A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method, device, equipment and medium based on CFD simulation

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method, device, equipment and medium based on CFD simulation, belong to generator hydrogen leakage monitoring field.Therein, the method includes preset monitoring period to generator is continuously monitored hydrogen leakage, obtains the real-time data of generator in monitoring period, obtains hydrogen leakage risk index according to generator real-time data, constructs hydrogen leakage risk evaluation model and exports hydrogen leakage risk evaluation information, generator real-time data includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank water level, generator cold water flow, gas pressure in machine, gas temperature in machine, gas charging volume;When outputting hydrogen leakage high-risk information, hydrogen leakage prediction instruction is sent to terminal, hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed by CFD simulation, and the predicted hydrogen leakage situation of subsequent monitoring period is obtained according to hydrogen leakage prediction model.The present application realizes multiple standard determination whether generator leaks hydrogen, and predicts hydrogen leakage trend in future period of time, is advantageous to timely eliminate hydrogen leakage phenomenon.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of generator hydrogen leakage monitoring technology, specifically relating to a generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method, device, equipment, and medium based on CFD simulation. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen leakage from generators poses serious safety hazards, not only affecting normal operation but also potentially leading to a series of dangerous consequences. Hydrogen leakage causes a drop in hydrogen pressure, affecting generator output and reducing efficiency; it can also lead to excessive hydrogen humidity, causing water or oil to enter the generator, damaging the insulation of the stator and rotor windings, and in severe cases, even causing phase-to-phase or phase-to-ground short circuits; hydrogen is a flammable and explosive gas, and when it reaches a certain concentration (4%-75.6%) in the air, it is highly susceptible to explosion upon contact with a source of ignition; hydrogen mixed with air forms a combustible gas, and when the hydrogen concentration reaches its explosive limit, any spark can ignite a fire; although hydrogen itself is non-toxic, in high-concentration environments, it reduces the oxygen content in the air, potentially causing asphyxiation; hydrogen leaks not only threaten equipment and personal safety but also pollute the environment.

[0003] Currently, hydrogen leakage in engines is often detected by installing hydrogen leakage detection sensors on the top of the water tank. However, when the water level rises, the gas in the upper part of the water tank is compressed, and the concentration of hydrogen flowing through the leakage detection sensor gradually increases until it reaches the upper limit of the sensor. When the water level drops, the concentration of hydrogen flowing through the external air gradually decreases. Ultimately, what is detected is the concentration of hydrogen in the air. The hydrogen leakage concentration changes from zero to full scale, and operators cannot determine the actual hydrogen leakage situation.

[0004] Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is a discipline that uses computer technology to solve fluid flow problems. Since the 1960s, with the development of computer technology and numerical computing techniques, CFD has developed rapidly. The core of CFD simulation is to establish mathematical models of fluid flow and heat transfer processes, and then use numerical calculation methods to solve these models to obtain parameters such as the fluid's velocity field and temperature field. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this invention provides a method, apparatus, equipment, and medium for monitoring hydrogen leakage from generators based on CFD simulation.

[0006] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method based on CFD simulation, the implementation of which includes the following steps:

[0008] A hydrogen leakage monitoring system is set up to continuously monitor the generator during a preset monitoring period. Real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period is obtained. A hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained based on the real-time data of the generator. A hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed and hydrogen leakage risk assessment information is output. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume.

[0009] When the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, a hydrogen leakage prediction command is sent to the terminal. A hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD simulation, and the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring period is obtained based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model.

[0010] Preferably, the step of obtaining a hydrogen leakage risk index based on the real-time data of the generator, constructing a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model, and outputting hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes:

[0011] The hydrogen concentration at the top of the hydrogen detection sensor installed on the upper part of the generator's stator water tank is monitored during the monitoring period, and a first hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by combining the hydrogen detection sensor with the water level in the tank.

[0012] The dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator is measured, and a second hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by using the real-time data of the generator and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator includes the dissolved oxygen concentration in the influent and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent.

[0013] The hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by averaging the first hydrogen leakage risk index and the second hydrogen leakage risk index, and the hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 60%, the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 30% and less than 60%, the low-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, and troubleshooting is planned when the generator is shut down. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is less than 30%, the no-hydrogen-leakage-risk information is output.

