Piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance

Abstract

The piston ring assembly comprises a first ring (1), a second ring (2) and an oil ring (3), the first ring (1), the second ring (2) and the oil ring (3) are sequentially installed in a ring groove in a piston (4) from top to bottom, the first ring (1) is provided with a cut-off opening (101), the two ends, formed after the first ring (1) is cut off by the cut-off opening (101), of the first ring (1) are in lap joint, and the two ends of the second ring (3) are in lap joint. An inclined chamfer (102) is arranged at the connecting position of the top face of the first ring (1) and an inner hole, a plurality of spaced air entraining grooves (103) are formed in the top face of the first ring (1), the air entraining grooves (103) are through in the radial direction of the first ring (1), the top face of the first ring (1) is divided into a notch area (104) and a non-notch area (105) in the circumferential direction, the cut-off opening (101) is located in the notch area (104), and the cut-off opening (101) is located in the non-notch area (105). And the plurality of air entraining grooves (103) are uniformly distributed in the non-cut area (105) around the center of the first ring (1) along the circumference. According to the piston ring assembly with the enhanced sealing performance, the sealing capacity of the piston ring under high detonation pressure can be greatly improved, and the air leakage of the piston is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engines, and in particular to a piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance. Background Art

[0002] The piston ring is the core component of the fuel engine. The piston ring is installed in the ring groove on the piston. The piston ring, piston and cylinder together complete the sealing of fuel gas. According to the functional classification, the piston ring is divided into two types: pressure ring and oil ring. Usually, the piston used in the internal combustion engine is installed with three piston rings: the first ring and the second ring as the pressure ring and the oil ring. The compression ring can be used to seal the combustible mixed gas in the combustion chamber; the oil ring is used to scrape off the excess oil on the cylinder.

[0003] With the continuous increase of diesel engine mean effective pressure and explosion pressure, piston leakage is getting bigger and bigger, and improving the sealing of piston ring has become a design difficulty. If the piston leakage is too large, the cylinder liner, piston ring and piston will be excessively worn at an early stage, which will affect the service life. In severe cases, it will cause serious malignant faults such as cylinder scuffing and oil aging. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance, which can greatly improve the sealing ability of the piston ring under high explosion pressure and reduce the piston leakage.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance comprises a first ring, a second ring and an oil ring, wherein the first ring, the second ring and the oil ring are sequentially installed in the ring groove on the piston from top to bottom.

[0007] The first ring is provided with a cut-off opening, and the two ends of the first ring (1) formed after being cut off by the cut-off opening are overlapped, and a chamfer is provided at the connection between the top surface of the first ring and the inner hole, and a plurality of spaced air-introducing grooves are provided on the top surface of the first ring, and the air-introducing grooves are penetrated in the radial direction of the first ring.

[0008] Assume that the top surface of the first ring is divided into a cutout area and a non-cutout area along the circumferential direction, the cutout is located in the cutout area, and a plurality of the air guide grooves are evenly distributed in the non-cutout area along the circumference around the center of the first ring.

[0009] Preferably, the angle of the chamfer is α, 30°≤α≤45°, the thickness of the first ring is T, the depth of the chamfer is Z, 0.25T≤Z≤0.35T.

[0010] Preferably, the annular groove on the piston comprises a first annular groove, a second annular groove and a third annular groove arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first ring is installed in the first annular groove, the second ring is installed in the second annular groove, and the oil ring is installed in the third annular groove.

[0011] The inner hole of the first ring is a tapered hole. The distance δ1 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first annular groove and the distance δ2 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first annular groove are 0.8mm≤δ1≤1mm, and 0.6δ1≤δ2≤0.8δ1.

[0012] Preferably, the depth of the air-inducing groove is H, 0.15 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.30 mm.

[0013] Preferably, the air-introducing groove is configured as an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is configured concentrically with the first ring 1 . The central angle of the air-introducing groove is θ, and 10°≤θ≤15°.

