Multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method, and belongs to the technical field of quantum computers. Comprising a photon emission system used for generating and emitting a multi-photon sequence; the electric signal control system is used for generating and transmitting electric signals; and the reading and storage system comprises a large-optical-thickness cold atomic group and is used for receiving the multi-photon sequence emitted by the photon emission system and the control light emitted by the electric signal control system and reading and storing the photons. Photon storage and control are carried out by adopting an electromagnetic induction transparency technology, so that the performance of the quantum memory is remarkably improved, the position of photons stored in a cold atom ensemble can be adjusted, the waveform overlap ratio between the stored photons is effectively controlled, and the interference degree of the read photons is controlled. The problems that in a traditional quantum storage technology, the photon control capacity is limited, and efficient multi-photon storage and accurate on-demand reading are difficult to achieve are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of quantum computer technology, and in particular to a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method. Background Art

[0002] Quantum memory is a technology that uses the principles of quantum mechanics to store quantum information. It allows quantum information (such as quantum states) to be retained in a physical system for a period of time for subsequent use. Quantum memory, along with quantum logic gates, is considered to be the core technology for processing quantum information and is crucial to fields such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum measurement.

[0003] At present, in the process of quantum storage, the storage of loaded information is mainly achieved by regulating parameters such as the time, intensity and phase of photons. During use, it has been found that due to the limited ability to regulate parameters such as the time, intensity and phase of photons, it is difficult to achieve efficient multi-photon storage and accurate on-demand reading; in addition, in terms of the control of photon interference, the existing technology lacks flexibility in the interference behavior of adjacent photons, resulting in great limitations in complex quantum operations. Especially in multi-photon systems, the problem of insufficient regulation ability is particularly prominent due to the increased complexity of the interaction between photons. These technical bottlenecks not only limit the performance improvement of quantum memory, but also hinder its practical application in fields such as quantum communication and quantum computing.

[0004] Based on this, the present invention proposes a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method to solve the problems of limited photon manipulation capability, difficulty in achieving efficient multi-photon storage and accurate on-demand reading in traditional quantum storage technology.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is achieved in this way:

[0007] The present invention provides a first technical solution: a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system, comprising:

[0008] A photon emission system, used for generating and emitting a multi-photon sequence, and sending the multi-photon sequence to a photon reading and storage system after polarization filtering;

[0009] An electrical signal control system for generating and transmitting electrical signals and controlling the shut-off time of the electrical signals reaching the photon reading and storage system during transmission;

[0010] The photon reading and storage system comprises a large optical thickness cold atom group, which is used for receiving a multi-photon sequence emitted by a photon emission system and a control light emitted by an electrical signal control system, and reading and storing the photons.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the photon emission system comprises:

[0012] A single photon source for providing single photons at random time intervals;

[0013] A first polarization beam splitter, for polarization filtering single photons at random time intervals;

[0014] The first quarter wave plate is used to convert the linear polarization of single photons with random time intervals into circular polarization to obtain incident photons of cold atomic clusters with large optical thickness.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the electrical signal control system comprises:

[0016] An electrical signal output device, used for providing an electrical signal for timing control;

[0017] Acousto-optic modulator, used to control the frequency shift of electrical signals and the switching off of light;

[0018] The third quarter wave plate is used to convert the linear polarization of the electrical signal into circular polarization;

[0019] Highly reflective mirrors are used to adjust and control the incident angle of the control light to the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment, the reading and storage system further comprises:

[0021] A second quarter wave plate is used to convert the circularly polarized light of the readout photons after the large optical thickness cold atomic group is read into linearly polarized light;

[0022] a second polarization beam splitter, for performing polarization filtering on the readout photons converted by the second quarter-wave plate;

[0023] Single photon detector, used to obtain the waveform of the readout photon.

