Shock insulation supporting pad

Abstract

The invention relates to a shock insulation supporting pad which is provided with at least one core column, two supporting plates, a plurality of first material layers and a plurality of second material layers, the core column is a cylindrical body made of zinc metal or zinc alloy, and the two supporting plates are arranged at the two ends of the shock insulation supporting pad respectively. The first material layer and the second material layer are arranged between the two supporting plates in a staggered mode and surround the core column in a sleeved mode, so that the shock absorption effect is achieved through deformation of the core column and deformation of the first material layer and the second material layer, and the core column is made of zinc metal or zinc alloy through metal smelting. Therefore, the core column can be prevented from being functionally damaged or even melted due to high heat generated by repeated bending deformation, and further the shock insulation supporting pad which is environmentally friendly, high in toughness, good in damping effect and good in shock absorption effect is provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a support pad, and in particular to a support pad which is arranged on large objects such as buildings or bridges or on instruments and equipment to absorb the energy of earthquakes and environmental vibrations, and has the ability to recrystallize at room temperature after an earthquake to avoid strain hardening and maintain complete functions, and can suppress the increase in temperature during an earthquake due to its higher specific heat to avoid weakening of structural strength, and has a good shock-absorbing effect. Background Art

[0002] Most existing large objects such as buildings, bridges or machines are equipped with support pads with shock absorption and seismic isolation effects to absorb the energy and vibration generated during earthquakes. For example, U.S. Patent No. US5,655,756A (hereinafter referred to as the reference case) discloses an existing support pad structure. The support pad (Lead Rubber Bearing, LRB) of the reference case mainly includes a core column, and a support plate is respectively arranged at both ends of the core column. The two support plates are respectively fixed to the ground and a large object, and a plurality of metal layers and rubber layers are arranged between the two support plates. When an earthquake occurs, the deformation of the staggered rubber layers, metal layers and the core column made of lead can achieve the shock absorption effect, thereby reducing the damage caused by the earthquake.

[0003] However, the core column of the existing support pad such as the reference case is made of lead. Although the lead core column has the effect of bending and deforming to absorb the energy of the earthquake, because lead is a toxic heavy metal and its melting point is about 327°C, it will not only cause a significant impact on environmental pollution, but also the lead core column is prone to generate high heat when it is repeatedly bent and deformed during an earthquake. Since the specific heat of lead is low, the heat generated by the existing support pad in the process of absorbing earthquake energy can easily cause the core column to exceed 300°C; this can easily cause the function of the core column and the rubber layer to be damaged or even melted, resulting in damage to the function of the existing support pad, reduced energy absorption efficiency, and even damage to the existing support pad, thereby destroying the structure of the existing support pad and affecting its support strength; even if the temperature of the existing support pad does not reach the melting point of lead, the high temperature will cause the material of the existing support pad (including lead and rubber materials) to soften, greatly reducing the structural strength of the existing support pad, causing excessive displacement of the existing support pad, and at the same time reducing the support capacity and shock absorption effect of the existing support pad.

[0004] In addition, although tin is used as a material for manufacturing core columns in current academic research, tin has at least the following disadvantages and problems in use:

[0005] 1. Although the toxicity of tin is lower than that of lead (neurotoxic), it is still toxic and will still cause environmental pollution;

[0006] Second, the melting point of tin is about 232°C, which is much lower than that of lead. Therefore, it is more likely to damage the core column function or even melt during an earthquake, causing damage to the entire function of the existing support pad, reducing its energy absorption efficiency, and even causing damage to the existing support pad structure and affecting its supporting strength;

[0007] 3. When the temperature is below 13.2℃, tin will transform from β-form to α-form gray tin and become powdery, causing irreversible damage and thus losing its function; and

[0008] Fourth, the reserves of tin on earth are too small and it is estimated that it will be used up in about 20 to 40 years. Therefore, it is very expensive and difficult to obtain.

[0009] In view of the above-mentioned problems and shortcomings of the existing support pads, the existing lead support pads have been gradually banned or abandoned. Therefore, countries around the world are trying hard to think of other shock-absorbing materials or energy-absorbing mechanisms to solve energy absorption needs and environmental protection problems. One of the methods is to remove the lead core column, but the result is that the damping effect is insufficient, which will cause too much displacement of the existing support pad. If it is used in combination with other dampers such as oil dampers, the cost is expensive. It is not only not economical, but also requires a larger space to accommodate the damper and the support pad at the same time, which will cause relatively troubles in use. In addition, the use of tin support pads also has the above-mentioned shortcomings and problems. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the existing support pads. Summary of the invention

[0010] Therefore, in view of the defects and shortcomings of the existing support pad structure and use, the inventor has conducted continuous research and experiments and finally developed a present invention that can improve the existing defects.

