is arranged on the wheel surface of the positioning wheel in the circumferential direction, the groove width of the annular groove is greater than the width of the flange, and the positioning wheel is provided with a telescopic device towards the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device.

[0017] Preferably, the telescopic device includes a jacking device and a positioning wheel arm, the jacking device is fixedly connected with the positioning wheel arm at one end of the jacking device, and the other end of the positioning wheel arm is rotationally connected with the positioning wheel.

[0018] The number of the positioning wheel arms is two, one end of each of the two positioning wheel arms is fixedly connected to the two sides of the jacking rod, and the positioning wheel is located between the other ends of the two positioning wheel arms and can be connected with the two positioning wheel arms through a matched shaft and bearing.

[0019] Preferably, the secondary waterwheel shaft is provided with a position sensor for detecting the axial position of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, and the signal output of the position sensor is connected to the control end of the jacking device.

[0020] Preferably, the groove wall of the annular groove facing the direction of the main waterwheel is an inclined surface inclined from outside to inside or the annular groove is a V-shaped groove.

[0021] The coupling device of the application adopts a two-half split structure and is connected through the engagement structure, and can automatically realize disengagement and combination (or docking) according to the operation requirement of the power generation system, thereby ensuring the power generation efficiency of the power generation system and facilitating maintenance. When the rotation trend of the secondary waterwheel is faster than that of the main waterwheel, the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the main waterwheel shaft coupling device are tightly matched through the side surface (the matched plane or the inclined surface with an acute angle with the end surface of the coupling device) of the engagement structure facing away from the waterwheel rotation direction, the secondary waterwheel drives the main waterwheel to rotate synchronously, the secondary waterwheel outputs power to the main waterwheel, the torque of both waterwheels is transmitted to the generator set for power generation, and the power generation efficiency is improved. When the rotation trend of the secondary waterwheel is slower than that of the main waterwheel (no power is transmitted from the secondary waterwheel to the main waterwheel), the rotation trend of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device is faster than that of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, under the sliding force of the side surface (the inclined surface) of the engagement structure facing the waterwheel rotation direction, the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device slides outward against the pushing force of the spring, the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device is disengaged from the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, and the disengaged state can be maintained through the position maintaining mechanism, thereby avoiding that the secondary waterwheel offsets the power of the main waterwheel and affects the power generation efficiency. When the main waterwheel or the secondary waterwheel needs to be maintained, the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device can be disengaged by using a suitable method (for example, reducing the rotation trend of the secondary waterwheel), and then the waterwheel to be maintained is stopped and maintained, and the other waterwheel normally runs to pass water, thereby reducing the degree of obstruction to the water flow and avoiding upstream waterlogging.

[0022] The application is suitable for the main and secondary waterwheel shaft connection of a hydroelectric power generation system provided with a main waterwheel and a secondary waterwheel, and can also be used for the connection between two power shafts in other occasions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the application;

[0024] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the engagement structure of the application;

[0025] Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the engagement structure of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] Referring to Figs. 1-3The application discloses a main and auxiliary water wheel series connection shaft device suitable for a horizontal water power generation system, which is mainly used for coaxial connection of water wheel shafts of two water wheels in natural river water (horizontal water) power generation, and the two water wheels are a main water wheel and an auxiliary water wheel. The main water wheel shaft 1 is coaxially arranged opposite to the auxiliary water wheel shaft 2, and a spacing is left between the two. The outer end of the main water wheel shaft is connected with a generator set. The opposite ends of the main water wheel shaft and the auxiliary water wheel shaft are coaxially sleeved with a shaft connection device in a barrel shape. A sleeve can be used. The main water wheel shaft connection device 3 is fixedly connected to the corresponding end of the main water wheel shaft. The main water wheel shaft connection device rotates synchronously with the main water wheel shaft. The auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device 4 is axially slidingly matched with the auxiliary water wheel shaft and is fixedly arranged in the circumferential direction. The auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device rotates synchronously with the auxiliary water wheel shaft and can slide in the axial direction relative to the auxiliary water wheel shaft. A spring 5 is sleeved on the auxiliary water wheel shaft. The spring is sleeved on the outer side of the auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device (the opposite sides of the two water wheels are the inner sides of the two water wheels respectively, and the other sides are the outer sides of the two water wheels respectively). One end of the spring is abutted against or fixedly connected to the outer end surface of the auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device. The other end of the spring is abutted against or fixedly connected to the inner side surface of the auxiliary water wheel or a spring abutting device fixedly arranged on the auxiliary water wheel shaft. The opposite end surfaces of the main water wheel shaft connection device and the auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device are provided with matched meshing structures, so that the two can be connected through the meshing structures. The meshing structures include a protrusion 6 outward protruding from the corresponding end surface of the main water wheel shaft connection device (the protrusion is arranged in the circumferential direction of the end surface of the main water wheel shaft connection device) and a groove 7 arranged on the corresponding end surface of the auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device and matched with the protrusion. The side surface of the protrusion in the circumferential direction, which is opposite to the rotating direction of the main water wheel, is a plane (a plane perpendicular to the corresponding end surface of the main water wheel shaft connection device) or an inclined surface. The included angle between the inclined surface and the end surface of the main water wheel shaft connection device is an acute angle. The side surface of the protrusion in the circumferential direction, which is towards the rotating direction of the main water wheel, is an inclined surface. The included angle between the inclined surface and the end surface of the main water wheel shaft connection device is an obtuse angle. The auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device is provided with a position keeping mechanism relative to the outward sliding of the auxiliary water wheel shaft.