[0014] Preferably, the first hydrogen leakage risk index includes:

[0015] The system presets a low water level threshold, a high water level threshold, and a hydrogen concentration risk threshold. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is 90% to 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 50% to 60%. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 60% to 80%. When the water level in the tank is between the low water level threshold and the high water level threshold, and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to the threshold... When the hydrogen concentration risk threshold is specified, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 80% to 90%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 90% to 95%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to 120% of the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 95% to 100%. In all other cases, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 0%.

[0016] Preferably, the second hydrogen leakage risk index includes:

[0017] The total hydrogen leakage within a monitoring cycle is calculated using the real-time data from the generator.

[0018] The generator cooling water flow rate is obtained, and the amount of hydrogen leakage in the water is calculated based on the generator dissolved oxygen concentration and the generator cooling water flow rate, which characterizes the amount of hydrogen leaking into the water within a monitoring cycle.

[0019] The second hydrogen leakage risk index is calculated based on the total hydrogen leakage and the hydrogen leakage in the water, using the following formula: Where H represents the total hydrogen leakage, in cubic meters per cycle. W The amount of hydrogen leakage in the water is expressed in cubic meters per cycle, and β is the second hydrogen leakage risk index.

[0020] Preferably, the formula for calculating the total hydrogen leakage is as follows: Where V is the inflation volume in cubic meters, T0 is the absolute atmospheric temperature (293 K), P0 is the absolute atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), P1 is the internal gas pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle in MPa, P2 is the internal gas pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle in MPa, B1 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle in MPa, B2 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle in MPa, T1 is the internal gas temperature at the start of the monitoring cycle in degrees Celsius, and T2 is the internal gas temperature at the end of the monitoring cycle in degrees Celsius.

[0021] Preferably, the formula for calculating the amount of hydrogen leakage in the water is as follows: Where B is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent, in micrograms per milliliter; A is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the influent, in micrograms per milliliter; Δt is the duration of the monitoring cycle; and Q is the generator cooling water flow rate, in cubic meters per hour.

[0022] Preferably, the construction of the hydrogen leakage prediction model through CFD simulation includes:

[0023] Construct a geometric model of the generator site, and divide the geometric model of the generator site into N simulation grids, wherein the areas of the simulation grids are equal;

[0024] The governing equations are determined, including the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation, component equation, and turbulence model equation;

[0025] The boundary conditions, operating environment, and solution algorithm are defined. The boundary conditions include inlet and outlet boundary conditions and generator internal conditions. The inlet and outlet boundary conditions include inlet and outlet turbulence intensity and inlet and outlet mass flow rate. The generator internal conditions include generator inner wall temperature. The operating environment includes operating temperature and operating humidity. The solution algorithm includes Simple algorithm and PISO algorithm.

[0026] Based on the generator site geometric model, the control equation, the boundary conditions, the operating environment, and the solution algorithm, the hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD numerical simulation and a hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is obtained. The time span of adjacent hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional maps in the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is one monitoring cycle.

[0027] The average hydrogen mole fraction in each simulation grid is obtained based on the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram. A hydrogen mole fraction threshold is preset, which includes high-risk hydrogen mole fraction, dangerous hydrogen mole fraction, critical hydrogen mole fraction, and safe hydrogen mole fraction. Based on the average hydrogen mole fraction and the hydrogen mole fraction threshold, the simulation grid is divided into high-risk simulation grid, dangerous simulation grid, critical simulation grid, and safe simulation grid, and the number of each type is counted.

[0028] If, within three consecutive hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagrams obtained after the prediction and solution process begins, one or more predicted severe hydrogen leak phenomena appear, the generator should be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. Predicted severe hydrogen leak phenomena include situations where the number of high-risk simulation grids exceeds 10% of the total number of grids, the sum of the number of high-risk and hazardous simulation grids exceeds 30% of the total number of grids, and the number of safe simulation grids is less than 50% of the total number of grids. If, outside of the three monitoring cycles (i.e., from the fourth hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram obtained onwards), one or more predicted diffuse hydrogen leak phenomena appear, the generator should be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. Predicted diffuse hydrogen leak phenomena include situations where the number of high-risk simulation grids exceeds 20% of the total number of grids, the sum of the number of high-risk and hazardous simulation grids exceeds 50% of the total number of grids, and the number of safe simulation grids is less than 40% of the total number of grids. In other cases, planned troubleshooting will be carried out during generator shutdown.

[0029] A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring device based on CFD simulation is used to execute the generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method described above, including a continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module and a hydrogen leakage prediction module.

