Preparation method and device of soft and hard interbed rock test piece

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rock sample manufacturing, and discloses a soft and hard interbedded rock test piece preparation device which comprises a workbench, a mounting groove is formed in the top of the workbench, a protective cylinder is sleeved with the mounting groove, a shaft hole is formed in the bottom of the protective cylinder, a grinding disc rotating shaft is mounted at the shaft hole, and a grinding disc is connected to the top end of the grinding disc rotating shaft. A polishing motor connected with the bottom end of the grinding disc rotating shaft is further arranged in the workbench. A support is detachably installed on the workbench, and one end of the support is connected with a clamping mechanism used for clamping a test piece. The clamping mechanism comprises a mounting cylinder, the top end of the mounting cylinder is connected with the support, a clamping groove is formed in the bottom face of the mounting cylinder, a magnetic layer is arranged in the clamping groove, and a metal plate is magnetically attracted in the clamping groove. According to the automatic polishing device, automatic polishing can be achieved, the working efficiency is improved in the working process, errors caused by manual operation are reduced, the quality stability of a test piece is guaranteed, a sample can be rapidly fixed through the clamping mechanism, the sample polishing pressure can be adjusted, and the polishing effect is better.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rock sample preparation, and in particular to a method and a device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen. Background Art

[0002] The soft-hard interlayered rock specimen is a special rock specimen formed by alternating soft and hard rocks. Soft rock usually has lower strength and higher deformability, while hard rock is relatively hard and has higher strength. The soft and hard rock layers in this specimen appear alternately in different layers, forming a unique geological structure.

[0003] The selection of similar materials for soft rock and hard rock should be based on the research purpose and actual needs. For example, similar materials for hard rock can be selected from high-strength and low-deformation materials, while similar materials for soft rock can be selected from low-strength and high-deformation materials. The preparation method of soft and hard interlayered rock specimens generally includes the following steps: First, similar materials (such as cement, sand, silica powder, gypsum, etc.) are used to make similar materials for soft rock and hard rock in different proportions. Then, these materials are poured layer by layer in the mold to form a soft and hard interlayer structure. Finally, the specimen is drilled out according to the required rock layer inclination.

[0004] Rock specimens with interlayered soft and hard layers are usually prepared into regular shapes for easy loading and measurement. Common shapes include cuboids, cylinders, etc. Cuboid specimens are convenient for compression, shear and other tests on conventional mechanical testing machines; cylindrical specimens are more suitable for tensile strength, sound wave velocity and other tests.

[0005] At the same time, grinding the bottom surface of the soft-hard interlayered rock specimen is an important step to ensure the flatness and smoothness of the specimen surface and good contact with other test equipment or fixtures. During mechanical tests, the bottom surface of the specimen needs to be in close contact with the test equipment or fixtures. Through grinding, good contact between the bottom surface of the specimen and these contact surfaces can be ensured, thereby improving the reliability of the test results. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems raised in the background technology, the present invention provides a device for preparing soft and hard interlayered rock specimens.

[0007] The present invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: a device for preparing soft and hard interlayered rock specimens, comprising a workbench, a mounting groove is arranged on the top of the workbench, a protective tube is installed in the mounting groove, an axial hole is opened at the bottom of the protective tube, a grinding wheel shaft is installed at the axial hole, a grinding wheel is connected to the top end of the grinding wheel shaft, and a polishing motor connected to the bottom end of the grinding wheel shaft is also arranged in the workbench; a bracket is detachably installed on the workbench, and one end of the bracket is connected to a clamping mechanism for clamping the specimen.

[0008] The clamping mechanism includes a mounting tube, the top of which is connected to the bracket, a slot is provided on the bottom of the mounting tube, a magnetic layer is provided in the slot, a metal plate is magnetically attracted in the slot, the metal plate is clamped on the outside of the carrier plate, and the bottom of the carrier plate is used to fix the specimen.

[0009] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the bracket includes a base, a telescopic rod and a top plate, wherein the base is connected to the top surface of the workbench by bolts, the upper and lower ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the top plate and the base, and the top plate and the mounting tube are detachably connected.

[0010] The height of the mounting tube can be adjusted by the telescopic rod, so as to facilitate fixing the position of the specimen to be polished before polishing. When the telescopic rod is gradually shortened, the mounting tube can be driven gradually close to the grinding disc, so as to grind and polish the thin slice.

