Thermal management architecture and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a thermal management architecture and a control method thereof.The thermal management architecture comprises a heater, a heat exchanger, a cooling loop, a hydrogen inlet pile pipeline and a hydrogen circulation pipeline, the cooling loop, the hydrogen inlet pile pipeline and the hydrogen circulation pipeline are connected with an electric pile, and an inlet and an outlet of the cooling loop are communicated with a cooling liquid outlet and a cooling liquid inlet of the electric pile respectively; the heaters are arranged in parallel at two ends of a coolant pump on the cooling loop to form a heating loop, the hydrogen inlet pile pipeline is communicated with a hydrogen inlet of the electric pile, the cold side of the heat exchanger is connected in series on the hydrogen inlet pile pipeline, and the hot side of the heat exchanger is connected in parallel on the heating loop; an inlet and an outlet of the hydrogen circulating pipeline are respectively communicated with a hydrogen outlet and a hydrogen inlet of the galvanic pile, a gas-water separator and a hydrogen circulating pump which are sequentially connected are arranged on the hydrogen circulating pipeline, and the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulating pump are respectively connected with the heating loop in parallel; and the heat energy in the heating loop is used for heating hydrogen entering the pile, the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulating pump, so that the quick start of the electric pile in a low-temperature environment is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cell thermal management systems, and in particular relates to a thermal management architecture and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, one of the reasons that lead to the difficulty of cold starting of fuel cells (for example, starting below 0°C) is that the temperature of hydrogen entering the stack is low in a low temperature environment, which affects the reaction rate of the stack. The general solution is to connect a plate heat exchanger in parallel to the cooling circuit and use the high temperature of the coolant to heat the hydrogen entering the stack. However, when the fuel cell is first cold started, the coolant heats up slowly and the temperature of the coolant passing through the plate heat exchanger is low, so the heating speed of the hydrogen entering the stack is slow and the heating effect is limited, which is not conducive to the cold start of the fuel cell system.

[0003] In addition, another reason why fuel cells are difficult to cold start is that the residual water inside the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator is easy to freeze. Generally, a water jacket is added to the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator, and the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator water jacket are connected in series with the electric heater on the cooling circuit, and the high-temperature coolant is used to heat the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator to achieve the purpose of deicing. However, such a series structural design leads to a large flow resistance in the cooling circuit. After a successful cold start, a large amount of coolant still flows through the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator, increasing the flow and resistance loss of the thermal management system. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the problems in the prior art such as poor heating effect of hydrogen entering the stack, large flow rate and flow resistance loss of coolant in the thermal management system, the present invention provides a thermal management architecture and a control method thereof. The thermal management architecture arranges a heater and a coolant pump in parallel to form a heating circuit, and connects the cold side of the heat exchanger in series to the hydrogen inlet pipeline. At the same time, the hot side of the heat exchanger, the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are respectively connected in parallel to the heating circuit, and the high-temperature coolant is used to heat the hydrogen entering the stack, and the ice in the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump is removed, so that the fuel cell stack can be quickly started at low temperature.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A thermal management architecture, comprising a heater, a heat exchanger, and a cooling circuit, a hydrogen inlet pipeline and a hydrogen circulation pipeline respectively connected to a fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack comprises a coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet; the inlet and outlet of the cooling circuit are respectively connected to the coolant outlet and the coolant inlet, and a coolant pump is provided on the cooling circuit; the heater is arranged in parallel at both ends of the coolant pump to form a heating circuit, and the heater is used to heat the coolant in the heating circuit; the hydrogen inlet pipeline is connected to the hydrogen inlet, and the cold side of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the On the hydrogen inlet pipeline, the hot side of the heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heating circuit, and the heated coolant in the heating circuit flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger to heat the inlet hydrogen in the cold side of the heat exchanger; the inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet, and the hydrogen circulation pipeline is provided with a gas-water separator and a hydrogen circulation pump connected in sequence, the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are respectively connected in parallel to the heating circuit, and the heated coolant in the heating circuit heats the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump respectively.