[0030] The continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the generator for hydrogen leakage during a preset monitoring period, obtain real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period, obtain a hydrogen leakage risk index based on the real-time data of the generator, construct a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model, and output hydrogen leakage risk assessment information. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume.

[0031] The hydrogen leakage prediction module is used to send a hydrogen leakage prediction command to the terminal when the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, construct a hydrogen leakage prediction model through CFD simulation, and obtain the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring period based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model.

[0032] An electronic device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, it implements the aforementioned CFD simulation-based generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method.

[0033] A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by a computer processor, are used to perform the aforementioned CFD simulation-based generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method.

[0034] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0035] (1) By comprehensively considering the data obtained by the hydrogen detection sensor and the dissolved oxygen concentration data of the generator, the current risk of hydrogen leakage of the generator can be reasonably judged, and the degree of hydrogen leakage in the future multiple cycles can be predicted, which is conducive to timely elimination or prevention of hydrogen leakage of the generator.

[0036] (2) By directly measuring the dissolved hydrogen concentration in the constant cooling water, the leakage situation and the real-time online change trend of the leakage concentration can be quickly captured, providing a basis for judging the safe and economical operation of the generator set and condition maintenance.

[0037] (3) During the calculation process, interference factors such as water level changes in the water tank, water temperature, and atmospheric pressure are comprehensively considered to avoid the interference of these factors that would reduce the accuracy of the results;

[0038] (4) Predicting hydrogen leakage trends through CFD simulation enables prediction of hydrogen leakage trends in a virtual environment, reducing the need for physical prototypes and thus saving a lot of time and resources; it allows users to easily adjust equipment parameters to study fluid behavior under different conditions, and this flexibility makes design optimization easier, which helps to achieve a more stable and efficient system; using CFD simulation can reduce safety risks to personnel and equipment, and by simulating potential dangerous situations, preventive measures can be taken before they actually occur; CFD simulation is based on physical laws and experimental data and can provide reliable numerical results. Attached Figure Description

[0039] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of a generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method based on CFD simulation according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0042] Working principle and usage process of this invention:

[0043] Please see Figure 1 A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method based on CFD simulation includes:

[0044] S1: The generator is continuously monitored for hydrogen leakage during a preset monitoring period. Real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period is obtained. A hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained based on the real-time data of the generator. A hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed and hydrogen leakage risk assessment information is output. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume.

[0045] S2: When the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, a hydrogen leakage prediction command is sent to the terminal, a hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD simulation, and the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring period is obtained based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model.

[0046] In this embodiment, a hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained based on the real-time data of the generator, a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed, and hydrogen leakage risk assessment information is output. This can be implemented through the following steps:

[0047] S101: Based on the hydrogen detection sensor installed on the upper part of the generator cooling water tank, monitor the hydrogen concentration at the top of the hydrogen detection sensor during the monitoring period, and obtain the first hydrogen leakage risk index by combining the water level of the tank.

[0048] S102: Measure the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator, and obtain a second hydrogen leakage risk index by the real-time data of the generator and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator, wherein the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator includes the dissolved oxygen concentration in the influent and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent.

[0049] S103: Obtain the hydrogen leakage risk index based on the average of the first hydrogen leakage risk index and the second hydrogen leakage risk index, and construct the hydrogen leakage risk assessment model. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 60%, output the high-risk hydrogen leakage information. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 30% and less than 60%, output the low-risk hydrogen leakage information and plan to eliminate the defect when the generator is shut down. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is less than 30%, output the no-hydrogen-leakage-risk information.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by combining the water level in the water tank, which can be implemented through the following steps:

[0051] The system presets a low water level threshold, a high water level threshold, and a hydrogen concentration risk threshold. The hydrogen concentration risk threshold is typically set to 2%. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is 90% to 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 50% to 60%. In this case, the hydrogen concentration detected by the hydrogen detection sensor at the top may be the air hydrogen concentration. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 60% to 80%. When the water level in the tank is between the low water level threshold and the high water level threshold, and the hydrogen concentration at the top... When the hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 80% to 90%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the top hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 90% to 95%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the top hydrogen concentration is greater than or equal to 120% of the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 95% to 100%. In all other cases, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 0%. In each case, the value of the first hydrogen leakage risk index increases with the increase of the top hydrogen concentration.