[0011] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a cylindrical connecting groove is provided on the top of the mounting cylinder, a cylindrical limiting sleeve is spirally connected to the connecting groove, an accommodating gap is formed between the limiting sleeve and the connecting groove, a limiting portion is arranged in the accommodating gap, a spring is installed between the bottom surface of the limiting portion and the bottom surface of the connecting groove, a connecting rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate, the bottom end of the connecting rod is movable through the limiting sleeve and connected to the limiting portion, a threaded section is provided on the outer side of the connecting rod, an adjusting cylinder is spirally installed at the threaded section, and the bottom surface of the adjusting cylinder is in contact with the top surface of the limiting sleeve.

[0012] The present invention can push the installation cylinder to move downward as a whole by twisting the limiting sleeve, and can adjust the downward pressure value during polishing after the thin slice contacts the surface of the grinding disc, so that it is easy to adjust to suit different situations.

[0013] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a pressure sensor 1 in contact with the bottom end of the spring is installed at the bottom of the connecting groove, and a display and a controller are set on the workbench, the pressure sensor 1 is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the display is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller.

[0014] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a number of sockets are distributed circumferentially in the installation tube, a push rod is movably inserted in each socket, a pressure sensor 2 is installed on the bottom surface of each push rod, and the pressure sensor 2 is electrically connected to the controller, the top end of each push rod is fixed on the outside of a movable ring, and a distance adjustment unit for adjusting the distance between the installation tube and the movable ring is provided between the installation tube and the movable ring.

[0015] The present invention can detect the pressure value of the contact point in real time by electrically connecting the controller with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, which is convenient for observation and corresponding adjustment. The display can conveniently and intuitively display the pressure value.

[0016] As a further improvement of the above scheme, the distance adjustment unit includes electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2, which are respectively connected to the movable ring and the mounting cylinder, and electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2 are energized to generate magnetic force to adjust the distance between the movable ring and the mounting cylinder.

[0017] The first electromagnet and the second electromagnet provided by the present invention can be electrically connected to the controller, so that the movable ring can be automatically driven to rise or fall, thereby driving the ejector rod to rise or fall accordingly.

[0018] As a further improvement of the above scheme, a water hole is provided in the top rod, and a water spray hole connected to the water hole is provided on one side of the top rod close to the central axis of the mounting tube, a nozzle is connected to the outer end of the water spray hole, and a cavity connecting the water holes in each top rod is provided in the movable ring. A connecting hose is also connected to the movable ring, and the other end of the connecting hose is connected to an external water supply mechanism.

[0019] The present invention can directly spray water onto the test piece through the above-mentioned scheme, which is more precise than spraying water on the periphery in the prior art, and has a better polishing effect.

[0020] As a further improvement of the above solution, a bottom plate is installed at the bottom of the top rod, a connecting column is provided in the middle of the bottom plate, the connecting column and the water hole are spirally connected, and the second pressure sensor is installed on the bottom plate.

[0021] As a further improvement of the above scheme, an annular dust suction pipe is arranged on the inner circle of the protective tube, a plurality of dust suction holes are arranged on the inner side of the dust suction pipe, and an air duct is connected to the dust suction pipe, the other end of the air duct is connected to an external vacuum cleaner, and the dust suction pipe is lower than the grinding disc.

[0022] The dust and impurities generated by grinding can be absorbed by the above structure.

[0023] As a further improvement of the above solution, an annular baffle is installed above the dust suction pipe, the baffle is fixed to the inner ring of the protective tube, the top surface of the baffle is inclined, and the side where the baffle contacts the inner ring of the protective tube is the highest. The above baffle can prevent dust and impurities generated by grinding from accumulating on the top surface of the dust suction pipe and making it impossible to clean.

[0024] The present invention also proposes a method for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen, comprising the following steps:

[0025] Fix the prepared soft-hard interlayered rock specimen on a loading plate;

[0026] The specimen carrier is magnetically fixed in the slot and the position of the specimen is fixed;

[0027] The mounting cylinder is driven downward to make the bottom surface of the test piece contact with the surface of the grinding disc;

[0028] Start grinding and check regularly if there are any faults during the grinding process and replace the sandpaper.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The automatic polishing device of the present invention comprises a workbench, a workbench, a bracket, and a clamping mechanism connected to one end of the bracket. The clamping mechanism provided by the present invention comprises a mounting tube, the top end of which is connected to the bracket, a card slot is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting tube, a magnetic layer is provided in the card slot, a metal plate is magnetically attracted in the card slot, the metal plate is clamped on the outer side of a carrier plate, and the bottom surface of the carrier plate is used to fix the test piece.