[0007] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture further includes: a cooling branch, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the cooling branch are respectively connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

[0008] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture further includes: a thermostat, one inlet of the thermostat is connected to the coolant outlet, and two outlets of the thermostat are respectively connected to the inlet of the cooling circuit and the inlet of the cooling branch.

[0009] In some technical solutions, a radiator is provided on the cooling circuit, and the radiator is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant in the cooling circuit.

[0010] In some technical solutions, the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are respectively connected to a row of nitrogen drain valves.

[0011] In some technical solutions, a flow control valve is provided on the hydrogen inlet pipeline. The flow control valve is arranged on the pipeline between the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger and the hydrogen inlet, and is used to control the flow of hydrogen inlet that does not participate in the reaction.

[0012] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture further includes: a controller, which is connected to the heater and the coolant pump respectively, and is used to control the start and stop of the coolant pump and the heating temperature of the heater.

[0013] The present invention also provides a control method for a thermal management architecture, which is used for the above-mentioned thermal management architecture. When the fuel cell stack is in a low-temperature cold start, the cooling circuit is closed, the heating circuit is opened, the heater is controlled to operate to heat the coolant in the heating circuit, and the coolant pump drives the heated coolant to flow through the hot side of the heat exchanger to heat the inlet hydrogen on the cold side of the heat exchanger.

[0014] In some technical solutions, the control method further includes: the coolant pump drives the heated coolant in the heating circuit to flow through the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump to heat the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump.

[0015] In some technical solutions, after the heated coolant heats the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump, the control method also includes: opening the cooling circuit, controlling the coolant in the heating circuit to flow into the cooling circuit, and controlling the heater to continuously heat the coolant.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. The thermal management architecture provided by the present invention connects the heater in parallel at both ends of the coolant pump to form a heating loop, and connects the hot side of the heat exchanger in parallel with the heating loop. The cold side of the heat exchanger is connected in series with the hydrogen inlet pipeline. During low-temperature cold start, the heated coolant in the heating loop is used to heat the hydrogen entering the stack on the cold side of the heat exchanger, thereby accelerating the low-temperature cold start time;

[0018] 2. The thermal management architecture provided by the present invention connects the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator in parallel with the heating circuit respectively. During low-temperature cold start, the high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit is used to heat the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator respectively, to remove ice in the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator, and to further shorten the low-temperature cold start time;

[0019] 3. Compared with the traditional series heating scheme, the heating scheme of connecting the hydrogen circulation pump and the gas-water separator in parallel with the heating circuit in the present invention has less coolant flow resistance loss and lower energy consumption, so that the fuel cell stack can be started quickly at low temperature. Moreover, when the fuel cell is in normal operation, the coolant flow in the parallel shunt pipes is small, and the flow resistance loss is small, which reduces the impact on the normal operation of the fuel cell system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall schematic diagram of the thermal management architecture provided by the present invention.

[0022] The meanings of the symbols in the accompanying drawings are as follows:

[0023] 1—fuel cell stack; 2—cooling circuit; 3—hydrogen inlet pipeline; 4—hydrogen circulation pipeline; 5—coolant inlet; 6—coolant outlet; 7—hydrogen inlet; 8—hydrogen outlet; 9—heater; 10—coolant pump; 11—heating circuit; 12—heat exchanger; 13—gas-water separator; 14—hydrogen circulation pump; 15—cooling branch; 16—thermostat; 17—radiator; 18—nitrogen exhaust valve; 19—flow control valve; 20—nitrogen exhaust pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is further explained in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and descriptions of specific embodiments. However, the following descriptions including the embodiments are only used to enable ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs to more clearly understand the principles and essence of the present invention, and do not mean any form of limitation on the present invention.