[0024] The present invention provides a second technical solution: a multi-photon interference and rearrangement method based on a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, it comprises:

[0026] Step 1: Generate and emit a multi-photon sequence using a photon emission system, and after polarization filtering the multi-photon sequence, send the incident photons to a large optical thickness cold atom cluster;

[0027] Step 2: Generate and transmit electrical signals using an electrical signal control system, and send control light to a large optical thickness cold atomic cluster after processing the electrical signals;

[0028] Step 3: By adjusting and controlling the time interval between the light-off time and the incident photons, the multiple incident photons are read and stored using large optical thickness cold atomic clusters.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the process of generating and emitting a multi-photon sequence in step 1 includes:

[0030] A single photon source is used to generate a multi-photon sequence with a random time interval. After the multi-photon sequence reaches a first polarization beam splitter, the first polarization beam splitter performs polarization filtering on the multi-photon sequence.

[0031] The filtered multi-photon sequence reaches the first quarter-wave plate, and the first quarter-wave plate converts the linear polarization in the multi-photon sequence into circular polarization to obtain the incident photons of the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster.

[0032] In a preferred embodiment, the process of generating and transmitting an electrical signal by using an electrical signal control system in step 2 includes:

[0033] A timing-controlled electric signal is provided through an electric signal output device, and the electric signal is input into the crystal of the acousto-optic modulator. The acousto-optic modulator controls the frequency shift of the electric signal and the shut-off of the light, and then the linear polarization of the electric signal is converted into circular polarization through the third quarter wave plate;

[0034] Finally, the control light is reflected by a high-reflection mirror and enters a cold atomic cluster with a large optical thickness;

[0035] Among them: when the electrical signal level is low, the control light is turned off, and when the electrical signal level is high, the control light is turned on.

[0036] In a preferred embodiment, the process of reading and storing photons using large optical thickness cold atomic groups in step 3 includes:

[0037] On the basis of step 1 and step 2, when the first incident photon arrives at the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster, the first incident photon is stored in the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster by regulating the turn-off time of the control light and controlling the time when the photon reads out the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster;

[0038] When the second incident photon is about to reach the large optical thickness cold atom cluster, the control light is turned on again to read the first incident photon from the large optical thickness cold atom cluster; at the same time, when the second photon enters the large optical thickness cold atom cluster, the control light is turned off again to store the two incident photons at the same time;

[0039] And so on, continuous storage of multiple incident photons is achieved.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises:

[0041] Step 4: After the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster completes the reading and storage of multiple incident photons, the readout photons are emitted to the second quarter-wave plate, and the circularly polarized light of the readout photons is converted into linearly polarized light by the second quarter-wave plate. The readout photons are then polarization filtered using the second polarization beam splitter, and finally the waveform of the readout photons is obtained through a single photon counter.

[0042] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0043] 1. The multi-photon interference and rearrangement system significantly improves the performance of quantum memory by adopting electromagnetic induced transparency (EIT) technology for photon storage and manipulation.

[0044] 2. This multi-photon interference and rearrangement system transmits an electrical signal to the acousto-optic modulator crystal to control the turn-off time of the control light, the time interval between the light field and the control light turn-off, and the light field intensity. It can adjust the position where the photons are stored in the cold atomic ensemble to effectively control the waveform overlap between the stored photons, thereby controlling the degree of interference of the read photons; at the same time, by adjusting the turn-off time and the duration of the control light turn-off, it can further achieve precise control of the photon reading time.

[0045] 3. This system has excellent performance in multi-photon storage efficiency and reading fidelity. The storage efficiency can be stably maintained at more than 80%, and the reading fidelity reaches more than 90%. It provides strong support for the demand for high-quality quantum state storage in quantum communication and computing. And by flexibly controlling the intensity of the light field, the time interval between light and the light field, and the off time and duration of the light, it can accurately control the interference behavior between multiple photons and read photons on demand. This flexibility is of great value in complex quantum networks and multi-photon entangled state operations. It solves the problems of limited photon manipulation capabilities, difficulty in achieving efficient multi-photon storage and precise on-demand reading in traditional quantum storage technology. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained like these drawings without paying creative work.

[0047] Figure 1This is a system structure diagram of the multi-photon interference and rearrangement system of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of photon mixing interference reading of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of controlling the interference degree of photons by regulating the light shut-off time and the time interval of photons in the present invention;

[0050] Figure 4 Different control light-off times and time intervals between photons in the present invention correspond to different readout waveform coincidences, readout intervals between two photons, and storage efficiency diagrams.