[0027] The shaft connection device adopts a two-half split structure (the main water wheel shaft connection device and the auxiliary water wheel shaft connection device) and is connected through the meshing structures. The shaft connection device can automatically realize separation and combination (or docking and connection) according to the operation requirement of the power generation system, guarantees the power generation efficiency of the power generation system and is convenient for maintenance and repair.

[0028] When the rotation trend of the secondary water wheel is faster than that of the primary water wheel, the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device and the primary water wheel shaft coupling device are tightly matched through the side (cooperating plane or inclined plane with acute angle with the end surface of the coupling device) of the engagement structure in the opposite direction of the water wheel rotation direction, the secondary water wheel pushes the primary water wheel to rotate synchronously, the secondary water wheel outputs power to the primary water wheel, and the torque of the two water wheels is transmitted to the generator set to generate power, thereby improving the power generation efficiency. When the rotation trend of the secondary water wheel is slower than that of the primary water wheel (the secondary water wheel has no power transmission to the primary water wheel), the rotation trend of the primary water wheel shaft coupling device is faster than that of the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device, and under the action of sliding force of the side (inclined plane) of the engagement structure in the direction of the water wheel rotation direction, the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device slides outward to overcome the pushing force of the spring, the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device is disconnected from the primary water wheel shaft coupling device, and can be kept in the disconnected state through the position maintaining mechanism, thereby avoiding the secondary water wheel from offsetting the power of the primary water wheel and affecting the power generation efficiency. When the primary water wheel or the secondary water wheel needs to be maintained, the primary water wheel shaft coupling device and the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device can be disconnected by adopting a suitable method (for example, reducing the rotation trend of the secondary water wheel), and then the water wheel to be maintained is stopped and maintained, and the other water wheel normally runs to pass water, thereby reducing the degree of obstruction to the water flow and avoiding upstream water accumulation.

[0029] The number of the engagement structures can be one or several (for example, two or three), and is preferably several. When the number of the engagement structures is several (including several numbers of the protrusions and the grooves), the several engagement structures are arranged on the primary water wheel shaft coupling device and the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device in a uniform circumferential distribution, that is, the several protrusions are arranged on the corresponding end surface of the primary water wheel shaft coupling device in a uniform circumferential distribution, and the several grooves are arranged on the corresponding end surface of the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device in a uniform circumferential distribution, so that when the primary water wheel shaft coupling device and the secondary water wheel shaft coupling device are engaged and connected, the stress and torque transmission during synchronous rotation are uniform.

[0030] The inner wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the outer wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft are preferably provided with matched axial sliding guide structures, so that the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft can axially slide relative to each other and be fixed relative to each other in the circumferential direction. The axial sliding guide structure preferably comprises an axial sliding rail provided on the inner wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and an axial sliding groove provided on the outer wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft and matched with the axial sliding rail. The axial sliding rail and the axial sliding groove are in sliding fit connection. The axial sliding groove is preferably a through groove. In this way, the axial sliding of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft relative to each other can be realized, and the relative fixation of the two in the circumferential direction can also be realized, without affecting the relative movement of the spring on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft. The number of axial sliding guide structures can be several, and the several axial sliding guide structures are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft. The axial sliding guide structure can also adopt any suitable matching structure for the axial relative sliding between the shaft and the sleeve in the prior art.