[0025] Example 1

[0026] The thermal management architecture provided by the present invention includes a fuel cell stack 1, a cooling circuit 2, a hydrogen inlet pipeline 3, a hydrogen circulation pipeline 4, a heater 9 and a heat exchanger 12.

[0027] The fuel cell stack 1 includes a coolant inlet 5 , a coolant outlet 6 , a hydrogen inlet 7 and a hydrogen outlet 8 .

[0028] The inlet and outlet of the cooling circuit 2 are connected to the coolant outlet 6 and the coolant inlet 5 respectively, and a coolant pump 10 is provided on the cooling circuit.

[0029] Preferably, a radiator 17 is further provided on the cooling circuit 2 , and the radiator 17 reduces the temperature of the coolant in the cooling circuit 2 .

[0030] The heater 9 is arranged in parallel at both ends of the coolant pump 10 to form a heating circuit 11. The temperature of the coolant in the heating circuit increases under the action of the heater 9. The coolant with a higher temperature after heating (hereinafter also referred to as "high-temperature coolant") circulates in the heating circuit 11 driven by the coolant pump 10.

[0031] Preferably, the inlet of the heater 9 is arranged on the pipeline between the coolant pump 10 and the coolant inlet 5 , and the outlet of the heater 9 is arranged on the pipeline between the outlet of the radiator 17 and the coolant pump 10 .

[0032] The heater 9 is preferably an electric heater.

[0033] The hydrogen inlet pipeline 3 is connected to the hydrogen inlet port 7, the cold side of the heat exchanger 12 is connected in series to the hydrogen inlet pipeline 3, and the hot side of the heat exchanger 12 is connected in parallel to the heating circuit 11. When the fuel cell 1 is cold-started at low temperature, the high-temperature coolant heated in advance in the heating circuit 11 flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger 12 and exchanges heat with the cold side of the heat exchanger 12 to heat the hydrogen entering the stack, which can increase the heating rate of the hydrogen entering the stack and reduce the low-temperature cold-start time.

[0034] The heat exchanger 12 is preferably a plate heat exchanger, and a heat exchanger known in the prior art may also be used.

[0035] The inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pipeline 4 are respectively connected to the hydrogen outlet 8 and the hydrogen inlet 7. The hydrogen circulation pipeline 4 is provided with a gas-water separator 13 and a hydrogen circulation pump 14 which are connected in sequence. The hydrogen that does not participate in the reaction in the fuel cell 1 is discharged from the hydrogen outlet 8 into the hydrogen circulation pipeline 4, and is firstly separated from the gas and water, and then pumped back into the fuel cell 1 through the hydrogen circulation pump 14 to participate in the reaction.

[0036] The gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 are respectively connected in parallel with the heating circuit 11. When the fuel cell stack 1 is cold-started at low temperature, the high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit 11 flows through the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 respectively, and is heated by the high-temperature coolant to achieve the purpose of deicing, reduce the low-temperature cold-start time, and avoid the risk of the fuel cell failing to start due to internal icing.

[0037] The present invention connects the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 in parallel with the heating circuit 11 respectively. Compared with the traditional series heating scheme, the coolant flow rate of the diverted flow in the parallel heating scheme is small, the flow resistance loss is small, the heat energy loss is small, and the heating effect on the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 is better.

[0038] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture further includes: a cooling branch 15, the inlet and the outlet of the cooling branch 15 are respectively connected to the coolant inlet 5 and the coolant outlet 6.

[0039] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture also includes: a thermostat 16, one inlet of the thermostat 16 is connected to the coolant outlet 6, and two outlets of the thermostat 16 are respectively connected to the inlet of the cooling circuit 2 and the inlet of the cooling branch 15, and the thermostat 16 is used to control the coolant flow rate flowing through the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15.

[0040] The thermostat 16 is preferably an electronic thermostat.

