Sealed air-gap-free power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with motor

Abstract

The invention discloses a sealed air-gap-free power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor. The sealed air-gap-free power-off electromagnetic brake comprises a motor rotor, a motor shell, a coil, a static iron shell, magnetic powder, a guide rod, a permanent magnet, a spring, an armature, a friction plate and a fixing piece. The guide rod, the permanent magnet, the spring and the coil are sequentially distributed outwards from the axis of the static iron shell, a positioning hole is formed in the center of a bottom shell of the static iron shell, and the permanent magnet and the guide rod are arranged in the positioning hole. One end of the guide rod penetrates through the permanent magnet, the guide rod is sleeved with the spring, and one end of the armature is arranged between the guide rod and the spring; the friction plate is arranged between the armature and the motor shell, the armature is in sliding fit with the static iron shell, and the motor shell and the static iron shell are fixed through a fixing piece. The integrated design of the brake and the motor can be achieved, the structure is simple, the size is small, the braking torque is large, the reliability is high, and the sealing performance and the environmental adaptability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of power-off electromagnetic brakes, and in particular relates to a sealed air-gap-free power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor. Background Art

[0002] In modern industry, motors are widely used in automated production, transportation, aerospace and other fields as core power sources. As a key component in the motor system, the performance of the power-off electromagnetic brake directly determines the motor's motion accuracy, safety and the reliability of the entire system. However, traditional power-off electromagnetic brakes have many limitations in practical applications and are difficult to meet the needs of modern industry for efficient, compact and reliable braking systems.

[0003] From the perspective of structural design, traditional power-off electromagnetic brakes are usually installed on motors as independent devices, and fail to achieve integrated design. This not only increases the size and complexity of the system, but also requires an additional sealed housing to prevent friction plate wear debris from contaminating the external environment and external impurities from invading the brake. However, the presence of a sealed housing will hinder the heat dissipation of the coil, causing the brake temperature to rise too high, which in turn affects its service life and reliability. In addition, the friction pads of traditional brakes will produce wear debris during operation, which will pollute the environment; at the same time, impurities such as dust and oil in the external environment can easily invade the brake, causing wear on the friction pads and other key components, further reducing the reliability and service life of the brake.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of braking performance, the electromagnetic force on the armature is small due to the air gap in traditional brakes. In order to ensure the unlocking function of the brake, the elastic force of the spring must be smaller than the electromagnetic force, which limits the increase in braking torque. Therefore, in some application scenarios with high requirements for braking performance, traditional brakes often cannot meet actual needs.

[0005] In summary, the traditional power-off electromagnetic brake has deficiencies in structural design, braking performance and environmental adaptability. A new brake design scheme is urgently needed to solve the above problems and meet the needs of modern industry for efficient, compact and reliable braking systems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a sealed airgap-free electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor, so as to solve the problems of complex structure, poor sealing, small braking torque, poor environmental adaptability, etc. of the traditional electromagnetic brake proposed in the above background technology.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions: A sealed air-gapless electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor, comprising a motor rotor, a motor housing, a coil, a static iron housing, magnetic powder, a guide rod, a permanent magnet, a spring, an armature, a friction plate and at least one fixing member; The guide rod, permanent magnet, spring and coil are arranged inside the static iron shell and are distributed outward from the axis of the static iron shell in sequence; A positioning hole is provided at the center of the bottom shell of the static iron shell, and the permanent magnet and the guide rod are both arranged in the positioning hole; One end of the guide rod passes through the permanent magnet, the spring is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod, and one end of the armature is arranged between the guide rod and the spring; The coil is arranged inside the static iron shell and sleeved on the spring; The magnetic powder is arranged between the armature and the stationary iron shell; The friction plate is arranged between the armature and the motor housing, and the friction plate is connected to the motor rotor through a connecting pin; The armature is slidably matched with the stationary iron shell; The motor housing and the static iron housing are fixed by the fixing member.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the fixing member includes at least one positioning screw, and at least one threaded through hole is radially provided at each contact portion between the stationary iron shell and the motor shell, and the positioning screw is disposed in the threaded through hole.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the stationary iron housing is threadedly connected to the motor housing.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the armature includes a friction portion and an attraction portion; The suction part is located at the inner side of the spring, and the guide rod is located at the axis center of the suction part; The step surface of the friction part close to the suction part abuts against one end of the spring.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, at least one groove is formed on a peripheral side of the friction portion, and a tip of the positioning screw is disposed in the groove.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the axial distance between the attraction portion and the permanent magnet is slightly greater than the axial distance between the friction portion and the coil.