[0014] Preferably, the angle between the groove wall of the air-inducing groove closest to the cut-off opening and the center line of the cut-off opening is θ1, and 15°≤θ1≤20°.

[0015] Preferably: the top surface of the first ring is a pressure-bearing end surface, and in the non-cut region, the corresponding angle of the pressure-bearing end surface between two adjacent air-inducing grooves is θ2, 10°≤θ2≤15°.

[0016] Preferably: the cut-off is a stepped cut-off, and the two ends formed after being disconnected by the cut-off are respectively a first L-shaped overlapping end and a second L-shaped overlapping end, the first L-shaped overlapping end includes a first horizontal block, the second L-shaped overlapping end includes a second horizontal block, the first horizontal block is overlapped on the second horizontal block, the thickness of the first horizontal block is set to T1, the thickness of the first ring is set to T, 0.6T≤T1≤0.8T, the overlapping width of the first horizontal block and the second horizontal block is set to T2, 4mm≤T2≤10mm, the gap of the cut-off includes a transverse gap T3 and a vertical gap T4, the outer diameter of the first ring is set to D, 0.56%D≤T3≤0.64%D, 0.08mm≤T4≤0.15mm.

[0017] Preferably, the second ring is provided with a vertical cut-off opening, and the gap of the vertical cut-off opening is set to T5, 0.75T3≤T5≤0.9T3.

[0018] Preferably, the oil ring is provided with a vertical cut-off opening, and the gap of the vertical cut-off opening of the oil ring is set to T6, 0.6T3≤T6≤0.8T3.

[0019] After adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance of the present invention has a first ring installed in a first ring groove. The sealing performance of the piston ring can be improved by setting a plurality of spaced air inlet grooves. The air inlet grooves are radially connected along the first ring, so that the air inlet grooves are in communication with the chamfers, and an air passage is formed between the air inlet grooves and the top wall of the first ring groove. Due to the effect of the air inlet grooves, the high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber can better enter the top surface of the first ring and the cavity formed by the chamfers and the first ring groove wall, thereby increasing the gas pressure there, forcing the first ring 1 to be pressed outward and downward, thereby improving the sealing performance of the first ring. The degree of compression of the first ring is related to the pressure in the cylinder. The greater the pressure in the cylinder, the stronger the compression, thereby achieving the effect that the sealing surface pressure of the first ring is automatically enhanced as the pressure in the cylinder increases, thereby greatly improving the sealing ability of the piston ring assembly under high explosion pressure and reducing the amount of piston leakage.

[0021] In addition, a plurality of spaced air inlet grooves are provided on the top surface of the first ring, so that the pressure difference between the upper and lower end surfaces of the first ring is large, and the problem of the first ring floating will not occur. Therefore, the fitting clearance between the piston ring bank and the cylinder liner can be reduced, and the cut clearance between the vertical cut-off opening of the second ring and the vertical cut-off opening of the oil ring can also be reduced. The reduction of the cut clearance between the two can further reduce the leakage of the piston ring assembly.

[0022] In summary, the piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance of the present invention can significantly improve the sealing ability of the piston ring under high explosion pressure and reduce the amount of piston leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to the present invention being installed on a piston;

[0024] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in the middle;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first ring;

[0026] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A top view schematic diagram of

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first ring cut;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second ring;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil ring;

[0030] In the figure: 1. first ring; 101. cut-off; 1011. first L-shaped lap end; 1012. second L-shaped lap end; 102. chamfer; 103. air induction groove; 104. cut-off area; 105. non-cut-off area; 2. second ring; 201. vertical cut-off; 3. oil ring; 301. vertical cut-off of oil ring; 4. piston; 401. first ring groove; 402. second ring groove; 403. third ring groove; 5. cylinder liner; 6. combustion chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments to further understand the purpose, solution and effect of the present invention, but it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

[0032] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0033] In addition, although the terms first, second, third, etc. can be used in the text to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections, these elements, components, regions, layers and / or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms can only be used to distinguish an element, component, region, layer or section from another region, layer or section. Unless the context clearly indicates, terms such as "first", "second" and other numerical terms do not imply order or sequence when used in the text. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer or section discussed below can be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer or section without departing from the teaching of the example embodiments.