[0041] Specifically, the coolant outlet 6 , the thermostat 16 , the coolant pump 10 and the coolant inlet 5 are connected in sequence to form a small-circulation cooling branch 15 .

[0042] The coolant outlet 6, the thermostat 16, the radiator 17, the coolant pump 10 and the coolant inlet 5 are connected in sequence to form a large-circulation cooling circuit 2.

[0043] The large-circulation cooling loop 2 and the small-circulation cooling branch 15 together constitute the cooling system of the battery stack 1. When the temperature of the battery stack 1 has not reached the heat dissipation temperature, the thermostat 16 connected to the outlet of the cooling loop 2 is closed, and the thermostat 16 connected to the outlet of the cooling branch 15 is opened, so that the coolant circulates through the cooling loop 2 to achieve an appropriate cooling effect; similarly, when the battery stack 1 needs a low-temperature cold start, only the cooling loop 2 can be opened, and the coolant is heated by the heat generated by the battery stack 1 itself, and then re-introduced into the battery stack 1 for heating. The heat loss is reduced by not passing through the radiator 17, so that the heating rate of the battery stack 1 is greatly improved.

[0044] When the stack 1 reaches the heat dissipation temperature, the thermostat 16 connected to the outlet of the cooling circuit 2 is gradually opened, and the thermostat 16 connected to the outlet of the cooling branch 15 is gradually closed. A part of the coolant flows into the radiator 17 for heat dissipation, and the cooled coolant re-enters the stack 1.

[0045] When the fuel cell is in normal operation, the opening of the two outlets of the thermostat 16 can be controlled to adjust the flow of coolant flowing into the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15 so that the temperature of the fuel cell stack 1 is in the optimal operating temperature range.

[0046] In some technical solutions, the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 are respectively connected to a row of nitrogen drain valves 18 .

[0047] Furthermore, the thermal management architecture also includes a nitrogen exhaust pipeline 20, which is connected to the two nitrogen exhaust drain valves 18 mentioned above, and the outlet of the nitrogen exhaust pipeline 20 is connected to the atmosphere. The nitrogen exhaust drain valve 18 is opened regularly to pass the nitrogen accumulated in the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 into the nitrogen exhaust pipeline 20 and finally discharged into the atmosphere.

[0048] When the fuel cell stack 1 is cold-started, the high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit 11 will heat the nitrogen exhaust valve 18 connected to the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 while flowing through the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14, thereby helping to alleviate the problem and risk of the fuel cell system being unable to start due to freezing inside the gas-water separator 13, the hydrogen circulation pump 14 and the nitrogen exhaust valve 18 under low temperature conditions.

[0049] In some technical solutions, a flow control valve 19 is provided on the hydrogen inlet pipeline 3. The flow control valve 19 is arranged on the pipeline between the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 12 and the hydrogen inlet 7 to control the flow of hydrogen entering the stack that does not participate in the reaction.

[0050] In some embodiments, a temperature sensor is provided on the fuel cell stack 1 , the cooling circuit 2 , the cooling branch 15 , and the heating circuit 11 .

[0051] In some technical solutions, the thermal management architecture further includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the heater 9 and the coolant pump 10 , respectively, and is used to control the start and stop of the coolant pump 10 and the heating temperature of the heater 9 .

[0052] More preferably, the controller is also electrically connected to the thermostat 16 and the above-mentioned temperature sensors, and respectively collects the temperature of the battery stack 1, the temperature parameters of the coolant in the cooling circuit 2, the cooling branch 15 and the heating circuit 11, and controls the opening of the two outlets of the thermostat 16 according to the temperature parameters, adjusts the flow rate of the coolant in the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15, and simultaneously adjusts the heating temperature of the heater 9, thereby controlling the coolant temperature in the heating circuit 11.

[0053] Furthermore, the controller is also electrically connected to the flow control valve 19 to control the opening of the flow control valve 19 according to the operation of the fuel cell stack 1 so as to adjust the flow of hydrogen entering the fuel cell stack 1 without participating in the reaction.

