Damper

Abstract

The damper mainly comprises a bearing plate, a base, an inner column body, an outer column body and a containing groove, the bearing plate is arranged above the base, the containing groove is formed in the base and connected with an electromagnetic field control device, the containing groove is used for containing intelligent fluid, permanent magnets are spirally arranged on the outer column body and the inner column body, and the permanent magnets are arranged on the outer column body and the outer column body. And the inner column body is slidably arranged in the outer column body, the top of the outer column body is rotationally connected with the bearing plate, and the bottom of the outer column body is rotationally arranged in the intelligent fluid. The damping device can adapt to large load changes, is not prone to damage, and can guarantee a good damping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vibration control, in particular to a damper. Background Art

[0002] At present, inertia container is a kind of damper, which has been widely used as a vibration absorber. Through the rotation of the flywheel, low-frequency vibration isolation of the main system can be achieved. Due to the characteristics of the flywheel, only a small additional mass is needed to obtain a large virtual mass, thereby reducing the resonant frequency and resonance peak of the main system. There are two main types of solutions for realizing inertia container:

[0003] One type is mechanical, including a screw-nut structure. The screw-nut structure drives the nut to rotate through the linear motion of the screw. A flywheel is added to the nut to increase the rotational inertia of the rotating parts, thereby increasing the inertia capacity to enhance the low-frequency vibration reduction performance.

[0004] The other type is fluid type, which achieves vibration reduction by using linear motion to accumulate fluid in the pipeline. This solution uses a closed pipeline as a flow channel and generates damping force through friction between fluids and between fluids and pipelines to achieve the purpose of inertia.

[0005] However, both the first and second categories have major defects. Both the first and second categories are active vibration reduction types. Whether it is direct control of the screw nut or direct control of the flow of the fluid, it needs to rely on sensors, actuators and complex control algorithms, and the structure is very complex. Based on this, there is a flywheel-type magnetorheological inertia device with a continuously adjustable inertia coefficient. It combines the screw nut structure with the structure of the magnetorheological fluid, and controls the screw nut mechanism by controlling the viscosity change of the magnetorheological fluid to achieve semi-active control technology. However, this device continues to use the screw nut structure, so that under the action of impact loads, the screw nut is prone to point crushing, causing the entire structure to fail; and even if there is a slight lubrication problem during use, the screw and nut will experience friction loss or even jamming. Therefore, a damper is urgently needed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a damper to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, which can adapt to larger load changes, is not easy to be damaged, and can ensure good vibration reduction effect.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a damper, comprising a bearing plate, a base, an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a receiving groove, wherein the bearing plate is arranged above the base, the receiving groove is arranged on the base and is connected to an electromagnetic field control device, the receiving groove is used to receive an intelligent fluid, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both spirally provided with permanent magnets with the same spiral direction, the inner cylinder is slidably arranged inside the outer cylinder, the top of the outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing plate, and the bottom is rotatably arranged in the intelligent fluid.

[0009] In some embodiments, a passive vibration reduction device is further included, and the passive vibration reduction device includes a spring, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the supporting plate and the base respectively.

[0010] In some embodiments, the passive vibration reduction device further includes a guide shaft, the bottom end of the guide shaft is fixedly connected to the base, the top end of the guide shaft is used to pass through the bearing plate and be slidably connected, and the spring sleeve is used to be arranged on the guide shaft.

[0011] In some embodiments, a plurality of passive vibration reduction devices are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, the smart fluid is an electrorheological fluid, the containing tank includes an inner annular electrode and an outer annular electrode, and are respectively connected to an external power source, the outer annular electrode is sleeved on the outside of the inner annular electrode, and the clamping space between the inner annular electrode and the outer annular electrode is used to contain the electrorheological fluid.

[0013] In some embodiments, a flywheel is further included, wherein the flywheel is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder, and a paddle is provided at the bottom of the flywheel, and the paddle is slidably disposed in the receiving groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, an insulating pad is further included, which is fixedly disposed above the base, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are disposed on the top of the insulating pad, wherein the first mounting groove is used to accommodate the inner annular electrode, and the second mounting groove is used to accommodate the outer annular electrode.