[0034] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance shown includes a first ring 1, a second ring 2 and an oil ring 3, which are sequentially installed in the ring groove on the piston 4 from top to bottom. The piston is located in the cylinder liner 5 and can reciprocate along the inner wall of the cylinder liner 5.

[0035] like Figure 3As shown, the first ring 1 is provided with a cut-off opening 101, and the two ends of the first ring 1 formed after being cut off by the cut-off opening 101 are overlapped, and a chamfer 102 is provided at the connection between the top surface of the first ring 1 and the inner hole, and a plurality of spaced air-inducing grooves 103 are provided on the top surface of the first ring 1, and the air-inducing grooves 103 penetrate the first ring 1 in the radial direction.

[0036] Assume that the top surface of the first ring 1 is divided into a cut area 104 and a non-cut area 105 along the circumferential direction, the cutout 101 is located in the cut area 104 , and a plurality of air guide grooves 103 are uniformly distributed in the non-cut area 105 along the circumference around the center of the first ring 1 .

[0037] The first ring 1 is installed in the first ring groove 401. The multiple spaced air inlet grooves 103 can improve the sealing performance of the piston ring. The air inlet grooves 103 are radially connected to the first ring 1, so that the air inlet grooves 103 communicate with the chamfer 102, and an air passage is formed between the air inlet grooves 103 and the top wall of the first ring groove 401. Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the direction of the arrow S is the direction of the gas. Due to the effect of the air inlet groove 103, the high-pressure gas in the combustion chamber 6 is better able to enter the top surface of the first ring 1 and the cavity formed by the chamfer 102 and the wall of the first ring groove 401, thereby increasing the gas pressure there, forcing the first ring 1 to be pressed outward and downward, thereby improving the sealing performance of the first ring 1. The degree of compression of the first ring 1 is related to the pressure in the cylinder. The greater the pressure in the cylinder, the stronger the compression, thereby achieving the effect that the sealing surface pressure of the first ring 1 automatically increases as the pressure in the cylinder increases, thereby greatly improving the sealing ability of the piston ring assembly under high explosion pressure and reducing the amount of piston leakage.

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, the angle of the chamfer 102 is α, 30°≤α≤45°, the thickness of the first ring 1 is T, the depth of the chamfer 102 is Z, 0.25T≤Z≤0.35T.

[0039] like Figure 2 As shown, the ring grooves on the piston 4 include the first ring groove 401, the second ring groove 402 and the third ring groove 403 arranged in sequence from top to bottom, the first ring 1 is installed in the first ring groove 401, the second ring 2 is installed in the second ring groove 402, and the oil ring 3 is installed in the third ring groove 403. The inner hole of the first ring 1 is a tapered hole, and the distance δ1 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first ring groove 401 and the distance δ2 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first ring groove 401 are 0.8mm≤δ1≤1mm, and 0.6δ1≤δ2≤0.8δ1. That is, after the first ring 1 and the first ring groove 401 are matched, the back clearance is a tapered structure with a wide top and a narrow bottom, which further reduces the leakage channel and thus reduces the leakage amount.

[0040] The values ​​of δ1 and δ2 should not be too small, otherwise the ring phenomenon will occur. At the same time, the values ​​of δ1 and δ2 should not be too large, otherwise the leakage channel will be too large, which will lead to an increase in leakage.

[0041] Assuming the depth of the air guide groove 103 is H, 0.15 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.30 mm. The value of H should not be too large or too small. If it is too large, it will easily lead to air leakage, and if it is too small, it will not have the effect of increasing the sealing performance.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, the air inlet groove 103 is set as an arc groove, which is concentric with the first ring 1, and the central angle of the air inlet groove 103 is θ, 10°≤θ≤15°. θ in this range makes the air inlet groove 103 evenly distributed.