[0011] The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a seismic isolation support pad, wherein the material of the core column of the seismic isolation support pad is a tough material made of zinc metal or zinc alloy that has a shear strain capacity of at least 50% through metal smelting; thereby, the shock absorption effect is achieved through the deformation of the core column and the deformation of each first material layer and the second material layer, and the non-lead core column can avoid the high heat and high temperature generated by repeated bending deformation, which may cause damage to the function of the core column or even melt the core column, thereby causing a significant impact on environmental pollution, thereby providing a seismic isolation support pad that is environmentally friendly, has good damping effect, maintains complete function, suppresses temperature increase and has good shock absorption effect.

[0012] To achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides a seismic isolation support pad, which includes:

[0013] At least one core column, wherein the material of at least one core column is a column made of zinc metal or zinc alloy, and the material of at least one core column has a shear strain capacity of at least 50% after metal smelting;

[0014] two support plates, which are spaced apart and respectively located at two ends of the seismic isolation support pad; and

[0015] A plurality of first material layers and a plurality of second material layers are interlacedly arranged between the two support plates and surround at least one core column.

[0016] Further, as for the seismic isolation support pad, the number of the core column is one.

[0017] Furthermore, as in the seismic isolation support pad, there are multiple core columns.

[0018] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers.

[0019] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column passes through two support plates, a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers.

[0020] Preferably, as in the seismic isolation support pad, the plurality of first material layers have the same or different thicknesses.

[0021] Preferably, as in the seismic isolation bearing pad, a plurality of the second material layers have the same or different thicknesses.

[0022] Preferably, as in the seismic isolation support pad, a bundle control unit covering the outside of the core column is provided between the core column, the plurality of first material layers and the plurality of second material layers.

[0023] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of the support plate.

[0024] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of the two support plates.

[0025] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of one of the support plates and the other of the support plates.

[0026] Preferably, as in the seismic isolation support pad, the purity of the mass ratio of the zinc material of the core column is 60% to less than 100%, so that the zinc metal or zinc alloy material can have a lower crystal recombination temperature and increase its toughness and ductility, can increase the ability to absorb vibration energy and avoid damage caused by low-cycle fatigue, and has the important function of continuous and long-term use.

[0027] Preferably, as described in the seismic isolation support pad, the metal smelting method of the material of the core column is annealing treatment, extrusion treatment, equal channel angular extrusion treatment, severe plastic deformation treatment, hydrostatic extrusion treatment, metal rolling treatment, die casting treatment, thermomechanical process, spark plasma sintering, sintering treatment, argon plasma treatment, spin forming treatment, axial forming treatment, shear forming treatment, flow spin forming treatment, forging treatment, high pressure torsion treatment or tempering treatment.

[0028] Preferably, the material of the core column can be annealed or tempered at a temperature of 40° C. to 415° C. to obtain different crystal particle sizes to meet the needs of various projects.

[0029] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the material of the core column is the zinc alloy; based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content in the zinc alloy is greater than or equal to 50 mass percent and less than 99 mass percent.

[0030] Preferably, as in the seismic isolation support pad, the core column is made of zinc metal or zinc alloy through metal smelting. The metal smelting method can use pressure, shear force, torsion, bending moment, tension or a combination of various forces above to make the zinc metal or zinc alloy produce at least one metal smelting process of the same or different degrees of strain (strains) and time intervals at various temperatures ranging from -12°C to 415°C (at the same temperature or at different temperatures) to increase its toughness and energy absorption function. The combination of the aforementioned forces can be a combination of pressure and torsion, a combination of pressure and shear force, or a combination of pressure and bending moment.

[0031] Preferably, as described in the seismic isolation support pad, the material of the core column is a zinc alloy; wherein the zinc alloy comprises zinc and a first component, and the first component comprises aluminum, copper, lithium, iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium, zirconium, bismuth, chromium, titanium, germanium, strontium, lead, silver or a combination of the above metals, so that the core column can have a lower weight ratio of zinc and increase its toughness.

[0032] Preferably, in the seismic isolation support pad, the material of the core column is the zinc alloy, and the zinc content in the zinc alloy is greater than or equal to 50 mass percent and less than or equal to 99 mass percent based on the total mass of the zinc alloy.

[0033] By means of the above technical means, the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention has at least the following advantages and effects:

[0034] 1. Shock-absorbing effect: When the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is in use, the two support plates are respectively fixed on the ground and the object. When an earthquake occurs, the shock-absorbing effect can be achieved through the deformation of the core column and the deformation of the first material layer and the second material layer. It can not only effectively prevent the vibration and energy of the earthquake or environment from being directly transmitted to the large object and causing damage to the object, but also provide a shock-absorbing effect for large objects such as buildings, bridges or machines. In addition, the present invention does not need to be used in combination with other dampers such as oil dampers to provide sufficient damping effect, which can greatly reduce the required cost and meet economic benefits, and does not require additional space for installation, so it is relatively convenient to use.