[0015] In some embodiments, the insulating pad is a cylindrical hollow rubber insulating pad.

[0016] In some embodiments, the electrorheological fluid is a polarized molecular electrorheological fluid.

[0017] In some embodiments, it also includes a first ball bearing, a second ball bearing, a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the outer ring of the first ball bearing is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, the inner ring of the first ball bearing is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder through the first sleeve, the outer ring of the second ball bearing is fixedly connected to the base, and the inner ring of the second ball bearing is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder through the second sleeve.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has achieved the following technical effects:

[0019] The present invention provides a damper, comprising a bearing plate, a base, an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a receiving groove, wherein the bearing plate is arranged above the base, the receiving groove is arranged on the base and is connected to an electromagnetic field control device, the receiving groove is used to receive an intelligent fluid, and the viscosity of the intelligent fluid can be changed by changing the intensity of the electromagnetic field, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both spirally arranged with permanent magnets, and the spiral directions are the same, the inner cylinder is slidably arranged inside the outer cylinder, the top of the outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing plate, and the bottom is rotatably arranged in the intelligent fluid, because the outer cylinder is rotatably arranged in the intelligent fluid, the viscosity of the intelligent fluid is changed, the resistance that the outer cylinder needs to overcome when rotating in the intelligent fluid can be changed, and semi-active control of the damper can be achieved, and the permanent magnets are arranged on the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. , so that the outer cylinder plays a function similar to a magnetic nut, and the inner cylinder plays a function similar to a magnetic stud, and the coupling of the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder is realized through magnetic force. When the device on the bearing plate vibrates, the inner cylinder receives the vibration and slides inside the outer cylinder. Due to the action of the magnetic force, the inner cylinder drives the outer cylinder to rotate, and the vibration is absorbed by the sliding of the outer cylinder in the smart fluid. Since the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder are coupled by magnetic force and there is no real contact, there will be no situation in which the threads on the stud and the threads on the nut are squeezed and damaged when the vibration suddenly increases during use. In addition, the form of magnetic coupling has low requirements for lubricity, so the damper set in this way can adapt to large load changes, is easy to maintain, and is not easy to damage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the damper in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 21 is an exploded view of a device for semi-active vibration reduction control in some embodiments of the present invention.

[0023] In the figure: 1-upper cover; 2-guide shaft; 3-bearing plate; 4-linear bearing; 5-spring; 6-flywheel; 7-housing; 8-support; 9-lower end cover; 10-base; 11-upper end cover; 12-first ball bearing; 13-first sleeve; 14-inner cylinder; 15-outer cylinder; 16-fixing pin; 17-paddle; 18-second ball bearing; 19-insulating pad; 20-first magnetic tile mounting seat; 21-second magnetic tile mounting seat; 22-inner annular electrode; 23-outer annular electrode; 24-second sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a damper to solve the problems existing in the prior art, which can adapt to larger load changes, is not easy to be damaged, and can ensure good vibration reduction effect.