[0043] The corresponding angle between the groove wall of the air guide groove 103 closest to the cut-off opening 101 and the center line of the cut-off opening 101 is θ1, 15°≤θ1≤20°. The angle θ1 should not be too small, otherwise the air leakage at the cut-off opening 101 will increase and the sealing effect will be poor.

[0044] The top surface of the first ring 1 is a pressure-bearing end surface. In the non-cut region 105 , the corresponding angle of the pressure-bearing end surface between two adjacent air-inducing grooves 103 is set to θ2, 10°≤θ2≤15°, thereby obtaining a more uniform pressure-bearing end surface.

[0045] like Figure 5 As shown, the cut 101 is a stepped cut, and the two ends formed after the cut 101 is disconnected are respectively a first L-shaped overlapping end 1011 and a second L-shaped overlapping end 1012, the first L-shaped overlapping end 1011 includes a first horizontal block, the second L-shaped overlapping end 1012 includes a second horizontal block, the first horizontal block overlaps the second horizontal block, the thickness of the first horizontal block is T1, the thickness of the first ring is T, 0.6T≤T1≤0.8T, the overlapping width of the first horizontal block and the second horizontal block is T2, 4mm≤T2≤10mm, the gap of the cut 101 includes a horizontal gap T3 and a vertical gap T4, the outer diameter of the first ring 1 is D, 0.56%D≤T3≤0.64%D, 0.08mm≤T4≤0.15mm.

[0046] like Figure 6 As shown, the second ring 2 is provided with a vertical cut-off opening 201, and the gap of the vertical cut-off opening 201 is set to T5, 0.75T3≤T5≤0.9T3. The gap should not be too large, which can further reduce the amount of gas leakage.

[0047] Compared with the traditional vertical cut or oblique cut, the cut 101 of the present invention is a stepped cut, which can block the partial air leakage of the first ring 1 at the cut 101, thereby reducing the air leakage of the first ring 1 at the cut 101. The overlap width of the first horizontal block and the second horizontal block is T2, 4mm≤T2≤10mm, and after overlapping, the airflow can be blocked from flowing out directly from the cut 101, reducing the air leakage.

[0048] like Figure 7 As shown, the oil ring 3 is provided with an oil ring vertical cut-off opening 301, and the clearance of the oil ring vertical cut-off opening 301 is set to T6, 0.6T3≤T6≤0.8T3. The clearance should not be too large, which can further reduce the amount of gas leakage.

[0049] Under the action of the reciprocating inertia force of the piston, the bottom surface of the first ring of the traditional piston ring will separate from the first ring groove, resulting in the first ring floating, which will increase the gap between the sealing end faces and significantly increase the amount of leakage. In order to solve the problem of the first ring floating and the increase in leakage, the usual practice is to increase the matching clearance between the piston ring bank and the cylinder liner, and at the same time increase the incision clearance between the second ring and the oil ring, so that the gas under the first ring can fully flow away, reduce the air pressure under the first ring, and form a good pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the first ring to overcome the reciprocating inertia force of the piston ring, so that the bottom surface of the first ring is always in contact with the first ring groove without separation, thereby solving the leakage problem caused by the suspension of the first ring. In other words, the traditional piston ring solves the problems of piston ring suspension and up and down vibration impact by increasing the leakage channel, which will inevitably increase the amount of leakage.

[0050] In the piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance of the present invention, the first ring 1 is provided with a plurality of spaced air inlet grooves 103, so that the pressure difference between the upper and lower end surfaces of the first ring 1 is large, and the problem of the first ring 1 floating will not occur. Therefore, the matching clearance between the piston ring bank and the cylinder liner can be reduced, and the cut clearance between the vertical cut-off opening 201 of the second ring 2 and the vertical cut-off opening 301 of the oil ring 3 can also be reduced. The reduction of the cut clearance between the two can further reduce the leakage of the piston ring assembly.