[0035] 2. Environmental protection: The core column of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is a column made of zinc metal or zinc alloy, wherein zinc is an environmentally friendly and biodegradable material, and is also a necessary component for the human body to maintain normal functioning. Therefore, when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention reaches its service life and needs to be disassembled, it will not cause environmental pollution problems and complies with environmental protection regulations.

[0036] 3. Improve damping effect: The seismic isolation support pad of the present invention uses the zinc metal or zinc alloy to make the required core column, wherein zinc has a higher yield stress (yield stress), it has a higher bearing capacity and greater damping. Therefore, the use of the core column made of zinc metal or zinc alloy can not only save materials and reduce the displacement of the seismic isolation support pad, but also can greatly improve its damping effect and enhance its seismic resistance, and at the same time increase the economic benefits, greatly improving engineering applications and economic benefits.

[0037] 4. Maintaining complete functions: The seismic isolation support pad of the present invention uses the zinc metal or zinc alloy to make the required core column, wherein the melting point of zinc is 420°C, which is higher than the melting point of lead (327°C). Therefore, during an earthquake, when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention absorbs seismic energy and the temperature rises, the degree of temperature rise will not reach the melting point of zinc. Therefore, the core column of the present invention will not lose its function during an earthquake, and can effectively maintain the complete functions of the core column and the seismic isolation support pad.

[0038] 5. Inhibit temperature rise: The seismic isolation support pad of the present invention uses the zinc metal or zinc alloy to make the required core column. Since the zinc metal or zinc alloy has a high specific heat (Specific Heat) and thermal conductivity (Coefficient of Thermal Conductivity), its temperature is not easy to rise after absorbing seismic energy during an earthquake, so it will not reduce the function of the core column to absorb vibration energy.

[0039] 6. Low-temperature crystal reorganization: Zinc can undergo crystal reorganization at a temperature of -12°C and change its energy absorption characteristics. The core column of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention uses a quality comparison of the zinc metal or zinc alloy, so that the core column can have a lower crystal reorganization temperature and increase its toughness. In particular, the zinc alloy with a zinc content of 60% (mass) to 90% (mass) and an aluminum content of 40% (mass) to 10% (mass) has very good toughness and can produce crystal reorganization at low temperatures. It will hardly produce low-cycle fatigue damage after earthquake energy absorption, and its properties are changed from a brittle material with poor mechanical properties (elongation strain, Elongation, less than 10%) to a tough material with very good mechanical properties, which can meet the basic requirements of earthquake energy absorption.

[0040] VII. Improve toughness and strength: The seismic isolation support pad of the present invention uses the core column made of the zinc metal or zinc alloy, wherein the material of the core column is subjected to metal smelting, and the metal smelting method includes annealing, extrusion, equal channel angular extrusion, severe plastic deformation, hydrostatic extrusion, metal rolling, die casting, thermomechanical process, spark plasma sintering, sintering, argon plasma, spinning, axial forming, shearing, flow spinning, forging, high pressure torsion or tempering. After being treated by methods such as treatment, its mechanical properties are improved from poor brittle materials (elongation strain is less than 10%) into a tough material with good mechanical properties and a shear strain capacity of at least 50%; further, the metal smelting method can use pressure, shear force, torsion, bending moment, tension, or a combination of the above forces at various temperatures (can be at the same temperature or at different temperatures) to allow the zinc metal or zinc alloy to produce at least one metal smelting process with the same or different degrees of strain (Strains) and time intervals to increase its toughness and energy absorption function, so that it has better strength to increase deformation and energy absorption capabilities, thereby improving the function of the seismic isolation support pad to absorb vibration energy during an earthquake.

[0041] 8. Increased stability: Since the strength of zinc is greater than that of lead and tin, the diameter of the core column made of zinc material is smaller than that of the lead core column and the tin core column. Therefore, the aperture of the accommodating hole of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is smaller, which can effectively improve the structural stability of the entire seismic isolation support pad. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the figures are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not specifically limited to the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can select various possible shapes and proportional dimensions to implement the present invention according to the teachings of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 A side cross-sectional view of a first preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 The first preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is Figure 2 The top view of the 3-3 cut line;

[0046] Figure 4 A top cross-sectional view of a second preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a third preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 A side cross-sectional view of a third preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 A side cross-sectional view of a fourth preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 A side cross-sectional view of a fifth preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0051] Fig. 9 A side cross-sectional view of a sixth preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.10 A side cross-sectional view of a seventh preferred embodiment of a seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.11 This is a three-dimensional diagram of the appearance of the test specimen of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.12 It is a side view of the appearance of the test specimen of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.13 It is a top view of the appearance of the test specimen of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.14The test specimen of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is along Fig.12 A side cross-sectional view of the 14-14 cut line;

[0057] Fig.15 It is a hysteresis cycle response relationship diagram when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is subjected to a relative displacement of 33 millimeters (mm) in the horizontal direction (or lateral direction);

[0058] Fig.16 It is a hysteresis cycle response relationship diagram when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is subjected to a relative displacement of 49.5 millimeters (mm) in the horizontal direction (or lateral direction);