[0026] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0027] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, the present invention provides a damper, including a bearing plate 3, a base 10, an inner cylinder 14, an outer cylinder 15 and a receiving groove, the bearing plate 3 is arranged above the base 10, the receiving groove is arranged on the base 10 and is connected to an electromagnetic field control device, the receiving groove is used to receive the smart fluid, and the viscosity of the smart fluid can be changed by changing the intensity of the electromagnetic field, the outer cylinder 15 and the inner cylinder 14 are both spirally arranged with permanent magnets, and the spiral directions are the same, preferably, the pitches are also the same, the inner cylinder 14 is slidably arranged inside the outer cylinder 15, the top of the outer cylinder 15 is rotatably connected to the bearing plate 3, and the bottom The outer cylinder 15 is rotatably arranged in the smart fluid. Since the outer cylinder 15 is rotatably arranged in the smart fluid, changing the viscosity of the smart fluid can change the resistance that the outer cylinder 15 needs to overcome when rotating in the smart fluid, so that semi-active control of the damper can be achieved. When the structural vibration is small, the electromagnetic field strength can be reduced to reduce the viscosity of the smart fluid, and the rotation resistance of the outer cylinder 15 in the smart fluid is reduced; when the vibration is large, the electromagnetic field strength is increased to increase the viscosity of the smart fluid, and the rotation resistance of the outer cylinder 15 is increased, so that the damping force can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual vibration situation, and the vibration under different working conditions can be effectively coped with. By fixing permanent magnets on the outer cylinder 15 and the inner cylinder 14, the outer cylinder 15 functions like a magnetic nut, and the inner cylinder 14 functions like a magnetic stud. The magnetic repulsion of the permanent magnets is used to achieve coupling between the inner cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 15. When the device on the supporting plate 3 vibrates, the inner cylinder 14 receives the vibration and slides inside the outer cylinder 15. Due to the magnetic force, the inner cylinder 14 drives the outer cylinder 15 to rotate, and the vibration is absorbed by the sliding of the outer cylinder 15 in the smart fluid. Since the inner cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 15 are coupled by magnetic force and do not have real contact, the threads on the stud and the nut will not be squeezed and damaged when the vibration suddenly increases during use. In addition, the form of magnetic coupling has low requirements on lubricity, so the damper arranged in this way can adapt to larger load changes and is not easily damaged.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment, the outer spiral of the outer cylinder 15 is provided with a first magnetic tile mounting seat 20, and the outer spiral of the inner cylinder 14 is provided with a second magnetic tile mounting seat 21. The first magnetic tile mounting seat 20 and the second magnetic tile mounting seat 21 are both provided with magnetic tile mounting grooves. The permanent magnet is provided with a plurality of magnetic tiles, which are arc-shaped permanent magnets, and are radially magnetized. The magnetic tiles are embedded in the first magnetic tile mounting seat 20 and the second magnetic tile mounting seat 21 through interference fit. The arc-shaped permanent magnet is radially magnetized. After installation, the magnetic tiles form a strong magnetic field in the radial direction of the inner cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 15. The outer cylinder 15 and the inner cylinder 14 are respectively embedded with magnetic tiles through the spirally arranged first magnetic tile mounting seat 20 and the second magnetic tile mounting seat 21, and the magnetic field interaction between the magnetic tiles is enhanced, thereby improving the strength of the magnetic coupling between the inner cylinder 14 and the outer cylinder 15.

[0029] It should be noted that the permanent magnet may also be a whole spiral magnetic strip.

[0030] In some embodiments, the damper further includes a passive vibration reduction device, which includes a spring 5, and the two ends of the spring 5 are fixedly connected to the bearing plate 3 and the base 10 respectively. Different vibration sources have different frequency characteristics. As a passive vibration reduction device, the spring 5 has its own specific natural frequency and vibration reduction characteristics, and can effectively absorb vibrations within a specific frequency range. Combined with the original semi-active vibration reduction method achieved by smart fluid and magnetic coupling, it can cover a wider range of vibration frequencies and can play a good vibration reduction role for vibrations of different frequencies, thereby enhancing the vibration reduction effect of the entire damper. When the bearing plate 3 vibrates, the spring 5 will undergo elastic deformation, converting the kinetic energy of the vibration into the elastic potential energy of the spring 5 for storage, and then gradually releasing it. This process cooperates with the process of the outer cylinder 15 rotating and dissipating energy in the smart fluid, consuming vibration energy from different angles and methods, so that the damper can suppress vibration more efficiently and improve the stability of the structure. The spring 5 can play a role in balancing the force between the bearing plate 3 and the base 10. During vibration, it can buffer the sudden impact force, prevent excessive impact force from directly acting on other components of the damper, protect the inner column 14, the outer column 15 and the smart fluid and other components from damage, and extend the service life of the entire damper.