[0051] Among them: Figure 3 Figure A is a schematic diagram of EIT storage reading out two photons without interference; Figure B is a schematic diagram of EIT storage reading out two photons with partial interference; Figure C is a schematic diagram of EIT storage reading out two photons with complete interference;

[0052] exist Figure 4 In the figure, Figure A is a relationship diagram between the time interval between controlling light shutoff and light field and the interval between two pulses (photons) read out; Figure B is a relationship diagram between the time interval between controlling light shutoff and light field and the storage efficiency of two pulses (photons) read out; Figure C is a relationship diagram between the time interval between controlling light shutoff and light field and the overlap of the waveforms of two pulses (photons) read out.

[0053] In the figure: 1. single photon source; 2. first polarization beam splitter; 3. first quarter wave plate; 4. large optical thickness cold atom group; 5. second quarter wave plate; 6. second polarization beam splitter; 7. single photon detector; 8. incident photon; 9. readout photon; 10. control light; 11. high reflective mirror; 12. third quarter wave plate; 13. acousto-optic modulator; 14. timing control electrical signal; 15. electrical signal output device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] The structure and process of the multi-photon interference and rearrangement system and method are further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments of the present invention.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0056] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0057] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, for example. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units that are clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0058] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0059] The following is attached to the instruction manual Figure 1-Figure 4 The multiphoton interference and rearrangement systems and methods of the present invention are described.

[0060] Embodiment 1:

[0061] like Figure 1-Figure 4As shown, Embodiment 1 of the present invention provides a multi-photon interference and rearrangement system to achieve flexible control of photon time, intensity and mutual interference through the system, while ensuring that storage efficiency and fidelity meet practical application requirements, and promote the practical application process of quantum memory in the fields of quantum communication, quantum computing, etc.; specifically, it includes a photon emission system, an electrical signal control system, and a photon reading and storage system; wherein:

[0062] The photon emission system is used to generate and emit a multi-photon sequence, and transmit the multi-photon sequence to a photon reading and storage system after polarization filtering;

[0063] The electrical signal control system is used to generate and transmit electrical signals, and control the shut-off time of the electrical signals reaching the photon reading and storage system during the transmission process;

[0064] The photon reading and storage system is used to receive the multi-photon sequence emitted by the photon emission system and the electrical signal emitted by the electrical signal control system, and read and store the photons.

[0065] It should be noted that the multi-photon interference and rearrangement system described in this embodiment is implemented based on the principle of slow light effect. The specific principle of the slow light effect is: magnetically induced transparency means that the atomic ensemble does not absorb the detection light under strong control light, and a transparent window appears at the position where the detection light detuning is 0. When the control light exists, the refractive index of the atoms near the transmission window will change rapidly, which will cause the propagation speed of the signal light inside the atomic cluster to slow down, which is called the slow light effect. The weaker the control light, the slower the propagation speed of the signal light inside the atomic cluster. If the control light intensity is adiabatically reduced to 0, the signal light will stop inside the atomic cluster, that is, it will be stored. After storing for a specified time, the control light will be turned on and the stored photons can be read out.

[0066] In one possible embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the photon emission system includes a single photon source 1, a first polarization beam splitter 2 and a first quarter wave plate 3. The single photon source 1 is used to provide single photons at random time intervals. After the single photons at random time intervals generated by the single photon source 1 reach the first polarization beam splitter 2, the single photons are polarization filtered to filter out noise photons with other polarizations other than the target photon polarization, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Then, the filtered multi-photon sequence reaches the first quarter wave plate 3, and the linear polarization in the multi-photon sequence is converted into circular polarization by the first quarter wave plate 3 to obtain the incident photon 8.