[0059] Fig.17 It is a hysteresis cycle response relationship diagram of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention when it is subjected to a relative displacement of 66 millimeters (mm) in the horizontal direction (or lateral direction). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0060] In order to understand the technical features and practical effects of the present invention in detail and to realize them according to the contents of the specification, a preferred embodiment as shown in the figure is further described in detail as follows:

[0061] The present invention is a seismic isolation support pad installed on objects such as buildings, bridges, machines or instruments and equipment. Figures 1 to 3 In the first preferred embodiment shown, the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention mainly includes a core column 10, two support plates 20, multiple first material layers 30 and multiple second material layers 40, wherein the core column 10 can be circular, square and any other possible geometric cross-section; wherein the material of the core column 10 is a column made of zinc metal or zinc alloy that has been smelted and has a toughness material with a shear strain capacity of at least 50%.

[0062] Among them, zinc is an environmentally friendly and biodegradable material, and is also an essential component for the human body to maintain normal functioning; the purity of the zinc metal is above 99%, and the purity of the zinc metal is defined by mass percentage. For example, the purity of the zinc metal is 99.9%, which means that based on the total mass of the zinc metal (100%), the zinc content accounts for 99.9%, and the rest is impurities of the zinc metal; further, zinc metal with a purity of 99% to 99.5% can increase the ability to absorb vibration energy with fewer metal smelting procedures but more metal smelting time; zinc metal with a purity of 99.5% to 99.9% can increase the ability to absorb vibration energy in a more economical way with less zinc material after metal smelting; zinc metal with a purity of 99.9% to 99.98% can increase the ability to absorb vibration energy and avoid low cycle fatigue with less zinc material in a more economical way. Zinc metal with a purity of 99.98% to 99.995% can increase its toughness and strength after a shorter period of metal smelting, and can also undergo crystal recrystallization at room temperature to increase its ability to absorb vibration energy and avoid damage caused by low-cycle fatigue, so it can continue to be used for a long time; Zinc metal with a purity of 99.995% to 100% itself has greater toughness. After a shorter period of metal smelting, it can increase its strength and toughness to increase the deformation of the support pad, and has a lower crystal recrystallization temperature of the core column 10, which can increase its ability to absorb vibration energy and avoid damage caused by low-cycle fatigue. After an earthquake, it can recover like a new material due to crystal recrystallization at low temperature, and has the important function of continuous and long-term use.

[0063] Further, based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content in the zinc alloy is greater than or equal to 50 mass percentage (mass percentage, mass %) and less than or equal to 99% (mass) (i.e., 50% (mass) ≦ zinc content ≦ 99% (mass)); in some embodiments, the zinc alloy may include zinc and a first additive; the first additive includes aluminum, copper, lithium, iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium, zirconium, bismuth, chromium, titanium, germanium, strontium, lead, silver or a combination of the above metals, but not limited thereto, so that the core column 10 can have a lower weight ratio of zinc and increase its toughness; preferably, the zinc alloy includes zinc and aluminum; wherein, based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content is 60% (mass) to 90% (mass), and the aluminum content is 10% (mass) to 40% (mass); and the aforementioned zinc alloy can increase the toughness (Ductility) and ductility (Malleability) of the core column 10; further, in some embodiments, based on the total mass of the zinc alloy In some embodiments, based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content is greater than or equal to 95% (mass) and less than or equal to 99% (mass). The zinc alloy meeting the above zinc content needs to undergo multiple metal smelting procedures and requires more metal smelting time to increase its toughness and ductility. Therefore, the purity of the mass ratio of the zinc material of the core column 10 of the present invention is 60% to 100% or less, so that the zinc metal or zinc alloy material can have a lower crystal recombination temperature and increase its toughness and ductility, increase the ability to absorb vibration energy and avoid damage caused by low cycle fatigue, and has the important function of continuous and long-term use.

[0064] The two support plates 20 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the seismic isolation support pad and are arranged parallel to each other. The two support plates 20 can be circular, square or any other possible geometric shapes, and can be combined with the ground and large objects such as buildings, bridges or machines or small objects such as instruments and equipment. A corresponding accommodating hole 21 for accommodating the end of the core column 10 is respectively provided at the center of the two support plates 20. The two support plates 20 can be combined with structures, instruments and equipment, foundations, abutments or floor slabs by bolts, welding or rivets, etc., without limitation; Figure 1 As shown, each of the support plates 20 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 60 arranged in an annular manner at intervals.