[0052] In this embodiment, the second hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained using the real-time data of the generator and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator. This can be implemented through the following steps:

[0053] S102-1: Calculate the total hydrogen leakage within a monitoring cycle using the real-time data from the generator. The calculation formula is as follows: Where H is the total hydrogen leakage in cubic meters per cycle, V is the gas filling volume in cubic meters, T0 is the absolute atmospheric temperature (293 K), P0 is the absolute atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), P1 is the internal gas pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle (MPa), P2 is the internal gas pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle (MPa), B1 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle (MPa), B2 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle (MPa), T1 is the internal gas temperature at the start of the monitoring cycle (degrees Celsius), and T2 is the internal gas temperature at the end of the monitoring cycle (degrees Celsius).

[0054] S102-2: Obtain the generator cooling water flow rate, and calculate the hydrogen leakage in the water based on the generator dissolved oxygen concentration and generator cooling water flow rate. This represents the amount of hydrogen leaking into the water within a monitoring cycle, expressed in cubic meters per cycle. The calculation formula is as follows: Among them, H WB is the amount of hydrogen leaked into the water, A is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent (in micrograms per milliliter), Δt is the duration of the monitoring cycle, and Q is the generator cooling water flow rate (in cubic meters per hour).

[0055] S102-3: Calculate the second hydrogen leakage risk index based on the total hydrogen leakage and the hydrogen leakage in the water, using the following formula: Here, β is the second hydrogen leakage risk index.

[0056] In this embodiment, a hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD simulation, which can be implemented through the following steps:

[0057] S201: Construct a geometric model of the generator site. The geometric model of the generator site is a geometric model of the generator site constructed based on engineering drawings and other relevant data. Divide the geometric model of the generator site into N simulation grids, and the areas of the simulation grids are equal.

[0058] S202: Determine the governing equations, which include, but are not limited to, the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation, component equation, and turbulence model equation;

[0059] S203: Set boundary conditions, operating environment, and solution algorithm. The boundary conditions include inlet and outlet boundary conditions and generator internal conditions. The inlet and outlet boundary conditions include, but are not limited to, inlet and outlet turbulence intensity and inlet and outlet mass flow rate. The generator internal conditions include, but are not limited to, generator inner wall temperature. The operating environment includes, but is not limited to, operating temperature and humidity. The solution algorithm includes, but is not limited to, Simple algorithm and PISO algorithm.

[0060] S204: Based on the generator site geometric model, the control equation, the boundary conditions, the operating environment, and the solution algorithm, the hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD numerical simulation and the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is obtained by solving it. The time span of adjacent hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional maps in the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is one monitoring cycle.

[0061] S205: Obtain the average hydrogen mole fraction in each of the simulation grids based on the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram, preset a hydrogen mole fraction threshold, the hydrogen mole fraction threshold includes high-risk hydrogen mole fraction, dangerous hydrogen mole fraction, critical hydrogen mole fraction and safe hydrogen mole fraction, divide the simulation grids into high-risk simulation grids, dangerous simulation grids, critical simulation grids and safe simulation grids based on the average hydrogen mole fraction and the hydrogen mole fraction threshold, and count the number of each.

[0062] S206: If a predicted severe hydrogen leak occurs within three consecutive hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagrams obtained after the prediction and solution process begins within the three monitoring cycles, the generator shall be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. The predicted severe hydrogen leak includes situations where the number of high-risk simulation grids exceeds 10% of the total number of grids, the sum of the number of high-risk simulation grids and the number of dangerous simulation grids exceeds 30% of the total number of grids, and the number of safe simulation grids is less than 50% of the total number of grids. If a predicted diffuse hydrogen leak occurs outside the three monitoring cycles, i.e., from the fourth hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram obtained onwards, the generator shall be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. The predicted diffuse hydrogen leak includes situations where the number of high-risk simulation grids exceeds 20% of the total number of grids, the sum of the number of high-risk simulation grids and the number of dangerous simulation grids exceeds 50% of the total number of grids, and the number of safe simulation grids is less than 40% of the total number of grids. In other cases, the leak shall be addressed according to the plan when the generator is shut down.

[0063] A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring device based on CFD simulation includes a continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module and a hydrogen leakage prediction module.

[0064] The continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the generator for hydrogen leakage during a preset monitoring period, obtain real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period, obtain a hydrogen leakage risk index based on the real-time data of the generator, construct a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model, and output hydrogen leakage risk assessment information. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume.

[0065] The hydrogen leakage prediction module is used to send a hydrogen leakage prediction command to the terminal when the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, construct a hydrogen leakage prediction model through CFD simulation, and obtain the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring period based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model.