[0067] In one possible embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the electric signal control system includes an electric signal output device 15, an acousto-optic modulator 13, a third quarter wave plate 12 and a high reflective mirror 11. The electric signal output device 15 is used to provide a timing-controlled electric signal 14. The acousto-optic modulator 13 is used to control the frequency shift of the electric signal 14 and the shut-off of the control light 10. When there is an electric signal, the control light 10 is turned on, otherwise the control light 10 is turned off. The third quarter wave plate 12 is used to convert the linear polarization of the electric signal 14 into circular polarization. The high reflective mirror 11 mainly adjusts the incident angle of the control light 10.

[0068] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the timing control electrical signal 14 can accurately switch the AOM 13 at a set time to achieve frequency shift of the laser and turn off the control light.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, by controlling the timing-controlled electrical signal 14, the turn-off time of the control light 10 can be adjusted to accurately control the time for each photon to read out the cold atomic cluster 4 (in layman's terms, it is the time it takes for the photon to leave the cold atomic cluster 4). The read photon 9 then passes through the second quarter-wave plate 5 and the second polarization beam splitter 6 to convert the circular polarization into linear polarization and filter it, and is then detected by the single photon counter 7 to obtain the waveform of the read photon 9.

[0070] In one possible embodiment, Figure 1 As shown, the photon reading and storage system includes a large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4, a second quarter wave plate 5, a second polarization beam splitter 6 and a single photon detector 7. The large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4 is used to trap alkali metal atoms using a two-dimensional magneto-optical trap technology to obtain a cigar-shaped cold atomic cluster, and to perform photon storage and reading on the incident photon 8. The second quarter wave plate 5 is used to convert the circularly polarized light of the readout photon 9 after reading into linearly polarized light. The second polarization beam splitter 6 is used to perform polarization filtering on the readout photon 9 after filtering. The single photon counter 7 is used to obtain the waveform of the readout photon to understand the interference and rearrangement effects between multiple photons.

[0071] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, by setting up the above-mentioned multi-photon interference and rearrangement system, the technology of controlling the interference of adjacent photons and the technology of controlling the time of reading light are combined, and the operation given in the photon mixing interference reading schematic diagram (such as Figure 2 ); by controlling the mixing interference of adjacent photons, the time of reading them can also be controlled, achieving on-demand reading.

[0072] Embodiment 2:

[0073] Based on the multi-photon interference and rearrangement system described in Example 1, this Example 2 provides a multi-photon interference and rearrangement method, which is used to accurately control the interference behavior between multiple photons and read photons on demand by regulating the intensity of the light field, controlling the time interval between light and the light field, and controlling the light off time and off duration, and specifically includes the steps of:

[0074] Step 1: First, when a multi-photon sequence with a random time interval generated by the single-photon source 1 arrives, after the multi-photon sequence arrives at the first polarization beam splitter 2, the multi-photon sequence is polarization-filtered by the first polarization beam splitter 2 to filter out noise photons with other polarizations than the target photon polarization, thereby improving the signal-to-noise ratio. Then, the filtered multi-photon sequence arrives at the first quarter-wave plate 3, and the linear polarization in the multi-photon sequence is converted into circular polarization by the first quarter-wave plate 3 to obtain an incident photon 8;

[0075] Step 2: Provide a timing-controlled electrical signal 14 through the electrical signal output device 15, and input the electrical signal 14 to the crystal of the acousto-optic modulator 13 to accurately control the off time of the control light 10 (the control light 10 is turned off when the electrical signal 14 level is low, and the control light 10 is turned on when the level is high);

[0076] Step 3: In the process of adjusting the time interval between the off time of the control light 10 and the incident photon 8, the photon is read and stored using the large optical thickness cold atomic group 4, specifically including:

[0077] On the basis of step 1 and step 2, when the first incident photon 8 that arrives is stored in the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4, the time of photon reading out the cold atomic cluster 4 is controlled by adjusting the off time of the control light 10, so that the first incident photon 8 that arrives is stored in the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4;

[0078] When the second incident photon 8 is about to enter the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4, we turn on the control light 10 again to read the first incident photon 8 from the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4, but the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4 has a certain length. At this time, the first incident photon 8 is still moving in the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4 and has not left; when the second incident photon 8 enters the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4, we turn off the control light 10 again to store the two photons at the same time;

[0079] By analogy, this method can realize the continuous storage of multiple photons, and the number of stored photons mainly depends on the optical thickness of the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4 prepared by us;