[0065] The first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 are alternately disposed between the two support plates 20 and surround the core column 10, wherein each of the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 can be a sheet body that matches the two support plates 20 in a circular, square or any other possible geometric shape, or can be in a different shape from the two support plates 20, for example, the two support plates 20 can be square, and the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 can be circular, wherein each of the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 are made of a deformable material and can be Different materials are selected. Preferably, each first material layer 30 can be made of rubber, metal, carbon fiber or composite material, and each second material layer 40 can be made of metal, rubber, carbon fiber or composite material. The core column 10 passes through two support plates 20, multiple first material layers 30 and multiple second material layers 40; wherein each first material layer 30 has the same thickness or the thickness of at least one layer is different from the thickness of other layers, and each second material layer 40 has the same thickness or the thickness of at least one layer is different from the thickness of other layers.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 2 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the shear strain of the core column 10 is defined as the horizontal deformation (Horizontal Deformation) or lateral deformation (Lateral Deformation) D of the core column 10 divided by the height H of the core column 10 subjected to shear deformation, that is, D / H, wherein the horizontal deformation or lateral deformation D of the core column 10 refers to the relative horizontal displacement (Relative Horizontal Displacement) or relative lateral displacement (Relative Lateral Displacement) between the top and bottom ends of the core column 10 penetrating multiple first material layers 30 and multiple second material layers 40, and the height H of the core column 10 subjected to shear deformation is the sum of the thicknesses of the multiple first material layers 30 and multiple second material layers 40 penetrated by the core column 10.

[0067] By virtue of the above-mentioned technical features, when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is used, the two support plates 20 are fixed on the ground and the object respectively. When an earthquake occurs, the core column 10 can be deformed, as well as the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 to achieve a shock-absorbing effect. This can not only effectively prevent the vibration and energy of the earthquake or environment from being directly transmitted to large objects and causing damage to the objects, but also provide a shock-absorbing effect for large objects such as buildings, bridges or machines. In addition, the present invention does not need to be used in combination with other dampers such as hydraulic dampers to provide sufficient damping effect, which can greatly reduce the required cost and meet economic benefits, and does not require additional space for installation, which is relatively convenient to use. Furthermore, the core column 10 is zinc (Zinc) or zinc alloy that has undergone metal smelting and has a shear strain (Shear Strength) of at least 50%. The columnar body is made of a tough material with a capacity of 1000 Strain, wherein zinc is an environmentally friendly material and a biodegradable material (Biodegradable), and is also a necessary component for the human body to maintain normal functioning. Therefore, when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention reaches its service life and needs to be disassembled, it will not cause environmental pollution problems and complies with environmental protection regulations.

[0068] Furthermore, zinc has a higher yield stress (also called yield stress), and has a higher bearing capacity and greater damping. Therefore, the core column 10 made of zinc can not only save materials and reduce the displacement of the seismic isolation support pad, but also greatly improve its damping effect and enhance its seismic resistance, while also increasing economic benefits, greatly improving engineering applications and economic benefits; plus the melting point of zinc is 420°C, which is higher than the melting point of lead (327°C). Therefore, during an earthquake, when the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention absorbs seismic energy and the temperature rises, the degree of temperature rise will not reach the melting point of zinc. Therefore, the core column 10 of the present invention will not lose its function during an earthquake, and can effectively maintain the complete functions of the core column 10 and the seismic isolation support pad; in addition, since zinc has a higher specific heat and thermal conductivity, its temperature is not easy to rise after absorbing seismic energy during an earthquake, and therefore the function of the core column 10 to absorb vibration energy will not be reduced.

[0069] Furthermore, the zinc or zinc alloy material of the core column 10 is annealed or tempered at a temperature of 40° C. to 415° C. to increase its toughness and ductility and obtain different crystal particle sizes to meet the requirements of various projects.

[0070] Furthermore, the metal smelting method of the zinc or zinc alloy material of the core column 10 is annealing process or extrusion process or equal channel angular pressing process (ECAP) or severe plastic deformation process (SPD) or hydrostatic extrusion process or metal rolling process or die casting process or thermal-mechanical processing or spark plasma sintering or sintering process or argon plasma process or spinning forming process or axial forming process or shear forming process or flow spinning forming process or forging process or high pressure torsion process. After being treated by methods such as annealing process (HPT) or tempering process, the core column 10 becomes a tough material with a shear strain capacity of at least 50%, thereby having better toughness, ductility and strength to increase the ability of deformation and energy absorption; wherein, the material of the core column 10 can be annealed or tempered at a temperature of 40°C to 415°C to obtain different crystal particle sizes to meet the needs of various engineering projects.

[0071] Furthermore, the zinc metal or zinc alloy is formed by metal smelting, wherein the metal smelting method can use pressure, shear force, torsion, bending moment, tension or a combination of the aforementioned forces, and the zinc metal or zinc alloy is subjected to at least one metal smelting process of the same or different degrees of strains and time intervals at various temperatures ranging from -12°C to 415°C (at the same temperature or at different temperatures) to increase its toughness and energy absorption function, thereby improving the function of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention to absorb vibration energy during an earthquake; the metal smelting method of the material of the core column 10 uses a combination of pressure and torsion, a combination of pressure and shear force, or a combination of pressure and bending moment, which can increase the toughness and vibration energy absorption function of the core column 10; wherein the combination of the aforementioned forces can be a combination of pressure and torsion, a combination of pressure and shear force, or a combination of pressure and bending moment.