[0031] The main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the main waterwheel shaft can be connected by a key, realizing the relative fixation of the two in the circumferential direction. The main waterwheel shaft is provided with an axial limiting structure of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, which is used to limit the axial position of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device on the main waterwheel shaft. The axial limiting structure can be a radially outwardly protruding annular boss or annular flange coaxially provided on the main waterwheel shaft. The annular boss or annular flange is located on the outer side of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, and the outer side end surface of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device abuts against the annular boss or annular flange. In this way, the assembly and disassembly of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device on the main waterwheel shaft are facilitated. The main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the main waterwheel shaft can also be connected by a fixed connection mode of welding.

[0032] The spring is preferably a cylindrical spring or a disc spring, which is convenient to fit on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft and has uniform stress and external force when it is elastically deformed. In the natural state (uncompressed state), the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the main waterwheel shaft coupling device are engaged through the engagement structure.

[0033] The outer diameters of the opposite ends of the main waterwheel shaft and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft are preferably the same, and the inner and outer diameters of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device are preferably the same, which facilitates the engagement and relative disengagement of the two.

[0034] The position keeping mechanism preferably comprises a flange 8 and a positioning wheel 9, the flange is coaxially fixedly connected to the outer wall of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the axis of the positioning wheel is parallel to the axis of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the positioning wheel is radially spaced apart from the flange, an annular groove is formed on the wheel surface of the positioning wheel in the circumferential direction, the slot width of the annular groove is greater than the width of the flange, so that the outer edge of the flange can be inserted into the annular groove, the positioning wheel is provided with an extension device towards the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the extension device can drive the positioning wheel to approach or move away from the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device. When the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device is disconnected from the primary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the extension device can be controlled to drive the positioning wheel to approach the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device, so that the outer edge of the flange is inserted into the annular groove on the positioning wheel, the axial position of the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device on the secondary waterwheel shaft is limited, the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the primary waterwheel shaft coupling device always remain disconnected and do not rub against each other. When the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device needs to be connected with the primary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the extension device is controlled to drive the positioning wheel to move away from the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device (or reset), the outer edge of the flange is disconnected from the annular groove on the positioning wheel, and the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device moves towards the primary waterwheel shaft coupling device under the action of the spring force, and finally connects with the primary waterwheel shaft coupling device.

[0035] A preferred embodiment of the extension device is that the extension device comprises a jacking device 10 and a positioning wheel arm 11, the jacking device can be fixedly installed on the bearing base of the waterwheel, the jacking rod 12 of the jacking device is fixedly connected (for example, bolted) to one end of the positioning wheel arm, and the other end of the positioning wheel arm is rotationally connected (for example, with a small gap) to the positioning wheel. The movement (approaching or moving away) of the positioning wheel relative to the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device is realized by the jacking device, and the rotational connection between the positioning wheel arm and the positioning wheel enables the positioning wheel and the flange / secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device to rotate relative to each other when the positioning wheel approaches the secondary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the outer edge of the flange is inserted into the annular groove on the positioning wheel, thereby avoiding hindering the rotation of the secondary waterwheel shaft / secondary waterwheel. The number of positioning wheel arms is two, one end of each of the two positioning wheel arms is fixedly connected to the two sides of the jacking rod, which can be connected by bolts, and the positioning wheel is located between the other ends of the two positioning wheel arms, which can be connected to the two positioning wheel arms by matching shafts and bearings.

[0036] The groove wall of the annular groove facing the direction of the main waterwheel is preferably a slope inclined from the outer edge of the positioning wheel to the center, or the annular groove is a V-shaped groove. In this way, when the positioning wheel is close to the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the annular groove on the positioning wheel just contacts the outer edge of the flange plate, the flange plate will drive the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device to slide outward relative to the auxiliary waterwheel shaft a certain distance under the sliding pushing action of the slope groove wall of the annular groove facing the direction of the main waterwheel (the groove wall of the V-shaped groove in this direction is also a slope groove wall), so as to avoid that when the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device is disengaged from the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device cannot be completely disengaged from the main waterwheel shaft coupling device due to insufficient force of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device to completely overcome the pushing force of the spring.