[0080] Step 4: After the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster 4 completes the reading and storage of multiple incident photons 8, it emits the readout photon 9 to reach the second quarter-wave plate 5, and the circularly polarized light of the readout photon 9 is converted into linearly polarized light by the second quarter-wave plate 5, and then sent to the second polarization beam splitter 6 for polarization filtering, and finally the waveform of the readout photon is obtained through the single photon counter 7.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, by adjusting the timing control electrical signal 14 input to the acousto-optic modulator 13 by the electrical signal output device 15, the off time of the control light 10 can be adjusted, and then the position where each photon is stored in the cold atomic group 4 can be accurately controlled, thereby controlling the interference degree between adjacent photons. Figure 2 Can be reflected. Figure 2 middle, Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of photon mixed interference reading. The blue line represents the situation where the light is controlled to be turned off. The waveform in the front represents the stored photons, and the waveform in the back represents the photons read out. The figure shows the mixed interference readout of the second and third stored photons, and the readout time of all photons can be freely controlled, demonstrating the functions of mixed interference and on-demand reading.

[0082] At the same time, the photons generated by the single-photon source 1 are randomly generated, and the time they reach the cold atom group 4 is uncertain; however, through the above method and the storage mechanism of the multi-photon interference and rearrangement system described in Example 1, the time interval of the photons can be freely controlled after storage, flexible time sequence adjustment can be achieved, and some adjacent photons can be further selectively controlled for mixed interference. This technology not only significantly improves the flexibility of multi-photon storage and manipulation, but also provides a new solution for photon rearrangement and interference in complex quantum operations.

[0083] Embodiment 3:

[0084] In order to verify the effectiveness of the system described in Example 1 and the method described in Example 2, this example uses a two-pulse (photon) storage and reading situation to verify the credibility and effect of the above examples.

[0085] like Figure 3 As shown, Figure 3 A schematic diagram of controlling the interference degree of photons by regulating the time when the light is turned off and the time interval between photons. The figure shows the storage and reading of two pulses (photons); the black in the figure is the photon that reaches the large optical thickness cold atom group 4, and the yellow line represents the shutdown of the control light. The high level represents on and the low level represents off. It can be seen that the system described in Example 1 and the method described in Example 2 can regulate the time when the light is turned off and the time interval between photons to control the interference degree of photons.

[0086] like Figure 4 As shown, Figure 4 For the case of two pulses (photons), we control the light off time and the time interval between photons differently, which corresponds to different readout waveform coincidence, readout interval between two photons, and storage efficiency. Figure 4 It can be seen that the system described in Example 1 and the method described in Example 2 can regulate the light shut-off time and the time interval of photons to control the interference degree of photons.

[0087] It should be noted that, in the above description, the single-photon source 1, the first polarization beam splitter 2; the first quarter-wave plate 3, the large optical thickness cold atom group 4, the second quarter-wave plate 5, the second polarization beam splitter 6, the single-photon detector 7, the high-reflection mirror 11, the third quarter-wave plate 12, the acousto-optic modulator 13, and the electrical signal output device 15 are all devices with relatively mature applications in the prior art, and the specific models can be selected according to actual needs. At the same time, the single-photon source 1, the first polarization beam splitter 2; the first quarter-wave plate 3, the large optical thickness cold atom group 4, the second quarter-wave plate 5, the second polarization beam splitter 6, the single-photon detector 7, the high-reflection mirror 11, the third quarter-wave plate 12, the acousto-optic modulator 13, and the electrical signal output device 15 can be powered by a built-in power supply or by AC power. The specific power supply method is selected according to the actual situation and will not be elaborated here.

[0088] The technical features of the above embodiments may be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0089] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement system, characterized in that: include: A photon emission system, used for generating and emitting a multi-photon sequence, and sending the multi-photon sequence to a photon reading and storage system after polarization filtering; An electrical signal control system for generating and transmitting electrical signals and controlling the shut-off time of the electrical signals reaching the photon reading and storage system during transmission; The photon reading and storage system comprises a large optical thickness cold atomic group (4) for receiving a multi-photon sequence emitted by a photon emission system and control light emitted by an electrical signal control system, and reading and storing the photons.

2. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The photon emission system comprises: A single photon source (1) for providing single photons at random time intervals; A first polarization beam splitter (2) for performing polarization filtering on single photons at random time intervals; The first quarter wave plate (3) is used to convert the linear polarization of single photons at random time intervals into circular polarization, thereby obtaining incident photons (8) of the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4).

3. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The electric signal control system comprises: An electrical signal output device (15) for providing an electrical signal (14) for timing control; an acousto-optic modulator (13) for controlling the frequency shift of the electrical signal (14) and controlling the switching off of the light (10); A third quarter wave plate (12) for converting the linear polarization of the electrical signal (14) into circular polarization; The high-reflection mirror (10) is used to adjust and control the incident angle of the control light (10) to the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4).

4. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The reading and storage system also includes: A second quarter wave plate (5) is used to convert the circularly polarized light of the readout photons (9) after the large optical thickness cold atomic group (4) is read into linearly polarized light; A second polarization beam splitter (6) for performing polarization filtering on the readout photons (9) converted by the second quarter-wave plate (5); The single photon detector (7) is used to obtain the waveform of the readout photon (9).

5. A multiphoton interference and rearrangement method based on the multiphoton interference and rearrangement system according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

6. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: include: Step 1: Generate and emit a multi-photon sequence using a photon emission system, and after polarization filtering the multi-photon sequence, send the incident photons (8) to the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4); Step 2: Generate and transmit an electrical signal using an electrical signal control system, and send the control light (10) to the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4) after processing the electrical signal; Step 3: By adjusting the time interval between the off time of the control light (10) and the incident photons (8), the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4) is used to read and store multiple incident photons (8).

7. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The process of generating and emitting a multi-photon sequence in step 1 includes: A single photon source (1) is used to generate a multi-photon sequence with a random time interval, and after the multi-photon sequence reaches a first polarization beam splitter (2), the first polarization beam splitter (2) performs polarization filtering on the multi-photon sequence; The filtered multi-photon sequence reaches the first quarter-wave plate (4), and the first quarter-wave plate (3) converts the linear polarization in the multi-photon sequence into circular polarization, thereby obtaining incident photons (8) of the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4).

8. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The process of generating and transmitting an electrical signal by using an electrical signal control system in step 2 includes: A time-controlled electric signal (14) is provided through an electric signal output device (15), the electric signal (14) is input into a crystal of an acousto-optic modulator (13), the frequency shift of the electric signal (14) and the shut-off of the control light (10) are controlled by the acousto-optic modulator (13), and then the linear polarization of the electric signal (14) is converted into circular polarization through a third quarter wave plate (12); Finally, the control light (10) is reflected by a high reflective mirror (11) and enters a large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4); Wherein: when the level of the electrical signal (14) is low, the control light (10) is turned off; when the level of the electrical signal (14) is high, the control light (10) is turned on.

9. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The process of reading and storing photons using the large optical thickness cold atomic group (4) in step 3 includes: On the basis of step 1 and step 2, when the first incident photon (8) arrives at the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4), the time of photon reading out the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4) is controlled by adjusting the off time of the control light (10), and the first incident photon (8) is stored in the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4); When the second incident photon (8) is about to reach the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4), the control light (10) is turned on again, so that the first incident photon (8) is read out from the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (1); at the same time, when the second photon enters the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4), the control light (10) is turned off again, and the two incident photons (8) are stored simultaneously; By analogy, continuous storage of multiple incident photons (8) is achieved.

10. A multi-photon interference and rearrangement method as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Step 4: After the large optical thickness cold atomic cluster (4) completes the reading and storage of multiple incident photons (8), it emits a readout photon (9) to reach the second quarter-wave plate (5), converts the circularly polarized light of the readout photon (9) into linearly polarized light through the second quarter-wave plate (5), and then uses the second polarization beam splitter (6) to perform polarization filtering on the readout photon (9), and finally obtains the waveform of the readout photon (9) through the single photon counter (7).

Images