[0066] The computer storage medium of this invention can be any combination of one or more computer-readable media. A computer-readable medium can be a computer-readable signal medium or a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media can be, for example, but not limited to, electrical, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatuses, or devices, or any combination thereof. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable storage media include: electrical connections having one or more wires, portable computer disks, hard disks, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, or any suitable combination thereof. In this document, a computer-readable storage medium can be any tangible medium containing or storing a program that can be used by or in conjunction with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0067] Computer-readable signal media may include data signals propagated in baseband or as part of a carrier wave, carrying computer-readable program code. Such propagated data signals may take various forms, including but not limited to electromagnetic signals, optical signals, or any suitable combination thereof. Computer-readable signal media may also be any computer-readable medium other than computer-readable storage media, capable of sending, propagating, or transmitting programs for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0068] The program code contained on the computer-readable medium can be transmitted using any suitable medium, including but not limited to wireless, wired, optical fiber, RF, etc., or any suitable combination thereof. The computer program code for performing the operations of this invention can be written in one or more programming languages ​​or a combination thereof, including object-oriented programming languages—such as Java, Smalltalk, and C++—and conventional procedural programming languages—such as the "C" language or similar programming languages. The program code can be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer, as a standalone software package, partially on the user's computer and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In cases involving a remote computer, the remote computer can be connected to the user's computer via any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or it can be connected to an external computer (e.g., via the Internet using an Internet service provider).

[0069] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method based on CFD simulation, characterized in that, The implementation of the generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method includes the following steps: A hydrogen leakage monitoring system is set up to continuously monitor the generator during a preset monitoring period. Real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period is obtained. A hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained based on the real-time data of the generator. A hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed and hydrogen leakage risk assessment information is output. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume. When the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, a hydrogen leakage prediction command is sent to the terminal, a hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD simulation, and the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring cycle is obtained based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model. The hydrogen leakage prediction model constructed through CFD simulation includes: Construct a geometric model of the generator site, and divide the geometric model of the generator site into N simulation grids, wherein the areas of the simulation grids are equal; The governing equations are determined, including the mass conservation equation, momentum conservation equation, energy conservation equation, component equation, and turbulence model equation; The boundary conditions, operating environment, and solution algorithm are defined. The boundary conditions include inlet and outlet boundary conditions and generator internal conditions. The inlet and outlet boundary conditions include inlet and outlet turbulence intensity and inlet and outlet mass flow rate. The generator internal conditions include generator inner wall temperature. The operating environment includes operating temperature and operating humidity. The solution algorithm includes Simple algorithm and PISO algorithm. Based on the generator site geometric model, the control equation, the boundary conditions, the operating environment, and the solution algorithm, the hydrogen leakage prediction model is constructed through CFD numerical simulation and a hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is obtained. The time span of adjacent hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional maps in the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional map set is one monitoring cycle. The average hydrogen mole fraction in each simulation grid is obtained based on the hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram. A hydrogen mole fraction threshold is preset, which includes high-risk hydrogen mole fraction, dangerous hydrogen mole fraction, critical hydrogen mole fraction, and safe hydrogen mole fraction. Based on the average hydrogen mole fraction and the hydrogen mole fraction threshold, the simulation grid is divided into high-risk simulation grid, dangerous simulation grid, critical simulation grid, and safe simulation grid, and the number of each type is counted. If, within three consecutive hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagrams obtained after the prediction and solution process begins, one or more predicted severe hydrogen leak phenomena appear, the generator should be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. Predicted severe hydrogen leak phenomena include high-risk simulation grids accounting for more than 10% of the total grids, the sum of high-risk and hazardous simulation grids accounting for more than 30% of the total grids, and safe simulation grids accounting for less than 50% of the total grids. If, outside of the three monitoring cycles (i.e., from the fourth hydrogen mole fraction cross-sectional diagram obtained onwards), one or more predicted diffuse hydrogen leak phenomena appear, the generator should be immediately shut down to detect the leak point. Predicted diffuse hydrogen leak phenomena include high-risk simulation grids accounting for more than 20% of the total grids, the sum of high-risk and hazardous simulation grids accounting for more than 50% of the total grids, and safe simulation grids accounting for less than 40% of the total grids. In other cases, planned troubleshooting will be carried out during generator shutdown.