[0054] Furthermore, the controller is also electrically connected to the nitrogen exhaust and water discharge valve 18, and controls the nitrogen exhaust and water discharge valve 18 to open at a fixed time according to the operation status of the fuel cell stack 1, so as to discharge the nitrogen in the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 to adjust the concentration of hydrogen returning to the fuel cell stack 1.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] This embodiment provides a control method for the thermal management architecture described in Embodiment 1, the method comprising:

[0057] When the fuel cell stack 1 is in a low-temperature cold start, the cooling circuit 2 is closed, the heating circuit 11 is opened, the heater 9 is controlled to work to heat the coolant in the heating circuit 11, and the coolant pump 10 drives the coolant that has been heated to a high temperature to flow through the hot side of the heat exchanger 12 to heat the hydrogen entering the stack on the cold side of the heat exchanger 12.

[0058] The system also includes: a coolant pump 10 drives the high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit 11 to flow through the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 to heat the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 .

[0059] Specifically, when the battery stack 1 needs to be cold-started at a low temperature, the two outlets of the thermostat 16 are closed first, that is, the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15 are closed at the same time, and the heating circuit 11 and the heater 9 are turned on. The coolant in the heating circuit 11 continues to heat up under the action of the heater 9 and circulates in the heating circuit 11.

[0060] At this time, the fuel cell stack 1 is in the first stage of low-temperature cold start. First, the hot side of the heat exchanger 12 is connected in parallel with the heating circuit 11, and the cold side of the heat exchanger 12 is connected in series to the hydrogen inlet pipeline 3. The high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit 11 is pressurized by the coolant pump 10 and flows into the hot side of the heat exchanger 12, and performs heat exchange with the inlet hydrogen on the cold side of the heat exchanger 12, so that the inlet hydrogen is quickly heated up and the low-temperature cold start time is reduced.

[0061] At the same time, the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14 are respectively connected in parallel with the heating circuit 11, and the gas-water separator 13, the nitrogen drainage valve 18 provided on the gas-water separator 13, the hydrogen circulation pump 14, and the nitrogen drainage valve 18 provided on the hydrogen circulation pump 14 are respectively heated by high-temperature coolant, so as to remove ice condensed inside the gas-water separator 13, the hydrogen circulation pump 14, and the nitrogen drainage valve 18 in a low-temperature environment, thereby helping to alleviate the problem of difficulty in starting the fuel cell system at low temperatures. Compared with the traditional series heating scheme, the above-mentioned parallel heating scheme reduces the flow resistance loss, and when the stack 1 is working normally, the coolant flow rate in the shunted parallel pipeline is small, and the flow resistance is small, which can reduce the impact on the output performance of the stack 1.

[0062] Furthermore, after the high-temperature coolant heats the gas-water separator 13 and the hydrogen circulation pump 14, the control method also includes: opening the cooling circuit 2, controlling the coolant in the heating circuit 2 to flow into the cooling circuit 2, and controlling the heater 9 to continuously heat the coolant.

[0063] Specifically, the battery stack 1 enters the second stage of low-temperature cold start. At this time, the temperature of the battery stack 1 has risen steadily, but the cooling system of the battery stack 1 is still in a low-temperature state. At this time, the thermostat 16 is opened to connect the outlet of the cooling circuit 2 and the outlet of the cooling branch 15, and the heater 9 is controlled to continuously heat the coolant in the heating circuit 11. The heated coolant converges into the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15, and the cooling system of the battery stack 1 is heated. At the same time, the heated coolant in the cooling circuit 2 and the cooling branch 15 flows into the battery stack 1, thereby increasing the temperature of the battery stack 1 and further accelerating the low-temperature cold start speed of the battery stack 1.