[0031] In some embodiments, the passive vibration reduction device further includes a guide shaft 2, the bottom end of the guide shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the base 10, and the top end of the guide shaft 2 is used to pass through the bearing plate 3 and be slidably connected. Specifically, the bearing plate 3 is provided with an opening, and a linear bearing 4 is provided in the opening, and the guide shaft 2 passes through the linear bearing 4, and a support 8 is provided on the base 10, and the bottom of the guide shaft 2 is fixedly provided on the support 8, and the spring 5 sleeve is used to be provided on the guide shaft 2. During the compression and tension process, if there is no guide structure, the spring 5 is prone to lateral bending and deformation, which will not only reduce the vibration reduction effect of the spring 5, but also may cause the spring 5 to be locally overstressed and shorten its service life. The guide shaft 2 provides a precise axial constraint for the spring 5, ensuring that the spring 5 can only perform telescopic movement along the axial direction of the guide shaft 2 during operation, avoiding the lateral bending of the spring 5, and ensuring that the spring 5 is always in a normal working state and gives full play to its vibration reduction performance.

[0032] In some embodiments, multiple passive vibration reduction devices are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer cylinder 15, and the device to be damped is arranged in the enclosed area of ​​multiple passive vibration reduction devices to avoid affecting the extension of the guide column. In a complex vibration environment, the evenly distributed passive vibration reduction devices can more effectively suppress vibrations than a single vibration reduction device, and improve the adaptability of the damper to complex vibration conditions. It should be noted that the spring 5 can also be arranged in a manner of providing a spring 5 with a larger diameter, and sleeved on the outer cylinder 15. In this case, there is no need to provide a guide shaft 2, and the outer cylinder 15 can act as the guide shaft 2.

[0033] In some embodiments, the smart fluid is an electrorheological fluid, and the receiving tank includes an inner annular electrode 22 and an outer annular electrode 23, both of which are aluminum alloy rings and are connected to an external power supply respectively, and the outer annular electrode 23 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner annular electrode 22, and the specific distance between the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23 can be selected as 3mm, and the clamping space between the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23 is used to accommodate the electrorheological fluid. The significant characteristic of the electrorheological fluid is that its viscosity changes rapidly under the action of the electric field. When an electric field is applied between the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23, the particles in the electrorheological fluid will rapidly polarize and form a chain or columnar structure, thereby greatly increasing the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid within milliseconds; and when the electric field is removed, these structures will quickly disintegrate and the viscosity will return to the initial state. The rapid response characteristics enable the damper to respond to changes in vibration in a timely manner, realize real-time adjustment of the damping force, and effectively suppress vibration. By adjusting the voltage applied by the external power supply to the inner and outer annular electrodes 23, the strength of the electric field in which the electrorheological fluid is located can be accurately controlled, thereby accurately adjusting the viscosity of the electrorheological fluid. According to the vibration information fed back by the vibration sensor, the control system can adjust the electric field strength in real time so that the damper provides a damping force that matches the current vibration state, thereby achieving accurate control of the vibration and improving the adaptability and vibration reduction effect of the damper.

[0034] It should be noted that the smart fluid may also be magnetorheological fluid, which can change viscosity under changes in the magnetic field, but the manufacture and control of the magnetic field are relatively complex. The voltage-controlled electrorheological fluid of this embodiment is more direct and relatively simple to control and adjust.

[0035] In some embodiments, the damper further comprises a flywheel 6, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 15. Specifically, the outer side of the flywheel 6 is fixedly connected to the outer cylinder 15 through four fixing pins 16, and a paddle 17 is provided at the bottom of the flywheel 6, which is slidably arranged in the receiving groove. The flywheel 6 has a large moment of inertia. When the outer cylinder 15 rotates due to the drive of the inner cylinder 14, the flywheel 6 rotates with the outer cylinder 15 and stores energy. During the vibration process, this energy storage and release process can effectively buffer the vibration and reduce the impact of the vibration energy on the external equipment. The paddle 17 at the bottom of the flywheel 6 slides in the smart fluid (such as electrorheological fluid) in the receiving groove, and will produce strong friction and stirring with the smart fluid. This action will cause viscous dissipation inside the smart fluid, converting the vibration energy into heat energy and consuming it. Moreover, as the vibration intensity increases, the movement amplitude and speed of the paddle 17 will also increase accordingly, and the interaction with the smart fluid will be more intense, so that more vibration energy can be consumed, further improving the vibration reduction effect of the damper. Moreover, the rotational inertia of the flywheel 6 makes the rotation of the outer cylinder 15 more stable, reduces the fluctuation during the rotation process, and helps to maintain the stability of the movement of the paddle 17 in the smart fluid, thereby making the output of the damping force more stable. Even when the vibration frequency or amplitude changes, the flywheel 6 can play a certain buffering and regulating role, avoiding large fluctuations in the damping force, and ensuring that the damper can continuously and stably play a vibration reduction role.

