Structure of reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit based on micro-ring resonators and implementation method of reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit based on micro-ring resonators

Abstract

The invention provides a calculation implementation method of an optical matrix-vector multiplication unit based on a micro-ring resonator. Systems and methods for optical matrix-vector multiplication using microring resonators are provided. Examples of the systems and methods disclosed herein include an array of microring resonator-based structures, a phase change material, and a waveguide. An operation representing a matrix multiplied by a vector may be generated based on the optical power output from the array of microring resonator structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of photon computing, and in particular to a structure and implementation method of an optical matrix-vector multiplication unit based on a microring resonator. Background Art

[0002] Photonic computing structures have the characteristics of high speed and parallelism, and have outstanding advantages in processing linear calculations, becoming a hot topic in current international research. People use new optical materials such as optical waveguide micro-nano structures and microlens arrays to build photonic computing chips and apply them to different scenarios.

[0003] However, with the advent of the era of artificial intelligence and big data, the demand for high computing performance and small size of photonic chips is increasing. Compared with electronic systems, photonic systems have shown improved performance in multiplexing, energy dissipation and crosstalk, which is beneficial for dense and high-bandwidth interconnections.

[0004] By utilizing the characteristics of microring resonators, optical signals of different wavelengths can be screened out to perform optical matrix operations. Existing matrix multiplication operations have complex structures, large sizes, and high production costs, so a computing array with a simple structure and smaller size is needed. The present invention can partially solve or alleviate the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions: a structure and implementation method of a reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit based on a microring resonator, characterized in that it includes n×n matrix-vector multiplication units, wherein one matrix-vector multiplication unit is composed of a microring resonator unit A, m phase change material units B, a microring resonator unit C and a waveguide. The optical matrix-vector multiplication unit uses integrated optics to implement the multiplication operation of n×n matrix and n×1 vector, wherein the elements in the n×n matrix are real numbers between 0 and 1, the elements in the n×1 vector are arbitrary real numbers, and m and n are natural numbers greater than or equal to 2.

[0006] The microring resonator unit A is composed of a microring resonator, and optical signals of different wavelengths carrying the same information enter from the input end INPUT on the left side of the microring resonator unit A. The optical signal of the wavelength that satisfies the resonance equation of the microring resonator unit A is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit A, and then enters the phase change material unit B through a waveguide. The m phase change material units are composed of m mutually parallel phase change materials. The optical signal output from the download end of the microring resonator unit A enters from the input end of the m phase change material units B, can only pass through one phase change material among the m phase change material units, and then is output from the output end of the m phase change material units B, and enters the input end of the microring resonator unit C. The microring resonator unit C is consistent with the resonance equation satisfied by the microring resonator unit A. The optical signal output from the phase change material unit B passes through the microring resonator unit C, and then is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit C into the waveguide to obtain an output optical signal multiplied by the weight. The material of the phase change material unit is GST, which has two states: high resistance state and low resistance state. When it is in the high resistance state, the transmittance is 0, and when it is in the low resistance state, the transmittance is adjustable in the range of 0-1, thereby achieving the setting of the value of the weight w between 0-1; the m phase change material units B are composed of a low resistance state GST and m-1 high resistance state GST, so when the optical signal passes through the phase change material unit B, it can only pass through one of the m phase change materials. The resonance equation satisfied by the second microring resonator unit is consistent with that of the first microring resonator unit.

[0007] The function realization process of the optical matrix-vector multiplication unit is as follows: the input signal is n different wavelengths λ1, λ2, ..., λ n The optical signal with the same information x1 is modulated on it, and the optical signal of the corresponding wavelength that satisfies the resonance equation of the microring resonator unit A will be screened out and output as a single wavelength optical signal from the download section of the microring resonator unit A, and then enters the phase change material unit B, passes through a selected phase change material w 11 After that, w is output from the output end of the phase change material unit 11 The signal of x1 enters the input end of the microring resonator unit C, and the resonance equation satisfied by the microring resonator unit C is consistent with that of the microring resonator unit A, so the optical signal is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit C, enters the vertical waveguide and propagates upward. Finally, the detector adds the output results to obtain the optical matrix-vector multiplication result.

[0008] The present invention can select a phase change material from different phase change material units to pass according to the actual requirement of processing data, thereby achieving a reconfigurable function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the 2×2 matrix and 2×1 vector multiplication operation of the present invention.

[0011] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the silicon-based microring resonator of the present invention.

[0012] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the phase change material unit B in the structural schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more concise and clear, the specific implementation of the present invention will be described in more detail below in conjunction with the schematic diagram. According to the following description and claims, the advantages and features of the present invention will be clearer. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, which are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0014] The principle of matrix multiplication is to implement the multiplication operation between an input matrix a and an input vector b, and obtain the output vector c. The specific calculation formula is as follows:

[0015]

[0016] When m=n, the input matrix a is a block matrix, or square matrix for short. Figure 1 As shown, the present invention can implement the above block matrix-vector multiplication operation.