[0013] In a possible implementation, a protrusion structure is provided between the friction plate and the friction portion, and between the friction plate and the motor housing; The friction part and the motor housing are respectively provided with protrusion structures; and / or, The two sides of the friction plate are respectively provided with protrusion structures.

[0014] In a possible implementation, a first felt is further provided between the friction plate and the friction portion and between the friction plate and the motor housing; The first felt is respectively arranged on the friction part and the motor housing; and / or, The first felt is respectively arranged on both sides of the friction plate.

[0015] In a possible implementation, a second felt is provided at the contact portion between the static iron shell and the suction part; A second felt is provided on the suction part; and / or, A second felt is arranged on the static iron shell.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, a third felt is provided between the friction plate and the static iron shell.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, this application has the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a sealed airgap-free power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor, which achieves sealed fixation of the static iron shell and the motor shell through fixing parts, thereby simplifying the overall structure, reducing the overall volume, and improving the sealing performance of the brake, effectively avoiding the mutual influence between the brake friction plate and the external environment, and also eliminating the need for additional installation of a sealing shell, thereby avoiding the sealed shell affecting the heat dissipation of the coil.

[0018] In addition, the sliding fit design between one end of the armature and the stationary iron shell, and the contact between the other end and the stationary iron shell through the magnetic powder adsorbed by the permanent magnet into a convex shape, ensure that the magnetic resistance of the electromagnetic circuit around the coil is always kept at a low level, significantly increasing the electromagnetic force on the armature, thereby increasing the spring force and braking force. At the same time, this also makes it possible to further reduce the size of the brake.

[0019] In one possible implementation, the armature is divided into a friction part and a suction part, and the suction part is designed to be located inside the spring, and the guide rod is located at the axis of the suction part. This layout ensures that the electromagnetic force can act efficiently on the suction part, thereby quickly and stably controlling the movement of the armature when the power is on or off. The step surface of the friction part is designed to abut against one end of the spring near the suction part, which not only ensures the effective transmission of the spring force, but also ensures that the friction surface can closely fit the brake disc or braking surface during braking, significantly improving the braking stability.

[0020] The integrated design of the friction part and the suction part, as well as the layout of the guide rod at the axis center, make the entire armature assembly compact and easy to assemble. This design reduces the possibility of assembly errors and improves production efficiency.

[0021] Moreover, due to the reasonable overall design, the coordination between electromagnetic force and spring force is more precise and efficient, so that the brake can act quickly after receiving the command and can be unlocked in the shortest time, thereby improving the response speed and dynamic performance of the entire system.

[0022] In a possible implementation, a groove is provided on the peripheral side of the friction part, and the tip of the positioning screw is arranged in the groove, so that the friction part is effectively prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction.

[0023] In a possible implementation, the protrusion structure increases the friction force action radius and improves the braking torque.

[0024] In a possible implementation, when the brake is unlocked and the motor starts to rotate, the friction plate benefits from the flexible support of the felt, effectively avoiding direct and violent collision with the static iron shell and the motor shell, and significantly reducing the generation of vibration and noise. Furthermore, when the coil loses power and enters the braking state, the felt again plays its advantages of buffering and shock absorption in the process of the armature clamping the friction plate, effectively alleviating the impact between the armature and the friction plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 A structural principle diagram of a sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 A braking state principle diagram of a sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of a sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0026] The accompanying drawings are as follows: 1. motor rotor; 2. motor housing; 3. coil; 4. static iron housing; 5. magnetic powder; 6. guide rod; 7. permanent magnet; 8. spring; 9. armature; 10. friction plate; 11. fixing part; 12. connecting pin; 13. first felt; 14. second felt; 15. third felt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The specific implementation methods of the present application are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0028] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the present application provides a sealed air gap-free electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor, which may include a motor rotor 1, a motor housing 2, a coil 3, a static iron housing 4, magnetic powder 5, a guide rod 6, a permanent magnet 7, a spring 8, an armature 9, a friction plate 10 and at least one fixing part 11.

[0029] The guide rod 6 , the permanent magnet 7 , the spring 8 and the coil 3 are arranged inside the static iron shell 4 and are distributed outward from the axis of the static iron shell 4 in sequence.