[0036] In some embodiments, the damper further includes an insulating pad 19, which is fixedly arranged above the base 10, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are arranged on the top of the insulating pad 19, wherein the first mounting groove is used to accommodate the inner annular electrode 22, and the second mounting groove is used to accommodate the outer annular electrode 23. The insulating pad 19 effectively isolates the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23 from the base 10 to avoid electrical connection between the electrodes and the base 10. Since the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23 are connected to an external power supply, if they are in direct contact with the base 10, they may form a short circuit due to accidental conduction, causing circuit failure or even damage to related equipment. The insulating pad 19 can ensure that the current is strictly limited within the electrode system, and ensure the safe operation of the damper electrical system. The insulating pad 19 fixes the electrode position, avoids electrode displacement due to vibration or external force, ensures the relative position between the inner annular electrode 22 and the outer annular electrode 23 is accurate, makes the electric field formed between the two more stable and uniform, ensures the consistency of the viscosity change of the electrorheological fluid, and improves the stability and reliability of the damping effect of the damper.

[0037] In some embodiments, the insulating pad 19 is a cylindrical hollow rubber insulating pad. Compared with a solid insulating pad, the cylindrical hollow structure increases the creepage distance between the electrode and the base 10, which can effectively prevent the current from being conducted along the surface of the insulating pad, further improve the insulation performance, reduce the risk of leakage, and enhance the electrical safety of the damper in a high voltage environment. When subjected to vibration, the cylindrical hollow rubber insulating pad can not only provide good buffering in the vertical direction, but its hollow structure also enables the rubber to have a certain elastic deformation ability in the horizontal direction, which can absorb and buffer vibration energy from multiple directions, and better protect the electrode and other components from vibration.

[0038] It should be noted that the insulating pad may also be an insulating pad made of insulating materials such as a silicone insulating pad.

[0039] In some embodiments, the electrorheological fluid is a polarized molecular electrorheological fluid, also known as a giant electrorheological fluid. Giant electrorheological fluid is an electrorheological suspension coated with nanoparticles. Under the action of an external electric field, it has controllable liquid-solid transition characteristics and can transform from a Newtonian fluid to a viscoplastic body with a certain shear yield strength within milliseconds, and this transformation is reversible. Compared with traditional electrorheological fluids, giant electrorheological fluids have higher shear yield strength and better rheological properties, and can adjust viscosity according to changes in the electric field to optimize vibration isolation effects.

[0040] In some embodiments, the damper further comprises a first ball bearing 12, a second ball bearing 18, a first sleeve 13 and a second sleeve 24, the outer ring of the first ball bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the bearing plate 3, the inner ring of the first ball bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder 15 through the first sleeve 13, the outer ring of the second ball bearing 18 is fixedly connected to the base 10, and the inner ring of the second ball bearing 18 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder 15 through the second sleeve 24. The rolling friction of the ball bearing is much smaller than the sliding friction. The first ball bearing 12 and the second ball bearing 18 are respectively mounted on the top and the bottom of the outer cylinder 15, so that when the outer cylinder 15 rotates, the friction between the bearing plate 3 and the base 10 is greatly reduced by the rolling of the balls, which not only reduces the energy loss in the friction process, improves the energy utilization efficiency of the damper, but also makes the rotation of the outer cylinder 15 smoother, ensuring the stable performance of the damping performance of the damper. The first sleeve 13 and the second sleeve 24 cooperate with the first ball bearing 12 and the second ball bearing 18 respectively to ensure the precise coaxiality between the outer cylinder 15 and the bearing plate 3 and the base 10. The outer cylinder 15 can maintain a stable axis position during the rotation process to avoid eccentric rotation, which is very important for ensuring the vibration reduction effect of the damper, because eccentric rotation may cause uneven damping force and affect the overall vibration reduction performance.