[0031] The present invention can realize automatic polishing, and its working process improves work efficiency, reduces errors caused by manual operation, ensures the quality stability of the test piece, and the clamping mechanism can quickly fix the sample and adjust the sample polishing pressure, so the polishing effect is better. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the automatic polishing device proposed by the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 A front view of the automatic polishing device provided by the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the workbench and the protective tube proposed by the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 1 A magnified image of point A;

[0036] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged view of point B.

[0038] Description of main symbols:

[0039] In the figure: workbench 1, protective cylinder 2, grinding disc 3, top plate 4, telescopic rod 5, clamping mechanism 6, grinding disc shaft 7, mounting cylinder 8, adjusting cylinder 9, connecting hose 10, distance adjustment module 11, cavity 12, electromagnet 1 13, electromagnet 2 14, limiting sleeve 15, limiting part 16, push rod 17, spring 18, pressure sensor 1 19, slot 20, loading plate 21, test piece 22, positioning head 23, metal plate 24, water hole 25, jack 26, water spray hole 27, nozzle 28, connecting column 29, bottom plate 30, pressure sensor 2 31, baffle 33, dust suction pipe 34, connecting rod 35, movable ring 36, limiting ring 37. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. It should be noted that, under the premise of no conflict, the various embodiments or technical features described below can be arbitrarily combined to form a new embodiment.

[0041] Embodiment 1:

[0042] Reference Figure 1-Figure 6 The present invention proposes a device for preparing a soft-hard interbedded rock specimen, comprising a workbench 1, a mounting groove is arranged on the top of the workbench 1, a protective tube 2 is installed in the mounting groove, an axial hole is opened at the bottom of the protective tube 2, a grinding wheel shaft 7 is installed at the axial hole, a grinding wheel 3 is connected to the top of the grinding wheel shaft 7, and a polishing motor connected to the bottom end of the grinding wheel shaft 7 is also arranged in the workbench 1; a bracket is detachably installed on the workbench 1, and a clamping mechanism 6 for clamping the specimen 22 is connected to one end of the bracket.

[0043] The clamping mechanism 6 includes a mounting tube 8, the top of which is connected to the bracket, a slot 20 is provided on the bottom surface of the mounting tube 8, a magnetic layer is provided in the slot 20, a metal plate 24 is magnetically attracted in the slot 20, the metal plate 24 is clamped on the outside of the carrier plate 21, and the bottom surface of the carrier plate 21 is used to fix the specimen 22. A positioning slot can also be provided in the slot, and a positioning head 23 that cooperates with the positioning slot is correspondingly provided on the outside of the metal plate 24, so that the specimen 22 can be fixed quickly and the metal plate can be kept stable. During operation, the present invention fixes the specimen 22 and the carrier plate by special hot-melt wax, and the specimen can be easily removed after polishing. Due to the different specifications and shapes of the specimens, a positioning ring 37 can be installed at the notch of the slot 20, and the inner ring of the positioning ring 37 can contact the outer surface of the specimen, thereby preventing the specimen from shaking when the bottom surface of the specimen is polished.

[0044] The grinding disc of the present invention can be glued with polishing papers of different meshes, which are divided into six kinds of polishing papers of different meshes according to roughness, namely, 400, 800, 2500, 6000, 8000 and 10000cc. The sample slice is initially polished by high-roughness polishing paper to make the sample flat. The sample is gradually polished by low-roughness polishing paper to gradually reduce the roughness and meet the requirements of microscopic experiments.

[0045] Specifically, the bracket includes a base, a telescopic rod 5 and a top plate 4, wherein the base is connected to the top surface of the workbench 1 by bolts, the upper and lower ends of the telescopic rod 5 are respectively connected to the top plate and the base, and the top plate 4 is detachably connected to the mounting tube 8. In this solution, the telescopic rod 5 can be an electric push rod or a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder. In this way, the height of the mounting tube 8 can be adjusted by the telescopic rod 5, so as to facilitate the fixing of the position of the specimen to be polished before polishing. When the telescopic rod 5 is gradually shortened, the mounting tube 8 can be driven to gradually approach the grinding disc, so as to grind and polish the thin slice.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that, refer to Figure 5 A cylindrical connecting groove is provided at the top of the mounting cylinder 8, and a cylindrical limiting sleeve 15 is spirally connected to the connecting groove. An accommodating gap is formed between the limiting sleeve 15 and the connecting groove, and a limiting portion 16 is arranged in the accommodating gap. A spring 18 is installed between the bottom surface of the limiting portion 16 and the bottom surface of the connecting groove. A connecting rod 35 is fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate 4, and the bottom end of the connecting rod 35 is movably connected through the limiting sleeve 15 and the limiting portion 16. The outer side of the connecting rod 35 has a threaded section (not shown), and an adjusting cylinder 9 is spirally installed at the threaded section, and the bottom surface of the adjusting cylinder 9 is in conflict with the top surface of the limiting sleeve 15.