[0037] The auxiliary waterwheel shaft is preferably provided with a position sensor (not shown in the figure) for detecting the axial position of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, and the signal output of the position sensor is connected to the control end of the jacking device. In this way, automatic control of the movement of the positioning wheel relative to the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device can be realized. When the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device is disengaged from the main waterwheel shaft coupling device, the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device slides outward relative to the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, the position sensor collects the position signal of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and transmits the signal to the control end of the jacking device (a suitable controller such as PLC or industrial computer can be provided), controls the jacking device to act and pushes the positioning wheel to move towards the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, so that the outer edge of the flange plate is inserted into the annular groove on the positioning wheel, thereby limiting the axial position of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft. The reset of the positioning wheel can be directly controlled by the controller at a suitable time (for example, when the rotation speed of the auxiliary waterwheel is greater than that of the main waterwheel). The setting position of the position sensor on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, the extension and retraction movement distance of the positioning wheel and the control mode of the controller can be flexibly set according to the automatic control means in the prior art.

[0038] The various preferred and optional technical means disclosed in the present application can be combined in any manner, forming several different technical solutions, except that a preferred or optional technical means is further limited by another technical means, unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A main and auxiliary water wheel tandem shaft coupling device adapted to a hydroelectric power system with horizontal flow, characterized in that The main waterwheel shaft and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft are coaxially arranged opposite to each other, a space is left between the two, and the two are connected through a clutch type shaft coupling, the clutch type shaft coupling comprises a main waterwheel shaft coupling device and an auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device are in a cylindrical shape, are respectively sleeved on the opposite ends of the main waterwheel shaft and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, the main waterwheel shaft coupling device is fixedly connected with the corresponding end of the main waterwheel shaft, the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device is axially slidingly matched with the auxiliary waterwheel shaft and is fixedly connected in a circumferential direction, a spring is sleeved on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, one end of the spring is abutted on or fixedly connected on the outer end face of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the other end of the spring is abutted on or fixedly connected on the inner side face of the auxiliary waterwheel, or is fixedly arranged on the spring abutting device on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, the opposite end faces of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device are provided with matched engagement structures, the engagement structures comprise a protrusion outward protruding on the corresponding end face of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and a groove on the corresponding end face of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the protrusion is a plane or an inclined plane on the side of the circumferential direction away from the rotation direction of the main waterwheel, the angle between the inclined plane and the end face of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device is an acute angle, the side of the circumferential direction towards the rotation direction of the main waterwheel is an inclined plane, the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device is provided with a position keeping mechanism after the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device slides outward relative to the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, the position keeping mechanism comprises a flange and a positioning wheel, the flange is coaxially fixedly connected on the outer wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the axis of the positioning wheel is arranged in parallel with the axis of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the positioning wheel and the flange leave a space in the radial direction, an annular groove is arranged on the wheel face of the positioning wheel in the circumferential direction, the slot width of the annular groove is greater than the width of the flange, the positioning wheel is provided with a telescopic device towards the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device, the telescopic device comprises a jacking device and a positioning wheel arm, the jacking device is fixedly installed on the bearing base of the waterwheel, the jacking rod of the jacking device is fixedly connected with one end of the positioning wheel arm, the other end of the positioning wheel arm is rotationally and matchingly connected with the positioning wheel.

2. The tandem shaft coupling of the main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to the hydroelectric power system by the horizontal current, according to claim 1, wherein The number of the engagement structures is one or several, and the several engagement structures are arranged in the circumferential direction and are uniformly distributed on the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device.

3. The tandem shaft coupling of the main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to the hydroelectric power system by the principle of the baroclinic water, as claimed in claim 1, wherein An axially sliding guide structure is arranged between the inner wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device and the outer wall of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft.

4. The tandem shaft coupling of the main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to the hydroelectric power system by the principle of the baroclinic water, as claimed in claim 1, wherein The main waterwheel shaft coupling device is keyed connected with the main waterwheel shaft, and an axial limiting structure of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device is arranged on the main waterwheel shaft.

5. The tandem shaft coupling of the main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to the hydroelectric power system by the principle of the baroclinic water, according to claim 1, wherein The spring is a cylindrical spring or a disc spring.

6. The tandem shaft coupling of the main and auxiliary water wheels adapted to the hydroelectric power system by the principle of the baroclinic water, as claimed in claim 1, wherein The inner and outer diameters of the main waterwheel shaft coupling device and the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device are the same.

7. The tandem shaft coupling adapted for the hydrodynamic power generation system of the main and auxiliary water wheels according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that The groove wall of the annular groove towards the main waterwheel direction is an inclined plane inclined from the outside to the inside or the annular groove is a V-shaped groove.

8. The tandem shaft coupling adapted for the hydrodynamic power generation system of the main and auxiliary water wheels according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that A position sensor for detecting the axial position of the auxiliary waterwheel shaft coupling device is arranged on the auxiliary waterwheel shaft, and the signal output of the position sensor is connected to the control end of the jacking device.

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