[0017] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a 2×2 matrix and 2×1 vector multiplication operation of the matrix-vector multiplication operation unit. The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and drawings.

[0018] The multiplication formula of a 2×2 matrix and a 2×1 vector is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] like Figure 2As shown, the optical matrix-vector multiplication operation unit is integrated on the silicon base, which includes 4 groups of independent operation units, which are specifically composed of microring resonator units A1-A4, phase change material units B1-B4 and microring resonator units C1-C4. Optical signals with wavelengths λ1 and λ2 carrying the same information x1 are input from the INPUT1 signal input terminal on the left side of the figure, and optical signals with wavelengths λ1 and λ2 carrying the same information x2 are input from the INPUT2 signal input terminal. After the input signal of INPUT1 passes through the microring resonator unit A1, the signal with a wavelength λ1 that satisfies the resonance equation of the microring resonator in the microring resonator unit A1 is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit A1 and enters the phase change material unit B1. In the phase change material unit, the optical signal can only be output after passing through one phase change material. Here we choose to pass through w 11 As an example, the signal output from the output end of the phase change material unit B1 is w 11 x1. The signal output from the phase change material unit B1 enters the microring resonator unit C1. The microring resonator unit C1 satisfies the same resonance equation as the microring resonator unit A1. At this time, w 11 x1 is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit C1 and enters the vertical waveguide to propagate upward. Similarly, the signal output by the microring resonator unit C2 is w 21 x1, the signal output by the microring resonator unit C3 is w 12 x2, the signal output by the microring resonator unit C4 is w 22 x2. Use an optical power meter to add the signals output by microring resonator unit C1 and microring resonator unit C3, and the resulting signal is w 11 x1+w 12 x1; Use an optical power meter to add the signals output by microring resonator unit C2 and microring resonator unit C4, and the resulting signal is w 21 x2+w 22 x2. In this way, the obtained signal is the result of the operation of the output vector.

[0021] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any technician in the relevant technical field, without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, makes any form of equivalent replacement or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the present invention, which does not depart from the content of the technical solution of the present invention and still falls within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A structure and implementation method of a reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication based on a microring resonator, wherein the structure includes n×n matrix-vector multiplication units, wherein one matrix-vector multiplication unit is composed of a microring resonator unit A, m phase change material units B, a microring resonator unit C and a waveguide. The optical matrix-vector multiplication unit uses integrated optics to implement the multiplication operation of n×n matrix and n×1 vector, wherein the elements in the n×n matrix are real numbers between 0 and 1, the elements in the n×1 vector are arbitrary numbers, and m and n are natural numbers greater than or equal to 2.

2. The reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microring resonator unit A is composed of a microring resonator, and optical signals of different wavelengths carrying the same information enter from the input end INPUT on the left side of the microring resonator unit A. The optical signal of the wavelength that satisfies the resonance equation of the microring resonator unit A is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit A, and then enters the phase change material unit B through a waveguide. The m phase change material units are composed of m mutually parallel phase change materials. The optical signal output from the download end of the microring resonator unit A enters from the input end of the m phase change material units B, can only pass through one phase change material among the m phase change material units, and then is output from the output end of the m phase change material units B, and enters the input end of the microring resonator unit C. The microring resonator unit C is consistent with the resonance equation satisfied by the microring resonator unit A. The optical signal output from the phase change material unit B passes through the microring resonator unit C, and then is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit C into the waveguide to obtain an output optical signal multiplied by the weight.

3. The reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the phase change material unit is GST, which has two states: high resistance state and low resistance state. When it is in the high resistance state, the transmittance is 0, and when it is in the low resistance state, the transmittance is adjustable in the range of 0-1, thereby achieving the setting of the value of the weight w between 0-1; the m phase change material units B are composed of a low resistance state GST and m-1 high resistance state GST, so when the optical signal passes through the phase change material unit B, it can only pass through one of the m phase change materials. The resonance equation satisfied by the microring resonator unit C is consistent with that of the microring resonator unit A.

4. The reconfigurable optical matrix-vector multiplication unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The function realization process of the optical matrix-vector multiplication unit is as follows: the input signal is n different wavelengths λ1, λ2, ..., λ n The optical signal with the same information x1 is modulated on it, and the optical signal of the corresponding wavelength that satisfies the resonance equation of the microring resonator unit A will be screened out and output as a single wavelength optical signal from the download section of the microring resonator unit A, and then enters the phase change material unit B, passes through a selected phase change material w 11 After that, w is output from the output end of the phase change material unit 11 The signal of x1 enters the input end of the microring resonator unit C, and the resonance equation satisfied by the microring resonator unit C is consistent with that of the microring resonator unit A, so the optical signal is output from the download end of the microring resonator unit C, enters the vertical waveguide and propagates upward. Finally, the detector adds the output results to obtain the optical matrix-vector multiplication result. The present invention can select a phase change material from different phase change material units to pass according to the actual requirement of processing data, thereby realizing a reconfigurable function.

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