[0030] A positioning hole is provided at the center of the bottom shell of the static iron shell 4, and the permanent magnet 7 and the guide rod 6 are fixed in the positioning hole, and the positioning hole is not marked.

[0031] The static iron shell 4 can be made of a magnetic conductive material such as No. 10 steel or pure iron. The static iron shell 4 is cup-shaped, and a thread is provided at an open end of the static iron shell 4 , which is threadedly fixed to the motor shell 2 .

[0032] Optionally, the motor housing 2 can be made of a non-magnetic material such as austenitic stainless steel, copper alloy or aluminum alloy.

[0033] One end of the guide rod 6 passes through the permanent magnet 7 , the permanent magnet 7 is sleeved on the portion of the guide rod 6 located in the positioning hole, the spring 8 is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod 6 , and one end of the armature 9 is located between the guide rod 6 and the spring 8 .

[0034] The guide rod 6 is made of non-magnetic materials such as austenitic stainless steel, copper alloy or aluminum alloy, and has an interference fit with the positioning hole of the static iron shell 4 and a clearance fit with the armature 9.

[0035] The coil 3 is arranged in the static iron shell 4 and sleeved on the spring 8. The contact portion between the coil 3 and the static iron shell 4 is fixed by glue.

[0036] Optionally, the coil 3 includes a copper wire and epoxy resin, the copper wire is wound into a ring, and both ends of the connector are respectively connected to a power cord, the power cord extends through a wire hole on the static iron shell 4, the radial cross-section of the epoxy resin is square, and the copper wire is wrapped in the epoxy resin.

[0037] The magnetic powder 5 is arranged between the armature 9 and the stationary iron shell 4. The magnetic powder 5 can be set as fine silicon steel powder with high magnetic permeability, and the magnetic powder 5 can be filled with materials such as grease, soft silicone or rubber to reduce deformation resistance.

[0038] The friction plate 10 is arranged between the armature 9 and the motor housing 2 , and the friction plate 10 is connected to the motor rotor 1 via a connecting pin 12 .

[0039] Optionally, the friction plate 10 can be configured to be in a disc shape, with a through hole and a pin groove being provided at the axis of the friction plate 10 , and the diameter of the through hole being slightly larger than the diameter of the motor rotor 1 .

[0040] The connecting pin 12 is interference fit with the pin groove at one end of the motor rotor 1 , and the other end is clearance fit with the pin groove on the friction plate 10 .

[0041] Alternatively, the connecting pin 12 may be interference fit with the pin groove on the friction plate 10 , and may be clearance fit with the pin groove on the shaft end of the motor rotor 1 .

[0042] The armature 9 is slidably matched with the stationary iron shell 4.

[0043] The motor housing 2 and the stationary iron housing 4 are connected via a fixing member 11, and the fixing member 11 may include at least one positioning screw. The contact portion between the stationary iron housing 4 and the motor housing 2 is radially provided with at least one threaded through hole, and the positioning screw is arranged in the threaded through hole.

[0044] Optionally, the fixing member 11 may include three, four or five fixing screws. In the embodiment of the present application, four fixing screws are provided.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the fixed fixing part 11 is used to achieve the sealing fixation between the static iron shell 4 and the motor shell 2, which simplifies the overall structure, reduces the overall volume, and improves the sealing performance of the brake, effectively avoiding the mutual influence between the brake friction plate 10 and the external environment. At the same time, it also eliminates the need for additional installation of a sealing shell, thereby avoiding the sealed shell affecting the heat dissipation of the coil 3.

[0046] In addition, the sliding fit design between one end of the armature 9 and the stationary iron shell 4, and the contact between the other end and the stationary iron shell 4 through the magnetic powder 5 adsorbed into a convex shape by the permanent magnet 7, ensure that the magnetic resistance of the electromagnetic circuit around the coil 3 is always maintained at a low level, significantly improving the electromagnetic force exerted on the armature 9, thereby enhancing the elastic force and braking force of the spring 8. At the same time, this also provides the possibility of further reducing the size of the brake.

[0047] In a possible embodiment, the armature 9 may include a friction portion and an attraction portion.

[0048] The suction part is located inside the spring 8, and the guide rod 6 is located at the axis center of the suction part.

[0049] The step surface of the friction portion close to the suction portion abuts against one end of the spring 8 .