[0047] The present invention can push the installation tube 8 to move downward as a whole by twisting the limiting sleeve 15, and can adjust the downward pressure value during polishing after the thin slice contacts the surface of the grinding disc, so as to facilitate adjustment to suit different situations.

[0048] Furthermore, a pressure sensor 19 in contact with the bottom end of the spring 18 is installed at the bottom of the connecting groove, and a display and a controller are provided on the workbench. The pressure sensor 19 is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the display is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller.

[0049] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of sockets 26 are distributed circumferentially in the mounting tube 8, a push rod 17 is movably inserted in each socket 26, a pressure sensor 31 is installed on the bottom surface of each push rod, and the pressure sensor 31 is electrically connected to the controller, the top end of each push rod 17 is fixed on the outside of a movable ring 36, and a distance adjustment unit for adjusting the distance between the mounting tube 8 and the movable ring 36 is provided between the mounting tube 8 and the movable ring 36.

[0050] The present invention can detect the pressure value of the contact point in real time by electrically connecting the controller with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, which is convenient for observation and corresponding adjustment. The display can conveniently and intuitively display the pressure value.

[0051] During the specific operation of this scheme, for example, when the installation cylinder is pressed down, when there is at least one pressure sensor 2 31 under the push rod 17 that fails to detect pressure, or the pressure values ​​detected by each pressure sensor 2 have too large deviations, it can be determined that there is a deviation in the installation of the installation cylinder, or the sandpaper on the grinding disc is not completely fitted. Therefore, it can play the role of automatic detection, avoid the problem of uneven grinding due to installation deviation, and further improve the grinding effect.

[0052] In this embodiment, the distance adjustment unit includes an electromagnet 13 and an electromagnet 2 14, which are respectively connected to the movable ring 36 and the mounting tube 8, and the electromagnet 13 and the electromagnet 2 14 are energized to generate a magnetic force to adjust the distance between the movable ring 36 and the mounting tube 8.

[0053] The first and second electromagnets proposed in the present invention can be electrically connected to the controller, so that the movable ring 36 can be automatically driven to rise or fall, thereby driving the ejector rod to rise or fall accordingly.

[0054] For further information, see Figure 6 , a water hole 25 is arranged in the push rod 17, a water spray hole 27 connected to the water hole 25 is provided on one side of the push rod 17 close to the central axis of the mounting tube 8, a nozzle 28 is connected to the outer port of the water spray hole 27, a cavity 12 connected to the water holes 25 in each push rod 27 is provided in the movable ring 36, a connecting hose 10 is also connected to the movable ring 36, and the other end of the connecting hose 10 is connected to an external water supply mechanism. The present invention can adopt a flat-mouthed nozzle, so that the sprayed water is fan-shaped and can be sprayed onto the sample and the grinding disc more evenly. The external water supply mechanism is not shown in the accompanying drawings, but it does not affect the understanding of the present solution by those skilled in the art. A water pump can be selected to be directly connected to one end of the connecting hose 10, and a water tank for storing water can be placed in the workbench.

[0055] The present invention can directly spray water onto the test piece through the above-mentioned scheme, which is more precise than spraying water on the periphery in the prior art, and has a better grinding effect.

[0056] In order to facilitate installation and disassembly, a bottom plate 30 is installed at the bottom of the top rod, a connecting column 29 is provided in the middle of the bottom plate 30, the connecting column 29 and the water hole 25 are spirally connected, and a pressure sensor 2 31 is installed on the bottom plate 30.

[0057] The inner circle of the protective tube 2 is provided with an annular dust suction pipe 34, the inner side of which is provided with a plurality of dust suction holes, and the dust suction pipe 34 is connected with an air guide pipe, the other end of which is connected to an external vacuum cleaner, and the dust suction pipe 34 is lower than the grinding disc 3. The above structure can absorb dust and impurities generated by grinding.

[0058] As an optional embodiment of the present invention, an annular baffle 33 is also installed above the dust suction pipe 34. The baffle 33 is fixed to the inner ring of the protective tube 2. The top surface of the baffle 33 is inclined, and the side where the baffle 33 contacts the inner ring of the protective tube 2 is the highest. The baffle 33 can prevent dust and impurities generated by grinding from accumulating on the top surface of the dust suction pipe 34 and making it impossible to clean. The baffle 33 can be made of plastic or stainless steel, and can be screwed to the inner side of the protective tube with multiple bolts, which is convenient for regular replacement and cleaning.