[0072] In order to verify that the use of zinc metal or zinc alloy after metal smelting as the material of the core column 10 has outstanding important functions and effects, the present invention conducted a series of experiments on seismic isolation bearing pads, in which the following Figures 11 to 14 The experimental specimen of the first preferred embodiment shown in the figure (the difference between the experimental specimen and the first preferred embodiment is that the first material layer 30 is wrapped on the outside to protect the specimen from the influence of weather, and will not affect the actual engineering use function and mechanical behavior of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention) is tested in related experiments. The diameter of the experimental specimen is 146 millimeters (mm) and the height is 85 millimeters (mm). The core column 10 of the experimental specimen is made of zinc. According to the above definition of the present invention, the height H of the core column 10 subjected to shear deformation is as follows: Fig.14 The diameter of the core column 10 is 12.5 mm and the cross-sectional area is 122.7185 mm2. 2 ), there are 11 layers of the first material layers 30, each of which has a thickness of 3 mm, and the total thickness of the first material layers 30 is 33 mm. Each of the first material layers 30 is a rubber material, and the shear modulus of the rubber material is 1.077 MPa (i.e., 10.979 kgf / cm 2 ), there are 10 layers of the second material layer 40, each of which has a thickness of 2 mm, so the total thickness of the plurality of second material layers 40 is 20 mm, each of which is made of steel, the height H of the core column 10 is the sum of the thickness of the plurality of first material layers 30 and the plurality of second material layers 40 penetrated by the core column 10 is 53 mm (mm, i.e. 33 mm + 20 mm), and the thickness of each of the support plates 20 is 16 mm (mm) of steel; wherein, Figures 15 to 17 It shows the hysteresis loops between the relative horizontal displacement (Relative Horizontal Displacement) and the horizontal force (Horizontal Force) or shear force (Shear Force) of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention when the relative displacement is in different horizontal directions under a vertical pressure of 10 MPa.

[0073] During the experiment, the frequency of the horizontal cyclic loading of the above-mentioned test specimen was set to 0.4 Hz (cycle 2.5 seconds), wherein, Fig.15 The figure shows that the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention (the core column 10 is also the same) withstands a relative horizontal displacement of 33 mm (i.e. Fig.14 According to the definition of the present invention, the shear strain (D / H) of the zinc core column 10 in this experiment is 33 mm / 53 mm=62.264%. According to the definition of the design criteria and instructions for seismic isolation bridges of the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (hereinafter referred to as AASHTO), the shear strain of the first material layer 30 is 33 mm / 33 mm=100% (AASHTO does not define the shear strain of the core column 10). Fig.16 The hysteresis cycle response of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention (the core column 10 as well) when subjected to a relative horizontal displacement of 49.5 mm (i.e., deformation D). According to the aforementioned definition of the present invention, the shear strain of the core column 10 of the experimental specimen is 49.5 mm / 53 mm=93.396%, and according to the definition of AASHTO, the shear strain of the first material layer 30 is 49.5 mm / 33 mm=150%; Fig.17 This is the hysteresis cyclic response of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention (the core column 10 as well) when it is subjected to a relative horizontal displacement of 66 millimeters (mm) (i.e., deformation D). According to the above definition of the present invention, the shear strain of the core column 10 of the experimental specimen is 66 millimeters (mm) / 53 millimeters (mm)=124.528%, and according to the definition of AASHTO, the shear strain of the first material layer 30 is 66 millimeters (mm) / 33 millimeters (mm)=200%.

[0074] Please refer to the following Fig.15 As shown, among which, Fig.15It can be seen that when the relative horizontal displacement is 33 millimeters (mm), the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation bearing pad of the present invention is 3.488 kilonewtons (kN). However, according to the design criteria and instructions of AASHTO seismic isolation bridges, the characteristic strength of the lead rubber bearing pad (LRB) of the same size is only 0.99402 kN (i.e., 6.36173×lead diameter×lead diameter N (Newton)=6.36173×12.5×12.5 Newton=994.02 Newton (N)=0.99402 kN). From the above characteristic strength, it can be seen that the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation bearing pad of the present invention is about 3.5090 times that of the lead rubber bearing pad; and, Fig.15 The experimental results show that when the relative horizontal displacement is 33 mm, the energy absorbed by the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in each cycle is an average of 469.898 kN-mm. However, according to AASHTO, the energy absorbed by the lead rubber pad of the same size in each cycle is an average of 131.2106 kN-mm. Therefore, the function of the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in absorbing vibration energy is about 3.5812 times that of the lead rubber pad. Furthermore, Fig.15 From the experimental results, it can be seen that the equivalent damping ratio (Equivalent Effective Damping Ratio) of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is 12.0874%. However, according to AASHTO, the equivalent damping ratio of the lead rubber support pad of the same size and rubber material (the same shear modulus is 1.077MPa) is 3.9733%. Therefore, the equivalent damping ratio of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is approximately 3.04216 times that of the lead rubber support pad.