2. The generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining a hydrogen leakage risk index based on the real-time data of the generator, constructing a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model, and outputting hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes: The hydrogen concentration at the top of the hydrogen detection sensor installed on the upper part of the generator's stator water tank is monitored during the monitoring period, and a first hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by combining the hydrogen detection sensor with the water level in the tank. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator is measured, and a second hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by using the real-time data of the generator and the dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator. The dissolved oxygen concentration of the generator includes the dissolved oxygen concentration in the influent and the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent. The hydrogen leakage risk index is obtained by averaging the first hydrogen leakage risk index and the second hydrogen leakage risk index, and the hydrogen leakage risk assessment model is constructed. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 60%, the high-risk information of hydrogen leakage is output. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is greater than or equal to 30% and less than 60%, the low-risk information of hydrogen leakage is output, and troubleshooting is planned when the generator is shut down. When the hydrogen leakage risk index is less than 30%, the no-hydrogen-leakage-risk information is output.

3. The generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first hydrogen leakage risk index includes: The system presets a low water level threshold, a high water level threshold, and a hydrogen concentration risk threshold. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is 90% to 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 50% to 60%. When the water level in the tank is below the low water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than 110% of the air hydrogen concentration, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is set to 60% to 80%. When the water level in the tank is between the low water level threshold and the high water level threshold, and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to the threshold... When the hydrogen concentration risk threshold is specified, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 80% to 90%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 90% to 95%. When the water level in the tank is higher than the high water level threshold and the hydrogen concentration at the top is greater than or equal to 120% of the hydrogen concentration risk threshold, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 95% to 100%. In all other cases, the first hydrogen leakage risk index is 0%.

4. The generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second hydrogen leakage risk index includes: The total hydrogen leakage within a monitoring cycle is calculated using the real-time data from the generator. The generator cooling water flow rate is obtained, and the amount of hydrogen leakage in the water is calculated based on the generator dissolved oxygen concentration and the generator cooling water flow rate, which characterizes the amount of hydrogen leaking into the water within a monitoring cycle. The second hydrogen leakage risk index is calculated based on the total hydrogen leakage and the hydrogen leakage in the water, using the following formula: Where H is the total hydrogen leakage, in cubic meters per cycle. W The value represents the amount of hydrogen leakage into the water, expressed in cubic meters per cycle; β is the second hydrogen leakage risk index. The duration of the monitoring period.

5. The generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the total hydrogen leakage is as follows: Where V is the inflation volume in cubic meters, T0 is the absolute atmospheric temperature (293 K), P0 is the absolute atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa), P1 is the internal gas pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle in MPa, P2 is the internal gas pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle in MPa, B1 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the start of the monitoring cycle in MPa, B2 is the local absolute atmospheric pressure at the end of the monitoring cycle in MPa, T1 is the internal gas temperature at the start of the monitoring cycle in degrees Celsius, and T2 is the internal gas temperature at the end of the monitoring cycle in degrees Celsius.

6. The generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The formula for calculating the hydrogen leakage in the water is as follows: Where B is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the effluent, in micrograms per milliliter, and A is the dissolved oxygen concentration in the influent, in micrograms per milliliter. Q represents the duration of the monitoring cycle, and Q represents the generator cooling water flow rate in cubic meters per hour.

7. A generator hydrogen leakage monitoring device, characterized in that, The device is applied to the generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-6, and includes a continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module and a hydrogen leakage prediction module; The continuous hydrogen leakage monitoring module is used to continuously monitor the generator for hydrogen leakage during a preset monitoring period, obtain real-time data of the generator within the monitoring period, obtain a hydrogen leakage risk index based on the real-time data of the generator, construct a hydrogen leakage risk assessment model, and output hydrogen leakage risk assessment information. The hydrogen leakage risk assessment information includes high-risk hydrogen leakage information, low-risk hydrogen leakage information, and no-risk hydrogen leakage information. The real-time data of the generator includes top hydrogen concentration, water tank level, generator cold water flow rate, internal gas pressure, internal gas temperature, and charging volume. The hydrogen leakage prediction module is used to send a hydrogen leakage prediction command to the terminal when the high-risk hydrogen leakage information is output, construct a hydrogen leakage prediction model through CFD simulation, and obtain the predicted hydrogen leakage situation for the subsequent monitoring period based on the hydrogen leakage prediction model.

8. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the program, it implements the generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

9. A storage medium containing computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, The computer-executable instructions, when executed by a computer processor, are used to perform the generator hydrogen leakage monitoring method as described in any one of claims 1-6.

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