[0050] Optionally, the armature 9 can be set to a magnetic conductive material of steel or pure iron. The suction part and the friction part are not marked in the embodiment of the present application.

[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, the armature 9 is divided into a friction part and a suction part, and the suction part is designed to be located inside the spring 8, and the guide rod 6 is located at the axis of the suction part. Such a layout ensures that the electromagnetic force can act efficiently on the suction part, so as to quickly and stably control the movement of the armature 9 when the power is on or off. The step surface of the friction part is designed to be close to the suction part and abut against one end of the spring 8, which not only ensures the effective transmission of the force of the spring 8, but also ensures that the friction surface can be closely attached to the brake disc or braking surface during braking, significantly improving the braking stability.

[0052] The integrated design of the friction part and the suction part, as well as the layout of the guide rod 6 at the axis center, make the entire armature 9 assembly compact and easy to assemble. This design reduces the possibility of assembly errors and improves production efficiency.

[0053] Moreover, due to the reasonable overall design, the coordination between the electromagnetic force and the spring force is more precise and efficient, so that the brake can act quickly after receiving the command and can be unlocked in the shortest time, thereby improving the response speed and dynamic performance of the entire system.

[0054] In a possible embodiment, at least one groove is formed on a peripheral side of the friction portion, and a positioning screw is disposed in the groove.

[0055] Specifically, the portion of the positioning screw extending into the groove has no threads.

[0056] In the embodiment of the present application, a groove is provided on the peripheral side of the friction part, and the tip of the positioning screw is arranged in the groove, so that the friction part is effectively prevented from rotating in the circumferential direction.

[0057] In a possible embodiment, the axial distance between the attraction portion and the permanent magnet 7 is slightly greater than the axial distance between the friction portion and the coil 3 .

[0058] In a possible embodiment, a protrusion structure is provided between the friction plate 10 and the friction portion, and between the friction plate 10 and the motor housing 2 .

[0059] Specifically, the friction portion and the motor housing 2 are respectively provided with protrusion structures.

[0060] The two sides of the friction plate 10 are respectively provided with protruding structures, or the protruding structures are simultaneously provided on the friction portion, the motor housing 2 and the friction plate 10 .

[0061] Optionally, the protruding structure may be other structures such as a ring shape or a stripe shape. The protruding structure in the embodiment of the present application is shown as an example.

[0062] In the embodiment of the present application, the protruding structure increases the friction force action radius and improves the braking torque.

[0063] In a possible embodiment, a first felt 13 is further provided between the friction plate 10 and the friction portion, and between the friction plate 10 and the motor housing 2 .

[0064] The friction part and the motor housing 2 are respectively provided with a first felt 13 . The first felt 13 can also be provided on the peripheral side of the friction plate 10 . The first felt 13 can also be installed on the friction part, the motor housing 2 or the friction plate 10 at the same time.

[0065] In the embodiment of the present application, the peripheral side of the friction plate 10 is surrounded by the first felt 13. When the brake is unlocked and the motor rotates, the first felt 13 not only has the function of absorbing wear debris, but also can effectively avoid large collisions and vibrations between the friction plate 10 and the stationary iron shell 4 and the motor shell 2, thereby reducing noise.

[0066] In a possible embodiment, a second felt 14 is further provided between the static iron shell 4 and the suction portion.

[0067] The second felt 14 can be arranged on the suction part, or the second felt 14 can be arranged on the static iron shell 4. Alternatively, the second felt 14 can be arranged on the suction part and the static iron shell 4 at the same time.

[0068] In the embodiment of the present application, the second felt 14 prevents the magnetic powder 5 from leaking out and separating from the permanent magnet 7 .

[0069] In a possible embodiment, a third felt 15 is further disposed between the friction plate 10 and the static iron shell 4 .

[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, a third felt 15 is provided between the friction plate 10 and the stationary iron shell 4, and the third felt 15 can absorb wear debris.

[0071] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the brake is used to control the braking and unlocking release of the motor rotor 1. Its working principle is based on the different mechanical effects in the power-off and power-on states. The specific process is as follows: Power-off braking process: When the motor rotor 1 rotates, if the brake loses power, the electromagnetic field of the coil 3 disappears, and the spring 8 pushes the armature 9 to slide axially to the right along the guide rod 6 and press against the friction plate 10. Since the friction plate 10 is connected to the motor rotor 1 through the connecting pin 12 with clearance fit, it will move to the right with the armature 9 and press against the motor housing 2. At the same time, the positioning screw limits the circumferential rotation of the armature 9, and the friction plate 10 is subjected to the friction force between the armature 9 and the motor housing 2, thereby applying a braking force to the motor shaft, and finally the motor rotor 1 gradually stops moving.