[0075] Please refer to Fig.16 As shown by Fig.16 It can be seen that the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is 4.447 kN when the relative horizontal displacement is 49.5 mm, while the characteristic strength of the lead rubber support pad of the same size according to AASHTO is only 0.99402 kN, so the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is about 4.4738 times that of the lead rubber support pad; further, Fig.16 The experimental results show that the energy absorbed by the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in each cycle is an average of 1196.2347 kN-mm, however, according to AASHTO, the energy absorbed by the lead rubber pad of the same size in each cycle is an average of 196.8160 kN-mm. Therefore, the function of the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in absorbing vibration energy is about 6.0779 times that of the lead rubber pad. Furthermore, Fig.16The experimental results show that the equivalent damping ratio of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is 13.0480%. However, according to AASHTO, the equivalent damping ratio of the lead rubber support pad of the same size and rubber material is 2.7052%. Therefore, the equivalent damping ratio of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is about 4.8233 times that of the lead rubber support pad.

[0076] Please refer to Fig.17 As shown by Fig.17 It can be seen that the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is 4.850 kN when the relative horizontal displacement is 66 mm. However, according to AASHTO, the lead rubber support pad of the same size is only 0.99402 kN. Therefore, the characteristic strength of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is about 4.8792 times that of the lead rubber support pad. Further, Fig.17 The experimental results show that the energy absorbed by the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in each cycle is an average of 1513.0443 kN-mm, however, according to AASHTO, the energy absorbed by the lead rubber pad of the same size in each cycle is an average of 262.4213 kN-mm, so the function of the seismic isolation pad of the present invention in absorbing vibration energy is about 5.7657 times that of the lead rubber pad; further, Fig.17 The experimental results show that the equivalent damping ratio of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is 10.4673%. However, according to AASHTO, the equivalent damping ratio of the lead rubber support pad of the same size and rubber material is 2.05066%. Therefore, the equivalent damping ratio of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is about 5.104357 times that of the lead rubber support pad.

[0077] In summary, the hysteresis cycle reaction of the aforementioned experimental specimens is sufficient to prove that the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention has quite stable mechanical behavior and quite good toughness. Compared with the characteristics of the lead-core rubber support pad, it can also be proved that the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention has much higher strength and ability to absorb vibration energy, and has an outstanding effect.

[0078] Please refer to Figure 4 The second preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The difference of the first preferred embodiment shown is that the seismic isolation support pad is provided with a plurality of core columns 10, wherein each of the core columns 10 is arranged at intervals relative to the center of the seismic isolation support pad, and the damping effect is provided by deformation within each of the core columns 10.

[0079] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The third preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3The difference of the first preferred embodiment shown is that: in the third preferred embodiment, the seismic isolation support pad is provided with a restraining unit 50 wrapped around the outside of the core column 10 between the core column 10, the first material layer 30, the second material layer 40 and the two support plates 20, wherein the restraining unit 50 is made of a deformable or high specific heat material, so as to provide a restraining function and a deformation space or a function of suppressing temperature rise for the core column 10. Preferably, the restraining unit 50 is a deformable soft material, a material with high specific heat, a material with high thermal conductivity, a hollow cylinder or a coil spring.

[0080] Please refer to Figure 7 The fourth preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The difference from the first preferred embodiment shown is that in the fourth preferred embodiment, the core column 10 of the seismic isolation support pad passes through the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 , but does not pass through the two support plates 20 .

[0081] Please refer to Figure 8 The fifth preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The difference of the first preferred embodiment shown is that in the fifth preferred embodiment, the core column 10 of the seismic isolation bearing pad passes through the first material layer 30 , the second material layer 40 , and a portion of the thickness of the two support plates 20 .

[0082] Please refer to Fig. 9 The sixth preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The difference of the first preferred embodiment shown is that in the sixth preferred embodiment, the core column 10 of the seismic isolation support pad passes through the first material layer 30, the second material layer 40, and passes through a portion of the thickness of one support plate 20 and another support plate 20.

[0083] Please refer to Fig.10 The seventh preferred embodiment of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figures 1 to 3 The difference of the first preferred embodiment is that in the seventh preferred embodiment, the core column 10 of the seismic isolation bearing pad passes through a portion of the first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 .