[0059] The above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing soft and hard interlayered rock specimens, characterized in that: The invention comprises a workbench, wherein a mounting groove is arranged on the top of the workbench, a protective tube is installed in the mounting groove, an axial hole is opened at the bottom of the protective tube, a grinding disc rotating shaft is installed at the axial hole, a grinding disc is connected to the top of the grinding disc rotating shaft, and a polishing motor connected to the bottom of the grinding disc rotating shaft is also arranged in the workbench; a bracket is detachably installed on the workbench, and a clamping mechanism for clamping a test piece is connected to one end of the bracket; The clamping mechanism includes a mounting tube, the top of which is connected to the bracket, a slot is provided on the bottom of the mounting tube, a magnetic layer is provided in the slot, a metal plate is magnetically attracted in the slot, the metal plate is clamped on the outside of the carrier plate, and the bottom of the carrier plate is used to fix the specimen.

2. A device for preparing soft-hard interlayered rock specimens as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The bracket includes a base, a telescopic rod and a top plate, wherein the base is connected to the top surface of the workbench by bolts, the upper and lower ends of the telescopic rod are respectively connected to the top plate and the base, and the top plate and the mounting tube are detachably connected.

3. A device for preparing soft and hard interlayered rock specimens as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: A cylindrical connecting groove is provided on the top of the mounting cylinder, and a cylindrical limiting sleeve is spirally connected to the connecting groove. An accommodating gap is formed between the limiting sleeve and the connecting groove. A limiting portion is provided in the accommodating gap, and a spring is installed between the bottom surface of the limiting portion and the bottom surface of the connecting groove. A connecting rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the top plate, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is movably connected through the limiting sleeve and the limiting portion. A threaded section is provided on the outer side of the connecting rod, and an adjusting cylinder is spirally installed at the threaded section, and the bottom surface of the adjusting cylinder is in contact with the top surface of the limiting sleeve.

4. The device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 1, characterized in that: A pressure sensor 1 in contact with the bottom end of the spring is installed at the bottom of the connecting groove, and a display and a controller are arranged on the workbench. The pressure sensor 1 is electrically connected to the signal input end of the controller, and the display is electrically connected to the signal output end of the controller.

5. The device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 4, characterized in that: A plurality of sockets are distributed circumferentially in the installation tube, a push rod is movably inserted in each socket, a pressure sensor 2 is installed on the bottom surface of each push rod, and the pressure sensor 2 is electrically connected to the controller, the top end of each push rod is fixed on the outside of a movable ring, and a distance adjustment unit for adjusting the distance between the installation tube and the movable ring is arranged between the installation tube and the movable ring.

6. The device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 5, characterized in that: The distance adjustment unit comprises electromagnet 1 and electromagnet 2, which are respectively connected to the movable ring and the mounting cylinder, and are energized to generate magnetic force to adjust the distance between the movable ring and the mounting cylinder.

7. The device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 3, characterized in that: A water hole is arranged in the push rod, and a water spray hole connected to the water hole is arranged on one side of the push rod close to the central axis of the mounting tube, a nozzle is connected to the outer end of the water spray hole, a cavity connected to the water holes in each push rod is arranged in the movable ring, a connecting hose is also connected to the movable ring, and the other end of the connecting hose is connected to an external water supply mechanism.

8. The device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 7, characterized in that: A bottom plate is installed at the bottom of the top rod, a connecting column is arranged in the middle of the bottom plate, the connecting column and the water hole are spirally connected, and the second pressure sensor is installed on the bottom plate.

9. A device for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 8, characterized in that: The inner circle of the protective tube is provided with an annular dust suction pipe, the inner side of the dust suction pipe is provided with a plurality of dust suction holes, and the dust suction pipe is connected with an air duct, the other end of the air duct is connected with an external vacuum cleaner, the dust suction pipe is lower than the grinding disc, and an annular baffle is also installed above the dust suction pipe, the baffle is fixed to the inner circle of the protective tube, the top surface of the baffle is inclined, and the side where the baffle contacts the inner circle of the protective tube is highest.

10. A method for preparing a soft-hard interlayered rock specimen according to claim 9, characterized in that: The steps include: Fix the prepared soft-hard interlayered rock specimen on a loading plate; The specimen carrier is magnetically fixed in the slot and the position of the specimen is fixed; The mounting cylinder is driven downward to make the bottom surface of the test piece contact with the surface of the grinding disc; Start grinding and check regularly if there are any faults during the grinding process and replace the sandpaper.

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