[0041] As a preferred embodiment, the damper also includes an upper cover plate 1, an upper end cover 11 and a lower end cover 9. An opening is provided on the bearing plate 3, and the opening is used to accommodate the upper cover plate 1. An upper end cover 11 is provided below the upper cover plate 1, and a lower end cover 9 is provided above the base 10. The outer ring of the first ball bearing 12 is fixedly connected to the upper end cover 11, and the outer ring of the second ball bearing 18 is fixedly connected to the lower end cover 9. The inner cylinder 14 is fixed to the bottom of the upper cover plate 1, and cooperates with the upper end cover 11 and the lower end cover 9 to form a space for the rotation of the outer cylinder 15 and the intelligent fluid regulation damping. It should be noted that the damper may also include an outer shell 7. Under the premise of not affecting the up and down movement space of the inner cylinder 14, the outer shell 7 may be provided above the lower end cover to protect the outer cylinder 15 to a certain extent.

[0042] The present invention uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The above examples are only used to help understand the method and core ideas of the present invention. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the ideas of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

Claims

1. A damper, characterized in that: It includes a bearing plate, a base, an inner cylinder, an outer cylinder and a receiving groove, wherein the bearing plate is arranged above the base, the receiving groove is arranged on the base and is connected to an electromagnetic field control device, the receiving groove is used to receive the smart fluid, the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder are both spirally arranged with permanent magnets in the same spiral direction, the inner cylinder is slidably arranged inside the outer cylinder, the top of the outer cylinder is rotatably connected to the bearing plate, and the bottom is rotatably arranged in the smart fluid.

2. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a passive vibration reduction device, which includes a spring, and two ends of the spring are fixedly connected to the bearing plate and the base respectively.

3. The damper according to claim 2, characterized in that: The passive vibration reduction device also includes a guide shaft, the bottom end of the guide shaft is fixedly connected to the base, the top end of the guide shaft is used to pass through the bearing plate and be slidably connected, and the spring sleeve is used to be arranged on the guide shaft.

4. The damper according to claim 3, characterized in that: A plurality of passive vibration reduction devices are evenly arranged along the circumference of the outer cylinder.

5. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: The smart fluid is an electrorheological fluid, the containing tank includes an inner annular electrode and an outer annular electrode, and are respectively connected to an external power supply, the outer annular electrode is sleeved on the outside of the inner annular electrode, and the clamping space between the inner annular electrode and the outer annular electrode is used to contain the electrorheological fluid.

6. The damper according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a flywheel, which is fixedly sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder, and a paddle is arranged at the bottom of the flywheel, and the paddle is slidably arranged in the accommodating groove.

7. The damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes an insulating pad, which is fixedly arranged above the base, and a first mounting groove and a second mounting groove are arranged on the top of the insulating pad, the first mounting groove is used to accommodate the inner annular electrode, and the second mounting groove is used to accommodate the outer annular electrode.

8. The damper according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulating pad is a cylindrical hollow rubber insulating pad.

9. The damper according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electrorheological fluid is a polarized molecular electrorheological fluid.

10. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a first ball bearing, a second ball bearing, a first sleeve and a second sleeve, the outer ring of the first ball bearing is fixedly connected to the supporting plate, the inner ring of the first ball bearing is fixedly connected to the top of the outer cylinder through the first sleeve, the outer ring of the second ball bearing is fixedly connected to the base, and the inner ring of the second ball bearing is fixedly connected to the bottom of the outer cylinder through the second sleeve.

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