[0051] In summary, the piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance of the present invention can significantly improve the sealing ability of the piston ring under high explosion pressure and reduce the amount of piston leakage.

[0052] The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all improvements made based on the concept, principle, structure and method of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A piston ring assembly for enhancing sealing performance, comprising a first ring (1), a second ring (2) and an oil ring (3), wherein the first ring (1), the second ring (2) and the oil ring (3) are sequentially installed in a ring groove on a piston (4) from top to bottom, and characterized in that: The first ring (1) is provided with a cutting opening (101), and the two ends of the first ring (1) formed after being cut by the cutting opening (101) are overlapped, and a chamfer (102) is provided at the connection between the top surface of the first ring (1) and the inner hole, and a plurality of spaced air guide grooves (103) are provided on the top surface of the first ring, and the air guide grooves (103) are penetrated in the radial direction of the first ring (1). Assume that the top surface of the first ring (1) is divided into a cutout area (104) and a non-cutout area (105) along a circumferential direction, the cutout (101) is located in the cutout area (104), and a plurality of the air guide grooves (103) are evenly distributed in the non-cutout area (105) along a circumference around the center of the first ring (1).

2. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assuming that the angle of the chamfer (102) is α, 30°≤α≤45°, assuming that the thickness of the first ring (1) is T, and the depth of the chamfer (102) is Z, 0.25T≤Z≤0.35T.

3. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 2, characterized in that: The annular grooves on the piston (4) include a first annular groove (401), a second annular groove (402) and a third annular groove (403) which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the first ring (1) is installed in the first annular groove (401); the second ring (2) is installed in the second annular groove (402); and the oil ring (3) is installed in the third annular groove (403). The inner hole of the first ring (1) is a tapered hole. The distance δ1 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first annular groove (401), and the distance δ2 between the top of the tapered hole and the bottom of the first annular groove (401), are 0.8mm≤δ1≤1mm, and 0.6δ1≤δ2≤0.8δ1.

4. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: Assuming that the depth of the air-inducing groove (103) is H, 0.15 mm ≤ H ≤ 0.30 mm.

5. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air-introducing groove (103) is configured as an arc-shaped groove, and the arc-shaped groove is configured concentrically with the first ring 1. The central angle of the air-introducing groove (103) is θ, and 10°≤θ≤15°.

6. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The corresponding angle between the groove wall of the air guide groove (103) closest to the cut-off opening (101) and the center line of the cut-off opening (101) is θ1, and 15°≤θ1≤20°.

7. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top surface of the first ring (1) is a pressure-bearing end surface. In the non-cut region (105), the corresponding angle of the pressure-bearing end surface between two adjacent air-inducing grooves (103) is θ2, and 10°≤θ2≤15°.

8. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cut-off (101) is a stepped cut-off. The two ends formed after being cut off by the cut-off (101) are respectively a first L-shaped overlapping end (1011) and a second L-shaped overlapping end (1012). The first L-shaped overlapping end (1011) includes a first horizontal block, and the second L-shaped overlapping end (1012) includes a second horizontal block. The first horizontal block is overlapped on the second horizontal block. The thickness of the first horizontal block is T1, the thickness of the first ring is T, 0.6T≤T1≤0.8T, the overlapping width of the first horizontal block and the second horizontal block is T2, 4mm≤T2≤10mm, the gap of the cut-off (101) includes a transverse gap T3 and a vertical gap T4, the outer diameter of the first ring (1) is D, 0.56%D≤T3≤0.64%D, 0.08mm≤T4≤0.15mm.

9. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second ring (2) is provided with a vertical cut-off opening (201), and the gap of the vertical cut-off opening (201) is assumed to be T5, 0.75T3≤T5≤0.9T3.

10. The piston ring assembly with enhanced sealing performance according to claim 9, characterized in that: The oil ring (3) is provided with an oil ring vertical cut-off opening (301), and the clearance of the oil ring vertical cut-off opening (301) is assumed to be T6, 0.6T3≤T6≤0.8T3.

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