[0064] More preferably, when the fuel cell stack 1 enters the second stage of low-temperature cold start, since a radiator 17 is provided on the cooling circuit 2, in order to ensure the heating effect of the fuel cell stack 1, the radiator 17 can be closed as appropriate, or only the cooling branch 15 can be opened, and the high-temperature coolant in the heating circuit 11 flows into the fuel cell stack 1 through the cooling branch 15 to achieve rapid heating.

[0065] When the stack 1 completes the low-temperature cold start and enters the normal operating state, the heating circuit 11 is closed and the heater 9 stops working. At the same time, the cooling circuit 15 of the small cycle is closed, and the cooling circuit 2 of the large cycle and the radiator 17 are opened to carry out the heat dissipation process.

[0066] The above-mentioned ideal embodiments of the present invention are for inspiration. Through the above-mentioned description, relevant staff can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical idea of ​​the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, and its technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A thermal management architecture, characterized in that: include: A heater, a heat exchanger, and a cooling circuit, a hydrogen inlet pipeline, and a hydrogen circulation pipeline respectively connected to the fuel cell stack, wherein the fuel cell stack includes a coolant inlet, a coolant outlet, a hydrogen inlet, and a hydrogen outlet; The inlet and outlet of the cooling circuit are connected to the coolant outlet and the coolant inlet respectively. ， The cooling circuit is provided with a coolant pump; The heater is arranged in parallel at both ends of the coolant pump to form a heating circuit, and the heater is used to heat the coolant in the heating circuit; The hydrogen inlet pipeline is in communication with the hydrogen inlet, the cold side of the heat exchanger is connected in series to the hydrogen inlet pipeline, the hot side of the heat exchanger is connected in parallel to the heating circuit, and the heated coolant in the heating circuit flows through the hot side of the heat exchanger to heat the inlet hydrogen in the cold side of the heat exchanger; The inlet and outlet of the hydrogen circulation pipeline are respectively communicated with the hydrogen outlet and the hydrogen inlet; the hydrogen circulation pipeline is provided with a gas-water separator and a hydrogen circulation pump which are connected in sequence; the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are respectively connected in parallel with the heating circuit; and the heated coolant in the heating circuit heats the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump respectively.

2. The thermal management architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A cooling branch, wherein an inlet and an outlet of the cooling branch are respectively connected to the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet.

3. The thermal management architecture according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A thermostat, one inlet of the thermostat is communicated with the coolant outlet, and two outlets of the thermostat are respectively communicated with the inlet of the cooling circuit and the inlet of the cooling branch.

4. The thermal management architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling circuit is provided with a radiator, and the radiator is used to reduce the temperature of the coolant in the cooling circuit.

5. The thermal management architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump are both provided with a nitrogen drain valve.

6. The thermal management architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A flow control valve is provided on the hydrogen inlet pipeline, which is arranged on the pipeline between the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger and the hydrogen inlet, and is used to control the flow of hydrogen inlet that does not participate in the reaction.

7. The thermal management architecture according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A controller is connected to the heater and the coolant pump respectively, and is used to control the start and stop of the coolant pump and the heating temperature of the heater.

8. A control method for a thermal management architecture, characterized in that: The thermal management architecture used in any one of claims 1 to 7, when the fuel cell stack is in a low-temperature cold start, the cooling circuit is closed, the heating circuit is opened, the heater is controlled to operate to heat the coolant in the heating circuit, and the coolant pump drives the heated coolant to flow through the hot side of the heat exchanger to heat the inlet hydrogen in the cold side of the heat exchanger.

9. The control method according to claim 8, characterized in that: Also includes: The coolant pump drives the heated coolant in the heating circuit to flow through the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump to heat the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump.

10. The control method according to claim 9, characterized in that: After the heated coolant heats the gas-water separator and the hydrogen circulation pump, the method further comprises: The cooling circuit is turned on, the coolant in the heating circuit is controlled to flow into the cooling circuit, and the heater is controlled to continuously heat the coolant.

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