[0084] By virtue of the above-mentioned technical features, the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention mainly provides a damping effect by virtue of the deformation of each core column 10, and at the same time cooperates with the deformation of each first material layer 30 and the second material layer 40 to achieve a better shock absorption effect, so as to prevent the vibration and energy of the earthquake from being directly transmitted to large objects and small objects such as instruments and equipment to cause damage to the objects, and the core column 10 made of the zinc metal or zinc alloy has a higher melting point, specific heat and thermal conductivity coefficient, which can avoid the high temperature generated by repeated bending deformation, which may cause functional damage or even melting of each core column 10 and cause significant impact on environmental pollution, and can produce crystal reorganization at low temperature, and almost no low-cycle fatigue damage will occur after earthquake energy absorption, and its properties are changed from a brittle material with poor mechanical properties to a mechanically stable material. The tough material has quite good properties and can meet the basic requirements of earthquake energy absorption. Furthermore, the present invention produces at least one metal smelting process of the same or different degrees of strain (Strains) and time intervals for the zinc metal or zinc alloy of the core column 10 to increase its toughness and energy absorption function, so that it has better strength to increase the ability to deform and absorb energy, thereby improving the function of the seismic isolation support pad to absorb vibration energy during an earthquake; in addition, the present invention further sets the restraining unit 50 on each of the core columns 10 to provide the core column 10 with a restraining function and a deformation space or a function to suppress temperature rise, thereby enhancing the seismic isolation function of the seismic isolation support pad of the present invention, and providing a seismic isolation support pad that is environmentally friendly, has good damping effect, maintains complete function, suppresses temperature rise and has good shock absorption effect.

[0085] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any technician in the relevant technical field, if they do not depart from the scope of the technical solution proposed by the present invention, use the equivalent embodiments made by partial changes or modifications of the technical contents recorded in the present invention, and do not depart from the technical solution content of the present invention, they still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seismic isolation support pad, characterized in that: The seismic isolation support pad includes: At least one core column, at least one of the core columns is a column made of zinc metal or zinc alloy, and the material of at least one of the core columns has a shear strain capacity of at least 50% after metal smelting; Two support plates, which are spaced apart and respectively located at two ends of the seismic isolation support pad; as well as A plurality of first material layers and a plurality of second material layers are interlacedly arranged between the two support plates and surround at least one core column.

2. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the core column is one.

3. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the core columns is multiple.

4. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers.

5. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core column passes through the two support plates, a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers.

6. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core column passes through a portion of the first material layers and a portion of the second material layers.

7. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of first material layers have the same thickness.

8. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of second material layers have the same thickness.

9. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: At least one of the plurality of first material layers has different thicknesses.

10. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: At least one of the plurality of second material layers has different thicknesses.

11. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one of the plurality of second material layers has different thicknesses.

12. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 5, characterized in that: At least one of the plurality of second material layers has different thicknesses.

13. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: A bundling unit covering the outside of the core column is provided between the core column, the plurality of first material layers and the plurality of second material layers.

14. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of the support plate.

15. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of the two support plates.

16. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core column passes through a plurality of the first material layers and a plurality of the second material layers, and passes through a portion of the thickness of one of the support plates and another of the support plates.

17. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The zinc material of the core column has a purity of at least 60% by mass.

18. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The metal smelting method of the material of the core column is annealing, extrusion, equal channel angular extrusion, severe plastic deformation, hydrostatic extrusion, metal rolling, die casting, thermomechanical process, spark plasma sintering, sintering, argon plasma, spinning, axial forming, shear forming, flow spinning, forging, high pressure torsion or tempering.

19. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column is the zinc alloy; based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content in the zinc alloy is greater than or equal to 50 mass percent and less than or equal to 99 mass percent.

20. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 19, wherein: The zinc alloy comprises zinc and a first component, wherein the first component comprises aluminum, copper, lithium, iron, magnesium, manganese, calcium, zirconium, bismuth, chromium, titanium, germanium, strontium, lead, silver or a combination of the above metals.

21. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 19, wherein: Based on the total mass of the zinc alloy, the zinc content in the zinc alloy is greater than or equal to 60 mass percent and less than or equal to 90 mass percent.

22. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column is zinc metal, and the purity of the zinc metal is above 99%.

23. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 22, characterized in that The zinc metal has a purity of 99% to 99.5%.

24. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 22, wherein: The zinc metal has a purity of 99.5% to 99.9%.

25. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 22, wherein: The zinc metal has a purity of 99.9% to 99.98%.

26. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 22, wherein: The zinc metal has a purity of 99.98% to 99.995%.

27. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 22, wherein: The zinc metal has a purity of 99.995% to 100%.

28. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column is subjected to at least one metal smelting process to generate strain.

29. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column is subjected to multiple metal smelting processes to generate strain.

30. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column is subjected to at least one metal smelting process to generate strain at the same temperature.

31. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The material of the core column undergoes at least one metal smelting process to generate strain at different temperatures.

32. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, wherein: The metal smelting method of the material of the core column is to use pressure, shear force, torsion, bending moment, or tension, or a combination of various forces above.

33. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal smelting method of the material of the core column is to use a combination of pressure and torsion.

34. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal smelting method of the material of the core column is a combination of pressure and shear force.

35. The seismic isolation support pad according to claim 1, characterized in that The metal smelting method of the material of the core column is a combination of pressure and bending moment.

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