[0072] Power-on unlocking process: When the motor rotor 1 is ready to start, the brake is energized and the electromagnetic field generated by the coil 3 acts on the armature 9: When the electromagnetic force is greater than the elastic force of the spring 8, the armature 9 moves to the left and away from the friction plate 10. At this time, the left step surface of the friction part of the armature 9 abuts against the right end surface of the coil 3, and the left end surface of the suction part squeezes the magnetic powder 5. The friction plate 10 is not subject to friction due to the lack of positive pressure, and the motor rotor 1 can rotate freely. During the rotation of the friction plate 10, the generated grinding chips will be absorbed by the felt. At the same time, the felt on the outside of the magnetic powder 5 prevents the magnetic powder 5 and grease from escaping from the left end surface of the suction part of the armature 9.

[0073] Cycle working mechanism: When the brake loses power again, the spring 8 pushes the armature 9 to move rightward, and the magnetic powder 5 resumes the raised state under the action of the permanent magnet 7, and the above braking and unlocking process is repeated to realize the control of the motor rotor 1.

[0074] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifying the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replacing some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents, does not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A sealed air-gapless electromagnetic brake integrated with a motor, characterized in that: It comprises a motor rotor (1), a motor housing (2), a coil (3), a static iron housing (4), magnetic powder (5), a guide rod (6), a permanent magnet (7), a spring (8), an armature (9), a friction plate (10) and at least one fixing member (11); The guide rod (6), the permanent magnet (7), the spring (8) and the coil (3) are arranged inside the static iron shell (4) and are distributed outward from the axis of the static iron shell (4) in sequence; A positioning hole is provided at the center of the bottom wall of the static iron shell (4), and the permanent magnet (7) and the guide rod (6) are both arranged in the positioning hole; One end of the guide rod (6) passes through the permanent magnet (7), the spring (8) is sleeved on the other end of the guide rod (6), and one end of the armature (9) is arranged between the guide rod (6) and the spring (8); The coil (3) is arranged inside the static iron shell (4) and sleeved on the spring (8); The magnetic powder (5) is arranged between the armature (9) and the stationary iron shell (4); The friction plate (10) is arranged between the armature (9) and the motor housing (2), and the friction plate (10) is connected to the motor rotor (1) via a connecting pin (12); The armature (9) is slidably matched with the stationary iron shell (4); The motor housing (2) and the stationary iron housing (4) are fixed via the fixing member (11).

2. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member (11) comprises at least one positioning screw, and the contact portion between the stationary iron shell (4) and the motor shell (2) is respectively provided with at least one threaded through hole in the radial direction, and the positioning screw is arranged in the threaded through hole.

3. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static iron shell (4) is threadedly connected to the motor shell (2).

4. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The armature (9) comprises a friction portion and a suction portion; The suction part is located on the inner side of the spring (8), and the guide rod (6) is located at the axis center of the suction part; The step surface of the friction part close to the suction part abuts against one end of the spring (8).

5. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one groove is formed on the peripheral side of the friction part, and the tip of the positioning screw is arranged in the groove.

6. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The axial distance between the attraction portion and the permanent magnet (7) is slightly greater than the axial distance between the friction portion and the coil (3).

7. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A protruding structure is provided between the friction plate (10) and the friction portion, and between the friction plate (10) and the motor housing (2); The friction portion and the motor housing (2) are respectively provided with protruding structures; and / or, The friction plate (10) is provided with protrusion structures on both sides.

8. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first felt (13) is also provided between the friction plate (10) and the friction portion, and between the friction plate (10) and the motor housing (2); The first felt (13) is respectively arranged on the friction portion and the motor housing (2); and / or, The first felt (13) is respectively arranged on both sides of the friction plate (10).

9. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 4, characterized in that: A second felt (14) is provided between the static iron shell (4) and the suction portion; A second felt (14) is provided on the suction portion; and / or, A second felt (14) is provided on the static iron shell (4).

10. The sealed air-gapless power-off electromagnetic brake integrated with the motor according to claim 9, characterized in that: A third felt (15) is arranged between the friction plate (10) and the static iron shell (4).

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